BELLWORK• Use your “13 colonies: graphic organizer” to answer

the following questions:• What was the difference between the economies of

the Southern Colonies and New England?• What types of government did each region of the 13

colonies have?• A lot of colonies declared their “religious freedom,” but

what were the dominant religions in each region of the 13 colonies?

• THINKER: Although some colonies established their own governments, the King of England still controlled a majority of the colonies. Do you think the colonists supported this control? Why or why not?

The Boston Massacre

Colonial Political Power• Colonies were managed by a governor

appointed by the king.• The royal governor then appointed other

officials.• Voting was restricted to men who owned

property or paid taxes. • Even the colonies with their own governments;

such as, Massachusetts, had their powers taken away.

• The king passed laws to regain complete control.

British Colonies in North America• Britain relied on the colonies for trade and

production of goods. • They also relied on the profit of the colonies to pay

off their debt. • To protect this profitable trade with its colonies,

Parliament passed a series of Navigation Acts in the 1600’s.

• Navigation Acts: colonists had to pay a high tax on goods and could only use British ships.

• This was the beginning of various acts that were implemented by the British government to maintain control over the colonies.

Other British Policies

• Sugar Act – 1764• Stamp Act – 1765• Quartering Act –

1765• Declaratory Act –

1766• Townshend Acts -

1767

• Tea Act – 1773• Boston Port Act –

1774• Massachusetts

Government Act – 1774

• Administration of Justice Act – 1774

• Quebec Act - 1774

Colonial Protests• Colonists protested

with a boycott: refusal to buy British goods.

• Attacked the stamp act by burning stamps in the streets: “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!”

Unrest in Boston• In order to enforce new laws, Britain sent

soldiers to the new colonies.• Boston Massacre: One evening a squad of

soldiers were harassed by a Boston crowd, eventually leading to gunfire and five deaths.

• Britain responded by adding a tax on tea.• Boston Tea Party: colonists snuck onto tea

ships and dumped the chests of tea into the harbor.

• Britain closed Boston Harbor until all the tea had been repaid.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Map_of_territorial_growth_1775.svg

CLOSURE • How was the government set up in the 13

colonies?• Why did Britain rely on the colonies?• What were the Navigation Acts?• What is a Boycott?• What led to the Boston Massacre?• What happened as a result of the Boston

Massacre?

John Adams and the Boston Massacre Trials

• The Boston Massacre led to harsh rulings and laws passed by Parliament.

• They closed the Boston port, overthrew the Massachusetts government, and established a government completely ruled by the King.

• You are now going to read about the Boston Massacre Trials.

• Pay attention while you are reading! You will need to answer questions at the end!

Appointment Worksheet• Write each of the following questions on your appointment

worksheet:• 9:00 – Why do you think John Adams decided to

defend Captain Preston and the eight British soldiers?

• 12:00 – How did John Adams distinguish between self-defense and manslaughter?

• 3:00 – Who do you believe was responsible for the Boston Massacre? Why?

• 6:00 – Modern criminal defense attorneys are often asked to defend people charged with horrible crimes. Do you think they should? Explain!

• One at a time, you will go to all of your appointments and answer the questions with your partner. Follow my directions!

Boston Massacre Writing Assignment• In this writing assignment, you are going to take the

role of an angry activist living in Boston in 1773. • You are going to write a journal entry, in the role of

this character, that addresses the following:1. Your feelings towards the King of England for

enforcing laws on the colonies 2. Your participation in the Boston Massacre3. Your anger at the British government for

implementing a tax on tea4. Your plans for participating in the Boston Tea Party