Government at a Glance 2015

Country Fact Sheetwww.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

Women in Korea are underrepresentedin the legislative and executive branches of government

Despite some improvement since the early 2000s, women remain largely unrepresented in Parliament. With about 16.3% of women parliamentarians in 2015, Korea is below the OECD average of 28.4%. Similarly, the share of women ministers in Korea in 2015 (5.9%), is well under OECD averages (29.3%) and has decreased compared with 2012, despite electing a female President.

Chapter 3: Public employment and compensationShare of women parliamentarians and legislated gender quotasShare of women ministers

Korea is an OECD leader in Open Government Data

Opening up public data and fostering their reuse by citizens and businesses as well as inside the public adminis-tration is a key strategic priority of the “Government 3.0” initiative launched by the Korean government in 2013. Korea ranks first in this year’s Open, Useful, Resusable Government data Index (OURdata Index) which looks at the level of availability and accessibility of government data on the national portal and at the level of government support for the reuse of these data for creating public value.

Chapter 10: Digital governmentOURdata Index: Open, Useful, Reusable Government Data

Public officials have more obligations than in other OECD countriesregarding asset declarations

Disclosure of private interest of public officials is one of the tools for managing conflict of interest in government. Disclosure requirements in Korea are above the OECD average for all branches of government. In the executive branch, top decision makers, political advisors and senior civil servants have the highest asset disclosure require-ments. Requirements for regular civil servants are slightly lower, but still very high compared to OECD standards.

Chapter 7: Public Sector IntegrityLevel of disclosure and public availability of private interests across branches of governmentLevel of disclosure and public availability of private interests by the level of public officials in the executive branch

Citizen satisfaction with institutions and services varies significantly

In 2014, 70% of Korean citizens reported being satisfied with the availability of health care services in the area where they live which is similar to the OECD average. 53% of Korean citizens reported satisfaction with the education and school system. This is below the OECD average of 67%. Less than 3 Koreans out of 10, however, reported confidence in the judicial system, compared to 5 out of 10 across the OECD on average.

Chapter 12: Serving CitizensCitizens’ satisfaction with the health care systemCitizens’ satisfaction with the education systemCitizens‘ confidence with the judicial system

Korea

Government revenues(2013, 2014)

Government expenditures(2013, 2014)

Government gross debt *(2013)

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP

Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts

G@G /dataG@G /data

-15% -10% 0%-5% +5% +10% +15%

Korea

-4.2%1.2%

2013 2013

1.3%

2014

Fiscal balance *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP

Public investment(2013, 2014)

% of of total govt. expenditures

How to read the figures:

Korea

Country value in blue (not represented if not available)

Average of OECD countries in green

Range of OECD country values in grey

Public Finance & Economics Public Employment & Compensation

Public Finance and Economics

GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES

29.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

5.9%Korea

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

41.9%

32.0%(2014)

31.8%(2013)

Korea

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

2013

7.8%

15.9%(2014)

17.2%(2013)

Korea

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%

109.3% 100%

0%

34.7%Korea

100%

0%

Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to

data not available

Source: OECD National Accounts. * See Notes

Source: OECD National Accounts* SNA definition, see Notes

Public Employment and Compensation

G@G /data

58.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

n.a.Korea

Public sector employment filled by women (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

Share of women ministers(2015)

Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database

Public sector employmentas % of total employment (2013) *

21.3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

7.6%Korea

Source: International Labour Organization (database). * See Notes

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

37.7%

33.2%(2014)

33.1%(2013)

Korea

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Institutions Regulatory Governance Public Procurement Public Sector Integrity Digital Government

Digital Gov.

High Moderate Low

30%59%11%

ModerateKorea

G@G /data

Level ofinfluence of the

Centre of Governmentover line ministries

(2013)

Institutions

Source: OECD 2013 Survey on Centre of Government

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Stakeholder engagement to inform o�cials about the problem and

possible solutions

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Consultation on draft regulations or proposed rules

For some primary laws

For all primary laws

6%9%

62%23%0%

68%6%

18%6%2%

53%18%24%5%0%

For all subordinate regulations

For all primary laws /subordinate regulations

For major primary laws /subordinate regulations

For some primary laws /subordinate regulations

NeverNotapplicable

Never

3%15%65%15%2%

Korea

G@G /data

Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook (forthcoming)

Stakeholder engagement and consultation (2014)

Regulatory Governance

Strategic public procurement - Objectives(2014)

G@G /data

Public Procurement

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

29.0%

50%

40.3%

Korea

Source: OECD National Accounts

Procurement expenditure(2013)

% of government expenditures

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Public Procurement

Public Sector Integrity

2632

64

44

Judicial Branch “At risk” areasLegislative BranchExecutive Branch

Low level

Medium level

High level 82

KoreaKoreaKoreaKorea

88 83 83

Level of disclosure of private interestsacross branches of government

(2014)

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Conflict of Interest in the Executive Branch and Whistleblower Protection

0.58

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.98Korea

OURdata Index:Open, Useful, ReusableGovernment Data (2014)

Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Open Government Data

Support for greenpublic procurement

A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities

A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level

Support forSMEs

Support for innovativegoods and services

13 26 1

A strategy / policy has been rescinded

A strategy / policy has never been developed

2 10 25 0 3 10 23 0 3

Korea

GOVERNMENT OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES

Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Structural fiscal balance, or underlying balance, represents the fiscal balance adjusted for the state of the economic cycle (as measured by the output gap which resulted as the dif ference between actual and potential GDP) and one-off fiscal operations. Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which dif fers from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt. Public sector employment as % of total employment data for Korea were provided by national authorities.

Core Government Results and Service Delivery

Out of pocket expenditure as a % of final household consumption Access to healthcare (2012)

Source: OECD Health Statistics 2014

Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2014)

71%

Judicial system

Education system

70%

20

40

60

80

100

Health care

67%53%

54%27%

National government42%34%

Korea

Average

Range

Source: Gallup World Poll

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

KoreaTop10%

0.6%

Bottom10%

0.9%

Top10%

Bottom10%

-1.6% -0.8%

Changes in household disposable income,by income group (2007-2011)

Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Limited government powers(2014)

Korea0.79

0.76

[0.37-0.92]

Source: The World Justice Project

Equity in learning outcomes (2012)PISA mathematics score variance by socio economic background

14.8%

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

10.1%Korea

Source: OECD, PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity, 2013

% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction

Government at a Glance 2015With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2015 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the

goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances

and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on services to

citizens in health care, education, and justice. Government at a Glance 2015 also includes indicators on key governance and public management

issues, such as regulatory management, budgeting practices and procedures, public sector integrity, public procurement and core government

results in terms of trust in institutions, income redistribution and efficiency and cost-effectiveness of governments.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2015-en

The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2015 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:

For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

2.8%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5%

4.7%Korea