design of a solar pv grid connectd systemmod

8/6/2019 Design of a Solar Pv Grid Connectd Systemmod

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DESIGN OF A SOLAR PV GRID

CONNECTD SYSTEM FOR A HOSTEL


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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

y Introduction

y Solar PV grid-connected system

y Objectives

y Components needed in the system

y Protection of the system

yConclusion


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INTRODUCTIONy Climate Changey Global Energy imbalance (e.g. 1.6 billion people living

without electricity )y Growing demand of energy: global energy consumption of

over 50% by 2030 for an estimated population of about 8billion, with 70% of this growth in demand expected to comefrom developing countries

y Majority of the energy supply are from sources thatcontribute to global warming

y Solar energy is a solution to our energy needs and climate

change: eco-friendly, abundant.y The future of solar energy is now. We must tap into this free,

available source of energy


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FACTS ABOUT SOLAR ENERGY

Solar energy=Energy from the sun

Third world countries with an

abundance of sunlight represent

the fastest growing market for solarenergy, with the largest domestic

market being the utilities sector.

Shell Oil predicts that 50% of the

world's energy will come from

renewable sources by 2040.

Renewable energy flow

paths.(source


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SOLAR PV GRID CONNECTED SYSTEM

y Connected to the utility grid

y Distributed generation mix

yAbility to produce your own energyy Reduce your utility bills

y Sell back to the grid when in excess


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Objectives of the projectyAccessing the current state of solar PV energy

technology worldwide.

y Improving overall power consumption of the hostelby determining and addressing energy inefficient

practices

y Designing a grid-connected solar PV system with

battery backup and an active protective andmaintenance schedules.

y Lifting the project to a professional proposal level

including specific sizes and cost of


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COMPONENTS NEEDED

y Solar PV Modules

y Inverters

y Batteries

y Charge controllers

y Net Metering Device


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CHARGE CONTROLLERSprevents overcharge and subsequent damage


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MPPT VS PWM CONTROLLERSy Maximum power-point tracking: it is like a

transmission system in a car, it adjusts charging

based on need or demand of the battery veryaccurate and efficient

y Pulse Width Modulation reduces charge current

according to the batteries need or status. It slowscharging down when near fully charged to prevent

overloads. Good, but less efficient


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MPPT VS PWM CONTROLLERSMPPT is muchbetter at

maintainingbattery life thanPWMcontrollers andmore expensive


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SOLAR BATT

ERIESOutputmeasured in

amp hours!


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TYPES OF BATTERYy Starter Batteries designed to provide a surge of power

for a short period of time. If discharged often, it loses

battery life.

y Deep discharge Batteries designed for high discharge

rates and often without loss of life.

Flooded require frequent addition of battery acid

Sealed require less care

Gel require very little maintenance


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BATTERY CAPACITYy Rated by capacity in Ah at a specified temperature,

discharge rate and cut off voltage

yAffected by temperature

y Low temperature - decreases capacity

y High temperature increases capacity


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FACTORS AFFECTING BATTERY

yRate of discharge

yDepth of dischargeyTemperature

yRecharging Characteristics


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BATTERY STORAGENeeds to be isolated

Requires maintenance

Must be vented

Needs to be planned

for peak demands

Safety equipment

required


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BATTERIES DESIGNED FOR SOLAR


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PROTECTIONMajor safety features the system

are:ySafety disconnects

y

Grounding equipmentsySurge Protection


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CONCLUSIONyWe cannot do without energy and

energy need is on the increaseyMethods used have negative

impacts on the environment

ySolar energy is the answer!

design of a solar pv grid connectd systemmod

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