direct objects ppt

8/7/2019 Direct Objects PPT

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Direct Objects, the Personal a,and Direct Object Pronouns

(Los complementos directos, la a personal,y los pronombres de complemento directo)


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Adirect objectis a thing orperson that

receives the direct action of the verb.

I eat the tamales.

Yo como los tamales.scar kisses his wife.

scar besa a su esposa.


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Notice that direct objects that are people ordomesticated animals (and sometimes personified

things) are signaled by the personal a.

scar kisses his wife.


More information about the personal a follows onthe next slide.

I walkmy dog every morning.Paseo a mi perro todas las maanas.

Patriots love their country.Los patriotas aman a su patria.


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scar has a very pretty wife.

scar tiene una esposa muy bonita.

Were looking for an efficient secretary.Buscamos una secretaria eficiente.

More on the personal a

Generally, the personal a is not used after theverb tener.

Nor is it used with a direct object that is anunspecified or indefinite person.


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Alicia visits the doctor.Alicia visita al mdico.

Whom is Elisa calling?A quin llama Elisa?

More on the personal a

The personal a followed by the definitearticle elcontracts to form al.

When the interrogative quin(es) requests informationabout the direct object, the personal a precedes it.

The personal a must be repeated before each humandirect object in a series.

Visito a Emilio y a Lola. I visit Emilio and Lola.


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A direct objectis a thing or person thatanswers what or whom, respectively, in

the following equation:

SUBJECT + VERB + WHAT (WHOM)

DIRECT OBJECT

Yo como los tamales

Identifying a direct object


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Did you buy ?

Yes, I bought .Did you pay a lot for ?

Well, wasnt cheap.

Can you play ?Yes, and my brother plays too.

Pronouns are particles (little words) that take

the place of the object itself, so that the objectdoes not have to be repeated ad nauseum . . .


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the place of the object itself, so that the objectdoes not have to be repeated ad nauseum . . .

Notice how many times the piano was repeated.


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Did you buy ?

Yes, I bought .

Did you pay a lot for ?

Well, wasnt cheap.

Can you play ?

Yes, and my brother plays too.


the place of the object itself, so that the objectdoes not have to be repeated ad nauseum . . .A better, more concise way is to use pronouns instead

of repeating the noun over and over.


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Direct object pronouns in Spanish, just as in

English, take the place of the direct objectitself, so that the direct object does not have

to be repeated, and repeated, and repeated . . .

Compraste ?S, compr.

Puedes tocar ?

S, y mi hermano sabe tocar tambin.


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The direct object pronouns in Spanish

are as follows:

mete

lo, la

nosos

los, las

forpeople

(lo, la) (los, las)

forpeople

and things

These are usedexclusively

These are used


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I eat the tamales.

Yo como los tamales.

Yo los como.

Notice that third-person direct object pronouns agree

in gender and number with the noun they replace.

Now lets see how pronouns replace

things orpeople that are direct objects.


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scar kisses his wife.


scarla besa.

Notice that third-person direct object pronouns agree

in gender and number with the noun they replace.

Now lets see how pronouns replace

things orpeople that are direct objects.


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Notice that the personal a goes away

when the direct object noun is replacedby a direct object pronoun.

scar la besa.

a


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scar la besa.

or after an infinitive orgerund(present participle).

(scar, bsala.)

scar la va a besar.

scar va a besarla.

scar la est besando.

scar est besndola.

(except foraffirmative command forms)

ALL object pronouns are placed either before a

conjugated verb

PLACEMENT OF PRONOUNS


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Direct object pronouns are commonly used inconversation when the object is established or known.

Again, this avoids needless repetition.Dnde ves a Jorge y a Sarita? Where do you see Jorge

and Sarita?

Los veo en clase. I see them in class.

Visitas a tu abuela confrecuencia?

Do you visit yourgrandmother often?

S,la visito mucho. Yes, I visit her a lot.

Do not be misled into thinking that los and la in the above

answers are the subjects of the sentences just because they appear

in the front. The subject of both answers, which is of course yo,

is simply not expressed in these instances.


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Be aware that object pronouns, just like verbs, mustmake a flip-flop transition when first and second

persons are involved in the conversation.

Me vas a invitar a tu fiesta?

S, te voy a invitar.

Nos puedes ayudar maana?

No, no los puedo ayudar.


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In negative sentences, the direct object pronoun isplaced between no and the conjugated verb.

Adolfo no la va a llamar.Adolfo is not going to call her.

But, again, as in affirmative sentences, the objectpronoun may be attached to the end of the infinitive or

present participle.

Adolfo no va a llamarla.

direct objects ppt

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