Unit four Atomic Review:

1.1k Describe matter as containing discrete positive and negative charges.

1.2k Explain how the discovery of cathode rays contributed to the development of atomic models

28. Which of the following conclusions most closely followed the discovery that cathode rays consist of charged particles?Comment by Angie Gill: A

A. J. J. Thomson’s conclusion that all atoms contain smaller parts called electrons

B. Bohr’s conclusion that electrons inhabit discrete energy levels around the nucleus

C. Maxwell’s conclusion the accelerating charges produce electromagnetic

D. Rutherford’s conclusion that the atom has a dense, positively charged nucleus that electrons orbit

1.3k Explain J.J. Thomson’s experiment and the significance of the results for both science and technology.

1.4k Explain, qualitatively, the significance of the results of Rutherford’s scattering experiment, in terms of scientists’ understanding of the relative size and mass of the nucleus and the atom.

Comment by Angie Gill: D

1.1 sts –Analyze how the identification of the electron and its characteristics is an example of the interaction of science and technology.

-Analyze the operation of cathode-ray tubes and mass spectrometers.

1.2s Perform experiments to determine q/m ratio

1.3s Determine the mass of an electron given data

-Derive a formula for the q/m ratio.

2.1k Explain, qualitatively, how emission of EMR by an accelerating charged particle invalidates the classical model of the atom.

2.2k Describe that each element has a unique line spectrum

2.3k Explain, qualitatively, the characteristics of and the conditions necessary to produce continuous line-emission and line-absorption spectra.

30. Which of the following phenomena produces a continuous spectrumComment by Angie Gill: A

A. Light emitted by a hot solid

B. Light emitted by a hot, low-density gas

C. Light emitted by a cool gas and then passed through a hot, low-density gas

D. Light emitted by a hot solid and then passed through a cool, low-density gas

2.4k Explain, qualitatively, the concept of stationary states and how they explain the observed spectra of atoms and molecules.

Comment by Angie Gill: A

Comment by Angie Gill: 8282

2.5k Calculate the energy difference between states, using the law of conservation of energy and the observed characteristics of an emitted photon.

Comment by Angie Gill: C

Use the following information to answer the next question

31. A free electron that has a kinetic energy of 2.0 eV collides with an excited hydrogen atom in which the electron is in the n = 2 energy level. As a result of this collision, the electron in the hydrogen atom is in energy levelComment by Angie Gill: B

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

1. A particular atom emits a photon of wavelength 471 nm when one of its electrons undergoes a transition from one stable energy level to another. If the final energy level has an energy of -6.04eV, then the energy of the initial level isComment by Angie Gill: B

A. -2.64 eV

B. -3.40 eV

C. -6.04 eV

D. -8.68 eV

Use the following information to answer the next question.

1. Which of the following rows matches the transition corresponding to the violet spectral line, and the frequency of a photon corresponding to the violet spectral line?Comment by Angie Gill: C

Row

Transition corresponding to violet spectral line

Frequency of a photon corresponding to the violet spectral line

A.

I

7.44 x 1014 Hz

B.

I

4.47 x 1014 Hz

C.

V

7.44 x 1014 Hz

D.

V

4.47 x 1014 Hz

2.6k Explain, qualitatively, how electron diffraction provides experimental support for the deBroglie hypothesis.

Comment by Angie Gill: B

2.7k Describe, qualitatively, how the two-slit electron interference experiment show that quantum systems, like photons and electrons, may be modeled as particles or waves contrary to intuition.

Comment by Angie Gill: A

2.1sts –use of line spectra in study of universe and identification of substances.

Evidence guided evolution of atomic model.

2.2sts –investigate and report on the application of spectral or quantum concepts in the design and function of practical devices, such as street lights, advertising signs, electron microscopes and lasers.

2.1s Predict conditions necessary to produce line-emission and line-absorption spectra

-predict the possible energy transitions in the hydrogen atom, using a labeled diagram showing energy levels.

2.2s Observe spectra. Compare and contrast, qualitatively, the classical and quantum models of the atom.

2.3s Identify the elements represented in sample line spectra by comparing them to representative line spectra of elements.

Comment by Angie Gill: A

Comment by Angie Gill: 1432

38. Which of the following statements provides a reason for the use of nuclear fusion rather than nuclear fission as a source of energy?Comment by Angie Gill: C

A. Fusion reactions can be produced in magnetic-field containment devices, whereas fission reactions require nuclear reactors.

B. Fusion energy is in the form of heat, whereas fission energy is in the form of gamma radiation.

C. Fusion products are relatively harmless, whereas fission products are extremely hazardous.

D. Fusion reactions are economically feasible, whereas fission reactions are not.

39. When an electron and a positron collide, they annihilate and all of their mass is converted into energy. The energy released by the annihilation of an electron-positron pair isComment by Angie Gill: A

A. 1.64 × 10-13 J

B. 8.20 × 10-14 J

C. 5.47 × 10-22 J

D. 2.73 × 10-22 J

Comment by Angie Gill: 6010

36. The product of radioactive decay that penetrates matter the least is the ___i_____ particle, because of its relatively _____i_____ mass and charge.Comment by Angie Gill: B

The statement above is completed by the information in row

Row

i

ii

A.

alpha

small

B.

alpha

large

C.

beta negative

small

D.

beta negative

large

Comment by Angie Gill: B

Comment by Angie Gill: A

40. Two types of pions are modelled as consisting of either a down quark and an anti-up antiquark or an up quark and an anti-down antiquark. The only possible charges for these types of pions areComment by Angie Gill: C

A. – or -e

B. +e or + e

C. -1e or +1e

D. -1e or 0

Use the following information to answer the next ten questions

Use the following additional information to answer the next two questions

2.5k

Numerical Response

5. The frequency of the photons emitted in the Kα transition for lead, expressed in scientific notation, is ___________ × 10w Hz.Comment by Angie Gill: 1.62

(Record your three digits of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

18. The region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the photons corresponding to the Kα and Kβ lines for lead are classified is most likelyComment by Angie Gill: A

A. X-ray

B. visible

C. infrared

D. microwave

Use the following additional information to answer the next three questions

19. The process by which an electron is ejected from the photocathode in the PMT isComment by Angie Gill: D

A. X-ray production

B. Radioactive decay

C. the Compton effect

D. the photoelectric effect

20. The maximum kinetic energy of an electron ejected from the photocathode in this PMT isComment by Angie Gill: A

A. 1.31 eV

B. 1.80 eV

C. 3.11 eV

D. 4.91 eV

21. A particular electron, as it leaves on dynode, has a kinetic energy of 1.00 × 10-17 J. The speed of this electron when it reaches the next dynode will beComment by Angie Gill: C

A. 5.93 × 106 m/s

B. 7.26 × 106 m/s

C. 8.64 × 106 m/s

D. 1.32 × 107 m/s

Use the following information to answer the next five questions.

3.2k

33. Which of the following equations could be the nuclear reaction equation for the fusion of calcium and plutonium in the production of ununquadium?Comment by Angie Gill: C

A. Ca + Pu Unq + α

B. Ca + Pu Unq + 3β +

C. Ca + Pu Unq + 3n

D. Ca + Pu + 3 Unq

34. The electric potential difference in the accelerating chamber isComment by Angie Gill: C

A. 1.24 × 105 V

B. 1.52 × 105 V

C. 8.16 × 105 V

D. 9.38 × 105 V

10. The strength of the magnetic field used to contain the calcium ions, expressed in scientific notation, is a.bc × 10-d T. The values of a, b, c, and d are ____, ____, ____, and ____.

Numerical Response

(Record all four-digit of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Use the following additional information to answer the next two questions.

3.2k

35. The decay particles X and Y areComment by Angie Gill: A

A. Both alpha particles

B. Both beta positive particles

C. A beta positive particle and an alpha particle, respectively

D. an alpha particle and a beta positive particle, respectively

3.3k

37. If 1.00 µg of ununquadium-289 is initially produced, the mass of ununquadium-289 remaining after 1.00 min will beComment by Angie Gill: A

A. 0.255 µg

B. 0.507 µg

C. 0.703 µg

D. 0.977 µg

(unit 3-EMR) Use the following information to answer the next two questions.

1. If the students replace the diffraction grating with one that has more lines per millimetre etched onto it, then the red spectral line will be observed ___i___ the discharge tube. In order to keep the red spectral line in approximately the same position as in the original observations, the students would have to move the diffraction grating ___ii___ the discharge tube.Comment by Angie Gill: C

The statements above are completed by the information in row

Row

i

ii

A.

closer to

closer to

B.

closer to

farther from

C.

farther from

closer to

D.

farther from

farther from

Numerical Response

1. The wavelength of the yellow spectral line for helium, based on the students’ observations, expressed in scientific notation, is a.bc x 10-d m. The values of a, b, c, and d are ______, ______, ______, ______,Comment by Angie Gill: 5827

Use the following information to answer the next two questions.

(unit1,2)

Numerical Response

2. The magnitude of the electric force acting on the alpha particle, expressed in scientific notation, is a.b x 10-cd N. The values of a, b, c, and d are ______, ______, ______, and ______,Comment by Angie Gill: 4911

(Record the four digits of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Numerical Response

3. Two of the physics principles numbered on the data sheet must be used to determine the magnitude of the electric force acting on the alpha particle. The two principles, in the order in which they must be used, areComment by Angie Gill: 4, 3or 5or 1

Number: ___________ and ___________

Physics Principle: Used First Used Second

(Record all two digits of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Comment by Angie Gill: C

Comment by Angie Gill: C

Comment by Angie Gill: B

Comment by Angie Gill: A 3.5K

Comment by Angie Gill: D 3.6K

Comment by Angie Gill: D 2.3K

Comment by Angie Gill: 4211, 2221 D 3.4k

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