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The Earth

and

Beyond

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The Sun is the star at the centre ofour solar system.

The nine planets orbit the sun.

Here is a useful mnemonic to help remember their order:

My Very Easy Method Just Shows Us the Names of Planets.

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But what do we know about the Sun?

The Sun is 150million kilometresaway from us.

It has a massivediameter of1,393,000 km.

Our Sun was

probably formedfrom a large cloudof gas about 5,000million years ago.

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The moon orbits the Earth...

Sun

Earth

moon

...as the Earth orbits the Sun.

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As the Earth orbits around the Sun, it also spins

on its own axis; which is tipped, like a globes.

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At any time, half of the Earth faces the sun

and therefore receives light.

The other half faces away from the Sun,

and so receives very little light.

This part is innight.

This part is inday.

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What causes the Earths seasons?

As the Earth orbits the Sun, when its axis tips towards theSun, the weather gets warmer. When it tips away, the

weather gets colder, causing the Earths seasons.

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winter here

summer here

summer here

winter here

autumn here

spring here

spring here

autumn here

In the northern

hemisphere:

In the southern

hemisphere:

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So, when the Sun rises in Great Britain, onthe other side of the world, its about to set

in New Zealand.

Great Britain

New Zealand

http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/nopan.maphttp://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/nopan.map

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Earth

moon

Why does the moon appear to change shape?

It takes the moon 28 days to orbit the Earth.

For 27 days out of this cycle, the Sun cannot shine on thewhole of the surface, facing the Earth.

The light from the Sun can only shine on the wholesurface for one night in each cycle: a full moon.

On one night, no light from the Sun can reach the moon at

all: a new moon.

moon

moon

moon

moon

new moonfull moon

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It takes 24 hours.

It turns anti-clockwise.

Do you know...

It takes 365 days.

It turns anti-clockwise.

how long it takes the Earth tospin round once?

which direction the Earthturns?

how long it takes the Earth to

orbit the Sun once?

which direction the Earthorbits the sun?

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Did youknow?

One day on Venuslasts 117 Earth days.

Jupiter whips around injust 9 hours and 57 minutes.

One day on Mars is about thesame as one day on Earth.

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Now, explain to your partner:

How long does it takefor theEarthto turnonce?

Why does theSunappear to rise andset?

Why, if is it day in NewZealand, is it night inEngland?

Why does themoonappear to changeshape?

In which direction doestheEarthspin on its axis?

In which directiondoes theEarthorbittheSun?