enea in figures: r&d projects, international co-operation, outcomes … mauro basili head of...

New Technologies, Energy, Environment

ENEA in Figures:R&D Projects, International Co-

operation, Outcomes …

Mauro BasiliHead of President’s Office


ENEA is mainly called upon:

to promote and carry out basic and applied research and innovation technology activities

to disseminate and transfer technologies, encouraging their use in productive and social sectors

to provide high-tech services, studies, tests and evaluations to both public and private bodies and enterprises.

ENEA is a public undertaking operating in the fields of energy, the environment and new technologies to support competitiveness and sustainable development.

Mission


RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

INNOVATIVE ENERGY CYCLES

SOLAR THERMO-DYNAMIC

HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS

NEW MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES

ADVANCED PHYSICS TECHNOLOGIES

THERMONUCLEAR FUSION TECHNOLOGIES

NUCLEAR FISSION TECHNOLOGIES

Areas of competence


BIOTECHNOLOGIES FOR FOOD INDUSTRIESHEALTH AND ECOSYSTEMS PROTECTIONPROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTTERRITORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIESGLOBAL CLIMATERADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENTPROTECTION FROM IONIZING RADIATIONSCOMPUTING AND MODELLING

Areas of competence


ENEA in Figures Five R&D Depts, 12 R&D Centres in Italy,

1500 Researchers, €130 mill/yr R&D budget

R&D and Technology Innovation; Demonstration & Deployment; Policy Analysis; Support to Public & Private Organisations; International Co-operation;

Technical Assistance to DCs; Education & Training ...

Energy Technologyand EfficiencyEnvironment andGlobal ChangesNuclear Fusionand FissionAdvanced Materialsand Technologies

Biotechnology and Health Protection


Renewable and Distributed Energy Concentrating Solar Power Clean Coal Bioenergy Next-generation Photovoltaics Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Nuclear Fusion Superconductivity New Materials for Energy Sustainable Use of Natural Resources Kyoto Protocol and Global Change Waste Management Energy efficiency in buildings Security of Energy Infrastructures Mobility and Transport Technology support to conservation of Cultural Heritage, Health Protection and Food Quality

R&D Projects and Topics

New Technologies, Energy, Environment ENEA Patents

Patents per Thematic Area

Patents Trendover Time

Informatics & Models 6%

Nuclear isotopes 4%

Accelerators & Laser 4%

Automation & Robotics 3% Plasma

Physics 1%

Measure tools & techniques 18%

Life Sciences and Biotech 15%

Process Technology 14%

Thermo-electro-Mechanics 14%

Plant Engineering 12%

Science of Materials 9%

10 11 1017 18

28

1925 23

19

32

23

37

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006


International Co-operation

Three Major Focuses ● European Union Framework Programmes and a

number of bilateral collaborations with EU countries

● Global Partnerships and Co-operation Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum, International Partnership on Hydrogen Economy, Global Bio-energy Partnership, ITER Project, UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Implementing Agreements of the International Energy Agency …

● Mediterranean and North-African Countries


Physics 10%

Agro-Biotechnology, Health protection 17%

Adv. Materials &Technology 34%

Nuclear Fusion& Fission 19%

Environment &Global Change 9%

Energy Technology& Efficiency 11%

International Fellowships Programme (32 nationalities represented in 2006-2007)

Education &Training

Russia38%

India23%

China15%

Cuba13%

Romania11%

Top five nationalities

Asia 25%

Africa 4%

Lat. America 14%

Oceania 1%

Europe 56%

Fellowships per continent

Fellowships per thematic area


Sampling Successful Stories:

A New Approach to Concentrating Solar Power

Bio-energy Project

Cultural Heritage

2003-11

ENEA Activities on CSP Technologies


ENEA Programme Main Strategic Choices

Since 2001, a vigorous ENEA programme has been launched on two main subjects. Both activities are suitably funded and organised as large projects:

1. Medium temperature (about 550°C) heat collection and storage, primarily intended for electricity production.

2. High temperature (greater than 850°C) heat collection for direct hydrogen production.

Actually 75 researchers are involved in the program, the budget until now has been 17 Ml €.


The innovations in trough technology introduced by ENEA

ENEA design introduces relevant improvements to the current technology• The introduction of an adequate energy storage• The use of an alternative transfer fluid• A new solar collector design• An innovative receiving tube design

Solar collector

Receiving tube

Heat transfer fluid

Heat storage

Power block

Steam generator

Storage tanks 290°C Cold fluid

550°C Hot fluid


The thermal storage• Any mature energy producing

technology must be available according to demand.

• In the ENEA system two thermal tanks are included to completely separate the heat collection phase from the heat usage phase.

• Thermal storage process is very efficient (less than 1% loss per day).

• With molten salt mixture between 290 and 550 °C, 5 m3/MWh are required

Discontinuity Compensation Short term clouds Yes Night time Yes Bad days Partially Seasonal variations No


The “Archimede” project

1350

1750kWh/m2

The plant is located nearby Siracusa, one of the most insolated Sicilians areas: 1725 kWh/m2 year

Nominal electric power 760 MWe


The “Archimede” project

A traditional oil electric generation plant was here recently converted in a modern combined cycle plant

Nominal electric power 760 MWe


“Archimede” project: photographic reconstruction


The “Archimede” project: the systems integration


Conclusion Solar energy has to play an important role in the future

energy supply scenario particularly for the countries in the “sun belt”

ENEA has launched, more than 3 years ago, a vigorous research, development and demonstration program on concentrating solar energy in order to prepare the basis for solar energy massive utilization

The operation of the real scale test circuit is demonstrating the achievement of the main targets of the project

The “Archimede” project will hopefully start the realization of a number of solar systems using the ENEA technology

Solar Hydrogen production is really promising and the reasearch activity curried on in ENEA is creating the basis for the design and realization of the first pilot plant


Hydrogen: a great opportunity for the future

La societàdell’idrogeno

Hydrogen is not an energy source but “just” an excellent energy vector.


CONCENTRATED SOLAR ENERGY

THERMODYNAMICCYCLES

THERMOCHEMICALCYCLESH2

0

HYDROGENELECTRIC ENERGY

O2

Solar Thermodynamic Project


Growing Interest in ENEA CSP

Emerging Countries China: Visit of ENEA facilities and co-operation agreement in Sept. 2007 Libya: Interest in small-scale demo plants for combined CSP and water

desalination United Arabian Emirates: Installation of combined CSP and water

desalination plants Other contacts with Algeria, India, Lebanon, Qatar, South Africa

EU Framework Programme Five projects in the process to be approved/funded by EU FP7

National R&D Programmes Diasol Project - Combined generation of electricity and water

desalination for rural off-grid communities in developing countries (Industry 2015 Programme financed by Italian Ministry of Economic Development)


Bio-energy Projects


Bio-Energy R&D Biomass gasification systems for rural electrification 2nd generation bio-ethanol from ligno-cellulosic materials:

innovative feedstock pre-treatment 2nd generation biofuels from micro-algae and bio-refineries

(combined production of biofuels, heat & power and chemicals – feasibility studies)

Solid Biomass

Sugar Crops

Oil Crops

Wet Biomass

Agricult . waste

Animal manure Forestry

waste Industry waste

Municipal waste

Sewage sludge Crops

Ligno cell feedstock

Combust.

Gasificat.

Pyrolysis

Fermentat.

Anaerobic Digestion

Steam

Biodiesel

Hydrogen

Reformer

Heat & Power

Extraction Esterific .

Distillat.

Shift

Bio- oil

CO+H 2

FT Conv.

Ethanol

Biogas

Feedstocks Processes Products

DME Methanol Biomass

Wet Biomass

.

Digestion

&

.

2

Products


Biomass Gasification

Gasification of Agriculture Waste(ENEA and Liaoning Institute of Energy

Resources, LIER - China)

Innovative Gasification Plants for Rural Electrification

Fixed bed plant (30-80 kWe) Fluidized bed plant (160 kWe)

Both designed by ENEA and tested at Trisaia ENEA Labs, and at LIER Labs in Yingkou (China). Several units in operation

New, 1-MWt plant for high-quality gas (14 MJ/m³, 40% H2) for use in MCFC

Fixed bed gasification plant built at Trisaia (Italy) and in Yingkou

(China)


Ethanol from Cellulosic FeedstockBio-ethanol production from

ligno-cellulosic feedstock

Innovative process for feedstock pre-treatment and bio-conversion

Pressurized, continuous-operation steam-explosion reactor

Small-scale 300 kg/hr (existing) Demo-scale 2000 kg/hr (under design) Industrial demo 25-30 kt/yr (in 4-5 yr)

Funded by the EU FP6 International and industrial co-operation

(EU, RISÖ, Budapest and Lund Univ., VTT, FIAT CRF)

Expression of interest from Egypt (Cairo University, Prof. Yasser Fami)

Continuous Steam Explosion Prototype Plant

ENEA Trisaia Labs - Italy


Bio-energy from AlgaeCombined production of biofuels, energy & chemicals from algae

Estimated Potential:■ Biomass yield: 100 t/ha-yr (30% oil)■ CO2 mitigation: 200 t/ha-yr■ Projected biodiesel cost $80/bbl■ Projected plant cost $70,000/ha■ Projected mitigation cost $ 30/t CO2

Project Roadmap: By 2010 Testing bioreactor technology with different species in fresh & sea-

water (100 m2 lab-scale plant)By 2012 Demo Plant (1 ha) with capacity:

20 t biofuels per year 200 t CO2 sequestration/yr

Project Cost: € 30 mill. Biofuels

Sun light CO2

Algae Field

Biomass

Bioplastics CHP


CULTURAL HERITAGE


Seismic risk, vibrating tables


Monitoraggio dell’Obeliscodi San Giovanni in Laterano - Roma

Messa in sicurezza delle nicchie di Buddha Afghanistan

Consolidamento aree a rischio geologico – Minareto di Jam - Afghanistan


Messa in sicurezza del tamburo della cupola di S. Nicolò L’Arena - Catania


Rilevazione di bio - attacchi


Imaging Topological Radar Color (ITRC)


Realtà Virtuale: studio illuminazione


Rivestimenti ottici e film sottili

enea in figures: r&d projects, international co-operation, outcomes … mauro basili head of...

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