environmental impacts from aquaculture in late taal, philippines
DESCRIPTION
Taal Lake is the third largest lake in the Philippines. Fishing is an important economic activity of the surrounding population in the lake. The lake provides livelihood to a large number of sustenance fishermen and supplies fishery products to the lakeshore inhabitants. There are 11 municipalities surrounding it. Given the existing data, one conclusion is apparent: total present aquacultures are almost double the carrying capacity of the Taal Lake. Calculation of carrying capacity based on contribution of fish aquacultures and input from other sources indicate that the lake can support at most about 20 000 t of fish stock. As aquaculture production is already above this value actions must be taken to improve food conversion rate and disperse aquaculture so that they get more oxygen from nearby water. In addition, it would be useful to move aquacultures away from the coast on the windward side so that they would have safer productionTRANSCRIPT
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Bathimetry of taal.dbf# 1.1 - 10 m# 10 - 30 m# 30 - 60 m# 60 - 90 m# 90 - 166.7 m
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CTDO01
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CM 03
CM 05
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CM 06
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CM 04
Environmental monitoring and modelling of aquaculture in risk areas of the PhilippinesPreliminary information from Taal, Batangas, Philippines
Modelling of carrying capacity for aquaculture production
Bathymetry of Taal Lake
Taal survey area
Data collectedBathymetry (depth recordings) of the areaTidal range and current speed, direction and dispersionPhysical parameters - Temperature, turbidity, salinity, oxygen, profile
through the water columnWater quality – chlorophyll, phosphorous, nitrite, ammoniaSediment analysis (biological and chemical)Weather data wind direction, speed, temperature
Current meter stations and measurements
Salinity, temperature and oxygen stations and measurements
Chlorophyll-A measurements Sediment condition Secchi disc measurements
Production data
Location of fish cagesInterviews with tilapia cage farmers
Calculation of carrying capacity of the Taal Lake
Volume of the part of the estuary under consideration is
V = 2.43 * 109 m3.
The volume is derived from the surface area of the lake, which is 2.43 * 108 m2 and the depth of the upper 10 m.
Flushing rate. The average yearly rainfall is 1882.9 mm while the average evaporation is 116.75 mm, so the net water layer entering the Lake is 1766.15 mm over the watershed and the lake. In addition to the lake, the watershed is 4.2 108 m2.
Hence the yearly inflow is 1.2 109 m3 and the flushing rateis D = (inflow=outflow)/V = 0.494 1/year.
The lake needs 2 years to renew one volume of water to the depth of 10 m.
Lake Taal CM01 (5,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
Lake Taal CM06 (10,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
Lake Taal CM04 (10,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
Lake Taal CM02 (10,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
Lake Taal CM05 (8,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
Lake Taal CM03 (7,5 m depth)water transport (l/(s*m^2))
0
2
4
6
015
3045
60
75
90
105
120
135150
165180
195210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315330
345
2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0
T e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )
1 0 0
8 0
6 0
4 0
2 0
0
De
pth
(m
)
0 0 . 4 0 . 8 1 . 2 1 . 6 2
S a l i n i t y ( P S U )
0 2 4 6 8 1 0
O x y g e n ( m g / l )
0 2 4 6 8
C h l o r o p h y l l - F ( µ g / l )
C T D O 1 7L a k e T a a l 0 3 . 3 0 . 0 6 .
2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1
T e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )
8 0
6 0
4 0
2 0
0
De
pth
(m
)
0 0 . 4 0 . 8 1 . 2 1 . 6 2
S a l i n i t y ( P S U )
0 2 4 6 8 1 0
O x y g e n ( m g / l )
2 4 6 8 1 0
C h l o r o p h y l l - F ( µ g / l )
C T D O 0 6L a k e T a a l 1 0 . 0 4 . 0 5 .
2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1
T e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )
3 0
2 0
1 0
0
De
pth
(m
)
0 0 . 4 0 . 8 1 . 2 1 . 6 2
S a l i n i t y ( P S U )
0 2 4 6 8 1 0
O x y g e n ( m g / l )
4 8 1 2 1 6 2 0 2 4
C h l o r o p h y l l - F ( µ g / l )
C T D O 0 1L a k e T a a l 1 0 . 0 4 . 0 5 .
2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0
T e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )
8 0
6 0
4 0
2 0
0
De
pth
(m
)
0 0 . 4 0 . 8 1 . 2 1 . 6 2
S a l i n i t y ( P S U )
0 2 4 6 8 1 0
O x y g e n ( m g / l )
0 2 4 6 8
C h l o r o p h y l l - F ( µ g / l )
C T D O 0 7L a k e T a a l 0 3 . 2 9 . 0 6 .
2.22:12.14 to 2.5:1FCR
2.45%/day1.45 to 4.45%/dayFeeding rate
60.55 to 100 Feed given (kg/day)
7.452.5 to 10Final density
5.754 to 7Culture period (months)
16.94.3 to 50Survival (%)
311.75225g to 500Final market size (g)
2,467Present Biomass (kg)
221.550 to 500Present Size (g)
4.140.62 to 7.5 Present Density (kg/m3)
153.862 to 214Stocking Density (fry/m3)
TilapiaTilapiaSpecies
837.5700 to 1000Net Volume (m3)
Fish Cage - squareType
30 March 2006Date
AverageRangeTilapia Fish Cage
2.22:12.14 to 2.5:1FCR
2.45%/day1.45 to 4.45%/dayFeeding rate
60.55 to 100 Feed given (kg/day)
7.452.5 to 10Final density
5.754 to 7Culture period (months)
16.94.3 to 50Survival (%)
311.75225g to 500Final market size (g)
2,467Present Biomass (kg)
221.550 to 500Present Size (g)
4.140.62 to 7.5 Present Density (kg/m3)
153.862 to 214Stocking Density (fry/m3)
TilapiaTilapiaSpecies
837.5700 to 1000Net Volume (m3)
Fish Cage - squareType
30 March 2006Date
AverageRangeTilapia Fish Cage
2.14:11.67 to 2.5:1FCR
2.98%/day1.45 to 4.45%/dayFeeding rate
144 75 to 300 Feed given (kg/day)
5.725 to 9.9Final density
5.675.5 to 6Culture period (months)
8450 to 96Survival (%)
336250g to 500Final market size (g)
4,826 kgPresent biomass
2252 to 250Present Size (g)
4.103.34 to 8.6 Present Density (kg/m3)
20.312 to 34.5Stocking Density (fry/m3)
BangusBangusSpecies
11771000 to 1508Net Volume (m3)
Fish Cage - roundType
30 March 2006Date
AverageRangeMilkfish Fish Cage
2.14:11.67 to 2.5:1FCR
2.98%/day1.45 to 4.45%/dayFeeding rate
144 75 to 300 Feed given (kg/day)
5.725 to 9.9Final density
5.675.5 to 6Culture period (months)
8450 to 96Survival (%)
336250g to 500Final market size (g)
4,826 kgPresent biomass
2252 to 250Present Size (g)
4.103.34 to 8.6 Present Density (kg/m3)
20.312 to 34.5Stocking Density (fry/m3)
BangusBangusSpecies
11771000 to 1508Net Volume (m3)
Fish Cage - roundType
30 March 2006Date
AverageRangeMilkfish Fish Cage
Interviews with milkfish cage farmers
By: Guttorm N. Christensen1, Rune Palerud1, Patrick White1, Tarzan Legoviz1, Regie Regpala2. 1 Akvaplan-niva, 2 BFAR NIFTDC
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Chlorophyll-taal.dbf# 1 - 4 ug/L# 4 - 8 ug/L# 8 - 12 ug/L# 12 - 16 ug/L# 16.1 - 22 ug/L
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#Sediment-oct05.dbf# 1 Very good# 2 Good# 3 Bad# 4 Very bad
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Secchi all.dbf# 0.2 - 0.7 m# 0.7 - 2 m# 2 - 4 m# 4 - 20 m