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Vietnam: Mekong Delta Water Management for Rural Development Project

(MDWM-RDP)

30 March 2011_Final

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for Binh Phuoc Xuan Rural Water Supply

in An Giang province

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CONTENTS

Executive Summary

PART 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Project

1.2 Government’s EIA regulations

1.3 Safeguard Policy of the World Bank

PART 2. SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. The Subproject

2.2. Technical information on the subproject

2.3 Water treatment process

PART 3. ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND

3.1 General Characteristics 3.2 Soil and Water Quality

PART 4. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1. Positive impacts

4.2. Negative impacts and mitigations

PART 5: EMP--ACTIONS TO BE CARRIED OUT UNDER THE SUBPROJECT

5.1 Mitigations during Construction

5.2 Consultation and Information Disclosure

PART 6: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

6.1 Organization and Safeguard Training 6.2 Safeguard consultant. 6.3 Work Plan, Schedule, and Budget

List of tables

Table 1 General technical information on the Binh Phuoc Xuan proposed water supply systems Table 2: Surface water quality in subproject area Table 3 Safeguard screening for potential impacts Table 4 Water quality (WQ) monitoring for safety of raw water sources

List of figures

Figure 1 Technical design of ground water treatment system

Figure 2 Technical design of surface water treatment system

Figure 3 Locations of the proposed water supply systems in An Giang province

Annex1: ECOP to be included in the Bidding and Contract Documents

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Background: The subproject comprises construction of 1 upgrading water supply systems from 10 to 40 m3/hr of capacity. The system is designed to serve 1,821 households. The subproject area is located in Binh Phuoc Xuan commune, Cho Moi district, An Giang province. The upgraded systems use surface water as the water sources. Impacts and mitigations: The subproject will provide positive impacts to rural population. Potential negative impacts will be minor due to small size of water supply system and land acquisition will not be required. Impacts during construction will be limited to increasing dust, noise, and traffic due to transportation of construction material. Increased waste water from this subproject would not be substantial, and it is likely that the household level sanitation planned under the project would adequately mitigate the impacts. Mitigations: To mitigate the very small impacts the following measures will be carried out in close consultation with local authority and communities;

(1) PCERWAS of An Giang will include ECOP part A and B in the bidding and contract documents and ensure that contractor are aware of safeguard obligation ands and commit to comply; (2) After completion of construction, An Giang PCERWAS will monitor water quantity and quality of groundwater on a monthly basis at least for the first year of the system operation. Training will be provided to staff as part of system operation.

Responsibility: The An Giang PCERWAS will be responsible for ensuring effective implementation of safeguard measures and timely reporting the implementation progress. The PCERWAS will set up an environment and social unit (ESU) comprising at least one full time staff to be responsible for forging effective implementation of safeguard measures. A group of national consultant will be hired to assist the ESU in performing the safeguard activities. The Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) and its safeguard consultant will be responsible for periodical monitoring of safeguard measures for the subproject, including (a) providing clarification on issues related to safeguard policies and requirements and safeguard training to staff. Budget:

• Cost for implementation of mitigation measures during construction, including consultation with local communities and environmental monitoring as agreed with the local authorities and communities and/or compensation to damage (if any) will be part of the subproject construction cost;

• Cost for supervision of contractor performance will be part of the subproject supervision cost;

• Budget for safeguard training of staff will be part of the subproject management.

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PART 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Project

The Government of Vietnam will be implementing the Mekong Delta Water Resources Management Project (the Project) during 2011-2016 with financing support from the World Bank (WB or the Bank). As part of the project component 3 “Rural Water Supply and Sanitation”, 22 new water supply systems will be constructed in An Giangmuniciaplities serving 15,133 households in 8 districts. Description and technical information of the subproject is provided in Section II.

1.2 Government’s EIA regulations

Given the small size of the water system, an EIA is not required. However, the subproject owner will be required to prepare an environmental commitment for each subproject site and secure approval from the Provincial People’s Committee (PPC). During construction, the contractor will be required to comply with a number of GOV regulations, standards, code of practices, etc. related to environmental and safety that are relevant to construction activities and environmental quality and the key ones are listed below:

• Vietnamese Environment Standards Environmental Protection: Law No. 52/2005/QH11, The Decree No. 80/2006/ND-CP and Decree No. 21/2008/ND-CP of Vietnam Government ; Circular No. 05/2008/TT-BTNMT issued by the MONRE; QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality; TCVN 5948-1998: Acoustics – Noise emitted by accelerating road vehicles –Permitted maximum noise level; QCVN 08: 2008/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Surface Water Quality ; QCVN 09: 2008/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Underground Water Quality ; QCVN 01:2009/BYT: National Technical Regulation on Drinking Water Quality; QCVN 02:2009/BYT: National Technical Regulation on Domestic Water Quality.

• Water supply: TCXD 76:1979-(Procedures for technical management in operation of water supply system); Besides, it is necessary to comply with TCXD66:1991-Operation of water supply and drainage systems - Safety requirements. Besides, it is necessary to comply with TCXD66:1991-Operation of water supply and drainage systems – Safety requirements. In general, the maintenance of the pipes should follow TCXD76: 1979 and 20TCN33-85. TCXDVN 33:2006 regarding water supply – Pipeline networks and works: Design standard

1.3 Safeguard Policy of the World Bank

To be in line with the WB safeguard policy, an Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared for the Project and it has been applied during the preparation of this environmental management plan (EMP). Safeguard screening and assessment were carried out based on technical information provided in the prefeasibility study of the subproject site and limited filed visits to some of the project sites that are accessible by car. Results of the assessment and mitigation measures to be carried out during the subproject implementation are provided in Part 3 and 4 below.

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PART 2: SUBPROJECT DISCRIPTION

2.1. Scope of the Subproject The subproject is designed to provide clean water supply to 1,281 households of rural population living in remote areas in Binh Phuoc Xuan commune, Cho Moi District, An Giang province. This effort will support the Governemnt policy to increase rural water supply and sanitation coverage of An Giang Province for year 2020.

2.2. Construction of Works

Work items: See Figure 1

Figure 1 Binh Phuoc Xuan water supply system

Table 1 provides technical information of the proposed water supply systems (see locations in Figure 3):

Table 1: General technical information on the Binh Phuoc Xuan upgrading water supply

systems in An Giang

Item Technical solutions (option)

Location ¾ Binh Phuoc Xuan commune, Cho Moi district, An Giang province

Works ¾ Supply water treatment plant

¾ Distribution network

Water supply systems

Upgrade Binh Phuoc Xuan Water Supply system (no extension land)

(capacity of 40m3/h; Land area water treatment plant needed includes 40m x10m for treatment plant and 2,5m x 2,5m for pump station

2.3 Water treatment process

Below shows the schematic diagrams for the design for the water treatment plant using suface water (Figure 2) as the water sources:

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Figure 2 Technical design of water supply treatment

2.4 Distribution networks

Materials and pipelines are selected, calculated and designed for the optimal option regarding economic and technical conditions.

Pipes area will be installed mainly along the existing roads so that resettlement is not necessary. Total length of distribution pipeline of supply water systems is shown in Table 1.

PART 3: ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND

3.1. General characteristic

Binh Phuoc Xuan commne is located on the upstream of Mekong river delta. The tropical

and monsoon climate region, including 2 seasons of rainy season (from May to November)

and dry season (from December to April of the next year. Annual mean of temperature is

from 26 to 28oC.

Agriculture production in subproject area is the major land use. Figure 4 shows the major

land use of the proposed water treatment plants in An Giang province.

3.2. Soil and water quality ¾ Ground water: Within the province there are 7,133 drilled wells, some of which are

polluted or endangered. From the ground water quality analysis results of REA consultant conducted in 2010, except for Coliform bacteria and Clorine, all were all analyzed in which parameters for ground water met National technical regulation on ground water quality (QCVN 09:2009/BTNMT). The concentration of Coliform bacteria varies from 139 to 159 MPN/100ml, much higher than permitted limitation. The Concentration of

Distribution network

River

Pump Station Level I

Regulation tank

Alum

Sediment tank

Filter tank

Filter tank

Store tank

Chlorine

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chlorine in ground water varied from 219,7-443,6 mg/l, slightly higher than permitted limitation

¾ Surface water: According to the surface water quality analysis results of An Giang province’s Central for Water Supply and Sanitation conducted in 2010, the concentration of turbidity, color, Total Fe in water is higher than permitted limitation pursuant to National Technical Regulation on Domestic Water Quality (QCVN 02:2009/BYT).

¾ Air quality: In general, air quality of the subproject area is quite good, concentration of pollutants in the air is smaller than permitted limitation according to QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality.

¾ Soil quality: From the ground water quality analysis results of REA consultant conducted in 2010, the pH of soil is low, acidity of soil from medium to slightly; Concentration of total nitrogen in soil at fair to rich level, concentration of total phosphorus quite poor. The soil wasn’t polluted by heavy metals including Zn, Pb, As, Cd, Cu, their concentration in soil all met QCVN 03/2008/BTNMT (National technical regulation on heavy metals in soil/sediment.

Table 2: Surface water quality in Subproject area

No Parameter Unit Result QCVN

01:2009/BYT Testing Method

1 Turbidity NTU 70 1.5 TCVN 6184 – 96

2 Color Co 25 15 TCVN 6185 – 96

3 Odor 0 0 SMEWW 2510 – 98

4 pH 6.62 6.5 – 8.5 SMEWW 2130 – 98

5 Hardness mg/l

CaCO38 300 TCVN 6224 – 96

6 DO mg/l O2 1.8 2 KmnO4

7 Amoniac (NH3) mg/l 0.98 1.5 TCVN 6179 – 96

8 Nitrit (NO2) mg/l 0.10 3 TCVN 6178 – 96

9 Nitrat (NO3) mg/l 10 50 TCVN 6180 – 96

10 Clorua (Cl-) mg/l 16 250 TCVN 6194 – 96

11 Mn 0 0.5 TCVN 6002 – 96

12 Fe 1.2 0.5 TCVN 6177 – 96

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Figure 3 Locations of the Binh Phuoc Xuan proposed water supply systems in An Giang province

Binh Phuoc Xuan water

supply system

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PART 4. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Summary of Subproject impact

Positive: ¾ Implementation of the subproject will provide a total of 1,821 household in the rural

population access to clean water, thus reducing risk of water borne diseases and would also improve their living condition. The proposed subproject will also promote socioeconomic development in the area.

Negative The potential negative impacts will be minor since the proposed water treatment plant will be constructed at a public land, thus no relocation or land acquisition is required. The increase in the waste water would be small, and would not induce appreciable environmental impacts such as water logging. The anticipated impacts would be mitigated by the household level sanitation, which would be provided in parallel by the project.

4.2 Safeguard screening and Identification of Issues

(a) Eligibility screening (Step 1 of ESMF):

The subproject activities as proposed do not fall into the negative list and therefore eligible for project funding.

(b) Identification of issues The subproject conducted the technical screening for safeguard issues as indicated in Table 5.1 of the ESMF) and the results are shown as follows:

Safeguard issues likely to be involved

Safeguard document prepared Remarks

(8) EMP The subproject does not involve any natural habitats

Notes: (8) Construction of bridges or water supply.

PART 5: EMP--ACTIONS TO BE CARRIED OUT UNDER THE SUBPROJECT

5.1 Mitigations during Construction

To mitigate the negative impacts during construction, ECOP part A and B will be applied and the draft is included in Annex 1.

PCERWAS of An Giang will hire a national consultant to monitor performance of the contractor.

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During operation, PCERWAS will monitor water quality of the water supply as part of the PMU will Management and sanitary condition of campsite, safety of workers, and worker behaviors;

• Management of construction site would ensure environmental sanitation and surrounding areas such as covering material transport truck, watering for dust-resistant and construction time, reasonable transportation to reduce the impacts of noise to the surrounding residential areas; and

• Cooperation of management with local resident and local community should be responsive to their request related to mitigation of potential negative impacts, etc.

• Operation: During operation, water quality and quantity will be monitored periodically as part of the operation of the systems. Generation of wastewater is expected to be small but the beneficiaries will be required to improve the sanitary condition in the service area and this will be a candidate for receiving assistance under the sanitation program to be implemented under the project.

• Table 3 provides a summary of the impact assessment and mitigations measures to be carried out during the implementation of the subproject.

• Table 4 provides some guidance on water quality monitoring.

5.2 Consultation and Information Disclosure

During detailed design, PCERWAS will conduct consultation with local authority and local community and disclose the EMP both in English and Vietnamese.

PART 6: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

6.1 Organization and Safeguard Training Responsibility: The An Giang PCERWAS will be responsible for ensuring effective implementation of safeguard measures and timely reporting the implementation progress. The PCERWAS will set up an environment and social unit (ESU) comprising at least one full time staff to be responsible for forging effective implementation of safeguard measures. A group of national consultant will be hired to assist the ESU in performing the safeguard activities. The Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) and its safeguard consultant will be responsible for periodical monitoring of safeguard measures for the subproject, including (a) providing clarification on issues related to safeguard policies and requirements and safeguard training to staff.

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6.2 Safeguard consultant. To ensure effective implementation of safeguard measures, a team of qualified national consultant will be hired to comply with the implementation of safeguards, especially on supervision and monitoring of contractor performance.

6.3 Work Plan, Schedule, and Budget Budget:

• Cost for implementation of mitigation measures during construction, including consultation with local communities and environmental monitoring as agreed with the local authorities and communities and/or compensation to damage (if any) will be part of the subproject construction cost;

• Cost for supervision of contractor performance will be part of the subproject supervision cost;

• Budget for safeguard training of staff will be part of the subproject management.

EMP cost: • Safeguard training cost will be part of the PCERWAS management cost;

• Mitigation cost during construction (including monitoring of environmental quality) will be part of the construction cost;

• Supervision and monitoring compliance with contractor will be part of the contract supervision cost;

• Monitoring of water quality during operation will be part of operation cost for the system.

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Table 3 Safeguard screening for potential impacts

Potential negative impacts Yes/no Level of Impacts/Explanation Required mitigation actions(1) Permanent or temporaryloss of land

No Feasibility data suggested that 120 m2 of land will be requiredfor the treatment plan. And the public land will be used for theconstruction of water treatment plant.

(2) Potential social conflictsarising from local cultureconflicts, land tenure, landuse issues, and/or watersupply rights or relatedsocial conflicts

No The contract will be small since it will be arranged accordingto the cost of investment which is about $0.47 million. Withthis size of contract, the number of worker would be about 10-20 people and social impacts due to workers and worker campwill be minor. Never the less the ECOP will require thecontractor to manage their workers.

(3) Likely to adversely affectethnic groups

No The subproject sites are scattered and only small area of land isrequired.

RAP and EMDP will be prepared.

(4) Involve UXO risk No The subproject sites are located in the existing rural residentialareas.

(5) Potential impacts onwater quality and publichealth as well as potentialwater use conflicts

No Waste water generation from the system would be small. The beneficiaries will be required toimprove the sanitary condition in theservice area and this will be a candidatefor receiving assistance under thesanitation program to be implementedunder the project.

(8) Activities involve civilworks that may cause smallamount of air, noise, and/orwater pollution, soil erosion,and/or create public healthrisks.

Yes Apply ECOP Part A and B for all new water supply systemand Part E for the upgrading of water supply system (seeAnnex 1).

PCERWAS will ensure that the appropriate mitigationmeasures are included in the contract and that the contractorseffectively implement them.

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Table 4 Water quality (WQ) monitoring for safety of raw water sources

Frequency WQ Parameters Location ofsamples

Compared StandardsOr Regulations

An estimatedcost/sample

Surface water quality (when it is used for rawwater)Both wet and dry season:Monthly for the first year; This frequency canbe reduced if justified.

Monitoring Parametersproposed including pH,BOD, COD, SS, coliformbacteria, E.coli bacteria,As, Fe…, DO

Upstream about10-15 m before thepumping point

Government standard forsurface water domesticuses (QCVN08:2008/BTNMT columnA1)

Water quality from the treatment afterchlorination (before sending for distribution).(1 year after the works finish and beginoperation

Monitoring Parametersproposed including pH,BOD, COD, SS, coliformbacteria, As, Fe, DO Cl-

At storage tanks(after treatmentand chlorination)

Government standard fordrinking water(QCVN 01 and 02/BYT)

Water quality from the households(1 year after the works finish and beginoperation)

Samples will be taken athousehold level todetermine the level oswater service. Keyparameters are pH, BOD,COD, SS, coliformbacteria, As, Fe, DO, Cl-

At households ofeach system

Government standard fordrinking water (QCVN 01and 02/BYT)

Monitoring cost willbe part of the systemoperating cost. Belowprovides an estimatecost foranalysis/sample

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Estimated cost for analysis/sample

TT Parameter Unit

Unit cost (VND) for each sample

According to Circular No.232/2009/TT/BTC dated

on 9/12/2009 of MOF

1 pH - 40,000

2 Metals (6) mg/l 480,000

3 TSS mg/l 50,000

4 DO mg/l 80,000

5 COD mg/l 100,000

6 BOD mg/l 95,000

7 E.Coli bacteria mg/l 80,000

8 Coliform bacteria MPN/100ml 80,000

9 Cl- Mg/l 80,000

Total 975,000

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Annex 1.

ECOP to be included in the Bidding and Contract Documents

I. Responsibilities

The subproject owner (PPMU, PMU10, and PCERWAS) and the contractor are the key entities responsible for implementation of this ECOP. Key responsibilities of the subproject owners and the contractors are as follows:

(a) Subproject owner

- General: The subproject owner on behalf of the Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) is responsible for ensuring that the ECOP is effectively implemented. The subproject owner will create a safeguard unit and assign a group of qualified staff to be responsible for preparation and management of environmental and social safeguard of the subproject throughout its life, including supervision of contractors. The subproject owner is responsible for preparing the safeguard reports and submitting to the CPMU.

- During construction, the subproject owners will recruit environmental management consultants (EMCs) to monitor the compliance of the contractors to fulfill the agreed CSEP (see below). Responsibilities of the EMCs would include the following: (a) monitoring the contractors’ compliance with the environmental plan, (b) taking remedial actions in the event of non-compliance and/or adverse impacts occur, (c) investigating complaints, evaluating and identifying corrective measures; (d) advising to the Contractor on environment improvement, awareness, proactive pollution prevention measures; (f) supervising the Contractor’s activities in responding to the complaints; (g) providing guidance and on-the-job training to field engineers on various aspects to avoid/mitigate potential negative impacts to local environment and communities during construction.

(b) Contractors

- Contractors have the responsibility of carrying out contracted works through fulfilling the agreed CESP. In doing so, the contactors will establish and maintain contact with the subproject owner and local residents, and keep them informed of construction matters likely to affect them. This may include regular and frequent distribution of newsletters and attendance at meetings at the request of the subproject owner with representatives of local residents groups.

- Contractors will provide information and reporting telephone “Hot Line”, staffed at all times during working hours. Contact details should be prominently displayed at the sites. Information on the construction progress, including the projected activities that might require closure of traffic or may cause safety risk should be timely provided.

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- Contractors have the duty to secure appropriate permits and licenses before undertaking the works or moving heavy equipment. It is the responsibility of the Contractors to monitor the development and implementation of new environmental legislation and regulation and to use the appropriate standards prevailing at the time of awarding contracts. Contractors must comply with all prevailing legislation at the time of construction, including any requirements under health and safety.

II. ECOP Part E:

Management of Very Small Contract

1. To mitigate the impacts during construction, the Contractor will be required to comply with the following Prohibitions; “Chance Find” procedures, and Good environmental and housekeeping practices:

E1. Prohibitions 2. The following activities are specifically prohibited:

- Cutting of trees for any reason outside the approved construction area or poaching

of any description; Explosive and chemical fishing;

- Spillage of potential pollutants, such as petroleum products; Burning of wastes and/or cleared vegetation outside the project area; Indiscriminate disposal of rubbish or construction wastes or rubble; and

- Disturbance to anything with architectural or historical value; Use of firearms (except authorized security guards); Use of alcohol by workers in office hours; Driving in an unsafe manner in local roads; Creating nuisances and disturbances in or near communities.

E2. “Chance find” Procedures 3. If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor will carry out the following steps:

- Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find;

- Delineate the discovered site or area;

- Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be arranged until the responsible local authorities or the National Culture Administration take over;

- Notify the supervisory Project Environmental Officer and Project Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Culture Department of Province immediately (within 24 hours or less);

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- Responsible local authorities and the Culture Department of Province would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of National Culture Administration. The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;

- Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities and Culture Department of Province. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage;

- Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by relevant local authorities; and

- Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities or Culture Department of Province concerning safeguard of the heritage.

E3 Good Environmental and Housekeeping Practices 4. This practice is intended to minimize the potential negative impacts during construction for small civil works given attention to address the issue related to human and environmental safety and minimize disturbance of local residents. The Contractor will strictly implement the following practices as relevant to the activities and locations of works:

DO:

- Limited working hour during the day time, especially in residential areas, and control driving speed;

- Minimize earth excavation and appropriate disposal of spoil;

- Minimize opening of new borrow pits and ensure proper closure;

- Minimize traffic congestion, dust and noise generation;

- Proper maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles;

- Provide appropriate safety sign (day and night) and closely inform local residents;

- Avoid spill of used oil and other toxic materials, including safe transportation and storage;

- Apply good housekeeping in the construction and/or storage sites to ensure safety of workers and peoples (collect and remove debris to keep the work site orderly and safe); Plan and implement adequate disposal of scrap, waste and surplus materials; Keep the work area and all equipment tidy; Designate areas for waste

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materials and provide containers; Keep stairways, passageways and ladders free of material, supplies and obstructions; Secure loose or light material that is stores on roofs or open floors; Keep materials at least 2m (5ft) from openings, roof edges, excavations or trenches; Remove or bend over nails protruding from lumber; Keep hoses, power cords, welding leads, etc from laying in heavily travelled walkways or areas; Ensure structural openings are covered/protected adequately; Provide the appropriate fire extinguishers for the materials found on-site. Keep fire extinguisher stations clear and accessible; etc.)

- Ensure access to clean water and latrines by workers and provide mosquito net.

- Avoid social/cultural conflict between workers and local population.

DO NOT: - Do not permit rubbish to fall freely from any locations of the project and/or access

by animals (dogs, cats, pigs, etc.). Use appropriate containers. - Do not throw tools or other materials. - Do not raise or lower any tool or equipment by its own cable or supply hose. - Use grounding straps equipped with clamps on containers to prevent static

electricity buildup. - Do not allow hunting of animals by workers in protected areas.