five animal frolics

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Five Animal Frolics

A 1,800 Year Old Chinese Exercise System

For Fitness, Good Health and Longevity

Qigong (Chi Kung) Internal Energy Cultivation Method

Wu Qin Xi

Created by the Physician Hua To (110-207 A.D)

Bear Tiger Monkey Deer Crane

Links Bibliography Quotations History

Researched by

Michael P. Garofalo

September 5, 2005

(Note: The Five Animal Frolics Qigong and the Wild Goose (Dayan) Qigong

will be published in installments in Cloud Hands webpages beginning inJanuary, 2005. They will be published in their entirety by December, 2006.)

Green Way Research, Red Bluff, California, 2005

By Michael P. Garofalo, All Rights Reserved.

Cloud Hands - Yun Shou

Cloud Hands Homepage


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Bibliography, Links and Resources

The Five Animal Frolics (Wu Qin Xi)

Alphabetical Index to the Cloud Hands Website

Anatomy of Hatha Yoga: A Manual for Students, Teachers and Practitioners.

By H. David Coulter. Foreword by Timothy McCall. Honesdale, Pennsylvania,

Body and Breath, 2001. Index, bibliography, appendices, 623 pages.ISBN: 0970700601. MGC. 2002 winner of the Benjamin Franklin Award for

Health, Wellness and Nutrition.

Ancient Way to Keep Fit. Compiled by Zong Wu and Li Mao. Translated by Song

Luzeng,

Liu Beijian, and Liu Zhenkai. Paintings by Zhang Ke Ren. Foreword by KumarFrantzis. Bolinas, California, Shelter Publications, 1992. 211 pages, glossary.

ISBN: 0679417893. Outstanding illustrations by Zhang Ke Ren. The Five Animal

Frolics are beautifully illustrated on pages 68-80.

Animal Speak: The Spiritual and Magical Powers of Creatures Great and Small.

By Ted Andrews. Llewellyn, 1993. 383 pages. ISBN: 0875420281. "Shows readershow to identify his or her animal totem and learn how to invoke its energy and use it for

personal growth and inner discovery."

Animal Spirits: The Shared World - Sacrifice, Ritual, and Myth; Animal Souls and

Symbols. By Nicholas J. Saunders. Index, 182 pages. ISBN: 0316903051.

Animal Wise: The Spirit Language and Signs of Nature. By Ted Andrews. Dragonhawk

Pub., 1999. 400 pages. ISBN: 1888767340.


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An Overview of Chinese Medicine. By Paul Zabwodski.

Awareness Through Movement; Health Exercises for Personal Growth. Easy to DoHealth

Exercises to Improve Your Posture, Vision, Imagination and Personal Awareness.

By Moshe Feldenkrais. San Francisco, Harper Collins, 1972, 1977. 173 pages.ISBN: 0062503227.

The Bear: The Five Animal Frolics

Chi Kung Fundamentals 1: Five Animals Video. By Michael Winn. Instructional

videotape, 90 minutes. Instructional audiotape. Telephone: 888-999-0555.

Chinese Medicine History 13Kb.

Chinese Medicine History - Hua To (Hua Tuo)

Cloud Hands: Taijiquan and Qigong

Comparative History of Chinese and Western Medicine. By Ray C. J. Chiu, M.D..

The Complete Book of Chinese Health and Healing. By Daniel Reid. Random House,1994. 484 pages. ISBN: 0877739293.

Dancing With Goddesses: Archetypes, Poetry and Empowerment. By Annis Pratt.Bloomington, Indiana, Indiana University Press, 1994. Index, bibliography, notes,

408 pages. ISBN: 0253208653. Chapter 11 is titled "Bear!", pp. 340-368.

Dragon Door Publications. St. Paul, Minnesota. 1-800-899-5111.

Drawing Silk: A Training Manual for T'ai Chi. By Paul B. Gallagher. Guilford, VT,

Deer Mountain


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Taoist Academy, 1988. Reading lists, lists, 128 pages. No ISBN The Five Animal

Frolics

are discussed on pages 5-10. A important source of Information about the Frolics forMr. Gallagher was the Qigong Master Kenneth S. Cohen. Includes a translation from

"The Five Animal Frolic Classic."

Ecstatic Body Postures: An Alternate Reality Workbook. By Belinda Gore. Foreword

byFelicitas Goodman. Santa Fe, New Mexico, Bear and Company, 1995. Endnotes,

284 pages. MGC. ISBN: 1879181223. The Bear Spirit Posture is described and

illustrated, pp. 49-54.

Ecstatic Trance: New Ritual Body Postures. By Felicitas D. Goodman and Nana

Nauwald.

Binkey Kok, 2003. Workbook edition, 184 pages. ISBN: 9074597637.

Eight Section Brocade Qigong By Michael P. Garofalo. 280Kb+. History and purpose

of

this popular chi kung practice. Descriptions for each of the eight movements, healthbenefits,

comments, variations, extensive links and bibliography, resources, quotations, animated

.gif photographs of the movements, and charts. HTML format. 65 pages in Word.doc

format. This file is updated on a regular basis as I add new material, links, notes, andresources. A.K.A: Baduanjin, Pa Tuan Jin, Eight Silken Treasures, Ba Duan Jin,

Pal Dan Gum, Ba Duan Gin, Pa Tin Kam, Otto Pezzi di Tesoro, Acht Delen Brokaat,

Les Huit Exercices del la Soie, Eight Silken Treasures, Brocade Qigong, WudangBrocade Qigong, Silk Treasures Qigong, First Eight Buddha Lohan Hands. The seventh

movement of the Eight Section Brocade is called: The Big Bear Turns from Side to Side.

Eighteen Hands Lohan Qigong (King Mui Version) Description and photographs.

The Essential Book of Traditional Chinese Medicine. By Liu Yanchi, Fang Tingyu,

Kathleen

Vian, Peter Eckman, and Chen Laidi. Columbia University Press, 1988. 305 pages.ISBN: 0231103573.

Five Animal Frolics. Instructional videotape by Michael Gilman. 60 minutes VHS or

DVD.


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The Five Animal Frolics: A Practical and Workable Qigong Method. By John Du Cane.

Five Animal Frolics Qigong "The oldest written exercise program for preventive

medicine."

Five Animal Frolics (Wu Qin Xi): Tiger, Bear, Crane, Deer, and Monkey

Five Animal Frolics: A Form Workbook. A Complete Qigong Program for High Energy,

Vitality and Well Being. By John Du Cane. St. Paul, Minnesota, Dragon Door

Publications,2002. Second Edition, 2002. 121 pages. Spiral bound notebook. 100 photographs.

No ISBN. MGC.

Five Animal Play. Dr. Alex Feng, Oakland, California.

The Great Bear Star Steps By Sat Chuen Hon.

The Healing Promise of Qi: Creating Extraordinary Wellness Through Qigong and Tai

Chi.

By Roger Jahnke, O.M.D.. Chicago, Contemporary Books, 2002. Index, notes,extensive

recommended reading list, 316 pages. ISBN: 0809295288.

The Health Benefits of Qigong Exercises. By John Du Cane.

Hua To (Hua Tuo) - Biographical Information

"Hua Tuo's Five Animal Frolics," Zhou Lishang. T'ai Chi: The International Magazine of

T'ai Chi Ch'uan:

Vol. 29, No. 4, August, 2005, pp. 42-49. Translation by Yan Shufan. A detailed articleon how to

do the Frolics. This version of the Frolics set was developed by the Shanghai University

of Sportsand approved by the State Physical Culture and Sports Bureau. The articles includes set

by set photos, instructions, and some very interesting illustrations from the Ma Wang Dui

Tomb No. 3 findings.


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The Magic of Shapeshifting. By Rosalyn Greene. Red Wheel Weiser, 2000.

258 pages. ISBN: 1578631718. According to Ms. Greene the most commonanimals people shift into are the wolf, fox, cat and bear.

Meditation and Qigong

Power Qigong: The Bear and Tiger Frolics. By John Du Cane. St. Paul, Minnesota,

Dragon Door Publications, 1999. Instructional HS videotape, 48 minutes. Anti-Aging

Series. ISBN: 0938045210. MGC.

Qigong Essentials for Health Promotion. By Jiao Guorui. Beijing, China Reconstructs

Press, 1988. A lengthy description of the Five Animal Frolics can be found on pages

190-236.

Qigong Healing: The Way of Qigong. By Kenneth S. Cohen.

Qigong Links

Scholar Warrior: An Introduction to the Tao in Everyday Life. By Deng Ming-Dao.Harper

San Francisco, 1990. Index, bibliography, 351 pages. ISBN: 0062502328. MGC.

Serenity Qigong: An Instructional Guide to the Crane Frolic. By John Du Cane. An

instructional videotape, 41 minutes.

Shapeshifters and Shapeshifting

Shapeshifting in Celtic Myth. By Kenneth R. White.

Shapeshifting: Shamanic Techniques for Global and Personal Information.

By John M. Perkins. Inner Traditions Intl. Ltd., 1997. 184 pages.ISBN: 0892816635. MGC.

Shen-nong Limited: History of Chinese Medicine


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Tiger Qong and Bear Qong By Jane Golden.

Totems: The Transformative Power of Your Personal Animal Totem. By Brad Steiger.Harper San Francisco, 1997. 224 pages. ISBN: 0062514253.

Vitality Qigong: An Instructional Guide to the Monkey and Deer Frolics. By John Du

Cane.

Instructional videotape, 43 minutes.

The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing. By Kenneth S.

Cohen.

Foreword by Larry Dossey. New York Ballantine Books, 1997. Index, notes,appendices,

427 pages. ISBN: 0345421094. MGC. One of my favorite books: comprehensive,informative, practical, and scientific. A very informative introduction to the Five Animal

Frolics, and detailed descriptions of the Crane and Bear forms, with illustrations, can

be found on pages 199-209.

What is Qigong. By Kenneth S. Cohen.

Where the Spirits Ride the Wind: Trance Journeys and Other Ecstatic Experiences.

By Felicitas D. Goodman, Ph.D.. Illustrated by Gerhard Binder. Bloomington, Indiana,Indiana University Press, 1990. Index, bibliography, 242 pages. ISBN: 0253327644.

A cross cultural study of the effects of body postures on altered states of consciousness.

Extensive notes on the widespread instances of Bear postures, rituals and totems.

The Wonders of Qigong. A Chinese Exercise for Fitness, Health and Longevity.

Compiled by the China Sports Magazine, Beijing, China. Published byWayfarer Publications, Los Angeles, CA, 1985. 111 pages. 275 line drawings.

ISBN: 0935099077.

Wu Qin Xi. By Hu, Yao-zhen. Hong Kong, Xin Wen Shu Dian, n.d..

Zhan Zhuang - Standing Like a Tree - Meditation and Qigong


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Return to the Main Index

Frolics of the Five Animals

Bear

Bear Frolic - General Remarks and Quotes

"The Bear appears clumsy on the outside, but is alert and spirited within.

Ponderous and solid, sunken and stable, but with lightness concealed internally.

Its powerful flanks shake while moving and can be used to strike.Ch'i sinks to the Dan T'ien and remains in the Middle Court."

- The Five Animal Classic, Translated by Paul B. Gallagher

Drawing Silk: A Training Manual for T'ai Chi, 1988, p.9.


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Attributes: Strength, Stability, Power, Keen Sense of Smell

The practice of the Bear will warm up and stimulate the body. In qigong healing arts the

practice of the Bear is recommended for stimulating and improving the functioning ofkidneys

and spleen, and for strengthening the bones.

"Taiji Quan movements evolved from this ancient lumbering gait of a bear, unfortunately

due to thelinguistic drift and misinterpretation, the Great Bear Polar Circle remains hidden for most

practitioners.

If one retraced to an older practice of the Five Animal frolics, one can still see the

original lumberingGait of a black bear frolic swaying side to side. If Taiji Quan did evolve from the Five

animal frolicsthen the Taiji form must contain within its structure a Bear movement. Such discovery

re-connects

me to the ancient Complete Reality Sect of Taoist Ritual and opens my eyes to the depthof Taiji

practice. That the very functioning of the Taiji form is a Shamanistic journey of

recreating the

Heavenly drama of the Ursula Major constellation which contained the Big Dipper. Withthe Great

Bear Rite as part of my practice of Taiji movements, this transported my consciousness to

a levelthat is universal. My body became part of the Cosmos. The movements took on a

numinous quality.

- The Great Bear Star Steps, Sat Chuen Hon

"For the Northern Utes, only the wisest, most experienced holy men and women dare todeclare that:

I am like a bear.

I hold up my handsWaiting for the sun to rise."

- Annis Pratt, Dancing With Goddesses, p. 341


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"The Bear is the symbol of strength, power, and healing wisdom. In ancient China, the

shaman

healers wore bear masks and may have imitated the stepping of the bear in ritual dance."- The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing, 1997, p. 200.

"The Bear is a great winter exercise. Slow, ponderous, but very strong, it warms the

body,strengthens the spleen, and builds vitality. The Bear's twisting waist movements massage

and invigorate the kidneys. The Bear is an excellent preventive against osteoporosis, as

it is known to fortify the bones."

- John Du Cane, Power Qigong

"Bears are large heavy mammals belonging to the family Ursidae. They are found largelyin

northern temperate regions and are widely distributed in North America, Europe, andAsia.

Bears have a shaggy coat and a short tail and walk flat on the soles of their broad feet.

Theynormally have a short, thick neck, a rounded head, pointed muzzle, short ears, and small

eyes. They can stand erect and have powerful limbs and long, curved claws. Bears have

poor eyesight, and most have only fair hearing. Their sense of smell, however, is

extremelykeen. Bears are closely related to the dog and the raccoon and are the most recently

evolved

of the carnivores. The diet of bears generally is varied and flexible. Most species areespecially

fond of ants and honey. Bears also eat bees, seeds, roots, nuts, berries, and insect larvae.

Theirmeat diet includes rodents, fishes, deer, pigs, and lambs. Grizzlies and Alaskan brown

bears

fish for salmon, but the largely herbivorous spectacled bear rarely eats anything other

thanvegetation. Although they possess a fierce and aggressive reputation, the bear is more

often

a peaceful and solitary creature."- Mark Reed, The Bear Facts

"The Bear Spirit Posture: The name of this posture is derived from a wonderful carving

of


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the Northwest Pacific Coast Indians in which the Grandfather Bear Spirit, the Great

Healer,

stands behind a shaman who holds the pose. It is very old and, of all the postures, is themost widely known. Evidence of it has been found in countries throughout the world,

and

historically it has existed from 6,000 B. C. to the present.- Belinda Gore, Ecstatic Body Postures, p. 49. See my comments on Wu Ji.

"In Native American stories which account for totemic tribal origin, the impulse is not

toward

the humanization of the bear but toward the bearification of the humans, an interchangein

which human beings learn how to revere and respect bear values which they need in

order

to survive as a people."- Annis Pratt, Dancing With Goddesses, p. 341

"The Bear has been revered as the great Medicine Chief throughout the NorthernHemisphere

for thousands of years. Traditional societies have honored the Bear as ancestor, keeper of

herbal lore, sacred archetype of motherhood and rebirth, powerful protector, and

messengerof the return of spring."

- Margaret Duperly, The Power of Bear Spirit

"Bear is a guide to the psyche, to the sleeping world, the world of the shaman, the bearlives

in a dream state for the winter, hibernating much like a shaman enters a trance. Bear is

an

ancient spirit who teaches us to journey within our own selves, to find our hidden secretsand examine them."

- The Great Primal Bear Spirit

Bear Frolic Postures and Variations


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There are many versions and variations of the Frolics of the Bear. Over the centuries,many

playful qigong practitioners have created versions of the Bear that suited their preferences

andfelt comfortable for their body. In addition, all psycho-somatic movement forms are

naturally

modified, in private practice, to suit the individual's body type, to accommodate injuries,to

cope with aliments and illnesses, to adjust to levels of physical conditioning, to match

different

aims of practice (relaxation, fun, fitness, health, meditation, or martial arts), to providevariety, and to just "feel right." Consequently, if you are taught different versions of a

movement

called "The Bear" just enjoy yourself and play like a bear.

There is scanty literature in English on the Five Animal Frolics, as compared, for

example,with the Eight Section Brocade qigong. There are a few qigong and taijiquan masters

that

teach the Five Animal Frolics in the United States: Kenneth S. Cohen, John Du Cane,and Xue Zhi. .

When I teach the Frolics of the Bear, I use a variety of postures and movement forms.

In my opinion, the focus of all Bear Frolics should be on turning the waist while stayingcentered

in the Dan Tien (Field of Exilir or Great Cauldron) of Chinese Taoist and medical lore.

The Dan Tien is near the center of the lower abdominal area between the navel (bellybutton)

and the kidneys. In Indian Yoga this personal power center is called the Manipura

Chakra orCity of Jewels energy center. The idea in the Bear is to turn from side to side, sometimes

bending down somewhat as you turn. This movement exercises the waist, hips, lower

back,

and thighs.

1. The Father Bear Turns from Side to Side

I have described this exercise in detail in my notes on the Eight Section Brocade.


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Cheng Man-ch'ing: Master of Five Excellences. Translation and commentary byMark Hennessy. Berkeley, California, Frog, Ltd., 1995. On pages 113-117,

there is "An Explanation of the "Constant Bear." Cheng Man-ch'ing (1901-1975)

was a famous Taijiquan master and Doctor of Traditional Chinese Medicine."It means "ch'ang" or constant, and refers to the constant, daily swinging to and

fro of the bear's waist. So, this move should be called The Constant Bear. The

Constant Bear combines the Five Animal Frolics and t'aichi into a single move." p. 114"I bequeath the Constant Bear movement to the elderly, the sick, and the frail.

It is a wonderful, traditional exercise which is both simple and easy. You can also

use it for self-defense until you are years old. All this is easily obtained. Although

my explanation is short and simple, if you understand its principles and practicewith perseverance, after as few as one hundred days of moving your ch'i, you

will notice a marked improvement in health and strength and no longer need to

worry about illness. It is truly a "sacred raft" to strengthen our bodies and bears no

semblance to other well know yet inferior exercises." p. 115

2. The Mother Bear Swings Her Arms from Side to Side

In 1983, while living in Hacienda Heights, California (home of the famous Hsi Lai

Buddhist Temple),

I walked most mornings at Burton Park. It was a lovely park in a suburban neighborhoodwith a large

circular concrete walking pathway. As I walked and exchanged good mornings ("Zao An

= good morning,""Ni Hao Ma = how are you") with many Chinese people, I observed many older women

gathered in small

groups and chatting as they swung their arms from side to side.

Roger Jahnke calls this exercise "Ringing the Temple Gong" in his excellent book

The Healing Promise of Qi, 2002, p. 70-71.

Description:

3. The Great Bear Raises Its Claws, Turns and Growls

Description:


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In The Healing Promise of Qi, 2002, p.73-74, Roger Jahnke calls this exhalation breath

the "Warrior's Breath." He suggests that sounding "ho," "ha," "he," 'yah', or "yo" as you

exhale might be "very satisfying."

4. The Little Bear Turns and Chases The Clouds From the Sky

The hand movements in this version of the Bear Frolic are very similar to those in theYang style

of Cloud Hands. Hold the hands more in a claw like position. The feet do not move.

Turn the

waist a bit more to the right and left side than you do in Yang Style - from 45to 110 tothe

right or left of center (facing forward).

Since I teach only the Bear Frolic in my beginning 24 Form classes, this Bear Frolic

variationgives the students some practice in the movement that they will be learning later -

coordinated

then with stepping to the side as the arms move more gracefully like floating clouds. I

introduce it with a few comments and as brief reading about that popular "Taoist Bear"Winnie the Pooh.

5. The Spirit Bear Looks Inward at the Turning Cosmos

"The Bear Spirit Posture: The name of this posture is derived from a wonderful carving

of

the Northwest Pacific Coast Indians in which the Grandfather Bear Spirit, the Great

Healer,stands behind a shaman who holds the pose. It is very old and, of all the postures, is the

most widely known. Evidence of it has been found in countries throughout the world,

andhistorically it has existed from 6,000 B. C. to the present."

- Belinda Gore, Ecstatic Body Postures, p. 49. See my comments in Zhan Zhuang.

Description:


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6. The Bear Frolics by Kenneth S. Cohen

The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing. By Kenneth S.Cohen.

Foreword by Larry Dossey. New York Ballantine Books, 1997. Index, notes,

appendices,427 pages. ISBN: 0345421094. MGC. One of my favorite books: comprehensive,

informative, practical, and scientific. A very informative introduction to the Five Animal

Frolics, and detailed descriptions of the Crane and Bear forms, with illustrations, canbe found on pages 199-209.

7. The Bear Frolics by John Du Cane

Power Qigong: The Bear and Tiger Frolics. By John Du Cane. St. Paul, Minnesota,Dragon Door Publications, 1999. Instructional HS videotape, 48 minutes. Anti-Aging

Series. ISBN: 0938045210. MGC. Master Du Cane explains and provide photographsof demonstrations of 11 Bear movements and postures, pp. 38-67.

Power Qigong: The Bear and Tiger Frolics. By John Du Cane. St. Paul, Minnesota,

Dragon Door Publications, 1999. Instructional HS videotape, 48 minutes. Anti-Aging

Series. ISBN: 0938045210. MGC.

Comments on the Practice of the Bear Frolic:

The Bear has a gentle, peaceful, and nurturing side, a Yin side, as well as, as

circumstances dictate, a fierce, powerful and destructive side, a Yang side.Both aspects must be acknowledged and integrated into the practice of

the Bear - as we try to become One with the Great Bear.

To fully experience the Five Animal Frolics we need to keep in mind the"Frolics" aspect of this movement art: being playful and exuberant,

freeing up our time for fun, delighting in bodily movements, enjoying

games of imitation, taking pleasure in the moment, and delighting in

the exercise of fantasy and imagination. We should be smiling as


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we enjoy our playful frolics. We should strive to return to our youth,

and rekindle those memories of our joyful childhood games, innocence,

freedom of fancies, and silliness. We are never too old to embracethat precious child within each of us.

"Christopher Robin and I walked alongUnder branches lit up by the moon

Posing our questions to Owl and Eeyore

As our days disappeared all too soonBut I've wandered much further today than I should

And I can't seem to find my way back to the Wood

So help me if you canI've got to get back

To the House at Pooh Corner by one

You'd be surprised

There's so much to be doneCount all the bees in the hive

Chase all the clouds from the skyBack to the days of Christopher Robin and Pooh."

- Return to Pooh Corner, Words and lyrics by Kenny Loggins, 1969, MCA Music

The most famous literary Bear is Winnie the Pooh. Over 26 million English

language books by A. A. Milne about the Pooh Bear and his friends have been

sold since 1926, the books have been translated into scores of languages,and Disney Films has made him even more famous and a lucrative commodity

line. Benjamin Hoff has explored how Pooh Bear is a quintessential "Taoist Bear."

So ... it is just fine for you to Dance like a Bear.

Become a Silly Bear for a awhile.Enjoy the real honey of just being right were you are,

here and now, content,

Pooh, it is quite easy.

References for the Bear Frolic:



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Eight Section Brocade: Big Bear Turns From Side to Side, 2004

Power Qigong: The Bear and Tiger Frolics.

Standing Bear: Valley Spirit T'ai Chi Ch'uan Level 1 Ranking Requirements

The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing, 1997, pp. 206-209.

Bears: Information, Lore, Totem, Artwork

The Bear Den

The Bear Facts

Bear Farming Animal Abuse

Bear Information and Resources Species, Myths, Essays, Links, Resources

Bear Spirit Artprint by Anderson Benally

Bear Spirit Art print by Joseph Geshick

Bear Spirit Vision

The Complete Tales and Poems of Winnie The Pooh. By A. A. Milne. Illustratedby Ernest H. Shepard. Dutton, 1926, 2001. 576 pages. ISBN: 0525467262.

Kinds of Bears


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Mark of the Bear. By the Sierra Club. Random House, 1996. 119 pages.Selected stories and essays, and photographs. ISBN: 0871569035.

Panda Bear

Panda Bear Projects for Children

Spirit Bears

The Tao of Pooh. By Benjamin Hoff. Viking Press, 1983. 158 pages.

ISBN: 0140067477.

Topics to Explore: Smokey the Bear, Bear Market, Yogi Bear, Teddy Bear

Return to Main Index

Tiger


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Tiger Frolic - General Remarks and Quotes

Attributes: Power, Courage, Ferocity

Tiger Frolic Postures and Variations

Comments on the Practice of the Tiger Frolic:

References for the Tiger Frolic:


Hidden Tiger: Valley Spirit T'ai Chi Chuan, Level 2 Ranking Requirements


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Power Qigong: An Instructional Guide to the Bear and Tiger Frolics. By John Du Cane.

Minnesota, Dragon Door Publications. Instructional videotape, 48 minutes.

Tigers: Information, Lore, Totem, Artwork


Crane


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Attributes: Relaxation, Calmness

References for the Crane Frolic:

Serenity Qigong: An Instructional Guide to the Crane Frolic.

Hatha Yoga: The Hidden Language; Symbols, Secrets and Metaphor. By Swami

Sivananda

Radha. Foreward by B.K.S. Iyengar. Spokane, Washington, Timeless Books, 1987,1995. Index, 308 pages. ISBN: 0931454743. MGC. A wonderful book filled with lore,

myths, symbols, stories, and metaphors about various yoga postures. Yoga postures that

embody

aspects of birds (pp. 180-225) include the Swan (Hamsasana), Crane (Bakasana), Eagle(Garudasana), Peacock (Mayurasana), and Cock (Kukkutasana).

Many Swans: Sun Myth of the North American Indians. By Amy Lowell.

Modern Interpretaions of the Six Swans. By Heidi Ann Heider.

Swans of the World: In Nature, History, Myth and Art. By A. Lindsay Price. Council

Oak

Distribution, 2003. 196 pages. ISBN: 0933031815.

The Twelve Wild Swans: A Journey to the Realm of Magic, Healing and Action.By Starhawk. Harper San Francisco, 2001. 352 pages. ISBN: 0062516698.

Waterfowl: An Identification Guide to the Ducks, Geese and Swans of the World. BySteve

Madge. Illustrated by Hilary Burn. Houghton Mifflin Company, Reprint Edition, 1992.

ISBN: 0395467268.

The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing, 1997, pp. 201-205.

Wild Goose Qigong: Links, Bibliography, Quotes, Notes


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Deer

Attributes: Grace, Focus


Cane.Instructional videotape, 43 minutes.


Monkey

Flexibility


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Cane.

Instructional videotape, 43 minutes.


History

Hua Tuo (110 - 207 A.D.) - Chinese Medical Doctor

Hua To (110-207 A.D.)

Chinese Doctor and Creator of the Five Animal Frolics

The Five Animal Frolics were popularized by the great Chinese physician Hua To (Hua

Tuo).Hua To lived to be 98 years old (110 - 207 A.D.).

"Hua Tuo also named Yuan Hua of Hao county in Anwei province, was the first famousChinese

surgeon. He is the first in the world to developed the use of anesthesia, and furthered the

limited


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Chinese knowledge of anatomy. When using acupuncture and herbs, he preferred simple

methods,

using a small number of acupuncture points and formulas comprised of only a few herbs.He practiced

Chi-kung and created the "Frolics of the Five Animals. ... A famous general named Zao

Caocontracted an illness called "Tou Feng". The general came to see Hua Tuo and was

advised to

have an operation. The general suspected that Hua Tuo wanted to harm him. GeneralZao Cao

ordered the death of Hua Tuo. A very loved and revered physician was lost to the world."

(1)

Few of his many written works have survived from the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 - 220

A.D.)

Hua To's outstanding disciple was Wu P'u, who wrote a description of the Frolics:

The Five Animal Classic. (2)

A manuscript titled Yun Ji Qi Qian showing the forms comes from the Song Dynasty

(960 - 1279 A.D.). A 10th century heirloom brocade from Zhejiang Province depicts the

Frolics.The Frolics are pictured and described in a Taoist encyclopedia from 1610 titled:

Yi Men Guang Du. (3)

"Hua Tuo (141-208 A.D.) was a contemporary of Zhang Zhongjing. He traveled from

town to

town treating patients and learning from other doctor's practices. He is famous for hisskill

as a surgeon and his use of anesthesia. The anesthesia was given as a powder called

mafeisan that was dissolved in a fermented drink before performing surgery. It has beensuggested the powder may have been hemp since its uses were unknown at that time.

Besides performing surgeries, Hua Tuo also recommended the use of physical exercises

for his patients. He devised movements that were similar to the movements of five

differentanimals. These were the tiger, deer, bear, monkey and bird. It is said that one of his

disciples

Wu Pu lived to be 90 years old due to these exercises. Another of Hua Tuo's disciplescalled

Fan An was a great acupuncturist. He devised methods to extend it use to the back and

thorax. Unfortunately many of Hua Tuo's works have been lost, and surgery becameunpopular

because most Chinese beliefs and laws of the time did not look favorably on it." (4)


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"Hua Tuo was born around 110 A.D., in Qiao of Peiguo (today called Haoxian or Bo)

county, in

what is now Anhui Province, one of the four major herb distribution centers of modernChina. He

lived for about 100 years, having died around 207 A.D. He was an older contemporary

of China'sfamous herbalist Zhang Zhongjing, who died around 220 A.D. In the Chronicles of the

Later Han

Dynasty, it is said that: "Knowing well the way to keep one in good health, Hua Tuo stillappeared

in the prime of his life when he was almost 100, and so was regarded as immortal." It is

said that

Cao Cao, ruler of the state of Wei, had Hua Tuo put to death for reasons that are unclear.Cao

Cao summoned him to serve as his personal physician, and either became enraged with

Hua

Tuo's hesitancy to return again later to provide more treatments or suspected anassassination

attempt when Hua Tuo suggested brain surgery as a treatment for his severe headaches.According to the Records of the Wei Dynasty (Wei Zhi), Cao Cao had Hua Tuo killed in

207 A.D. at age 97. Cao Cao's second son, Cao Pi (187-226 A.D.), became Emperor of

theWei Dynasty, taking over China upon the forced abdication of Emperor Xian; China then

collapsed into chaos, and Cao Pi was left only a few years rule of Wei, the northern

kingdom

of the "three kingdoms" that resulted from the breakdown." (5)

"There are many stories, passed down from generation to generation, as to how Hua To

cured difficult diseases. He became known as the "Magical Doctor". His principle of

resisting the onset of disease by working and doing exercises was also a majorcontribution to traditional Chinese medicine." (7)

References and Notes:

1. Chinese Medicine History

2. Drawing Silk: A Training Manual for T'ai Chi, 1988, p.6.

3. Ancient Way to Keep Fit, 1992, pp. 68-80.

4. Shen-nong Limited: History of Chinese Medicine


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5. Hua To By Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D. 22Kb. The best on-line article on Hua To.

6. "On Hua Tuo's Position in the History of Chinese Medicine." By K. W. Fan.The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, Vol. 32, No. 2., 2003.

7. Formation of the Chinese Civilization


Quotations - General

"Man's body must have exercise, but it should never be done to the point of exhaustion.

By moving

about briskly, digestion is improved, the blood vessels are opened, and illnesses areprevented.

It is like a used doorstep which never rots. As far as Tao Yin (bending and stretching

exercises) isconcerned, we have the bear's neck, the crane's twist, and swaying the waist and moving

the

joints to promote long life. Now I have created the art called the Frolics of the FiveAnimals:

the Tiger, the Deer, the Bear, the Monkey, and the Crane. It eliminates sickness, benefits

the


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legs, and is also a form of Tao Yin. If you feel out of sorts, just practice one of my

Frolics. A

gentle sweat will exude, the complexion will become rosy; the body will feel light andyou will

want to eat."

- Hua To, History of the Later Han, Translated by Paul B. Gallagher,Drawing Silk: A Training Manual for T'ai Chi, 1988, p. 6.

"An ancient text, The Spring and Autumn Annals, states that in mythic times a greatflood covered

much of China. Stagnant waters produced widespread disease. The legendary shaman-

emperor

Yu cleared the land and diverted the waters into rivers by dancing a bear dance andinvoking the

mystical power of the Big Dipper Constellation. As the waters subsided, people reasonedthat

movement and exercise can similarly cause the internal rivers to flow more smoothly,

clearing themeridians of obstructions to health. Qigong-like exercises are found on ancient rock art

panels

throughout China. Chinese shamans used these exercises and meditations to commune

withnature and natural forces and to increase their powers of healing and divination.

- Kenneth S. Cohen, What is Qigong

"Learn one of the oldest, yet perennially popular forms of exercise in the world. In the

2nd century

A.D., the great Taoist physician Hua To created a physical, energetic and mental exercisesystem

based on the movements and spirit of five animals: the crane, bear, deer, monkey, and

tiger.Develops strength, balance, focus, flexibility, courage, and calmness. Used successfully

by

thousands of people to regain health and fitness and treat chronic diseases."- Healing Tao Institute


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"The patriarch of Chinese medicine, Hua Tuo (second century A.D.) was one of the greatearly

qigong masters. His "Five Animal Frolics" imitate the movements of the Crane, Bear,

Monkey,Deer, and Tiger and are still practiced today. Hua Tuo said that just as a door hinge will

not

rust if it is used, so the body will attain health by gently moving and exercising all of thelimbs."

- Kenneth S. Cohen, What is Qigong

Making beneficial exercises interesting and enjoyable has always been a challenge tocreative people.

Hua T'o (110-207 A.D.) is one of the famous physicians of the Han Dynasty.In The History of the Later Han, Hua T'o wrote:

"Man's body must have exercise, but it should never be done to the point of exhaustion.By moving

about briskly, digestion is improved, the blood vessels are opened, and illnesses are

prevented.

It is like a used doorstep which never rots. As far as Tao Yin (bending and stretchingexercises) is

concerned, we have the bear's neck, the crane's twist, and swaying the waist and moving

thejoints to promote long life. Now I have created the art called the Frolics of the Five

Animals:

the Tiger, the Deer, the Bear, the Monkey, and the Crane. It eliminates sickness, benefitsthe

legs, and is also a form of Tao Yin. If you feel out of sorts, just practice one of my

Frolics. A

gentle sweat will exude, the complexion will become rosy; the body will feel light andyou will

want to eat."

- From: Drawing Silk: A Training Manual for T'ai Chi, p. 6.

"Born from the marriage of shamanic dance and the Chinese medical study of energy

systems,


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The Animal Frolics offer a complete self-care toolkit of accessible techniques to

transform

your health and well being."- John Du Cane, Power Qigong: The Bear and Tiger Frolics.

"In the Welsh story of Taliesin, who as Gwion Bach, transforms himself into various

animal shapes

to escape the wrath of the goddess Ceridwen. Gwion transforms himself into a hare, a

fish, a birdand finally a grain of wheat. Ceridwen in an attempt to catch him also transforms herself.

She

becomes a greyhound, an otter, a falcon and a hen. It is as a hen that she finally catches

Gwion,who is at this stage a grain of wheat, she swallows Gwion and by so doing becomes

pregnantand eventually gives birth to Taliesin."

- Kenneth R. White, Shapeshifting in Celtic Myth.

"Shapechanging in practice essentially breaks down into two main areas that for the

purposes

of discussion I've decided to call "Out of body" shifting and "Altered State" shifting. Thetwo are

related: altered state shapeshifting in particular using some of the methods of

consciousnessaltering employed in out-of-body voyages but they are sufficiently different to enable

them to

be considered separately."

- Redvane Fox

"The Five Animal Sports Qigong (, Wu Qin Xi). The Five Animal Sports is awell

known medical Qigong set created by the famous Chinese medical doctor Hua Tuo ()


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during the East Han and Three Kingdom period ( )(25-420 A.D.). This set ofmedical

Qigong imitates the natural movements of five animals. These animals are the Tiger,Deer,

Bear, Ape, and Bird. For nearly two thousand years, this set has proven very effective for

maintaining health, and for healing various illnesses."- Yang Jwing-Ming's Martial Arts Academy


XReferences Terms:

Hua To, Five Animal Frolics, Wu Hsing Chuan, Wu Win Xi,A Form of Dong Gong, Hua Tuo



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five animal frolics

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