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    FNJ Socia l M edia Survey Repor t 20 12

    Execut ive Sum m ar y

    I n Apr i l / May 20 12 , t he Federa t ion o f N epal i Journ a l i st s su rveyed i t s m embers on t he adop t ion ,use, and percept ion of impor tance of soc ia l media in the i r profess ional work . The survey

    in c luded open- r esponse i tem s, L iker t - t yp e i tems, and dem ographi c categor ies . Usable responses

    w ere r eceived f rom 1119 mem bers ( r epresen t ing abou t 14% o f FNJ m embersh ip ) f r om 71 ou t

    of 75 d i s t r ic ts . Resul t s are sum m ar ised in th is repor t .

    Key f ind i ngs:

    1 . FNJ m emb ers use soc ial m edia not on ly for comm uni cat ion but a lso for generat ing andmak in g t he i r n ew s sto r ies bet t e r t h r ough research and in f o rm at ion ve r i f i cat ion b y us ing

    soc ia l m edia.

    2 . Mem bers f rom the age group of 20-29 years of age embr aced socia l medi a and u sed i tm ost ex tens ive ly for pr ofess ional as wel l as personal advancement . This group has been

    us ing the soc ia l media for the longest durat ion of the t ime and ut i l ises the p lat forms

    be t t e r .

    3 . The m ajor i t y p erceive socia l medi a to be one of the best w ays to r each the i r audi ence asw el l as the i r co l leagues.

    4 . W hi le m ajor i t y use soc ial netw ork ing s i tes such as Facebook, they do n ot u se b logs,t oo ls l i ke Tw i t t e r t o p r omote t he i r st o r ies and ho ld d i scussions .

    5 . The respondents who have been us ing soc ia l media for var ious lengths of t ime wouldst i l l l i k e t o im prove capaci t y t o m ake a grea ter on l ine im pact .

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    Background

    W ith t he in crease in accessib i l i t y and avai lab i l i t y o f the in t ernet , use of soc ia l media is on th e

    r i se in Nepal . This has enlarged th e pr ofess ional and p ersonal spheres of ind iv idu als. How ever ,

    th is has a lso created a d iv i de w here ind iv idu als w i th in t ernet sk i l ls and access can u t i l i se the

    w eb-based d ev ices and serv ices to enh ance thei r p resence in t he cyberspace and u se i t t o th e i r

    personal advancement and p rofessional grow th . Though th i s d iv id e is s lowl y get t in g nar r ow ed;

    th e in ter net penet rat i on r ate is on ly 16.67 % in Nepal , accord i ng to Apr i l 201 2 data of the Nepal

    Te lecomm un ica t ions Au thor i t y .

    This smal l in ternet user base and s t i l l even smal ler number of content producers does not

    necessar i ly d im in i sh th e reach and im por tance of the ro l e and u se of the in t ernet in N epal . By i t s

    nature, the reach of the in ternet is not l imi ted by geographica l boundar ies and language

    bar r ie r s. Con ten t genera ted anyw here in t he w or ld i s i ns tan t l y avai lab le al l over t he w or ld .

    Rapid ly evolv ing onl ine technologies are prov id ing newer and user - f r iendly p lat forms, too ls ,

    and serv i ces t ha t a id in comm un i ca t ion and n etw ork in g . A long w i t h t he p r evalence o f e-ma i l ,

    th e in t ernet is also becomin g the resour ce and p l at form for fu l f i l l in g the var iou s soc ia l ro les for

    ind iv iduals such as soc ia l and profess ional network ing. Whi le e-mai l is usual ly l imi ted to

    communicat ing to ind iv iduals or groups based on a membership, o ther soc ia l media such as

    bl ogs, soc ial n etw ork in g webs i tes such as Faceboo k, profession al netw ork ing w ebs i tes such as

    L inked In , and o ther webs i t es can have a w ide f o l l ow ing and reach anywhere w i t h in t e rne t

    access. In t ernet is a lso ex tens ively u sed for seek ing and im par t i ng in for mat i on.1

    Context

    The r ise in accessib i l i t y and use of the in tern et in Nepal pr esents oppor tun i t ies for m edia sector

    w i th i t s enor m ous consequence in socia l , po l i t ica l , and econom ic ro le in soc iety . I t has

    br oadened the reach of th e media to not on ly Nepal is wi th access to th e in ternet bu t a lso global

    audience inc ludin g the Nepal i d i aspor a wh ich seeks news and s tor ies abou t the i r soc iety andhome. The ins tant -anywhere nature of in ternet a lso poses chal lenges to journal is ts wi th the

    need for accuracy and re l iab i l i t y as the focus is on speed, which needs to be balanced wi th

    comp leteness and accuracy, essent i a l e lement s for c r edib i l i t y .

    The in t e rn et can be a p la t f orm and m ed ium t o gather news t i ps and con ten t f o r st o r ies as w e l l

    as mainta in ing news sources. I t can a lso be a p lat form to promote s tor ies and oppor tuni ty to

    make s tor ies bet ter through research and ver i f icat ion of in format ion. I t a lso makes

    co l labora t ion and commun ica t ion eas ie r t h rough shar ing o f l i nks and t h rough d iscuss ions

    groups .

    The in ternet , and onl ine news publ ish ing and d is t r ibut ion in par t icu lar , has a lso changed theway jou rna l i s t s commun ica te w i t h t he i r r eaders . Commun ica t ion i s now bo th ways , w i t h

    oppor tuni t ies for in terac t ion, to answer readers ' concerns and comments . Hence, ta i lor ing the

    new s and s tor ies to the in t ernet aud ience is essent ia l , w hich seeks spec i f ic and b r i e f overv i ew of

    evolv ing s tor ies as w el l as nu anced analys is of develop m ents in soc iety .

    1For a m ore detai led survey of use of social m edia by journal ists worldw ide, see Journ alist and Social M edia:

    2011 National Survey on Nepali Journalists, Cent er fo r M edia Research Nepal, 2012 (June)

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    I t is in th is contex t , th is survey was under taken to measure the use and fami l iar i t y o f soc ia l

    m edia by Nepal i jour nal is ts and t o under s tand the i r n eeds as socia l medi a p lays ever lar ger r o le

    in how news is produced and d is t r ibuted to an in ternet audience. The survey a lso seeks to

    unders tand t he adop t ion o f socia l m ed ia and percep t ion o f i t s u t i l i t y va lue in t he i r p ro fessiona l

    sphere. Thi s stu dy a lso und erscores the op por tun i t ies and chal lenges in t he issues of sk i l ls in

    th e use of soc ial m edia.

    Research Process

    The survey was admin is t e red on l ine , w i t h e -ma i l and t e lephone f o l l ow-ups t o t he members

    pr omp t ing t hem to par t i c ipa te in t he su rvey , w h ich re f lect s t he use and ease o f com for t i n us ing

    in tern et by the m emb ers . Therefor e, the respond ents repr esent FNJ m emb ers wh o are al r eady

    fam i l i a r w i t h t he in t e rn et .

    The survey w as admi n is tered th rou gh Sur veyMonk ey, a web-based pol l ing and survey serv i ce.

    The sur vey w as open t o a l l t he memb ers f rom 16 A pr i l , 2012 and c losed 15 M ay 20 12 . Th is

    (on l ine ) m ethod o f su rvey adm in is t ra t ion p r esen ted a chal lenge t o t he r espond en t s w i t h t he

    need t o be f am i l i a r w i t h t he su rvey des ign and p ro f i c ien t i n use o f t he compute rs and w i t haccess to the in ternet , which can be gauged by the number of to ta l as wel l as incomplete

    responses.

    For t he pu rposes o f t h i s repor t , t he opera t iona l de f in i t i on o f t he t e rm s in t e rne t and socia l m ed ia

    can be synonymous and encompass the range of p la t forms and serv ices, and has been used

    in terchangeably . A lso, soc ial n etw ork s are t aken to d enote onl i ne p lat for m s such as Facebook,

    L inked In among o thers.

    Findings

    Respondents

    At th e end of the sur vey per iod , a to ta l o f 1119 r espond ents had taken par t i n th e sur vey. Out of

    t he respond en t s , 1079 (96 .4% ) had comp le ted t he quest ionn a i re and / o r p rov id ed mean ing fu l l y

    va l id responses. The tota l number of respondents represents about 14% of the FNJ

    m em bersh ip , w i t h 11 .7% fema les and 88 .3% m a les, wh ich co r respond t o t h e ma le -f em a le ra t io

    of m emb ership base of th e FNJ.

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    Mor e than a quar t er o f the r espon dents have a m aster s degree and less than a quar ter h ave a

    cer t i f icate level o f edu cat ion . About 45 % of th e respond ents have a bachelor s degree.

    The responden t s a re f rom 71 d is t r i c t s . The d is t r i c t s w i t h no responden t s were Ba i t ad i ,

    Kanchanpur , Manang, and Salyan. About 1% of the respondents are f rom about hal f o f the

    dis t r ic ts in the survey, which is about the same as the number of the respondents f rom

    Kathmandu Val ley .

    The responden t s a re p redom inan t l y young w i t h sign i f i can t num ber o f sen io r j ou rn a l i st s . The

    la rgest g rou p o f r espond en t s are f rom the age group o f 20 -29 years (45 .3% ) ; f o l l owed by 30-39

    years (35.2%) about 4.6% of the respond ents w ere above 50 years of age.

    0 %

    5 %

    1 0 %

    1 5 %

    2 0 %

    2 5 %

    3 0 %

    3 5 %

    4 0 %

    4 5 %5 0 %

    SLC Cer t i f i cate L evel Bachelor s M aster s Oth er s

    Academ ic Qual i f icat ion

    Less th an 190.4%

    20-2945.3%

    30-3935.2%

    40-4914.5%

    50 and above4.6%

    Age ( in year s)

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    The average work ing exper ience of the respondents at 10.5 years ; about 50% of the

    respondent s have m ore th an 10 years of exper i ence. Som e of the respondent s have mor e than

    40 years of exper ience.

    Mos t o f t he respond en t s w ork f u l l t im e and p redomin an t l y i n p r i n t j ou r na l i sm . Three-f our t hs o f

    t he respond en t s w ork f u l l t im e and r est w ork par t t im e and as f reelancers.

    Abou t 64 .5% o f t he respond en t s w ork i n t he p r in t m ed ia and 3 7 .8% in r ad io . Sl igh t l y mor e t han

    one-f our t h o f t he responden t s wor k on t e lev is ion . Abou t 12 .2% w ork f o r on l in e med ia . On ly

    about 2% of the respondents are involved in a l l forms of media; however , s ign i f icant ly , more

    than 9 0% o f t hese a re from ou t s ide t he Ka thmandu Va l ley .

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    8 0 %

    Ful l t i m e Par t t im e Fr eel an ce Oth er s

    N a ture o f Em ploy me nt

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    New spap er Rad i o Tel ev isi on Fi lm On l i n e Other s

    M e d iu m o f W o r k

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    I n te r n et u sa g e

    Most of the respond ents access the in tern et da i ly , pr im ar i ly f r om t hei r o f f ices w i th an average of

    4.32 hou rs per d ay spent onl i ne. Out of the t o ta l respond ents , 87.6% access th e in tern et da i ly . Of

    th ose respon dents w ho access th e in tern et da i ly , 80.5% do so f rom of f ices , and about 51.3% of

    th e respon dents a lso access the net f r om thei r h om es and 1 2.6% f rom mob i le dev ices.

    About 16% of the respondents use cybercafs to access the in ternet da i ly , represent ing a

    pop ulat ion w i th out p ersonal means to access the in t ernet , and ref lec ts the i r eagerness bu t a lso

    th e necessity to access th e inter net on a dai ly basis.

    Of al l t he respondent s, 76.2% of the respondent s use in tern et f rom th ei r o f f ices. Abou t 49.7%

    access the in ternet f r om t hei r h omes, w i t h 23.1% accessin g the net f rom thei r m obi l e dev ices.

    87.6%

    8.4%1.7% 0.5% 0.3% 1.3% 0.2%

    Dai ly 2 / 3 t im esa week

    One aweek

    2 / 3 t i m esa mon t h

    Once am o n t h

    So m et i m es Ot h er s

    Frequency of Inter net Use( in pe rc enta ge)

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    8 0 %

    9 0 %

    Of fi ce H om e M obi l e Cyber cafe Ot her s

    Accessing In tern et From

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    Most of t he responden ts alw ays use a desktop to access the in t ernet , and about hal f use a lapto p

    and on e- th i rd u se mob i le dev ices to access the in tern et . Mor e than one- th i r d of th e respon dents

    som et im es use laptop and m obi le dev ices to access the in t ernet .

    Socia l m edia

    Alm ost al l t h e responden t s a re f am i l i a r w i t h va r ious socia l ne tw orks and u se t hem m ost l y f o r

    personal pu rpo ses. About 69.9% of t he respond ents use Facebook for personal use and hal f o f

    them use i t for both personal and profess ional purposes whi le 6% of the respondents use i t

    exclus ive ly for p ro fess ional pur poses. Abou t h al f o f the r espond ents use Tw i t t er and YouTu be

    fo r personal use and a round 2 0% do n o t use t hem a t a l l . Abou t 40 % o f t he responden t s use

    L inked In f o r p r o fessiona l ne tw ork in g . Sl igh t l y m ore t han 28 % o f t he respond en t s use W ik iped ia

    both for personal and profess ional purposes. There is a t rend towards onl ine presence wi th

    46.8% of the respondent s w i th th e i r personal b logs and w i th 9.4% us ing b logs for pr ofess ional

    purposes. However , there is s ign i f icant gap wi th about one- f i f th not us ing b logs at a l l . Whi le

    47.2% do n ot use RSS feeds, abou t 1 1.5% use i t for pr ofess ional use.

    81 1

    16 7

    3 0 2

    39 5

    2 68

    60 2 2

    191 1 9 612 2

    6 311 11 1 4

    1 8 3

    A lw ays Som et im es Rar ely N ev er

    Device used for In tern et Access

    (n o. of r espondent s)Desk top Laptop M ob i le Ph one T ablet

    0

    10 020 0

    30 0

    40 0

    50 0

    60 0

    70 0

    80 0

    Use of Social Netw or k(n o. of r espondent s)

    Personal

    Professional

    Personal andProfessional

    Never use

    Th ink ing o fusing

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    Lang ua ge for social m edia

    The respondents use Engl ish and a mix ture of Nepal i fonts and Romanised Nepal i on l ine.

    Abou t 73.2% of th e respon dents use Engl ish onl ine. Nepal i is used in t hr ee form s onl ine; 58% of

    the respondents use Nepal i Unicode and 15.3% use t rad i t ional Nepal i fonts to communicate

    onl i ne. In t erest in g ly , a lmost one- th i rd of the respon dents use Romani sed Nepal i .

    Use of socia l m edia

    Mor e t han tw o-t h i r ds o f t he respond en t s use socia l n e twor ks f o r t he i r p ro fessiona l w ork t o

    comm un icate and seek and exchange in form at ion. About 71 .2% of th e respon dent s use soc ia l

    ne tw orks t o com mu n icate and 6 5 .2% to seek new in f o rm at ion . A l i t t l e more t han 55 % o f t he

    respondent s use i t for exchanging and gather i ng in form at ion. About 37 % of the respondent s use

    i t f o r r esearch and sim i la r num ber i t f o r n e twor k ing . Mor e t han one-t h i rd o f t he respond en t s

    use socia l netw ork s for n ew id eas and pr ofess ional develop ment . Soc ial netw ork s have becom e

    a sign i f i can t source o f i n f o rm at ion , w i t h 2 7 .9% o f t he respond en t s using i t t o ve r i f y i n f o rm at ion

    received, and m ore than 18 .1% use socia l m edia to publ ish and d is t r ibu te cont ents onl in e.

    0.0%

    10.0%

    20.0%

    30.0%

    40.0%

    50.0%

    60.0%

    70.0%

    80.0%

    Nepali Unicode Nepali

    (Traditional)

    Romanised

    Nepali

    English Others

    Language Used Online

    0%

    1 0%

    2 0%

    3 0%

    4 0%

    5 0%

    6 0%

    7 0%

    8 0%

    Commun

    ica

    tion

    Ne

    twor

    king

    Exc

    hangeo

    f

    Mu

    ltime

    dia

    See

    king

    New

    Informa

    tion

    Pro

    fess

    iona

    l

    Capac

    ity

    Exc

    hangeo

    f

    Informa

    tion

    News

    New

    Ideas

    Ver

    ifica

    tiono

    f

    Informa

    tion

    Pu

    blis

    hingand

    Distribu

    tion

    Ins

    titutiona

    l

    Deve

    lopmen

    t

    Research

    Others

    Use of Social Netw or ks in Jour na lism

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    Du ra t ion of socia l media use

    Major i t y o f the respondents who have been us ing the soc ia l networks the longest are ut i l is ing

    soc ia l medi a to t he i r best p rofession al use. Abou t 47 .5% of the r espond ents have been us ing

    soc ia l netw ork s for m or e th an three years for var io us purp oses; th ree- four th of them use i t for

    com mu n icat ion ; 69 .8% to seek new in f o rm at ion . Sl igh t l y m ore t han 60 % use socia l ne tw orks

    fo r i n f o rm at ion exchange and t o seek in f o rm at ion abou t news , and 32 .7% use i t t o ve r i f y

    in f o rmat ion abou t s t o r ies . More t han 43% o f t he responden t s use soc ia l ne tworks f o r

    profess ional network ing and development and research, wi th about 21.11% us ing soc ia l

    ne tw orks t o p ub l i sh and d is t r i bu te con ten t on l in e. And 27 % use socia l med ia f o r i ns t i t u t i ona l

    developm ent . In t erest in g ly , th is group i s f rom th e ages 20-29 years and 81 .6% are fu l l - t im e

    jou r n al i st s w i t h at l east a b ach el or s d egr ee.

    One-four th of the r espon dents have been us ing socia l m edia for tw o t o th ree years. Of theserespond en t s, 73 .1% use i t f o r com m un icat ion and 31 .4% fo r n etw ork in g . Abou t 63 .9% use

    socia l med ia t o seek n ew in f o rm at ion and 59 .3% to exchange in f o rm at ion . 50 .5% use i t f o r new s

    sources and 29.8% use i t to seek new ideas. At the same t ime, 24.9% use i t to ver i f y

    i n f o r m a t i o n .

    Those respond ents wh o are r ecent users of soc ial m edia ut i l i se i t th e least . Abou t 20.8% of th e

    respondents have been us ing soc ia l networks for one to two years . Whi le the i r use of soc ia l

    med ia f o r commun ica t ion , ne twork ing , and p ro fess iona l pu rposes i s j us t be low longer - t ime

    users , on ly about 25.2% of th ese r espon dents u se soc ia l m edia for the i r pr ofess ional

    deve lopment .

    Im p o r ta n ce an d r each o f soc ia l m ed ia

    Of the to ta l respondents , 45.4% of the respondents t ry to be onl ine whenever poss ib le. This

    at tempt to s tay onl ine is a lso ref lec ted by the impor tance at tached by the respondents to the

    ro le of soc ia l media in reaching the target audience and for profess ional needs and

    developm ent , w i th 54 .6% of the respon dents perceiv in g soc ia l media as being very im por tant to

    reach the i r v iewers , readers , and onl ine l is teners whi le 41.7% accept i t s impor tance to reach

    th ei r target aud ience.

    6.4%

    20.8%

    25.3%

    47.5%

    Length of Socia l Netw or k U se

    Less than on e year

    1 to 2 yea rs

    2 to 3 yea rs

    3 years o r m ore

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    A high nu mb er of respon dents recognise the impo r tant r o le of socia l m edia in the i r pr ofess ional

    l i ne o f wor k . More t han 90% o f t he respond en t s f ee l soc ial m ed ia i s impor t an t o r ve ry im por t an tfor im pr ov in g profess ional capac i ty , and 8 5.6% of th e respond ents see the im por tance of soc ia l

    network as sources of news and ver i f icat ion of in format ion and 84.6% for research. The

    respondents a lso see the potent ia l o f us ing soc ia l networks to publ ish and d is t r ibute content

    on l ine ; 74 .2% o f t hem feel t ha t socia l ne tw ork w i l l p lay an imp or t an t r o le . Abou t 82 .1% o f t he

    r esp ond ents see th e imp or tance of social med ia for get t in g access to p ress releases.

    Sources of story, in form at ion , new story id ea

    Major i t y o f t he respondent s appear to u se soc ia l media ex tensive ly in the i r pr ofess ional l ine of

    w ork f o r sources o f st o ry and seek n ew i n f o rm at ion and s to ry idea. Abou t 7 0 .3% and 52 .9% o f

    V er y I m po r t an t5 4 %

    I m po r t an t4 2%

    N e i t her I m po r an tno r U n i m po r t an t

    3 %

    D on ' t k now1%

    Percpet ion of Socia l Media for Reaching out to Audience

    0

    200

    400

    600

    800

    1000

    1200

    Develo

    pmentof

    ProfessionalCapacity

    Improvin

    gRelations

    w

    ith

    N

    ews

    Source/

    Verification

    Research

    Publishingand

    Distribution

    Upd

    atingNews

    ContactingExperts

    Acc

    esstoPress

    Releases

    Role of Social Netw or k in Jour nalism

    StronglyDisagree

    Disagree

    Nei ther Agreenor D isagree

    Agree

    StronglyAgree

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    the respondents re ly on personal contac ts and ta lks wi th exper ts respect ive ly for generat ing

    new s tory id eas, and 60.9% of the respondents use w eb searches to come up w i th new ideas,

    in c luding 16 % w ho r ead b l ogs. Abou t hal f o f the respond ents use socia l netw or ks for sources of

    s tor ies , and 38.5% and 4 7.5% of th e respon dent u se fax and e-mai l p ress r e leases respect ive ly

    as the i r sour ces of new s.

    Abou t 47 .9% ge t t he i r st o ry ideas f rom o ther med ium s, creat ing a s i t ua t ion o f i ncestuous

    re la t ionsh ip w here in f o rm at ion and sto r ies come f r om a v i r t uou s ci r c le . Though t h i s m i gh t be

    due to weak ins t i tu t ional setup and suppor t , th is ra ises the spect re of p lag iar ism and poor

    pr ofession al e th ics .

    Reaching out

    Despi t e incr eas ing re l iance on socia l m edia to generate s tory i deas, a major i t y o f r espon dents

    s t i l l fee l d i r ect ta lks and t e leph one to b e the eas iest w ay to conn ect w i th readers , l is teners , and

    audience. This is fo l lowed by e-mai l and SMS (shor t message serv ice) at 64.3% and 37.3%

    respect ive ly . How ever , 66.2% bel i eve target audience can be reached t hr ough socia l netw ork s ,

    w h i le 21 .7% be l ieve w ebsi t es are t h e best w ay t o connec t w i t h r eaders .

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    8 0 %

    We

    bsearc

    h

    Newspaper

    an

    dFaxe

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    Press

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    leases

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    aile

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    leases

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    ial

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    twor

    ks

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    tac

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    diums

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    Uti l isation of Social M edia

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    Telephon e is fe l t t o b e th e eas iest m edium to contact o ther jour nal is ts for 80 .4% of

    th e respondents . Soc ial n etw ork s serve the same pu rp ose for 7 3.5% of th e respon dents and

    e-mai l for 65.2%. About 46.2% of the respondents prefer d i rec t ta lks . However , 27.2% prefer

    onl i ne m essenger serv ice to contact o th er fe l low jour nal is ts.

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    8 0 %

    Direc

    tTa

    lks

    Ma

    il(pos

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    ial

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    twor

    ks(

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    Connect ing wi th the Audience

    0 %

    1 0 %

    2 0 %

    3 0 %

    4 0 %

    5 0 %

    6 0 %

    7 0 %

    8 0 %

    9 0 %

    Direc

    tTa

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    twor

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    itter

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    line

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    We

    bs

    ite

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    Connect ing w i th oth er Jour nal is ts

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    F NJ M em b er Co mm u n icat ion s

    W ith the advent o f e-m ai l and spr ead of soc ial n etw ork s , th e use of the p osta l serv ice, except for

    bu lk d e l i very and im por t an t d ocum ents, seem s t o be decl in in g . Mor e t han 51% w ou ld no t p r e fe r

    to receive anyth ing through the posta l serv ice. Ins tead, major i t y o f the respondents would

    prefer the use of soc ia l media and emai l to receive news and in format ion f rom the FNJ, wi th

    90.8% of the respon dents pr efer r ing emai l and 71 .5% SM S. Mor e of the respon dent s pr efer t o

    receive not i f icat ion s thr ough Facebook grou p/ page th an Google/ Yahoo group s and e lect r onic

    new slet ters comb ined. How ever , 68.4% of t he respon dents pr efer t he FNJ w ebsi te to get

    not ices. In t erest in g ly , 68.1% o f the r espon dents w ould pr efer d i r ects v is i t by FNJ.

    The respon dents w ho have been us ing socia l medi a for var iou s lengths of t im e woul d st i l l l i ke to

    improve capac i ty to make a greater on l ine presence. About 47.6% would l ike to spec ia l isat ion

    t ra in ing on us ing Facebook ef fec t ive ly to reach out to greater audience. But major i t y o f the

    respondents would l ike a beginner s t ra in ing on us ing Twi t ter , YouTube, L inkedIn, s tar t ing a

    blog, and webpage des ign. About 59.1% would l ike t ra in ing on us ing RSS newsfeed to a id in

    t he i r p r o fessiona l w ork .

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