forest harvesting and water quality (scarp professional project presentation)
DESCRIPTION
Master's professional project presentation. A twenty-minute presentation that summarizes the final report, titled Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed.TRANSCRIPT
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016School of Community and Regional Planning, UBC
SCARP Professional Project Presentation
Supervisor: Dr. Jordi Honey-Rosés (SCARP, UBC)Second Reader: Sarah Thomas (Watershed Forest Alliance)
June 14, 2016 West Mall Annex 150, UBC
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Vancouver
Nanaimo
Victoria
Port Alberni
China Creek Community Watershed
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC0 2010 40
KM
100%0%Forest Cover (2000)
Context•China Creek Community Watershed:
Port Alberni’s water supply
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
“Water defines our city. It’s our history and our future. It’s essential, it’s powerful, it’s precious and it’s something we can’t take for granted.” (Slepian 2016)— Mike Ruttan, Mayor of Port Alberni
“Logging on these steep old-growth slopes has a high potential to alter the quality and rate of water flow and the streams’ courses. [Cutblocks above China Creek] should never have been logged.” (Hume, 2015)— Scott Fraser, MLA for Alberni-Pacific Rim
“Water is a basic human right, and I am gravely concerned about the negative long-term impacts that logging in and above China Creek watershed will have on First Nations and all people with whom we share the Valley.” (Wilderness Committee, 2014)— Judith Sayers, Former Chief, Hupacasath First Nation
They have every right to log. All we’re asking is for the protection of the watershed.” (Slepian, 2015b)— Denis Sauvé, Port Alberni City Councillor
Quotes from Influential Stakeholders
Context•China Creek Community Watershed:
Port Alberni’s water supply
•Local concern about logging
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Source: TJ Watt
Context•China Creek Community Watershed:
Port Alberni’s water supply
•Local concern about logging
•Study objective
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Sources: Center for Biological Diversity; Marmot Recovery FoundationSource: TJ Watt
Queen Charlotte Goshawk
Vancouver Island Marmot
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services OLD GROWTH FOREST CRITICAL WILDLIFE HABITAT
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Source: Our Children’s Trust Source: Vancouver Island University
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services HIGH VALUE FISHERIES KARST FORMATIONS
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Source: Sarah Thomas
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services WATER QUANTITY CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Source: TJ Watt Source: TJ Watt
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services EROSION & LANDSLIDE
PREVENTIONCULTURAL & AESTHETIC
VALUES
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Source: Ehsan Mousavi
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services
•Turbidity
Low turbidity High turbidity
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
4-3-2-1-0 Drinking Water Objective
•4: 4-log (99.99%) reduction in viruses;•3: 3-log (99.9%) removal or inactivation of parasites;•2: Two treatment processes for all surface water or unprotectedgroundwater,usuallyfiltrationanddisinfection;
•1: Maintaining a turbidity of less than 1 NTU;•0: Zero bacterial Indicators (E. Coli, fecal coliform and total
coliform)
Water Quality•Ecosystem features and services
•Turbidity
•4-3-2-1-0 Drinking Water Objective
Source: Medical Health Officer & Vancouver Island Health Authority, 2012
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Sources: PJ Bell (top); TJ Watt (bottom left & right)
Natural Forest Hydrology• Interception
• Impededsurfaceflow
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Sources: PJ Bell (top); TJ Watt (bottom left & right) Source: TJ Watt
• Interception
• Impededsurfaceflow
•Absorb&filter
•Riparian vegetation
Natural Forest Hydrology
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Logging Impacts•Numerous risks
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Logging Impacts•Numerous risks
•Logging roads
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Logging Impacts•Numerous risks
•Logging roads
•Harvesting
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Other Turbidity Sources•Sourceidentificationischallenging
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Other Turbidity Sources•Sourceidentificationischallenging
•Anthropogenic sources
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Other Turbidity Sources•Sourceidentificationischallenging
•Anthropogenic sources
•Natural sources
Source: TJ WattSources: West Coast Edge (top); Joe Zaldivar (bottom)
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
KM631.50
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC
LegendRoads
Streams
Lakes & RiversChina Creek Community WatershedMcFarland Community Watershed
Municipal Water IntakeAlberni-Clayoquot Regional DistrictRegional District of NanaimoCowichan Valley Regional DistrictPublic Land under Tree Farm Licence 44
Private Land
China Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin Ridge
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
Total land base: 94,872,896 ha
Private Ownership4,188,346 ha
Crown Federal1,037,102 ha
Crown Provincial89,512,571 ha
First Nations134,878 ha
Total land base:5,681 ha
Private:Island Timberlands4,958 ha
Crown Provincial387 ha
Private: TimberWest
336 ha
PRO
VIN
CE O
F B.C.
CCCW
Sources: Ministry of Forests, Mines and Lands, 2010; Koers and Associates Engineering Ltd., 2016
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining
Source: BC Archives
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining– Hydroelectric power generation
Source: Butt & Hughes-Adams (2014) Source: BC Archives
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining– Hydroelectric power generation– Recreation
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining– Hydroelectric power generation– Recreation– Logging » Historical
Source: TJ Watt Source: Museum at Campbell River
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining– Hydroelectric power generation– Recreation– Logging » Historical» Recent
KM631.50
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC
LegendRoads
Streams
Lakes & RiversChina Creek Community WatershedMcFarland Community Watershed
Municipal Water IntakeAlberni-Clayoquot Regional DistrictRegional District of NanaimoCowichan Valley Regional DistrictPublic Land under Tree Farm Licence 44
Private Land
China Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin Ridge
100%0%
Defined as canopy closure for all vegetation taller than 5m in height
KM631.50
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC
LegendRoads
Streams
Lakes & RiversChina Creek Community WatershedMcFarland Community Watershed
Municipal Water IntakeAlberni-Clayoquot Regional DistrictRegional District of NanaimoCowichan Valley Regional DistrictPublic Land under Tree Farm Licence 44
Private Land
China Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin RidgeChina Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin Ridge
Loss Gain
Forest Cover Loss & Gain (2000–2014)Forest Cover (2000)
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Watershed Overview
KM631.50
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC
LegendRoads
Streams
Lakes & RiversChina Creek Community WatershedMcFarland Community Watershed
Municipal Water IntakeAlberni-Clayoquot Regional DistrictRegional District of NanaimoCowichan Valley Regional DistrictPublic Land under Tree Farm Licence 44
Private Land
China Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin Ridge
2000 2014
KM631.50
Sources: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA; DataBC
LegendRoads
Streams
Lakes & RiversChina Creek Community WatershedMcFarland Community Watershed
Municipal Water IntakeAlberni-Clayoquot Regional DistrictRegional District of NanaimoCowichan Valley Regional DistrictPublic Land under Tree Farm Licence 44
Private Land
China Creek
Bainbridge
LizardLake
Lake
McLaughlin Ridge
100%0%
Defined as canopy closure for all vegetation taller than 5m in height
Forest Cover Loss Events by Year (2000–2014)Forest Cover (2000)•Regulatory framework
•Private ownership
•Land uses– Mining– Hydroelectric power generation– Recreation– Logging » Historical» Recent
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Review of Existing Studies•No impact at the moment
•Difficulttoidentifyturbiditysources
•Legacy & non-forestry uses as issues
•Good water quality
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Questions & RecommendationsAre provincial institutions and legislation adequately managing source water and protecting community watershed ecosystems in British Columbia?
•Complex regulations
•Potentialconfusion&inefficiency
•Source water protection
1.
Source: TJ Watt
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Questions & RecommendationsAre the laws governing forestry on private land sufficient to ensure the protection of drinking water sources?
•Negative perception of private regulations
•Private considers fewer elements
•Community watershed designation
•Recommendations
2.
Source: Watershed Forest Alliance (2014)
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Questions & RecommendationsWho should have control over a community’s water supply?
•B.C. case studies
•Protection does not guarantee water quality
•Government concerns
•Co-management
3.
Source: Ancient Forest Alliance
Patrick J. BellM.A. Planning Candidate, 2016
SCARP, UBCCONTEXT | SCIENCE & LAWS | WATERSHED | STUDY REVIEW | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSION
June 14, 2016Forest Harvesting and Water Quality: A Case Study of the China Creek Community Watershed
Closing Thoughts
Source: TJ Watt
To view the full report, visit: issuu.com/pjonahbell