NAICS 323 + 561439

General Commercial Printing +

Photocopying Services

Exclusive Commentary from Dr. Joe Webb and Richard Romano

1

NAICS 323 + 561439

Exclusive Commentary

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services [NAICS 323 + 561439]

This category is a rollup up Printing and Related Support Activities and Photocopying services. The

Bureau of the Census definition for these business classifications are as follows.

General Commercial Printing (NAICS 323)

Industries in the Printing and Related Support Activities subsector print products, such as

newspapers, books, labels, business cards, stationery, business forms, and other materials,

and perform support activities, such as data imaging, platemaking services, and bookbinding.

The support activities included here are an integral part of the printing industry, and a

product (a printing plate, a bound book, or a computer disk or file) that is an integral part of

the printing industry is almost always provided by these operations.

Processes used in printing include a variety of methods used to transfer an image from a

plate, screen, film, or computer file to some medium, such as paper, plastics, metal, textile

articles, or wood. The printing processes employed include, but are not limited to,

lithographic, gravure, screen, flexographic, digital, and letterpress.

This subsector includes printing on clothing because the production process for that activity

is printing, not clothing manufacturing. For instance, the printing of T-shirts is included in

this subsector. In contrast, printing on fabric (or grey goods) is not included. This activity is

part of the process of finishing the fabric and is included in the Textile Mills subsector in

Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills

Photocopying Services (NAICS 561439)

This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments generally known as copy centers or shops

primarily engaged in providing photocopying, duplicating, blueprinting, and other document

copying services, without also providing printing services (e.g., offset printing, quick

printing, digital printing, prepress services) and (2) establishments(except private mail

centers) engaged in providing a range of office support services (except printing services),

such as document copying services, facsimile services, word processing services, on-site PC

rental services, and office product sales.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Commentary (continued)

NAICS 323 is the broadest possible definition of the printing industry, and includes pre- and postpress

services, as well as additional support activities.

This is a special combination of NAICS prepared especially for this report. It is a recognition that many

of the photocopying locations sell their services as “printing” and many of those locations were

previously quick printing businesses that have divested their small offset equipment, especially

duplicators. These businesses remain prospects for digital printing equipment and also binding and

finishing capabilities. The Census Bureau does not consider these industries as being related, but for

practical business purposes, many smaller customers consider them as offering the same services.

This particular combination of NAICS is all of NAICS 323 which includes book printing, screen

printing, and pre- and post-press services.

The commentary below refers to the combined data. Each NAICS, and each of the individual print

markets, is covered in separate commentary and data sheets.

Geographic Distribution

• California (13.2%), Texas (7.0%), and New York (6.5%) are the three biggest states for

printing and printing-related establishments and photocopying services.

• New York-Newark-Jersey City (7.0%), Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim (6.1%), and

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin (4.1%) and are the top three metro areas for printing and

printing-related establishments and photocopying services.

• In general, Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) are urbanized areas that have at least

50,000 people. Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs) are much larger metropolitan population

regions that include MSAs as well as associated bordering areas. For more details, please

refer to the “Key Terms and Definitions” beginning on page 8 of this report.

• The top two combined statistical areas (CSAs) are:

Combined Statistical Area New York Los Angeles % of All Establishments 8.2% 7.3%

Establishments 2,506 2,224

Employees 32,643 30,442

Payroll $1.6 Billion $1.3 Billion

Sales $5.4 Billion $4.9 Billion

Capital Expenditures $153 Million $136 Million

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Commentary (continued) Demographics

Establishments

• All told, there were, in 2015, 30,662 establishments in these combined categories.

The majority (71%) of these establishments are small (1 to 9 employees), almost

one-fourth (22%) are mid-sized (10 to 49 employees), and only 6% have 50+

employees.

From 2013 to 2015, these establishments declined by -4.0%.

• Since 2010, the number of establishments in this category has declined by

-12.8%.

• From 2014 to 2015, the number of establishments declined by -1.6%.

Establishment decline was consistent across all size categories.

• As the individual data and commentary sheets show, the establishment declines (and

related demographics) vary by individual printing market.

The prepress and postpress components (more so the former) of this aggregate

group contributes the greatest to the establishment decline.

Employees

• In 2015, there were a total of 494,966 employees in printing and printing-related

establishments and photocopying services.

• Overall employment in this classification has declined from 2014 to 2015 by

-1.9%.

Photocopying service employment by itself grew in this period.

• Payroll has been growing modestly across nearly all size classifications.

From 2014 to 2015, overall payroll for printing and printing-related

establishments and photocopying services grew +1.2%.

• This is far below the extent to which photocopying service payroll grew by

itself.

Revenues/Value of Shipments

• In 2015, printing and printing-related establishments and photocopying services reported

sales of $87.6 billion.

• Large establishments accounted for more two-thirds (67%) of sales, mid-size shops

accounted for 24%, and small shops accounted for 9% of sales.

Among photocopying services alone, smaller establishments account for a greater

percentage of overall sales.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Commentary (continued) Capital Expenditures

• In 2015, printing and printing-related establishments and photocopying services spent

$2.5 billion on capital expenditures.

The vast bulk of those outlays came from the commercial printing component.

• 61% of those outlays were by large (50+-employee) establishments, 30% by mid-size

establishments, and 9% by small establishments.

Technology Impacts and Competitive Trends Impact and trends vary according to print market (see individual sheets for more detail). Some

highlights include:

General Commercial Printing

• The last “good” year for commercial printing shipments/revenues was 1998 when inflation

-adjusted shipments and employees reached their peak.

• Impact of the Internet/electronic media on demand for printed materials has been long-

documented.

• Digital printing (toner-based) became a driving force for print in late 1990s.

Digital inkjet printing is having a similar effect in 2010s.

• A long-term trend is increasing number of short-run vs. long-run jobs.

Versioning, customization, personalization, targeting are all driving down run

lengths.

• Automation in all parts of the enterprise is increasingly mandatory.

• Increasing reliance on automated workflows has not seriously impacted overall

employment.

Consolidation and closures are more of a factor on employment levels.

• Migration of some/all aspects of the enterprise to the cloud is important for maximizing

production efficiencies.

As well as improving acquisition appeal.

• Over the past two decades, industry has seen tremendous consolidation.

• Much of commercial print has been commoditized.

• Web-to-print/ecommerce increasingly important for print buyers.

Templated approach to commodity print a competitive advantage.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Commentary (continued)

• Focus on “marketing services” a priority for many establishments.

However, the challenge is to know what that really means/entails.

• Prepress brought in-house 10+ years ago; binding and finishing now competitive

differentiators.

• New emphasis on expanding into specialty items.

Wide-format printing, sign and display, ad specialties, other unique niches.

Screen printing

• Growth in printed specialty items is driving this industry.

• Industrial printing also an important component of screen printing.

Demand for shorter runs is driving adoption of digital technologies like UV inkjet

presses and digital dye-sublimation.

• Customization and personalization are also major drivers.

• Research conducted by trade associations (like SGIA) have found increases in mixed

digital/analog shops.

• Versatility of digital technologies allows screen printers to expand the range of products

they can offer.

• Digital technologies also increase competition from shops outside traditional screen.

Book printing

• Small/self-publishing driving a lot of book publishing today.

• Digital printing transforming “vanity” publishing into a viable publishing model.

• Book printing was seen as an early market for production inkjet.

• Amazon CreateSpace and other online book publishing/distribution sites enabling growth.

• Competition from ebooks more acute in small/self-publishing than mainstream trade book

publishing.

Support activities for print (prepress/postpress)

• The combination of both pre- and postpress services in this classification obscures overall

trends.

• Prepress services as a business class have been declining since the 1990s, thanks to in-

house prepress and growth of digital printing.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Commentary (continued)

• Postpress services such as binding and finishing are faring better thanks to better

automation and therefore productivity.

As well as the growth of “digital embellishments” (Scodix, MGI, Highcon).

• Competition for businesses in this category comes from printers insourcing these abilities.

• Prepress is the most susceptible to insourcing—if not complete elimination—although

some film output likely still exists.

• As printers adopt digital printing—especially production inkjet—complementary finishing

capabilities, inline or nearline, are becoming top considerations.

• Offering digital embellishment services is perhaps the best competitive advantage for

businesses specializing in finishing.

Photocopying services:

• Home/office technology—desktop/network printers, e.g.—adversely impacts businesses

in this category, as does e-mail, cloud computing, and digital documents.

• Photocopying services—color and b/w—also remain relatively robust.

• Wide-format and mid-volume digital printing, as well as modest complementary finishing

services, are keeping this segment going.

• These businesses don’t necessarily compete with mainstream commercial printers.

Except for short-run job shop kinds of work.

• The competitive advantage to these businesses is the ability to offer a wide variety of office

services.

Not only printing, but also mailing, faxing, office supplies sales, and other products

and services.

• The growing base of home office workers—both entrepreneurs running a home-based

business and teleworkers—take advantage of these kinds of establishments.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Key Terms and Definitions

Annual Survey of Manufactures (Source) - The Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) provides key intercensal measures of manufacturing activity, products, and

location for the public and private sectors. The ASM provides the best measure of current U.S. manufacturing industry

outputs, inputs, operating status, and is the primary basis for updates of the Longitudinal Research Database (LRD). Census

Bureau staff and academic researchers use the LRD for micro data analysis.

Statistics are available on a sample universe of manufacturing establishments with one or more paid employees at any time

during the year for manufacturing classified in NAICS sectors 31–33. Employment, payroll, hours, cost of materials, receipts,

value added, capital expenditures, and relative standard errors data are available for the U.S. and states at the 2- through 4-

digit NAICS levels. Product shipments value data are available at the 6-digit North American Industry Classification System

(NAICS) level and 7-digit NAICS product class levels based on NAICS.

The ASM is conducted annually, except for years ending in 2 and 7, at which time ASM data are included in the manufacturing

sector of the Economic Census.

Consolidated (or Combined) Statistical Area (CSA) - Consolidated Statistical Areas are a combination of metropolitan areas that have significant economic interaction and

dependency. PrintStats includes the top five CSAs in each report based on total population, without regard to the number of

industry establishments. These CSAs are very large, and in fact, larger than many countries. These are the details of their

composition:

• New York CSA is the combination of these Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: New York-Newark-

Jersey City, Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, New Haven-Milford, Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Trenton,

Torrington, Kingston, East Stroudsburg

• Los Angeles CSA includes: Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Oxnard-

Thousand Oaks-Ventura

• Chicago CSA includes: Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, Ottawa-Peru, Kankakee, Michigan City-La Porte

• Washington D.C. CSA includes: Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, Baltimore-Columbia-

Towson, Hagerstown-Martinsburg, Chambersburg-Waynesboro, Winchester, California-Lexington Park, Easton,

Cambridge

• San Francisco CSA includes: San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Stockton-Lodi,

Santa Rosa, Vallejo-Fairfield, Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Napa

(see also Metropolitan Statistical Area)

Content Creation (Source) - The contribution of information to any medium/media, especially to digital media for an end-user/audience in specific

contexts. “Content” can be text, photographic images, illustrations, graphic design, video, or any other intellectual property.

Typical forms of modern content creation include maintaining and updating web sites, blogging, photography, videography,

online commentary, the maintenance of social media accounts, and editing and distribution of digital media.

County Business Patterns [CBP] (Source) - CBP is an annual series that provides subnational economic data by industry. This series includes the number of

establishments, employment during the week of March 12, first quarter payroll, and annual payroll.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Key Terms and Definitions (continued)

Demographics (Source) - The statistical characteristics of human populations (such as age or income) used especially to identify markets. In business, a

particular market or segment of the population.

Economic Census (Source) - The Economic Census is the U.S. Government's official five-year measure of American business and the economy. It is

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, and response is required by law.

Employee (Source) - An individual hired by another individual or business usually for wages or salary and in a position below the executive level.

Establishment (Source) - An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are

performed. It is not necessarily identical with a company or enterprise, which may consist of one or more establishments.

Estimate (Source) - A value that is usable for some purpose even if input data may be incomplete, uncertain, or unstable. The value is nonetheless

usable because it is derived from the best information available. Typically, deriving an estimate involves using the value of a

statistic derived from a sample to estimate the value of a corresponding population parameter. The sample provides

information that can be projected, through various formal or informal processes, to determine a range most likely to describe

the missing information.

Forecast (Source) - Forecasting is the use of historic data to determine the direction of future trends. Businesses use forecasting to determine

how to allocate their budgets or plan for anticipated expenses for an upcoming period of time. This is typically based on the

projected demand for the goods and services they offer.

In terms of PrintStats, the forecasts are limited to statistical trends based on past statistical data. They are not forecasts based

on industry surveys or assessment of economic, social, or technological changes. The PrintStats forecast data should be

viewed only as a starting point for a formal forecast process.

M3 Manufacturing Survey (Source) - The Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) survey provides broad-based, monthly statistical data on

economic conditions in the domestic manufacturing sector. The survey measures current industrial activity and provides an

indication of future business trends.

Metropolitan Area (Source) - A metropolitan area, sometimes referred to as a metro area or commuter belt, is a region consisting of a densely populated

urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metro area usually

comprises multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs,

counties, districts, states, and even nations like the eurodistricts. As social, economic, and political institutions have changed,

metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions. Metropolitan areas include one or more urban areas, as

well as satellite cities, towns, and intervening rural areas that are socio-economically tied to the urban core, typically

measured by commuting patterns.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Key Terms and Definitions (continued)

Metropolitan Statistical Area [MSA] (Source) - In the United States, a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is a geographical region with a relatively high population density at

its core and close economic ties throughout the area. Such regions are neither legally incorporated as a city or town would

be, nor are they legal administrative divisions like counties or separate entities such as states. As such, the precise definition

of any given metropolitan area can vary with the source. A typical metropolitan area is centered on a single large city that

wields substantial influence over the region (e.g., Chicago or Atlanta). However, some metropolitan areas contain more than

one large city with no single municipality holding a substantially dominant position (e.g., Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex,

Norfolk-Virginia Beach [Hampton Roads], Riverside–San Bernardino [Inland Empire], or Minneapolis–Saint Paul).

MSAs are defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and used by the Census Bureau and other Federal

government agencies for statistical purposes.

(See also Consolidated Statistical Area)

NAICS (Source) - The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying

business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business

economy.

Nonemployer Statistics (Source) - Nonemployer Statistics is an annual series that provides subnational economic data for businesses that have no paid

employees and are subject to Federal income tax. The data consist of the number of businesses and total receipts by industry.

Most nonemployers are self-employed individuals operating unincorporated businesses (known as sole proprietorships),

which may or may not be the owner's principal source of income.

The majority of all business establishments in the United States are nonemployers, yet these firms average less than 4

percent of all sales and receipts nationally. Due to their small economic impact, these firms are excluded from most other

Census Bureau business statistics (the primary exception being the Survey of Business Owners). The Nonemployers Statistics

series is the primary resource available to study the scope and activities of nonemployers at a detailed geographic level. For

complementary statistics on the firms that do have paid employees, refer to the County Business Patterns. Additional sources

of data on small businesses include the Economic Census, and the Statistics of U.S. Businesses.

Packaging (Source) - Packaging is the technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers

to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of

preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. In the graphic arts, packaging refers to the design,

manufacturing, and decoration (usually via printing and related technologies) of corrugated paperboard containers, folding

cardboard cartons and containers, paper bags, flexible plastic packaging, and other paper, paperboard, and plastic materials.

Payroll (Source) - Payroll is the sum total of all compensation a business must pay to its employees for a set period of time or on a given date.

Payroll is reported before deductions for social security, income tax, insurance, union dues, etc. This definition of payroll is

the same as that used by the Internal Revenue Service.

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NAICS 323 + 561439

Key Terms and Definitions (continued)

Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages [QCEW] (Source) - The Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) program publishes a quarterly count of employment and wages

reported by employers covering more than 95 percent of U.S. jobs, available at the county, MSA, state, and national levels by

industry.

Quarterly Services Survey (Source) - The Quarterly Services Survey (QSS) is the only source of service industry indicator performance providing timely estimates

of revenue and expenses for selected service industries. The QSS is a principal economic indicator series that produces, for

selected service industries, quarterly estimates of total operating revenue and the percentage of revenue by class of

customer (government, business, consumers, and individuals). The survey also produces estimates of total operating

expenses from tax-exempt firms in industries that have a large not-for-profit component. In addition, for hospital services,

the survey estimates the number of inpatient days and discharges.

Region (Source) - Census Regions are groupings of states and the District of Columbia that subdivide the United States for the presentation of

Census data. There are four Census regions—Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. Each of the four Census regions is

divided into two or more Census divisions. Each Census region is identified by a single-digit Census code. Puerto Rico and

the Island Areas are not part of any Census region or Census division.

PrintStats uses eight regions based on industrial economic activity rather than the Census regions. The 50 U.S. states and

District of Columbia are allocated as follows:

• New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont

• Mid-Eastern: Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia

• South Eastern: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee,

Virginia

• Great Lakes: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin

• North Central: Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming

• South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

• South Western: Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah

• Western: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington

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General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439)

Baseline data from County Business Patterns

This workbook contains the following datasheets (click to open)

Establishments 2015 (Summarized Size Classes)Establishments 2013 (Summarized Size Classes)Establishments 2015 Changes (Summarized Size Classes)Establishments 2015 (Detailed Size Classes)Establishments 2013 (Detailed Size Classes)Establishments 2015 Changes (Detailed Size Classes)Employees 2015 (Summarized Size Classes)Employees 2015 (Detailed Size Classes)Payrolls 2015 (Summarized Size Classes)Payrolls 2015 (Detailed Size Classes)Sales 2015 (Summarized Size Classes)Sales 2015 (Detailed Size Classes)Capital Expenditures 2015 (Summarized Size Classes)Capital Expenditures 2015 (Detailed Size Classes)Top 15 States 2015 Top 25 Metros 2015 Top 5 Major Metropolitan Areas (Combined Statistical Areas)Estimates and Statistical Trend 2016-2022

email: npessupport@sfminc.com

Produced exclusively for NPESCopyright 2017, Non-Routine LLC and Strategies for Management, Inc.

12

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 30,662 21,829 6,848 1,985 16.1

New England 5.0% 8 1,544 1,107 341 96 15.8 Connecticut 1.2% 24 375 267 85 23 16.4 Maine 0.4% 39 137 111 22 4 11.6 Massachusetts 2.2% 14 688 490 153 45 17.4 New Hampshire 0.5% 37 157 116 31 10 13.3 Rhode Island 0.4% 41 120 77 32 11 14.7 Vermont 0.2% 47 67 46 18 3 12.3

Mid-Eastern 16.2% 4 4,966 3,567 1,082 317 16.9 Delaware 0.2% 48 64 50 13 1 7.2 Washington DC 0.4% 42 115 93 17 5 13.9 Maryland 1.5% 22 475 313 130 32 16.5 New Jersey 3.3% 8 1,003 709 224 70 17.9 New York 6.5% 3 1,983 1,497 396 90 12.4 Pennsylvania 4.0% 6 1,235 835 287 113 23.8 West Virginia 0.3% 45 91 70 15 6 23.5

South Eastern 20.5% 1 6,296 4,605 1,328 363 14.3 Alabama 1.2% 25 372 285 76 11 9.8 Florida 6.4% 4 1,950 1,541 348 61 9.2 Georgia 3.0% 11 909 626 218 65 16.8 Kentucky 1.2% 26 360 240 80 40 27.0 Mississippi 0.5% 36 159 123 33 3 9.6 North Carolina 3.0% 9 920 661 201 58 14.0 South Carolina 1.2% 27 353 247 81 25 14.3 Tennessee 2.0% 18 602 397 151 54 19.3 Virginia 2.2% 16 671 485 140 46 18.4

Great Lakes 19.0% 2 5,823 3,840 1,410 573 23.1 Illinois 5.0% 5 1,540 1,048 363 129 19.3 Indiana 2.0% 17 618 424 138 56 23.7 Michigan 3.0% 9 920 643 213 64 16.0 Minnesota 2.5% 13 757 442 208 107 32.4 Ohio 4.0% 7 1,226 832 299 95 19.1 Wisconsin 2.5% 12 762 451 189 122 36.0

North Central 6.4% 6 1,952 1,326 464 162 18.4 Idaho 0.4% 40 121 94 21 6 11.0 Iowa 1.1% 28 339 212 98 29 18.8 Kansas 1.1% 29 329 207 82 40 24.7 Missouri 2.2% 15 677 460 156 61 20.2 Montana 0.3% 44 95 69 24 2 9.9 Nebraska 0.7% 35 204 143 45 16 14.1 North Dakota 0.2% 50 56 39 15 2 14.0 South Dakota 0.3% 46 85 62 18 5 16.9 Wyoming 0.2% 51 46 40 5 1 5.8

South Central 9.9% 5 3,022 2,233 656 133 12.9 Arkansas 0.8% 33 233 180 40 13 16.4 Louisiana 1.0% 31 314 240 66 8 9.3 Oklahoma 1.1% 30 328 243 73 12 11.9 Texas 7.0% 2 2,147 1,570 477 100 13.2

South Western 5.9% 7 1,795 1,298 414 83 12.7 Arizona 1.6% 21 500 360 117 23 12.8 Colorado 2.0% 20 598 462 118 18 10.8 Nevada 0.8% 33 233 156 62 15 15.1 New Mexico 0.5% 38 154 122 29 3 9.4 Utah 1.0% 32 310 198 88 24 16.4

Western 17.2% 3 5,264 3,853 1,153 258 12.1 Alaska 0.2% 49 57 45 12 6.8 California 13.2% 1 4,049 2,954 890 205 12.5 Hawaii 0.4% 43 114 90 20 4 9.6 Oregon 1.4% 23 442 316 100 26 13.0 Washington 2.0% 18 602 448 131 23 10.3

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Number of Establishments

13

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 31,931 22,765 7,135 2,031 16.0

New England 5.1% 8 1,633 1,178 352 103 15.2 Connecticut 1.2% 24 398 287 86 25 15.0 Maine 0.4% 39 141 112 25 4 9.3 Massachusetts 2.3% 14 727 510 165 52 17.7 New Hampshire 0.5% 37 164 123 32 9 13.3 Rhode Island 0.4% 40 131 94 29 8 11.5 Vermont 0.2% 47 72 52 15 5 12.4

Mid-Eastern 16.4% 4 5,247 3,726 1,173 348 16.8 Delaware 0.2% 48 63 47 15 1 7.7 Washington DC 0.3% 43 110 89 17 4 16.5 Maryland 1.6% 21 524 342 144 38 16.4 New Jersey 3.3% 8 1,040 717 250 73 17.2 New York 6.6% 3 2,103 1,592 408 103 12.7 Pennsylvania 4.1% 7 1,311 865 321 125 23.5 West Virginia 0.3% 45 96 74 18 4 18.6

South Eastern 20.4% 1 6,523 4,807 1,369 347 14.0 Alabama 1.2% 25 379 287 80 12 10.9 Florida 6.2% 4 1,982 1,564 354 64 9.6 Georgia 2.9% 11 911 646 210 55 15.0 Kentucky 1.2% 26 373 244 92 37 28.1 Mississippi 0.5% 36 170 130 37 3 9.2 North Carolina 3.2% 9 1,030 767 207 56 13.0 South Carolina 1.1% 27 362 260 79 23 12.9 Tennessee 2.0% 19 636 430 158 48 18.7 Virginia 2.1% 16 680 479 152 49 18.3

Great Lakes 19.2% 2 6,141 4,068 1,471 602 22.7 Illinois 5.2% 5 1,646 1,125 376 145 19.9 Indiana 2.0% 17 650 449 145 56 24.1 Michigan 3.0% 10 964 689 214 61 14.8 Minnesota 2.4% 13 771 445 207 119 32.2 Ohio 4.1% 6 1,313 881 327 105 18.4 Wisconsin 2.5% 12 797 479 202 116 34.9

North Central 6.3% 6 2,018 1,384 462 172 18.3 Idaho 0.4% 41 130 97 27 6 10.1 Iowa 1.1% 29 336 211 91 34 21.2 Kansas 1.1% 28 346 226 79 41 22.1 Missouri 2.2% 15 703 475 163 65 21.0 Montana 0.3% 44 98 77 20 1 8.9 Nebraska 0.7% 35 208 144 49 15 13.4 North Dakota 0.2% 49 61 46 12 3 12.7 South Dakota 0.3% 46 87 65 16 6 16.2 Wyoming 0.2% 51 49 43 5 1 6.4

South Central 9.6% 5 3,076 2,278 670 128 12.4 Arkansas 0.7% 33 237 185 40 12 15.1 Louisiana 1.0% 31 328 253 67 8 8.7 Oklahoma 1.0% 30 330 244 71 15 13.0 Texas 6.8% 2 2,181 1,596 492 93 12.6

South Western 5.8% 7 1,848 1,338 432 78 11.7 Arizona 1.6% 22 519 376 119 24 11.2 Colorado 2.0% 20 623 480 124 19 10.1 Nevada 0.7% 34 227 148 67 12 14.7 New Mexico 0.5% 38 158 131 26 1 6.1 Utah 1.0% 32 321 203 96 22 16.1

Western 17.1% 3 5,445 3,986 1,206 253 12.3 Alaska 0.2% 50 57 49 8 7.0 California 13.1% 1 4,179 3,049 927 203 12.7 Hawaii 0.4% 42 113 84 25 4 9.6 Oregon 1.4% 23 459 335 102 22 12.5 Washington 2.0% 18 637 469 144 24 10.6

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2013Number of Establishments

14

Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC - (1,269) (936) (287) (46) 0.2

New England 4 (89) (71) (11) (7) 0.6 Connecticut 17 (23) (20) (1) (2) 1.4 Maine 8 (4) (1) (3) 2.3 Massachusetts 24 (39) (20) (12) (7) (0.3)New Hampshire 10 (7) (7) (1) 1 0.0 Rhode Island 12 (11) (17) 3 3 3.1 Vermont 9 (5) (6) 3 (2) (0.1)

Mid-Eastern 7 (281) (159) (91) (31) 0.1 Delaware 4 1 3 (2) (0.5)Washington DC 2 5 4 1 (2.6)Maryland 26 (49) (29) (14) (6) 0.1 New Jersey 23 (37) (8) (26) (3) 0.7 New York 31 (120) (95) (12) (13) (0.3)Pennsylvania 27 (76) (30) (34) (12) 0.3 West Virginia 10 (5) (4) (3) 2 5.0

South Eastern 6 (227) (202) (41) 16 0.3 Alabama 11 (7) (2) (4) (1) (1.2)Florida 20 (32) (23) (6) (3) (0.4)Georgia 6 (2) (20) 8 10 1.8 Kentucky 13 (13) (4) (12) 3 (1.2)Mississippi 13 (11) (7) (4) 0.4 North Carolina 30 (110) (106) (6) 2 1.1 South Carolina 11 (9) (13) 2 2 1.4 Tennessee 21 (34) (33) (7) 6 0.6 Virginia 12 (9) 6 (12) (3) 0.2

Great Lakes 8 (318) (228) (61) (29) 0.4 Illinois 29 (106) (77) (13) (16) (0.6)Indiana 21 (32) (25) (7) (0.4)Michigan 25 (44) (46) (1) 3 1.2 Minnesota 14 (14) (3) 1 (12) 0.3 Ohio 28 (87) (49) (28) (10) 0.8 Wisconsin 22 (35) (28) (13) 6 1.1

North Central 3 (66) (58) 2 (10) 0.0 Idaho 12 (9) (3) (6) 0.9 Iowa 3 3 1 7 (5) (2.4)Kansas 15 (17) (19) 3 (1) 2.6 Missouri 19 (26) (15) (7) (4) (0.8)Montana 7 (3) (8) 4 1 1.0 Nebraska 9 (4) (1) (4) 1 0.7 North Dakota 10 (5) (7) 3 (1) 1.3 South Dakota 7 (2) (3) 2 (1) 0.7 Wyoming 8 (3) (3) (0.5)

South Central 2 (54) (45) (14) 5 0.5 Arkansas 9 (4) (5) 1 1.3 Louisiana 15 (14) (13) (1) 0.6 Oklahoma 7 (2) (1) 2 (3) (1.1)Texas 22 (34) (26) (15) 7 0.6

South Western 1 (53) (40) (18) 5 1.1 Arizona 16 (19) (16) (2) (1) 1.5 Colorado 18 (25) (18) (6) (1) 0.7 Nevada 1 6 8 (5) 3 0.3 New Mexico 9 (4) (9) 3 2 3.3 Utah 13 (11) (5) (8) 2 0.3

Western 5 (181) (133) (53) 5 (0.2)Alaska 5 (4) 4 (0.2)California 32 (130) (95) (37) 2 (0.2)Hawaii 5 1 6 (5) (0.0)Oregon 16 (17) (19) (2) 4 0.5 Washington 23 (35) (21) (13) (1) (0.4)

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Change in Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Change in Number of Establishments

15

% of TotalRegion Rank

and State Rank

All Sizes 1-4Empls.

5-9 Empls.

10-19Empls.

20-49Empls.

50-99Empls.

100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 30,662 15,374 6,455 4,010 2,838 1,075 685 165 60 16.1

New England 5.0% 8 1,544 769 338 194 147 53 34 7 2 15.8 Connecticut 1.2% 24 375 189 78 51 34 10 10 2 1 16.4 Maine 0.4% 39 137 82 29 10 12 2 1 1 11.6 Massachusetts 2.2% 14 688 333 157 80 73 25 16 3 1 17.4 New Hampshire 0.5% 37 157 81 35 22 9 6 3 1 13.3 Rhode Island 0.4% 41 120 52 25 20 12 9 2 14.7 Vermont 0.2% 47 67 32 14 11 7 1 2 12.3

Mid-Eastern 16.2% 4 4,966 2,594 973 607 475 155 122 27 13 16.9 Delaware 0.2% 48 64 35 15 11 2 1 7.2 Washington DC 0.4% 42 115 64 29 12 5 1 3 1 13.9 Maryland 1.5% 22 475 226 87 74 56 17 12 3 16.5 New Jersey 3.3% 8 1,003 513 196 113 111 31 33 4 2 17.9 New York 6.5% 3 1,983 1,127 370 240 156 52 30 4 4 12.4 Pennsylvania 4.0% 6 1,235 584 251 149 138 51 42 14 6 23.8 West Virginia 0.3% 45 91 45 25 8 7 2 2 1 1 23.5

South Eastern 20.5% 1 6,296 3,306 1,299 795 533 215 109 31 8 14.3 Alabama 1.2% 25 372 200 85 46 30 7 3 1 9.8 Florida 6.4% 4 1,950 1,181 360 223 125 39 18 4 9.2 Georgia 3.0% 11 909 445 181 119 99 40 17 7 1 16.8 Kentucky 1.2% 26 360 176 64 41 39 23 10 3 4 27.0 Mississippi 0.5% 36 159 80 43 23 10 1 2 9.6 North Carolina 3.0% 9 920 451 210 112 89 33 22 3 14.0 South Carolina 1.2% 27 353 166 81 49 32 18 5 2 14.3 Tennessee 2.0% 18 602 284 113 89 62 31 19 3 1 19.3 Virginia 2.2% 16 671 323 162 93 47 23 13 8 2 18.4

Great Lakes 19.0% 2 5,823 2,666 1,174 775 635 278 213 60 22 23.1 Illinois 5.0% 5 1,540 747 301 200 163 61 53 14 1 19.3 Indiana 2.0% 17 618 295 129 84 54 26 21 5 4 23.7 Michigan 3.0% 9 920 443 200 136 77 32 26 5 1 16.0 Minnesota 2.5% 13 757 312 130 102 106 49 40 13 5 32.4 Ohio 4.0% 7 1,226 554 278 150 149 46 38 8 3 19.1 Wisconsin 2.5% 12 762 315 136 103 86 64 35 15 8 36.0

North Central 6.4% 6 1,952 924 402 270 194 93 51 13 5 18.4 Idaho 0.4% 40 121 62 32 14 7 4 2 11.0 Iowa 1.1% 28 339 163 49 56 42 17 9 2 1 18.8 Kansas 1.1% 29 329 131 76 44 38 22 11 6 1 24.7 Missouri 2.2% 15 677 333 127 93 63 34 20 4 3 20.2 Montana 0.3% 44 95 49 20 15 9 1 1 9.9 Nebraska 0.7% 35 204 98 45 22 23 11 5 14.1 North Dakota 0.2% 50 56 22 17 9 6 2 14.0 South Dakota 0.3% 46 85 40 22 12 6 3 1 1 16.9 Wyoming 0.2% 51 46 26 14 5 1 5.8

South Central 9.9% 5 3,022 1,528 705 395 261 82 34 10 7 12.9 Arkansas 0.8% 33 233 125 55 22 18 7 3 1 2 16.4 Louisiana 1.0% 31 314 159 81 39 27 6 2 9.3 Oklahoma 1.1% 30 328 165 78 56 17 9 1 2 11.9 Texas 7.0% 2 2,147 1,079 491 278 199 60 28 9 3 13.2

South Western 5.9% 7 1,795 884 414 253 161 47 29 6 1 12.7 Arizona 1.6% 21 500 239 121 67 50 13 9 1 12.8 Colorado 2.0% 20 598 320 142 80 38 8 7 3 10.8 Nevada 0.8% 33 233 111 45 40 22 9 5 1 15.1 New Mexico 0.5% 38 154 86 36 21 8 1 1 1 9.4 Utah 1.0% 32 310 128 70 45 43 16 7 1 16.4

Western 17.2% 3 5,264 2,703 1,150 721 432 152 93 11 2 12.1 Alaska 0.2% 49 57 25 20 10 2 6.8 California 13.2% 1 4,049 2,077 877 560 330 120 72 11 2 12.5 Hawaii 0.4% 43 114 67 23 14 6 1 3 9.6 Oregon 1.4% 23 442 223 93 53 47 16 10 13.0 Washington 2.0% 18 602 311 137 84 47 15 8 10.3

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Number of Establishments

16

% of TotalRegion Rank

and State Rank

All Sizes 1-4Empls.

5-9 Empls.

10-19Empls.

20-49Empls.

50-99Empls.

100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 31,931 16,195 6,570 4,241 2,894 1,090 718 157 66 16.0

New England 5.1% 8 1,633 813 365 203 149 56 40 5 2 15.2 Connecticut 1.2% 24 398 203 84 49 37 13 10 1 1 15.0 Maine 0.4% 39 141 84 28 13 12 2 2 9.3 Massachusetts 2.3% 14 727 336 174 97 68 27 21 3 1 17.7 New Hampshire 0.5% 37 164 90 33 20 12 4 4 1 13.3 Rhode Island 0.4% 40 131 62 32 16 13 7 1 11.5 Vermont 0.2% 47 72 38 14 8 7 3 2 12.4

Mid-Eastern 16.4% 4 5,247 2,783 943 685 488 184 120 28 16 16.8 Delaware 0.2% 48 63 34 13 11 4 1 7.7 Washington DC 0.3% 43 110 65 24 11 6 2 2 16.5 Maryland 1.6% 21 524 248 94 84 60 21 14 3 16.4 New Jersey 3.3% 8 1,040 537 180 140 110 34 32 6 1 17.2 New York 6.6% 3 2,103 1,226 366 248 160 61 33 4 5 12.7 Pennsylvania 4.1% 7 1,311 629 236 183 138 66 37 13 9 23.5 West Virginia 0.3% 45 96 44 30 8 10 1 2 1 18.6

South Eastern 20.4% 1 6,523 3,450 1,357 839 530 191 119 26 11 14.0 Alabama 1.2% 25 379 199 88 49 31 9 1 2 10.9 Florida 6.2% 4 1,982 1,185 379 241 113 38 23 1 2 9.6 Georgia 2.9% 11 911 463 183 123 87 31 19 3 2 15.0 Kentucky 1.2% 26 373 173 71 48 44 13 16 4 4 28.1 Mississippi 0.5% 36 170 90 40 26 11 1 2 9.2 North Carolina 3.2% 9 1,030 532 235 117 90 35 18 3 13.0 South Carolina 1.1% 27 362 174 86 51 28 16 6 1 12.9 Tennessee 2.0% 19 636 309 121 87 71 25 16 6 1 18.7 Virginia 2.1% 16 680 325 154 97 55 23 18 6 2 18.3

Great Lakes 19.2% 2 6,141 2,819 1,249 818 653 297 225 55 25 22.7 Illinois 5.2% 5 1,646 810 315 211 165 68 60 12 5 19.9 Indiana 2.0% 17 650 300 149 86 59 25 21 5 5 24.1 Michigan 3.0% 10 964 477 212 123 91 33 20 7 1 14.8 Minnesota 2.4% 13 771 319 126 107 100 61 40 14 4 32.2 Ohio 4.1% 6 1,313 588 293 183 144 51 48 3 3 18.4 Wisconsin 2.5% 12 797 325 154 108 94 59 36 14 7 34.9

North Central 6.3% 6 2,018 956 428 278 184 102 46 18 6 18.3 Idaho 0.4% 41 130 69 28 19 8 4 2 10.1 Iowa 1.1% 29 336 155 56 57 34 19 11 3 1 21.2 Kansas 1.1% 28 346 145 81 45 34 23 12 5 1 22.1 Missouri 2.2% 15 703 333 142 98 65 40 13 8 4 21.0 Montana 0.3% 44 98 50 27 8 12 1 8.9 Nebraska 0.7% 35 208 106 38 29 20 10 5 13.4 North Dakota 0.2% 49 61 28 18 8 4 1 2 12.7 South Dakota 0.3% 46 87 44 21 10 6 4 2 16.2 Wyoming 0.2% 51 49 26 17 4 1 1 6.4

South Central 9.6% 5 3,076 1,610 668 414 256 73 40 12 3 12.4 Arkansas 0.7% 33 237 134 51 25 15 5 4 2 1 15.1 Louisiana 1.0% 31 328 166 87 41 26 6 2 8.7 Oklahoma 1.0% 30 330 171 73 54 17 10 2 3 13.0 Texas 6.8% 2 2,181 1,139 457 294 198 52 32 7 2 12.6

South Western 5.8% 7 1,848 924 414 271 161 47 27 4 11.7 Arizona 1.6% 22 519 264 112 77 42 16 8 11.2 Colorado 2.0% 20 623 336 144 81 43 9 8 2 10.1 Nevada 0.7% 34 227 98 50 38 29 7 4 1 14.7 New Mexico 0.5% 38 158 91 40 20 6 1 6.1 Utah 1.0% 32 321 135 68 55 41 14 7 1 16.1

Western 17.1% 3 5,445 2,840 1,146 733 473 140 101 9 3 12.3 Alaska 0.2% 50 57 24 25 4 4 7.0 California 13.1% 1 4,179 2,183 866 568 359 112 79 9 3 12.7 Hawaii 0.4% 42 113 65 19 19 6 2 2 9.6 Oregon 1.4% 23 459 239 96 50 52 11 11 12.5 Washington 2.0% 18 637 329 140 92 52 15 9 10.6

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2013Number of Establishments

17

Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes 1-4

Empls.5-9

Empls.10-19

Empls.20-49

Empls.50-99

Empls.100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

Avg. Employees/

Estab.

U.S. states + DC - (1,269) (821) (115) (231) (56) (15) (33) 8 (6) 0.2

New England 4 (89) (44) (27) (9) (2) (3) (6) 2 0.6 Connecticut 17 (23) (14) (6) 2 (3) (3) 1 1.4 Maine 8 (4) (2) 1 (3) (1) 1 2.3 Massachusetts 24 (39) (3) (17) (17) 5 (2) (5) (0.3)New Hampshire 10 (7) (9) 2 2 (3) 2 (1) 0.0 Rhode Island 12 (11) (10) (7) 4 (1) 2 1 3.1 Vermont 9 (5) (6) 3 (2) (0.1)

Mid-Eastern 7 (281) (189) 30 (78) (13) (29) 2 (1) (3) 0.1 Delaware 4 1 1 2 (2) (0.5)Washington DC 2 5 (1) 5 1 (1) 1 1 (1) (2.6)Maryland 26 (49) (22) (7) (10) (4) (4) (2) 0.1 New Jersey 23 (37) (24) 16 (27) 1 (3) 1 (2) 1 0.7 New York 31 (120) (99) 4 (8) (4) (9) (3) (1) (0.3)Pennsylvania 27 (76) (45) 15 (34) (15) 5 1 (3) 0.3 West Virginia 10 (5) 1 (5) (3) 1 1 5.0

South Eastern 6 (227) (144) (58) (44) 3 24 (10) 5 (3) 0.3 Alabama 11 (7) 1 (3) (3) (1) (2) 2 (1) (1.2)Florida 20 (32) (4) (19) (18) 12 1 (5) 3 (2) (0.4)Georgia 6 (2) (18) (2) (4) 12 9 (2) 4 (1) 1.8 Kentucky 13 (13) 3 (7) (7) (5) 10 (6) (1) (1.2)Mississippi 13 (11) (10) 3 (3) (1) 0.4 North Carolina 30 (110) (81) (25) (5) (1) (2) 4 1.1 South Carolina 11 (9) (8) (5) (2) 4 2 (1) 1 1.4 Tennessee 21 (34) (25) (8) 2 (9) 6 3 (3) 0.6 Virginia 12 (9) (2) 8 (4) (8) (5) 2 0.2

Great Lakes 8 (318) (153) (75) (43) (18) (19) (12) 5 (3) 0.4 Illinois 29 (106) (63) (14) (11) (2) (7) (7) 2 (4) (0.6)Indiana 21 (32) (5) (20) (2) (5) 1 (1) (0.4)Michigan 25 (44) (34) (12) 13 (14) (1) 6 (2) 1.2 Minnesota 14 (14) (7) 4 (5) 6 (12) (1) 1 0.3 Ohio 28 (87) (34) (15) (33) 5 (5) (10) 5 0.8 Wisconsin 22 (35) (10) (18) (5) (8) 5 (1) 1 1 1.1

North Central 3 (66) (32) (26) (8) 10 (9) 5 (5) (1) 0.0 Idaho 12 (9) (7) 4 (5) (1) 0.9 Iowa 3 3 8 (7) (1) 8 (2) (2) (1) (2.4)Kansas 15 (17) (14) (5) (1) 4 (1) (1) 1 2.6 Missouri 19 (26) (15) (5) (2) (6) 7 (4) (1) (0.8)Montana 7 (3) (1) (7) 7 (3) 1 1.0 Nebraska 9 (4) (8) 7 (7) 3 1 0.7 North Dakota 10 (5) (6) (1) 1 2 (1) 1.3 South Dakota 7 (2) (4) 1 2 (1) 1 (1) 0.7 Wyoming 8 (3) (3) 1 (1) (0.5)

South Central 2 (54) (82) 37 (19) 5 9 (6) (2) 4 0.5 Arkansas 9 (4) (9) 4 (3) 3 2 (1) (1) 1 1.3 Louisiana 15 (14) (7) (6) (2) 1 0.6 Oklahoma 7 (2) (6) 5 2 (1) (1) (3) 2 (1.1)Texas 22 (34) (60) 34 (16) 1 8 (4) 2 1 0.6

South Western 1 (53) (40) (18) 2 2 1 1.1 Arizona 16 (19) (25) 9 (10) 8 (3) 1 1 1.5 Colorado 18 (25) (16) (2) (1) (5) (1) (1) 1 0.7 Nevada 1 6 13 (5) 2 (7) 2 1 0.3 New Mexico 9 (4) (5) (4) 1 2 1 1 3.3 Utah 13 (11) (7) 2 (10) 2 2 0.3

Western 5 (181) (137) 4 (12) (41) 12 (8) 2 (1) (0.2)Alaska 5 1 (5) 6 (2) (0.2)California 32 (130) (106) 11 (8) (29) 8 (7) 2 (1) (0.2)Hawaii 5 1 2 4 (5) (1) 1 (0.0)Oregon 16 (17) (16) (3) 3 (5) 5 (1) 0.5 Washington 23 (35) (18) (3) (8) (5) (1) (0.4)

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Change in Number of

Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Change in Number of Establishments

18

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 494,966 72,699 141,104 281,163

New England 5.0% 7 24,555 3,753 7,302 13,500 Connecticut 1.2% 26 6,147 900 1,747 3,500 Maine 0.3% 40 1,592 333 534 725 Massachusetts 2.4% 17 11,990 1,730 3,304 6,956 New Hampshire 0.4% 37 2,086 378 622 1,086 Rhode Island 0.4% 38 1,762 263 656 844 Vermont 0.2% 46 978 149 440 390

Mid-Eastern 17.0% 3 84,009 11,378 23,342 49,289 Delaware 0.1% 49 458 187 204 67 Washington DC 0.3% 39 1,605 317 305 982 Maryland 1.6% 21 7,816 1,024 2,894 3,898 New Jersey 3.6% 10 17,977 2,259 4,961 10,757 New York 5.0% 6 24,642 4,523 8,316 11,803 Pennsylvania 5.9% 3 29,367 2,803 6,360 20,204 West Virginia 0.4% 36 2,144 265 302 1,577

South Eastern 18.2% 2 90,133 15,192 26,753 48,189 Alabama 0.7% 32 3,629 977 1,525 1,127 Florida 3.6% 9 17,995 4,697 6,835 6,463 Georgia 3.1% 11 15,296 2,042 4,600 8,654 Kentucky 2.0% 19 9,709 796 1,730 7,182 Mississippi 0.3% 41 1,529 454 576 499 North Carolina 2.6% 15 12,925 2,295 4,202 6,428 South Carolina 1.0% 29 5,063 844 1,582 2,637 Tennessee 2.4% 18 11,633 1,352 3,110 7,171 Virginia 2.5% 16 12,354 1,734 2,593 8,027

Great Lakes 27.2% 1 134,604 13,095 30,380 91,129 Illinois 6.0% 2 29,742 3,447 7,721 18,574 Indiana 3.0% 13 14,657 1,497 2,776 10,384 Michigan 3.0% 12 14,759 2,157 4,212 8,390 Minnesota 5.0% 7 24,564 1,487 4,729 18,348 Ohio 4.7% 8 23,464 2,951 6,836 13,677 Wisconsin 5.5% 5 27,418 1,556 4,106 21,756

North Central 7.2% 6 35,835 4,518 9,739 21,578 Idaho 0.3% 44 1,337 354 435 548 Iowa 1.3% 24 6,380 657 1,935 3,788 Kansas 1.6% 20 8,126 747 1,842 5,537 Missouri 2.8% 14 13,692 1,547 3,253 8,892 Montana 0.2% 47 939 223 462 254 Nebraska 0.6% 35 2,875 470 1,031 1,374 North Dakota 0.2% 48 783 162 335 286 South Dakota 0.3% 43 1,435 216 376 844 Wyoming 0.1% 51 268 143 69 56

South Central 7.9% 5 39,056 7,654 12,924 18,477 Arkansas 0.8% 31 3,815 608 859 2,348 Louisiana 0.6% 34 2,925 898 1,342 685 Oklahoma 0.8% 30 3,891 848 1,211 1,832 Texas 5.7% 4 28,425 5,300 9,513 13,612

South Western 4.6% 8 22,856 4,427 8,084 10,345 Arizona 1.3% 23 6,385 1,274 2,330 2,781 Colorado 1.3% 22 6,430 1,573 2,233 2,624 Nevada 0.7% 33 3,509 507 1,198 1,804 New Mexico 0.3% 42 1,447 395 500 553 Utah 1.0% 28 5,085 677 1,824 2,584

Western 12.9% 4 63,941 12,718 22,749 28,473 Alaska 0.1% 50 392 184 208 California 10.2% 1 50,523 9,677 17,509 23,337 Hawaii 0.2% 45 1,096 311 371 414 Oregon 1.2% 27 5,755 1,049 2,157 2,549 Washington 1.2% 25 6,175 1,497 2,504 2,174

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of Employees

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Number of Employees

19

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes 1-4

Empls.5-9

Empls.10-19

Empls.20-49

Empls.50-99

Empls.100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 494,966 30,516 42,183 53,549 87,555 75,004 102,801 57,781 45,577

New England 5.0% 7 24,555 1,562 2,191 2,645 4,657 3,740 5,286 2,354 2,119 Connecticut 1.2% 26 6,147 387 513 668 1,079 697 1,629 625 549 Maine 0.3% 40 1,592 153 180 122 412 159 169 397 Massachusetts 2.4% 17 11,990 692 1,038 1,071 2,233 1,845 2,474 1,067 1,570 New Hampshire 0.4% 37 2,086 162 217 332 290 371 449 266 Rhode Island 0.4% 38 1,762 107 156 287 369 593 250 Vermont 0.2% 46 978 62 87 165 275 75 314

Mid-Eastern 17.0% 3 84,009 4,986 6,392 8,222 15,119 10,921 18,157 9,672 10,538 Delaware 0.1% 49 458 79 108 145 59 67 Washington DC 0.3% 39 1,605 128 190 162 143 75 441 465 Maryland 1.6% 21 7,816 457 567 993 1,900 1,301 1,503 1,094 New Jersey 3.6% 10 17,977 978 1,281 1,495 3,466 2,206 5,243 1,191 2,117 New York 5.0% 6 24,642 2,101 2,422 3,271 5,045 3,463 4,116 1,565 2,659 Pennsylvania 5.9% 3 29,367 1,143 1,660 2,031 4,329 3,672 6,526 4,985 5,021 West Virginia 0.4% 36 2,144 101 164 126 177 137 328 372 740

South Eastern 18.2% 2 90,133 6,600 8,592 10,662 16,091 14,847 16,347 10,962 6,032 Alabama 0.7% 32 3,629 404 574 638 887 475 389 263 Florida 3.6% 9 17,995 2,300 2,397 2,958 3,877 2,651 2,662 1,150 Georgia 3.1% 11 15,296 869 1,173 1,609 2,991 2,734 2,677 2,588 655 Kentucky 2.0% 19 9,709 377 419 584 1,146 1,633 1,704 1,100 2,745 Mississippi 0.3% 41 1,529 178 276 312 264 95 404 North Carolina 2.6% 15 12,925 896 1,399 1,515 2,687 2,325 3,096 1,007 South Carolina 1.0% 29 5,063 313 531 640 941 1,149 680 808 Tennessee 2.4% 18 11,633 603 749 1,205 1,905 2,183 2,939 1,184 865 Virginia 2.5% 16 12,354 660 1,074 1,201 1,392 1,601 1,798 2,862 1,767

Great Lakes 27.2% 1 134,604 5,397 7,698 10,340 20,040 19,851 32,854 21,108 17,317 Illinois 6.0% 2 29,742 1,463 1,984 2,683 5,038 4,268 8,261 5,078 967 Indiana 3.0% 13 14,657 649 848 1,120 1,656 1,826 3,047 1,850 3,661 Michigan 3.0% 12 14,759 883 1,274 1,808 2,404 2,265 3,872 1,700 553 Minnesota 5.0% 7 24,564 597 889 1,385 3,344 3,644 6,317 5,126 3,261 Ohio 4.7% 8 23,464 1,152 1,799 1,997 4,839 3,421 5,931 2,465 1,860 Wisconsin 5.5% 5 27,418 653 904 1,347 2,759 4,426 5,426 4,890 7,014

North Central 7.2% 6 35,835 1,865 2,653 3,671 6,068 6,612 7,520 4,305 3,141 Idaho 0.3% 44 1,337 127 227 199 236 262 286 Iowa 1.3% 24 6,380 334 323 757 1,178 1,213 1,472 543 560 Kansas 1.6% 20 8,126 254 493 600 1,243 1,497 1,492 1,894 654 Missouri 2.8% 14 13,692 699 848 1,222 2,031 2,488 3,027 1,450 1,927 Montana 0.2% 47 939 88 135 219 244 81 173 Nebraska 0.6% 35 2,875 175 295 297 734 768 606 North Dakota 0.2% 48 783 58 104 120 215 286 South Dakota 0.3% 43 1,435 78 138 188 187 248 178 418 Wyoming 0.1% 51 268 52 90 69 56

South Central 7.9% 5 39,056 3,108 4,546 5,153 7,771 5,508 5,219 3,223 4,527 Arkansas 0.8% 31 3,815 247 361 305 554 486 436 301 1,125 Louisiana 0.6% 34 2,925 377 521 510 832 400 285 Oklahoma 0.8% 30 3,891 353 495 708 503 605 140 1,087 Texas 5.7% 4 28,425 2,131 3,169 3,630 5,883 4,017 4,358 2,922 2,315

South Western 4.6% 8 22,856 1,748 2,678 3,386 4,699 3,297 4,132 2,346 571 Arizona 1.3% 23 6,385 498 776 880 1,450 828 1,382 571 Colorado 1.3% 22 6,430 626 947 1,108 1,125 528 884 1,212 Nevada 0.7% 33 3,509 217 290 545 653 695 813 296 New Mexico 0.3% 42 1,447 178 217 272 228 64 124 364 Utah 1.0% 28 5,085 229 448 581 1,243 1,181 929 474

Western 12.9% 4 63,941 5,256 7,462 9,526 13,224 10,388 13,166 3,708 1,211 Alaska 0.1% 50 392 57 127 128 80 California 10.2% 1 50,523 3,973 5,704 7,355 10,154 8,178 10,240 3,708 1,211 Hawaii 0.2% 45 1,096 147 164 193 179 54 360 Oregon 1.2% 27 5,755 455 594 740 1,417 1,077 1,472 Washington 1.2% 25 6,175 624 873 1,110 1,394 1,080 1,094

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Number of Employees

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Number of Employees

20

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $22,192 $2,460 $5,993 $13,739

New England 5.2% 7 $1,161 $137 $332 $693Connecticut 1.3% 22 $292 $33 $85 $174Maine 0.3% 40 $59 $11 $20 $29Massachusetts 2.7% 14 $600 $67 $154 $379New Hampshire 0.4% 37 $93 $12 $27 $54Rhode Island 0.3% 38 $74 $9 $26 $38Vermont 0.2% 45 $44 $5 $19 $20

Mid-Eastern 17.8% 2 $3,959 $406 $1,068 $2,484Delaware 0.1% 49 $20 $7 $9 $4Washington DC 0.3% 39 $63 $17 $12 $35Maryland 1.6% 20 $366 $36 $136 $194New Jersey 3.9% 9 $872 $90 $246 $537New York 5.1% 7 $1,139 $155 $385 $599Pennsylvania 6.3% 3 $1,399 $95 $272 $1,032West Virginia 0.4% 36 $100 $7 $9 $84

South Eastern 16.8% 3 $3,732 $482 $1,057 $2,194Alabama 0.6% 33 $139 $28 $60 $52Florida 3.2% 10 $705 $158 $253 $294Georgia 3.0% 11 $675 $67 $195 $412Kentucky 1.8% 19 $402 $24 $68 $310Mississippi 0.3% 41 $56 $12 $20 $23North Carolina 2.3% 18 $516 $69 $159 $288South Carolina 0.9% 29 $191 $24 $56 $111Tennessee 2.4% 16 $526 $43 $134 $349Virginia 2.4% 17 $523 $56 $112 $355

Great Lakes 28.8% 1 $6,400 $452 $1,357 $4,591Illinois 6.7% 2 $1,495 $141 $382 $973Indiana 2.7% 13 $608 $45 $109 $453Michigan 3.0% 12 $665 $74 $184 $407Minnesota 5.7% 6 $1,257 $50 $210 $998Ohio 4.8% 8 $1,069 $93 $297 $679Wisconsin 5.9% 4 $1,305 $50 $175 $1,081

North Central 6.6% 6 $1,472 $133 $391 $948Idaho 0.2% 44 $46 $10 $17 $19Iowa 1.1% 27 $254 $18 $76 $160Kansas 1.5% 21 $343 $25 $75 $243Missouri 2.7% 15 $596 $46 $141 $409Montana 0.1% 47 $33 $6 $15 $13Nebraska 0.5% 34 $113 $14 $41 $58North Dakota 0.1% 48 $27 $4 $13 $9South Dakota 0.2% 42 $52 $6 $13 $33Wyoming 0.0% 51 $8 $4 $2 $3

South Central 7.6% 5 $1,683 $240 $512 $931Arkansas 0.7% 30 $155 $16 $34 $105Louisiana 0.5% 35 $108 $27 $51 $30Oklahoma 0.7% 31 $150 $24 $42 $84Texas 5.7% 5 $1,270 $174 $384 $712

South Western 4.2% 8 $931 $139 $318 $474Arizona 1.2% 24 $268 $42 $93 $133Colorado 1.2% 26 $266 $51 $96 $120Nevada 0.7% 32 $150 $16 $46 $87New Mexico 0.2% 43 $48 $11 $16 $21Utah 0.9% 28 $198 $19 $66 $112

Western 12.8% 4 $2,849 $473 $963 $1,413Alaska 0.1% 50 $16 $6 $10California 10.1% 1 $2,249 $359 $733 $1,156Hawaii 0.2% 46 $38 $9 $14 $15Oregon 1.2% 25 $267 $47 $91 $128Washington 1.3% 23 $280 $51 $115 $114

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Payrolls

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Total Payrolls ($Millions)

21

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes 1-4

Empls.5-9

Empls.10-19

Empls.20-49

Empls.50-99

Empls.100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $22,192 $1,050 $1,409 $2,094 $3,899 $3,561 $5,160 $2,777 $2,240

New England 5.2% 7 $1,161 $54 $83 $113 $218 $190 $278 $107 $118Connecticut 1.3% 22 $292 $13 $20 $30 $55 $36 $73 $30 $35Maine 0.3% 40 $59 $5 $6 $4 $16 $6 $7 $15Massachusetts 2.7% 14 $600 $26 $41 $49 $105 $100 $146 $49 $84New Hampshire 0.4% 37 $93 $5 $8 $14 $13 $17 $24 $13Rhode Island 0.3% 38 $74 $4 $5 $10 $16 $26 $12Vermont 0.2% 45 $44 $2 $3 $6 $13 $4 $16

Mid-Eastern 17.8% 2 $3,959 $177 $229 $345 $723 $542 $932 $493 $517Delaware 0.1% 49 $20 $2 $4 $6 $3 $4Washington DC 0.3% 39 $63 $8 $9 $6 $6 $2 $16 $16Maryland 1.6% 20 $366 $17 $20 $41 $95 $72 $76 $46New Jersey 3.9% 9 $872 $40 $50 $71 $175 $117 $281 $74 $65New York 5.1% 7 $1,139 $71 $84 $133 $252 $162 $209 $72 $156Pennsylvania 6.3% 3 $1,399 $36 $58 $84 $188 $179 $332 $270 $251West Virginia 0.4% 36 $100 $3 $4 $4 $5 $6 $17 $15 $45

South Eastern 16.8% 3 $3,732 $212 $269 $392 $665 $645 $808 $521 $219Alabama 0.6% 33 $139 $11 $16 $22 $37 $19 $20 $14Florida 3.2% 10 $705 $80 $78 $106 $147 $116 $131 $47Georgia 3.0% 11 $675 $29 $39 $64 $131 $127 $127 $145 $13Kentucky 1.8% 19 $402 $11 $13 $20 $48 $67 $89 $50 $105Mississippi 0.3% 41 $56 $4 $8 $10 $10 $4 $19North Carolina 2.3% 18 $516 $26 $43 $52 $107 $93 $147 $49South Carolina 0.9% 29 $191 $9 $15 $20 $35 $52 $29 $30Tennessee 2.4% 16 $526 $19 $24 $50 $84 $96 $157 $66 $29Virginia 2.4% 17 $523 $22 $34 $48 $64 $70 $90 $123 $72

Great Lakes 28.8% 1 $6,400 $189 $262 $419 $938 $963 $1,688 $1,027 $913Illinois 6.7% 2 $1,495 $65 $75 $122 $259 $233 $464 $240 $36Indiana 2.7% 13 $608 $20 $25 $40 $69 $84 $134 $74 $161Michigan 3.0% 12 $665 $29 $45 $72 $112 $104 $185 $89 $29Minnesota 5.7% 6 $1,257 $20 $30 $58 $152 $181 $352 $272 $192Ohio 4.8% 8 $1,069 $35 $58 $75 $222 $157 $300 $123 $99Wisconsin 5.9% 4 $1,305 $20 $30 $51 $124 $203 $253 $229 $396

North Central 6.6% 6 $1,472 $53 $79 $132 $259 $302 $337 $179 $130Idaho 0.2% 44 $46 $3 $7 $7 $10 $12 $7Iowa 1.1% 27 $254 $9 $10 $25 $51 $53 $74 $17 $16Kansas 1.5% 21 $343 $9 $16 $24 $51 $67 $66 $81 $30Missouri 2.7% 15 $596 $21 $25 $47 $93 $119 $140 $65 $85Montana 0.1% 47 $33 $2 $3 $7 $8 $4 $9Nebraska 0.5% 34 $113 $4 $9 $10 $31 $35 $23North Dakota 0.1% 48 $27 $1 $3 $5 $8 $9South Dakota 0.2% 42 $52 $2 $4 $6 $7 $9 $7 $16Wyoming 0.0% 51 $8 $2 $2 $2 $3

South Central 7.6% 5 $1,683 $97 $143 $190 $322 $255 $253 $172 $251Arkansas 0.7% 30 $155 $6 $10 $12 $23 $19 $21 $17 $48Louisiana 0.5% 35 $108 $11 $16 $17 $34 $20 $10Oklahoma 0.7% 31 $150 $9 $14 $26 $17 $26 $3 $56Texas 5.7% 5 $1,270 $70 $104 $136 $248 $190 $220 $155 $147

South Western 4.2% 8 $931 $57 $83 $124 $194 $148 $209 $101 $16Arizona 1.2% 24 $268 $18 $24 $33 $61 $38 $79 $16Colorado 1.2% 26 $266 $19 $31 $45 $51 $25 $47 $48Nevada 0.7% 32 $150 $7 $9 $19 $28 $30 $39 $18New Mexico 0.2% 43 $48 $5 $6 $8 $8 $2 $4 $14Utah 0.9% 28 $198 $7 $12 $20 $47 $53 $39 $20

Western 12.8% 4 $2,849 $211 $262 $379 $584 $521 $661 $158 $74Alaska 0.1% 50 $16 $2 $4 $6 $4California 10.1% 1 $2,249 $153 $206 $288 $445 $403 $522 $158 $74Hawaii 0.2% 46 $38 $4 $5 $8 $6 $2 $13Oregon 1.2% 25 $267 $29 $19 $28 $63 $56 $72Washington 1.3% 23 $280 $23 $28 $48 $66 $60 $54

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Payrolls

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Total Payrolls ($Millions)

22

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $87,586 $7,975 $21,264 $58,346

New England 4.8% 7 $4,214 $417 $1,127 $2,670Connecticut 1.3% 23 $1,118 $101 $273 $744Maine 0.3% 38 $289 $37 $84 $167Massachusetts 2.3% 18 $1,977 $192 $507 $1,278New Hampshire 0.4% 37 $380 $41 $92 $246Rhode Island 0.3% 39 $287 $30 $99 $158Vermont 0.2% 46 $165 $17 $71 $77

Mid-Eastern 17.1% 3 $14,959 $1,254 $3,549 $10,155Delaware 0.1% 49 $65 $21 $31 $14Washington DC 0.2% 43 $199 $30 $36 $133Maryland 1.6% 21 $1,381 $113 $446 $823New Jersey 3.6% 9 $3,131 $252 $756 $2,124New York 4.7% 8 $4,144 $499 $1,250 $2,395Pennsylvania 6.4% 2 $5,644 $310 $985 $4,350West Virginia 0.4% 36 $393 $30 $46 $318

South Eastern 18.1% 2 $15,810 $1,654 $4,008 $10,147Alabama 0.7% 33 $582 $105 $236 $241Florida 3.2% 10 $2,819 $503 $1,006 $1,309Georgia 3.1% 12 $2,690 $223 $682 $1,785Kentucky 2.2% 19 $1,959 $88 $266 $1,606Mississippi 0.3% 41 $254 $50 $88 $116North Carolina 2.6% 15 $2,260 $253 $636 $1,371South Carolina 1.0% 28 $880 $93 $238 $549Tennessee 2.4% 17 $2,124 $150 $471 $1,504Virginia 2.6% 16 $2,241 $190 $386 $1,665

Great Lakes 29.2% 1 $25,550 $1,455 $4,663 $19,432Illinois 6.3% 4 $5,480 $382 $1,189 $3,909Indiana 3.1% 11 $2,756 $165 $424 $2,167Michigan 3.0% 13 $2,622 $239 $637 $1,747Minnesota 5.6% 5 $4,888 $166 $721 $4,001Ohio 4.8% 7 $4,220 $328 $1,053 $2,839Wisconsin 6.4% 3 $5,583 $175 $639 $4,769

North Central 7.4% 6 $6,445 $500 $1,502 $4,443Idaho 0.2% 42 $205 $39 $66 $100Iowa 1.4% 22 $1,205 $71 $296 $838Kansas 1.7% 20 $1,486 $83 $288 $1,115Missouri 2.8% 14 $2,461 $172 $499 $1,790Montana 0.2% 47 $157 $25 $74 $58Nebraska 0.6% 34 $499 $52 $157 $290North Dakota 0.1% 48 $127 $18 $54 $55South Dakota 0.3% 40 $268 $24 $58 $186Wyoming 0.0% 51 $37 $16 $9 $11

South Central 7.4% 5 $6,469 $838 $1,929 $3,702Arkansas 0.8% 30 $663 $67 $130 $466Louisiana 0.5% 35 $452 $96 $207 $150Oklahoma 0.8% 31 $660 $94 $170 $396Texas 5.4% 6 $4,695 $582 $1,422 $2,691

South Western 4.3% 8 $3,766 $478 $1,206 $2,083Arizona 1.1% 25 $999 $140 $351 $508Colorado 1.2% 24 $1,093 $169 $335 $590Nevada 0.7% 32 $609 $55 $171 $383New Mexico 0.2% 44 $186 $43 $71 $73Utah 1.0% 29 $878 $72 $278 $528

Western 11.8% 4 $10,349 $1,383 $3,305 $5,661Alaska 0.1% 50 $52 $20 $32California 9.3% 1 $8,169 $1,053 $2,527 $4,590Hawaii 0.2% 45 $169 $33 $53 $83Oregon 1.1% 26 $986 $114 $326 $546Washington 1.1% 27 $973 $163 $368 $442

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Sales

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Value of Sales/Shipments ($Millions)

23

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes 1-4

Empls.5-9

Empls.10-19

Empls.20-49

Empls.50-99

Empls.100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $87,586 $3,108 $4,867 $7,270 $13,994 $13,857 $22,122 $12,536 $9,831

New England 4.8% 7 $4,214 $161 $257 $373 $754 $709 $1,122 $467 $372Connecticut 1.3% 23 $1,118 $40 $60 $99 $174 $131 $355 $124 $135Maine 0.3% 38 $289 $15 $22 $18 $67 $32 $41 $94Massachusetts 2.3% 18 $1,977 $71 $121 $145 $362 $343 $512 $186 $237New Hampshire 0.4% 37 $380 $16 $24 $48 $45 $75 $108 $63Rhode Island 0.3% 39 $287 $11 $19 $41 $58 $113 $45Vermont 0.2% 46 $165 $6 $10 $23 $49 $15 $61

Mid-Eastern 17.1% 3 $14,959 $511 $744 $1,123 $2,427 $1,998 $3,832 $2,124 $2,200Delaware 0.1% 49 $65 $8 $13 $20 $10 $14Washington DC 0.2% 43 $199 $12 $19 $18 $18 $8 $68 $57Maryland 1.6% 21 $1,381 $46 $67 $138 $308 $248 $325 $250New Jersey 3.6% 9 $3,131 $101 $150 $203 $553 $405 $1,131 $284 $304New York 4.7% 8 $4,144 $216 $283 $444 $806 $611 $846 $373 $565Pennsylvania 6.4% 2 $5,644 $117 $193 $281 $704 $691 $1,394 $1,115 $1,149West Virginia 0.4% 36 $393 $11 $19 $19 $27 $22 $68 $46 $182

South Eastern 18.1% 2 $15,810 $669 $985 $1,450 $2,558 $2,751 $3,617 $2,464 $1,315Alabama 0.7% 33 $582 $41 $65 $88 $148 $85 $93 $63Florida 3.2% 10 $2,819 $232 $271 $402 $605 $486 $614 $210Georgia 3.1% 12 $2,690 $88 $134 $219 $464 $521 $535 $569 $161Kentucky 2.2% 19 $1,959 $38 $49 $81 $185 $299 $382 $251 $674Mississippi 0.3% 41 $254 $19 $31 $42 $45 $19 $97North Carolina 2.6% 15 $2,260 $91 $162 $208 $428 $415 $717 $240South Carolina 1.0% 28 $880 $32 $61 $87 $151 $207 $150 $192Tennessee 2.4% 17 $2,124 $62 $87 $160 $310 $406 $674 $282 $142Virginia 2.6% 16 $2,241 $66 $124 $164 $222 $313 $355 $658 $338

Great Lakes 29.2% 1 $25,550 $557 $899 $1,438 $3,224 $3,738 $7,134 $4,585 $3,975Illinois 6.3% 4 $5,480 $150 $232 $374 $815 $784 $1,856 $1,032 $237Indiana 3.1% 11 $2,756 $67 $98 $157 $267 $346 $668 $440 $713Michigan 3.0% 13 $2,622 $90 $148 $250 $387 $419 $819 $373 $136Minnesota 5.6% 5 $4,888 $62 $104 $188 $533 $714 $1,377 $1,147 $763Ohio 4.8% 7 $4,220 $119 $209 $277 $775 $656 $1,289 $497 $397Wisconsin 6.4% 3 $5,583 $68 $107 $193 $447 $819 $1,124 $1,095 $1,730

North Central 7.4% 6 $6,445 $191 $308 $511 $991 $1,244 $1,625 $920 $654Idaho 0.2% 42 $205 $13 $27 $27 $39 $49 $50Iowa 1.4% 22 $1,205 $35 $37 $101 $195 $236 $353 $111 $137Kansas 1.7% 20 $1,486 $26 $57 $83 $204 $293 $319 $375 $128Missouri 2.8% 14 $2,461 $71 $101 $171 $328 $449 $617 $335 $389Montana 0.2% 47 $157 $9 $16 $33 $41 $16 $41Nebraska 0.6% 34 $499 $18 $34 $39 $118 $145 $146North Dakota 0.1% 48 $127 $6 $12 $19 $35 $55South Dakota 0.3% 40 $268 $8 $15 $28 $29 $44 $43 $99Wyoming 0.0% 51 $37 $5 $10 $9 $11

South Central 7.4% 5 $6,469 $314 $525 $692 $1,237 $1,011 $1,120 $639 $932Arkansas 0.8% 30 $663 $24 $42 $40 $90 $99 $85 $72 $211Louisiana 0.5% 35 $452 $38 $57 $67 $139 $81 $68Oklahoma 0.8% 31 $660 $36 $58 $93 $77 $112 $17 $267Texas 5.4% 6 $4,695 $215 $367 $491 $931 $719 $950 $567 $454

South Western 4.3% 8 $3,766 $177 $301 $448 $757 $587 $907 $517 $72Arizona 1.1% 25 $999 $52 $88 $118 $233 $140 $296 $72Colorado 1.2% 24 $1,093 $63 $105 $149 $186 $89 $212 $289Nevada 0.7% 32 $609 $22 $33 $68 $103 $135 $178 $70New Mexico 0.2% 44 $186 $18 $25 $36 $35 $13 $15 $45Utah 1.0% 29 $878 $23 $50 $77 $200 $209 $206 $113

Western 11.8% 4 $10,349 $530 $853 $1,243 $2,062 $1,846 $2,724 $793 $297Alaska 0.1% 50 $52 $6 $14 $18 $14California 9.3% 1 $8,169 $402 $651 $949 $1,577 $1,431 $2,068 $793 $297Hawaii 0.2% 45 $169 $15 $18 $25 $28 $11 $72Oregon 1.1% 26 $986 $45 $69 $103 $222 $208 $339Washington 1.1% 27 $973 $63 $101 $148 $220 $197 $245

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by Sales

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Value of Sales/Shipments ($Millions)

24

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $2,454.4 $214.6 $735.6 $1,504.2

New England 4.9% 7 $119.1 $11.3 $39.4 $68.4Connecticut 1.3% 24 $31.2 $2.7 $9.8 $18.7Maine 0.3% 39 $8.3 $1.0 $2.9 $4.4Massachusetts 2.2% 18 $55.0 $5.2 $17.7 $32.1New Hampshire 0.4% 36 $10.9 $1.1 $3.1 $6.8Rhode Island 0.3% 38 $8.4 $0.8 $3.4 $4.3Vermont 0.2% 43 $5.3 $0.4 $2.6 $2.2

Mid-Eastern 17.1% 3 $419.0 $34.2 $124.8 $259.9Delaware 0.1% 49 $2.1 $0.6 $1.1 $0.4Washington DC 0.2% 47 $4.8 $0.8 $1.1 $2.9Maryland 1.7% 20 $41.3 $3.1 $15.8 $22.4New Jersey 3.5% 9 $87.0 $6.9 $26.2 $53.9New York 4.8% 8 $118.7 $13.7 $44.1 $60.8Pennsylvania 6.3% 3 $155.3 $8.3 $34.8 $112.2West Virginia 0.4% 37 $9.7 $0.8 $1.6 $7.3

South Eastern 18.3% 2 $448.6 $44.1 $138.0 $266.4Alabama 0.7% 31 $17.5 $2.7 $8.4 $6.4Florida 3.3% 10 $81.8 $13.4 $34.0 $34.4Georgia 3.1% 11 $76.6 $6.0 $23.6 $47.0Kentucky 2.1% 19 $51.4 $2.4 $9.1 $39.9Mississippi 0.3% 40 $7.6 $1.3 $3.1 $3.3North Carolina 2.7% 15 $65.9 $6.8 $21.9 $37.3South Carolina 1.0% 29 $25.0 $2.5 $8.1 $14.4Tennessee 2.5% 17 $61.1 $4.0 $16.3 $40.7Virginia 2.5% 16 $61.7 $5.1 $13.5 $43.1

Great Lakes 28.6% 1 $701.2 $39.5 $162.4 $499.3Illinois 6.4% 2 $157.1 $10.5 $42.0 $104.6Indiana 3.0% 13 $74.2 $4.4 $14.7 $55.1Michigan 3.0% 12 $74.7 $6.4 $22.3 $46.0Minnesota 5.3% 6 $131.3 $4.5 $25.0 $101.8Ohio 4.9% 7 $120.1 $8.9 $36.3 $74.9Wisconsin 5.9% 4 $143.9 $4.8 $22.3 $116.8

North Central 7.3% 6 $179.3 $13.4 $52.1 $113.8Idaho 0.2% 42 $6.1 $1.1 $2.3 $2.7Iowa 1.4% 22 $33.9 $1.9 $10.0 $22.0Kansas 1.6% 21 $39.3 $2.2 $10.1 $27.0Missouri 2.8% 14 $67.8 $4.7 $17.4 $45.7Montana 0.2% 44 $5.1 $0.7 $2.7 $1.6Nebraska 0.6% 34 $14.8 $1.4 $5.3 $8.2North Dakota 0.2% 48 $3.8 $0.5 $1.9 $1.3South Dakota 0.3% 41 $7.5 $0.6 $2.1 $4.8Wyoming 0.0% 51 $1.1 $0.4 $0.3 $0.3

South Central 7.4% 5 $181.4 $22.4 $66.5 $92.5Arkansas 0.7% 33 $17.3 $1.7 $4.5 $11.0Louisiana 0.6% 35 $14.0 $2.5 $7.3 $4.3Oklahoma 0.7% 32 $17.4 $2.5 $5.6 $9.3Texas 5.4% 5 $132.7 $15.6 $49.1 $68.0

South Western 4.4% 8 $109.1 $12.7 $42.0 $54.4Arizona 1.2% 25 $29.4 $3.7 $12.4 $13.3Colorado 1.3% 23 $31.7 $4.5 $11.9 $15.3Nevada 0.7% 30 $17.5 $1.5 $5.8 $10.3New Mexico 0.2% 45 $5.0 $1.2 $2.4 $1.5Utah 1.0% 28 $25.4 $1.9 $9.6 $13.9

Western 12.1% 4 $296.3 $37.0 $111.1 $148.2Alaska 0.1% 50 $1.7 $0.5 $1.2California 9.4% 1 $231.4 $28.3 $84.4 $118.7Hawaii 0.2% 46 $4.8 $0.8 $1.8 $2.1Oregon 1.2% 26 $29.3 $3.0 $11.2 $15.1Washington 1.2% 27 $29.1 $4.4 $12.5 $12.2

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by CapEx

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Value of Capital Expenditure ($M)

25

% of Total Region Rank and State Rank All Sizes 1-4

Empls.5-9

Empls.10-19

Empls.20-49

Empls.50-99

Empls.100-249Empls.

250-499Empls.

500+Empls.

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - $2,454.4 $83.7 $130.8 $255.8 $479.8 $390.9 $598.3 $303.8 $211.2

New England 4.9% 7 $119.1 $4.4 $7.0 $13.5 $25.9 $20.4 $30.6 $10.4 $6.9Connecticut 1.3% 24 $31.2 $1.1 $1.6 $3.8 $6.0 $3.7 $9.4 $2.6 $2.9Maine 0.3% 39 $8.3 $0.4 $0.6 $0.6 $2.3 $0.9 $1.1 $2.3Massachusetts 2.2% 18 $55.0 $2.0 $3.3 $5.1 $12.6 $9.9 $14.4 $3.9 $3.9New Hampshire 0.4% 36 $10.9 $0.4 $0.6 $1.7 $1.4 $2.2 $3.0 $1.6Rhode Island 0.3% 38 $8.4 $0.3 $0.5 $1.4 $1.9 $3.2 $1.0Vermont 0.2% 43 $5.3 $0.2 $0.3 $0.8 $1.8 $0.4 $1.7

Mid-Eastern 17.1% 3 $419.0 $13.9 $20.3 $40.2 $84.6 $56.8 $103.2 $52.5 $47.5Delaware 0.1% 49 $2.1 $0.2 $0.4 $0.7 $0.4 $0.4Washington DC 0.2% 47 $4.8 $0.3 $0.5 $0.5 $0.6 $0.2 $1.6 $1.1Maryland 1.7% 20 $41.3 $1.3 $1.9 $5.1 $10.7 $7.2 $8.9 $6.4New Jersey 3.5% 9 $87.0 $2.8 $4.2 $7.0 $19.2 $11.5 $30.4 $7.0 $5.0New York 4.8% 8 $118.7 $5.9 $7.8 $16.0 $28.1 $17.2 $22.5 $9.2 $11.9Pennsylvania 6.3% 3 $155.3 $3.1 $5.2 $10.1 $24.7 $19.7 $37.9 $28.0 $26.6West Virginia 0.4% 37 $9.7 $0.3 $0.5 $0.7 $0.9 $0.6 $1.9 $0.8 $4.0

South Eastern 18.3% 2 $448.6 $17.8 $26.3 $50.9 $87.2 $77.2 $99.1 $60.1 $30.0Alabama 0.7% 31 $17.5 $1.1 $1.6 $3.1 $5.4 $2.3 $2.6 $1.5Florida 3.3% 10 $81.8 $6.2 $7.1 $14.1 $19.9 $13.4 $16.9 $4.1Georgia 3.1% 11 $76.6 $2.4 $3.6 $7.7 $15.9 $15.0 $14.8 $13.7 $3.5Kentucky 2.1% 19 $51.4 $1.0 $1.3 $2.9 $6.3 $8.1 $10.7 $6.4 $14.7Mississippi 0.3% 40 $7.6 $0.5 $0.8 $1.4 $1.7 $0.6 $2.7North Carolina 2.7% 15 $65.9 $2.3 $4.4 $7.3 $14.6 $11.6 $19.7 $5.9South Carolina 1.0% 29 $25.0 $0.9 $1.6 $2.9 $5.2 $5.7 $4.0 $4.8Tennessee 2.5% 17 $61.1 $1.6 $2.4 $5.6 $10.7 $11.6 $18.5 $7.0 $3.7Virginia 2.5% 16 $61.7 $1.8 $3.4 $5.8 $7.7 $9.0 $9.3 $16.7 $8.1

Great Lakes 28.6% 1 $701.2 $15.3 $24.2 $51.4 $111.0 $106.2 $194.0 $112.7 $86.5Illinois 6.4% 2 $157.1 $4.2 $6.3 $13.6 $28.4 $22.2 $50.9 $26.3 $5.2Indiana 3.0% 13 $74.2 $1.8 $2.6 $5.6 $9.1 $9.8 $18.7 $10.9 $15.8Michigan 3.0% 12 $74.7 $2.4 $4.0 $8.9 $13.4 $11.7 $22.4 $9.0 $3.0Minnesota 5.3% 6 $131.3 $1.7 $2.8 $6.4 $18.6 $20.7 $37.5 $27.6 $16.0Ohio 4.9% 7 $120.1 $3.3 $5.6 $9.9 $26.3 $18.8 $34.8 $12.1 $9.2Wisconsin 5.9% 4 $143.9 $1.9 $2.9 $7.1 $15.3 $23.0 $29.6 $26.9 $37.3

North Central 7.3% 6 $179.3 $5.2 $8.3 $18.0 $34.0 $35.4 $43.4 $21.3 $13.6Idaho 0.2% 42 $6.1 $0.3 $0.7 $0.9 $1.4 $1.4 $1.3Iowa 1.4% 22 $33.9 $0.9 $0.9 $3.3 $6.7 $6.8 $9.8 $2.4 $3.0Kansas 1.6% 21 $39.3 $0.7 $1.5 $3.0 $7.1 $8.4 $8.5 $8.0 $2.2Missouri 2.8% 14 $67.8 $1.9 $2.8 $6.1 $11.3 $12.6 $16.2 $8.5 $8.5Montana 0.2% 44 $5.1 $0.3 $0.4 $1.3 $1.5 $0.5 $1.1Nebraska 0.6% 34 $14.8 $0.5 $0.9 $1.3 $3.9 $4.2 $4.0North Dakota 0.2% 48 $3.8 $0.2 $0.3 $0.7 $1.2 $1.3South Dakota 0.3% 41 $7.5 $0.2 $0.4 $1.1 $0.9 $1.2 $1.2 $2.5Wyoming 0.0% 51 $1.1 $0.2 $0.3 $0.3 $0.3

South Central 7.4% 5 $181.4 $8.3 $14.0 $24.0 $42.5 $28.6 $30.0 $15.0 $19.0Arkansas 0.7% 33 $17.3 $0.6 $1.1 $1.4 $3.1 $2.9 $2.1 $1.8 $4.2Louisiana 0.6% 35 $14.0 $1.0 $1.4 $2.3 $5.0 $2.4 $1.9Oklahoma 0.7% 32 $17.4 $0.9 $1.6 $3.2 $2.4 $3.1 $0.3 $5.8Texas 5.4% 5 $132.7 $5.7 $9.9 $17.2 $31.9 $20.3 $25.6 $13.2 $8.9

South Western 4.4% 8 $109.1 $4.8 $8.0 $15.6 $26.4 $16.2 $24.5 $12.5 $1.2Arizona 1.2% 25 $29.4 $1.4 $2.3 $4.1 $8.2 $4.0 $8.1 $1.2Colorado 1.3% 23 $31.7 $1.7 $2.8 $5.2 $6.7 $2.3 $5.9 $7.1Nevada 0.7% 30 $17.5 $0.6 $0.9 $2.3 $3.5 $3.8 $4.7 $1.7New Mexico 0.2% 45 $5.0 $0.5 $0.7 $1.2 $1.1 $0.4 $0.3 $0.8Utah 1.0% 28 $25.4 $0.6 $1.3 $2.7 $7.0 $5.6 $5.5 $2.8

Western 12.1% 4 $296.3 $14.2 $22.8 $42.4 $68.7 $50.7 $72.4 $18.6 $6.5Alaska 0.1% 50 $1.7 $0.2 $0.4 $0.7 $0.5California 9.4% 1 $231.4 $10.8 $17.5 $32.2 $52.2 $38.9 $54.7 $18.6 $6.5Hawaii 0.2% 46 $4.8 $0.4 $0.4 $0.9 $1.0 $0.3 $1.8Oregon 1.2% 26 $29.3 $1.2 $1.8 $3.6 $7.6 $5.9 $9.2Washington 1.2% 27 $29.1 $1.7 $2.7 $5.1 $7.4 $5.6 $6.7

US States + District of Columbia Ranked by CapEx

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Value of Capital Expenditure ($M)

26

% of Total Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9 Empls.

Medium: 10-49 Empls.

Large: >50+ Empls.

Employees/Estab. Employees Payrolls ($MM) Sales ($MM) CapEx ($MM)

U.S. states + DC 100.0% - 30,662 21,829 6,848 1,985 16.1 494,966 $22,192 $87,586 $2,454California 13.2% 1 4,049 2,954 890 205 12.5 50,523 $2,249 $8,169 $231Texas 7.0% 2 2,147 1,570 477 100 13.2 28,425 $1,270 $4,695 $133New York 6.5% 3 1,983 1,497 396 90 12.4 24,642 $1,139 $4,144 $119Florida 6.4% 4 1,950 1,541 348 61 9.2 17,995 $705 $2,819 $82Illinois 5.0% 5 1,540 1,048 363 129 19.3 29,742 $1,495 $5,480 $157Pennsylvania 4.0% 6 1,235 835 287 113 23.8 29,367 $1,399 $5,644 $155Ohio 4.0% 7 1,226 832 299 95 19.1 23,464 $1,069 $4,220 $120New Jersey 3.3% 8 1,003 709 224 70 17.9 17,977 $872 $3,131 $87Michigan 3.0% 9 920 643 213 64 16.0 14,759 $665 $2,622 $75North Carolina 3.0% 9 920 661 201 58 14.0 12,925 $516 $2,260 $66Georgia 3.0% 11 909 626 218 65 16.8 15,296 $675 $2,690 $77Wisconsin 2.5% 12 762 451 189 122 36.0 27,418 $1,305 $5,583 $144Minnesota 2.5% 13 757 442 208 107 32.4 24,564 $1,257 $4,888 $131Massachusetts 2.2% 14 688 490 153 45 17.4 11,990 $600 $1,977 $55Missouri 2.2% 15 677 460 156 61 20.2 13,692 $596 $2,461 $68

Top 15 US States Ranked by Number of Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Employees, Payrolls ($MM), Sales ($MM), CapEx ($MM)

27

% of Total Rank All Sizes Small: 1-9 Empls.

Medium: 10-49 Empls.

Large: >50+ Empls.

Employees/Estab. Employees Payrolls ($MM) Sales ($MM) CapEx ($MM)

US Total 100.0% - 30,662 21,829 6,848 1,985 16.1 494,966 $22,192 $87,586 $2,454New York-Newark-Jersey City 7.0% 1 2,141 1,641 407 93 12.6 27,024 $1,321 $4,419 $125Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 6.1% 2 1,872 1,326 424 122 14.2 26,641 $1,149 $4,317 $118Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 4.1% 3 1,255 845 303 107 17.8 22,325 $1,187 $3,989 $118Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington 2.5% 4 759 518 180 61 18.1 13,713 $656 $2,344 $64

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach 2.3% 5 708 579 109 20 8.2 5,777 $236 $918 $28

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 2.2% 6 666 466 150 50 20.3 13,488 $707 $2,449 $70Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell 2.0% 7 628 429 157 42 17.2 10,778 $493 $1,935 $54Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 1.9% 8 571 413 127 31 15.4 8,777 $422 $1,541 $43San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward 1.9% 9 570 423 122 25 11.3 6,451 $321 $1,014 $30Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington 1.8% 10 544 315 155 74 29.4 15,998 $890 $3,177 $87Boston-Cambridge-Newton 1.6% 11 497 352 114 31 18.3 9,094 $456 $1,459 $39Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land 1.6% 12 491 369 106 16 11.8 5,777 $283 $947 $27Detroit-Warren-Dearborn 1.3% 13 392 285 87 20 13.1 5,134 $252 $890 $26Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale 1.2% 14 377 265 94 18 13.5 5,093 $221 $791 $23San Diego-Carlsbad 1.2% 15 364 272 79 13 9.9 3,591 $161 $556 $16Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue 1.2% 16 363 251 90 22 12.7 4,601 $228 $757 $23St. Louis 1.2% 17 358 240 85 33 17.4 6,244 $290 $1,079 $31Denver-Aurora-Lakewood 1.1% 18 347 261 72 14 12.2 4,250 $195 $751 $22Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater 1.0% 19 313 242 58 13 11.4 3,556 $141 $561 $15Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro 1.0% 20 302 212 70 20 14.1 4,271 $219 $743 $22Cincinnati 0.9% 21 286 174 83 29 24.0 6,856 $350 $1,254 $36Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario 0.9% 22 272 203 60 9 10.5 2,864 $113 $440 $13Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford 0.9% 23 268 194 62 12 11.7 3,140 $125 $516 $15Kansas City 0.9% 24 266 171 66 29 25.0 6,650 $307 $1,238 $32Cleveland-Elyria 0.9% 25 264 186 58 20 19.0 5,012 $216 $922 $25

Top 25 US MSAs Ranked by Number of Establishments

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Employees, Payrolls ($MM), Sales ($MM), CapEx ($MM)

A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a geographic entity defined by the Office of Management and Budget for use by federal statistical agencies. An MSA consists of the county or counties (or equivalent entities) that are associated with at least one urbanized area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent counties that have a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured through studies of worker and other commuting in the area.

28

% of Total Estabs Rank (Popn.) All Sizes Small: 1-9

Empls.Medium: 10-49

Empls.Large: >50+

Empls.Employees/

Estab. Employees Payrolls ($MM) Sales ($MM) CapEx ($MM)

US Total 100.0% - 30,662 21,829 6,848 1,985 16.1 494,966 $22,192 $87,586 $2,454New York 8.2% 1 2,506 1,903 488 115 13.0 32,643 $1,575 $5,398 $153Los Angeles 7.3% 2 2,224 1,588 500 136 13.7 30,442 $1,302 $4,907 $136Chicago 4.2% 3 1,282 861 313 108 17.6 22,605 $1,199 $4,035 $119Washington D.C. 2.7% 4 842 586 203 53 16.9 14,224 $685 $2,526 $72San Francisco 3.0% 5 912 680 196 36 11.0 10,065 $485 $1,613 $47

Chicago CSA includes: Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, Ottawa-Peru, Kankakee, Michigan City-La PorteWashington D.C. CSA includes: Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, Hagerstown-Martinsburg, Chambersburg-Waynesboro, Winchester, California-Lexington Park, Easton, CambridgeSan Francisco CSA includes: San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Stockton-Lodi, Santa Rosa, Vallejo-Fairfield, Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Napa

Top 5 Combined Statistical Areas (CSA) ranked by Population

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 2015Employees, Payrolls ($MM), Sales ($MM), CapEx ($MM)

New York CSA is the combination of these Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: New York-Newark-Jersey City, Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, New Haven-Milford, Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Trenton, Torrington, Kingston, East StroudsburgLos Angeles CSA includes: Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

29

Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium LargeNew England 1,544 1,107 341 96 1,503 1,079 331 94 1,474 1,060 325 91 1,352 981 295 79Mid-Eastern 4,966 3,567 1,082 317 4,871 3,502 1,058 311 4,783 3,444 1,034 304 4,436 3,228 934 272South Eastern 6,296 4,605 1,328 363 6,310 4,631 1,321 360 6,324 4,653 1,314 359 6,449 4,810 1,287 350Great Lakes 5,823 3,840 1,410 573 5,623 3,709 1,358 555 5,540 3,657 1,335 549 5,136 3,405 1,226 506North Central 1,952 1,326 464 162 1,941 1,321 459 160 1,927 1,315 453 159 1,863 1,284 428 151South Central 3,022 2,233 656 133 2,957 2,189 639 130 2,924 2,171 627 127 2,785 2,086 582 117South Western 1,795 1,298 414 83 1,780 1,289 409 82 1,771 1,285 403 82 1,724 1,263 382 79Western 5,264 3,853 1,153 258 5,209 3,819 1,134 255 5,165 3,795 1,118 253 4,984 3,693 1,047 243

Total 30,662 21,829 6,848 1,985 30,194 21,541 6,707 1,947 29,909 21,380 6,609 1,920 28,729 20,751 6,179 1,798

Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium LargeNew England 24,555 3,753 7,303 13,500 24,189 3,744 7,302 13,142 23,834 3,692 7,233 12,906 21,834 3,539 6,920 11,377Mid-Eastern 84,009 11,379 23,342 49,289 83,877 11,511 23,391 48,974 82,439 11,397 23,042 48,000 76,677 11,359 22,096 43,221South Eastern 90,133 15,192 26,753 48,189 90,572 15,342 26,886 48,344 91,015 15,612 27,169 48,233 92,200 16,860 28,177 47,163Great Lakes 134,604 13,095 30,380 91,129 134,446 13,059 30,231 91,156 133,150 12,959 29,971 90,219 128,343 12,779 29,295 86,269North Central 35,835 4,518 9,739 21,577 36,632 4,706 9,963 21,964 35,380 4,534 9,648 21,198 33,278 4,446 9,130 19,701South Central 39,056 7,654 12,925 18,477 38,151 7,533 12,655 17,964 37,409 7,421 12,396 17,590 34,433 7,171 11,408 15,855South Western 22,856 4,426 8,084 10,346 23,372 4,589 8,292 10,491 23,190 4,544 8,201 10,447 23,190 4,670 8,131 10,389Western 63,941 12,718 22,749 28,474 62,054 12,291 22,005 27,757 62,415 12,352 22,152 27,911 60,278 11,835 21,195 27,248

Total 494,989 72,735 141,274 280,980 493,291 72,774 140,727 279,792 488,829 72,511 139,813 276,505 470,236 72,658 136,353 261,226

Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium LargeNew England 1,161 137 332 693 1,139 136 331 672 1,120 133 327 659 1,009 126 311 572Mid-Eastern 3,959 406 1,068 2,484 3,954 410 1,069 2,475 3,881 406 1,052 2,424 3,594 402 1,004 2,188South Eastern 3,732 482 1,057 2,194 3,746 486 1,060 2,200 3,757 493 1,069 2,195 3,790 532 1,105 2,154Great Lakes 6,400 452 1,357 4,591 6,388 449 1,348 4,591 6,324 445 1,336 4,542 6,072 436 1,302 4,333North Central 1,472 133 391 948 1,506 139 401 966 1,453 133 387 933 1,362 130 365 867South Central 1,684 240 512 931 1,640 236 501 903 1,606 232 490 884 1,467 224 447 797South Western 931 139 318 474 951 144 326 481 945 143 322 480 948 147 321 481Western 2,849 473 963 1,414 2,775 456 934 1,385 2,787 458 939 1,391 2,700 437 900 1,363

Total 22,188 2,462 5,998 13,728 22,099 2,456 5,968 13,674 21,872 2,443 5,923 13,506 20,941 2,433 5,755 12,753

Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium LargeNew England 4,214 417 1,127 2,670 4,070 402 1,095 2,573 3,981 393 1,073 2,516 3,513 357 974 2,183Mid-Eastern 14,959 1,254 3,549 10,155 14,750 1,225 3,493 10,032 14,454 1,202 3,429 9,823 13,106 1,114 3,169 8,823South Eastern 15,810 1,654 4,008 10,147 15,675 1,648 3,986 10,042 15,564 1,649 3,979 9,936 15,207 1,672 3,959 9,575Great Lakes 25,550 1,455 4,663 19,432 24,856 1,398 4,512 18,947 24,469 1,375 4,455 18,639 22,498 1,272 4,170 17,056North Central 6,445 500 1,502 4,443 6,388 493 1,487 4,408 6,315 488 1,474 4,352 5,995 469 1,407 4,119South Central 6,469 838 1,929 3,702 6,318 815 1,887 3,616 6,229 805 1,865 3,559 5,843 764 1,768 3,311South Western 3,767 478 1,206 2,083 3,737 472 1,198 2,067 3,721 470 1,192 2,060 3,636 457 1,159 2,020Western 10,349 1,383 3,305 5,661 10,277 1,362 3,277 5,638 10,210 1,350 3,257 5,603 9,991 1,304 3,170 5,517

Total 87,563 7,980 21,289 58,294 86,070 7,815 20,933 57,322 84,943 7,732 20,723 56,488 79,787 7,408 19,777 52,602

Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium Large Total Small Medium LargeNew England 119 11 39 68 115 11 38 66 112 11 37 64 99 9 33 56Mid-Eastern 419 34 125 260 413 33 123 257 405 33 120 252 367 30 111 226South Eastern 449 44 138 266 444 44 137 264 440 43 136 261 427 43 134 251Great Lakes 701 40 162 499 681 38 157 487 671 37 155 479 617 34 144 438North Central 179 13 52 114 177 13 51 113 175 13 51 111 165 12 48 105South Central 181 22 67 93 177 22 65 91 175 21 64 89 163 20 60 83South Western 109 13 42 54 109 13 42 54 108 13 41 54 105 12 40 53Western 296 37 111 148 294 37 110 148 292 36 109 147 285 34 106 145

Total 2,454 215 736 1,503 2,410 209 722 1,479 2,377 206 714 1,457 2,226 194 677 1,356

Shipments 2015 $MM Estimate 2016 $MM Estimate 2017 $MM Estimate 2022 $MM Forecast

Capex 2015 $MM Estimate 2016 $MM Estimate 2017 $MM Estimate 2022 $MM Forecast

Employment 2015 Actual 2016 Estimate 2017 Estimate 2022 Forecast

Payrolls 2015 $MM Actual 2016 $MM Estimate 2017 $MM Estimate 2022 $MM Forecast

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439), 20152015 Summary Data, 2016 and 2017 Estimated Data, 2022 Statistical Trend Forecast

Establishments 2015 Actual 2016 Estimate 2017 Estimate 2022 Forecast

30

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439)Establishments by State: All

31

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439)Establishments by MSA: All

32

General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services (NAICS 323 + 561439)

Total Establishments by Region

33

9. General Commercial Printing + Photocopying Services

(NAICS 323 + 561439)

Available Reports

34

Available Reports (continued)

35