global overview of el niÑo impacts on health...el niño: impacts and priorities for action rome, 17...
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El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
Jonathan Abrahams Emergency Risk Management and Humanitarian Response Department, WHO [email protected] Phone: +41 22 791 4366
GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF EL NIÑO IMPACTS
ON HEALTH
El Niño: Impacts And Priorities For Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
OUTLINE
IMPACT OF EL NIÑO ON HEALTH • How climate affects health
• The 2016-2016 El Niño
CURRENT AND PLANNED RESPONSES, IDENTIFY GAPS
AND PRIORITIES FOR ACTION • Routine and specific measures
• Gaps and priorities for action
KEY ACTION TO ENABLE EARLY RESPONSE AND
MITIGATION OF FUTURE RISKS • Risk management approach for resilient communities and health
systems
• Priority actions
1
2
3
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
IMPACT OF EL NIÑO ON HEALTH - HOW CLIMATE
AFFECTS HEALTH
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
HEALTH IMPACT OF EL NIÑO 2015-2016
• Malnutrition & medical complications - food security: Pacific (4.7 million), Central America (4.2m) southern Africa (30 m)
• Water-borne diseases: (e.g. cholera in Africa, Tanzania epidemic, 17 557 cases, 285 deaths)
• Vector-borne disease outbreaks - malaria, dengue, Zika (Americas, 0.4 – 1.3m Brazil)
• Other infectious diseases (e.g. meningitis, 13 outbreaks of measles – ETH)
• Disruption to health services - lack of water supply (PNG); - damage to health infrastructures (floods/cyclones , Fiji, Paraguay); - continuity of care for HIV, chronic diseases
• Respiratory disease – wildfire smoke, air quality (south-east Asia)
• Injuries, fatalities, population displacement and psycho-social effects
• Surveillance for Rift Valley Fever (90 000 cases, 500 deaths in 1997-98)
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
CURRENT & PLANNED RESPONSES TO HEALTH
RISKS
•Disease surveillance and control
•Safe water and sanitation services
•Health and hygiene promotion
•Emergency/essential health supplies
•Vaccination
•Continued access to health care •Resilient health systems
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
WHO ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES & PARTNERS
•National health contingency plans
•Public health risk assessments (Ethiopia, PNG,
PICs)
•Surveillance - EWARS in a box (e.g. Ethiopia)
•Technical personnel (ETH, SOM, TAN, PNG,
PICs)
•Coordination: Government, UN, Health, WASH,
Nut, FSec
• IRI forecasts, WMO collaboration, El Niño fact
sheet
•Global/regional advocacy & reports
•AFRO El Niño regional preparedness &
response strategy
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
UNMET NEEDS – PAPUA NEW GUINEA
• Health Cluster coordination, planning, risk/resource
monitoring - national/provincial health, NDMO, clusters
• Surveillance/EWARS epidemic diseases – 11 hospitals; 22
health centres
• Response planning, training of health facility staff
• Drugs/supplies: investigation, ORS, fluids, vaccines, PPE
• Safe water supply (carted by water trucks)
• Training in WASH, waste management, water saving
• Management of acute malnutrition (with Nutrition Cluster)
screening, surveys, therapeutic feeding, oral medication
stabilization kits, training on SAM with medical complications
• Technical support – deployment of experts
(WHO - USD800k)
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
UNMET NEEDS - ETHIOPIA
• 10 million – food assistance; 435 000 children SAM
• 5.8m lack access to safe WASH; Acute watery diarrhoea
(460 cases)
• Measles (1366 – 13 outbreaks); Dengue (1100 cases)
• Scabies (391 084 cases)
• 3.6 million people targeted by Health Cluster (22 partners)
• Health/nutrition monitoring, training, supplies, coordination
• Roll out of the Early Warning Systems
• Life-saving interventions for malnutrition, diseases FUNDING REQUIREMENTS
FUNDED
WHO REQUESTED US$9.4MILLION
GAP US$8.1MILLION
HEALTH SECTOR REQUESTED US$33.6
MILLION
GAP US$28.6 MILLION
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
EARLY RESPONSE/MITIGATION OF FUTURE RISKS
• Coherence, integrated planning, action & investment
Development (SDGs/UNDAFs),
Disaster Risk Reduction (Sendai Framework),
Climate change (Paris Agreement)
• Strategic direction for EDRM-H for integration of:
health systems
universal health coverage
health security, International Health Reg (2005)
disaster risk management
climate resilient health systems
a bridge within health sector and with other sectors
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
10 COMPONENTS FOR
EMERGENCY AND DISASTER
RISK MANAGEMENT FOR
HEALTH (PROPOSED)
1. Policies, legislation and strategies
2. Human resources
3. Financial resources
4. Planning and coordination
5. Monitoring and evaluation
6. Information and knowledge
management
7. Risk communications
8. Health infrastructure and logistics
9. Health and related services
10. Community EDRM-H capacities
Risk-based
Proactive
All-hazard
Vulnerability and capacity
- focus
Whole-of-
society/multisectoral
Shared responsibility of
health systems
Risk management
Planning with
communities
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
10 COMPONENTS TO BUILD CLIMATE-RESILIENT
HEALTH SYSTEMS
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
EARLY RESPONSE/MITIGATION OF FUTURE RISKS
Priority Actions – Country Capacities : • Joint risk assessments and planning
• Early warning systems (including health in Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems)
• Incident management systems - Exercise management
• Risk communications
• Safe hospitals
• Partnership and collaboration (e.g. WHO/WMO Climate & Health Office)
El Niño Preparedness and Response actions:
1. Assess/monitor how El Niño can alter health risks in your area 2. Develop & activate preparedness & response measures 3. Develop communication strategies with NMHS and partners
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
U
ABOUT 100 ACUTE HEALTH EVENTS ANNUALLY
El Niño: Impacts and Priorities for Action
Rome, 17 March 2016
WHO AFRO EL NIÑO PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
HIGH LEVEL MEETING FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA
JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA, 12-13 APRIL 2016 (POSTPONED(
MORE INFORMATION AT:
http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/en/
WHO HQ:
Mr Jonathan Abrahams
Emergency Risk Management and
Humanitarian Response Department
Phone: +41 22 791 4366