gulf of california case study. u n i t e d s t a t e s so n o r a s i n a lo a nayarit baja...
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Gulf of California Case Study
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
A Unique Ecosystem
Marine area38,782,015 ha
Terrestrial area41,048,263 ha
High primary Productivitytwo upwellings per year
Coastal wetlands600,000 ha
Mangroves256,000 ha
Marine Habitat - Coral reef- Rocky reef- Soft sea beds- Seagrass beds- Hidrothermal vents
930 Islands
891 fishes
Biological richness
181 seabirds
34 marine mammals
831 endemic species Phocoena sinus Vaquita
Totoaba macdonaldi Totoaba
6 marine reptiles
4,853 macro-invertebrates
16 IUCN Red List
6,000 species of marine macro fauna
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
Biological Importance
Areas of Biological Importance
Marine and Coastal Protected Areas, less than 4% and 0.004% is no-take zone
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
History of the region’s transformation 16 Native ethnic groups
Christian missions 1522-1531Subsistence agriculture1530Mining 1800
CommunicationsSteam boats Railway route 1882-1930
FisheriesOutboard-motors boats 1930Shrimp trawlers 1940-1980
Mechanized agriculture(1940-1970)DamsAgriculture district
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
Socio - economic trends
Agriculture, livestock, mining and fisheries 11.2% (0.7)
Commerce, Tourism33.8% (4.5)
Contributions to regional economy(av. 20 yr growth)
Manufacturing 18.2% (4.7)
Financial services 15.9% (5.8)
Socio - economic trends
Building Capacity for Management
Acad
emy
State Universities Regional Research
Centers Sea of Cortez Research
Society
70’s to 80’s
Government
90’s
International NGOs Local and National NGOs Government presence in PA’s SEMARNAT G of C Coalition ALCOSTA FMCN
Government
Acad
emy
NGO’s
2000
Gulf of California
Fund
Regional
Leadership GroupR
eso
urc
es u
sers
Government
Acad
emy
NGO’s
National Fisheries
Institute
Regional Centers for
Fisheries Research
Government
50’s to 70’s
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
Prime Fishing Grounds
Industrial (sardine) and Sport
Small scale Shrimp trawling
Priorities for Nautical Tourism
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
Nautical Tourism
U N I T E D S T A T E S
So n o r a
S i n a lo a
Nayarit
Baja C
aliforn
ia
Baja C
alifornia Sur
M E X I C O
Priorities for Conservation
Improved managementof protected areas
50% shrimp trawlersbuyout and improvedtechnology
Integrated management of coastal wetlands
15% of the marine zone with MPA by 2020
Re-orientation of the Nautical Staircase
United intersectorial efforts to define solutions to threats are critical for conservation.
Governance structures are very important for real natural resource management.
Marine protected areas are useful tools to control open access and support fisheries management.
Ultimatly, negociating changed behavior produces results, not the imposition of the values of one group on another
Our Learning
Sustained progress towards unambiguous goals is being made at the Large Coastal Ecosystem (LCE) scale
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef The North American Great Lakes The Wadden Sea The Chesapeake Bay
The greatest returns on investment are seen when LCE management occurs before restoration of lost qualities is the priority
Global Learning
The Gulf of California Joint Initiativefor social well being and conservation
Leaders in the environmental community
Leaders in national and state government
Leaders in the business community
Secure Presidential endorsementSecure Presidential endorsement
A critical path to a positive future
Articulate a common regional vision that:
Secure core funding and an implementing structureSecure core funding and an implementing structure
Negotiate a Regional Agreement through stakeholder Negotiate a Regional Agreement through stakeholder negotiations and public reviewnegotiations and public review
Specifies ambitious, measurable goalsSpecifies ambitious, measurable goals
Addresses the major issues and stakeholder interestsAddresses the major issues and stakeholder interests
Endorsing Organizations