hf]lvd disaster risk joj:yfkg management ;|f]t;fdu|l toolkit tool kit 2018-09-15 18-21-23.pdf · 5...
TRANSCRIPT
Disaster Risk Management
Toolkit
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ljifo ;d]6]/ tof/ ul/Psf] k|:t't ;|f]t ;fdu|Ln] ljkb\sf] ;du| cj:yf / d'n'sn] cjnDag
u/]sf gLltut Joj:yf;DaGwL hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; ub{5 / o;n] k|sf]k k"j{tof/L ;~hfn–g]kfn jf o;sf] tof/Lsf nflu
;xof]u ug]{ lgsfo Osf]sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ld;g O:6 / ;]e b lrN8«]gsf] sG;f]l6{odf ;~rflnt g]kfnsf] e'sDk k|efljt
If]qx?df k'gnf{e tyf k'glg{df{0ffsf nflu ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;dfj];L ljkb\ k"j{tof/L k|a4{g sfo{qmdsf] gLltut cjwf/0ff
k|:t't u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g . k|:t't ;fdu|L ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf If]qnfO{ ;an / ;Ifd agfpg ;xof]uL x'g] ljZjf;
ul/Psf] 5 .
k|:t't ;fdu|L ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu ;|f]t pNn]v u/L k'gM k|sfzg / ljt/0f ug{ afwf k'Ug]5}g . To;/L k|sflzt ;fdu|Lsf]
s]xL k|lt k|sf]k k"j{tof/L ;~hfn–g]kfndf k7fOlbg cfu|x ul/G5 .
2
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL gof“ P]gsf] cfjZostf
d'n'ssf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@
n] lbPsf clwsf/sf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog cfjZos 5 .
vf;u/L ax"–ljkb\sf] pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] g]kfnn]
ljkb\–pTyfgzLn ljsf;sf dfWodaf6 lbuf] ljsf; nIo
k|flKtnfO{ oyf;So ;'lglZrt ug'{ kg]{5 .
g]kfnn] Xof]uf] sfo{9fFrf / ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o
/0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 k|fKt pknlAwnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbFb}
;]G8fO sfo{9fFrfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf ljZjJofkL nIo k|fKtLsf
nflu lgwf{/0f ePsf k|fyldstfsf] sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 .
cfd gful/ssf] ;'/lIft hLjg ;'lglZrt ug{, ljkb\ /
hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 kg]{ k|lts"n k|efjsf] ;fdgf ug]{
Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{5 . o;sf nflu lgoldt ljsf;
k|lqmofdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's"ngnfO{ ;dflxt ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
ljkb\\ k"j{tof/L, k|ltsfo{, k'gnf{e, k'glg{df{0f / k'gM:yfkg
tyf o;;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ g]kfnsf]
;+ljwfgn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] s]Gb|, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf]
lhDd]jf/LnfO{ lj:tfl/t u/L sfo{ ug'{ lgtfGt cfjZos
5 .
b}jLk|sf]k -p4f/_ P]g, @)#( nfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/L
/fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o txdf ul/Psf k|lta4tf, ljsf;
/ ljgfzaLrsf] cGt;{DaGwdf ePsf n]vfhf]vf / Iflt
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
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3
Go"gLs/0f ljlwnfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L ;dofg's"n æljkb\\
Joj:yfkg P]gÆ agpg' cfjZos 5 . tn plNnlvt
sf/0fn] klg ;do ;fk]If P]gsf] cfjZostfnfO{ cem :ki6
kb{5 M
n ljkb\\sf] kl/efiffnfO{ lj:tf/ u/L u}/–k|fs[lts ljkb\\nfO{
;d]t ;d]6]/ ;do;fk]If Joj:yfkg ug{ .
n /fli6«o ljkb\\ Joj:yfkg kl/ifb\sf] Joj:yf u/L ;DalGwt
lgsfox?sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ :ki6 kfg{ /
sfof{Gjogsf] k|Tofe"lt u/fpg .
n ablnFbf] ;ª\3Lo ;+/rgfcg'?k ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf
nflu ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f ;'lglZrt ug{ .
n g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cg';f/
ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] ;a} txsf
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;d]t sfd,
st{Jo, clwsf/ / lhDd]jf/L lgwf{/0f ug{ .
n ljkb\af6 k|efljt dflg; jf ;d'bfosf] ;Ddfghgs
dfgj clwsf/sf] /Iff ;'lglZrt ug{ .
n ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^ cg'?k
ePsf sfo{nfO{ ;'b[9Ls/0f ub}{ afFsL /x]sf sfo{nfO{
;d]t ;d]6]/ aGb} u/]sf] /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgfsf]
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] dfu{ k|z:t ug{ .
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf xfn;Dd ePsf c;n
sfo{nfO{ cg's/0f ub}{ x'g g;s]sf sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg .
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
n ljkb\–k"j{, ljkb\sf] ;dodf / ljkb\kl5 ul/g]
sfo{x¿nfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy ;~rfng u/L k|efljt
dflg;sf] ;'/lIft eljiosf] k|Tofe"lt ub}{ ljkb\af6 x'g]
;du| IfltnfO{ pNn]vgLo ¿kdf sd ug{ ;+:yfut /
of]hgfa4 sfo{qmdnfO{ sfg'gåf/f g} ;'lglZrt ug{ .
n lbuf] ljsf;sf nIo k|fKtL, ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf
ljZj ;Dd]ng, hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ljZj
;Dd]ngh:tf cGt/f{li6«o d~rx?df ;/sf/n] u/]sf
k|lta4tfsf] sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ .
n ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ ljsf; k|lqmofdf d"n
k|jfxLs/0f u/L ;Defljt hf]lvdnfO{ sd u/L ljkb\
pTyfgzLn ljsf; k|Tofe"t ug{ .
n cfkTsfnLg k|ltsfo{nfO{ ;xh, ;/n / k|efljt ;d'bfosf] kx'Fr sfod ug]{ u/L ;a}eGbf a9L k|efljt x'g] ju{sf] clwsf/sf] /Iff, cfkTsfnLg Joj:yfkgdf tL ju{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] ;'lglZrt ub}{ JolQmsf] ;'/lIft tyf ;Ddfghgs hLjg afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ k|Tofe"t ug{ .
n cfkTsfnLg k"j{tof/L / e08f/0f Joj:yfnfO{ s/d'Qm u/L dfgjLo ;xof]u kl/rfngnfO{ Go"g nfut jftfj/0f k|bfg ug{, k|ltsfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L / ljZj;gLo agfpg vf]h tyf p4f/ /0fgLltcg'?ksf sfo{nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ .
d'n'ssf] ;du| ljsf;df ;3fp k'¥ofpg] ljkb\\ hf]lvd /fli6«o /0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ / cfd gful/ssf] ;'/lIft
hLjg afFRgkfpg] clwsf/ ;'lgZrt ug{ ;dofg's"n ljkb\\ Joj:yfkg P]g oyfzL3| cfpg' h?/L 5 .
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4
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ df ePsf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL] Joj:yf
g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgn] ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{
k|fyldstf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . o;n] jt{dfg ;ª\3Lo
;+/rgfcg'?k ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tLgj6} txdf ;zQm
/ k|efjsf/L sfo{ ug{ dfu{bz{g u/]sf] 5 M
;ª\3 / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/sf] ;"rLsf] qm= ;+= @) df k|fs[lts tyf u}/k|fs[lts ljkb\ k"j{tof/L, p4f/ tyf
/fxt / k'gnf{esf sfo{sf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 h;nfO{
;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL – & wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -#_, wf/f
!)(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(& ;Fu ;DalGwt
/x]sf] 5 .
:yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL qm=;+= @) df ljkb\
Joj:yfkg /x]sf] 5 h'g ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL– * wf/f %&
sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f @!$ sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @@! sf]
pkwf/f -@_ / wf/f @@^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt]
df /x]sf] 5 .
;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;femf ;"rL qm=;+= ( df ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf Joj:yf u/]sf] 5, h'g
;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL– ( wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -%_, wf/f !)
(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(&, wf/f @!$ sf]
pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @@! sf] pkwf/f -@_ / wf/f @@^ sf]
pkwf/f -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt /x]sf] 5 .
ljkb\ ;DaGwL ljBdfg sfg'gL b:tfj]h
n b}jLk|sf]k -p4f/_ P]g, @)#(
n ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^
n ljkb\ k"j{tof/L tyf k|ltsfo{ of]hgf th{'df dfu{bz{g,
@)^&
n /fli6«o ljkb\ k|ltsfo{sf] sfo{9fFrf, @)&)
n k|wfgdGqL b}jLk|sf]k p4f/ sf]if ;~rfng lgodfjnL,
@)^#
n ljkb\ kZrfTsf] zj Joj:yfkg;DaGwL dfu{bz{g, @)^*
n k|sf]k kLl8t p4f/ / /fxt;DaGwL dfkb08, @)^$
n g]kfn ;/sf/sf] *# j6f v'Nnf If]q sfod ug]{ lg0f{o,
@)^(
n lhNnf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf th{'df lgb]{lzsf, @)^(
n :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf th{'df
lgb]{lzsf, @)^*
n ljkb\ kLl8t k'gjf{; ;~rfng sfo{ljlw, @)&!
n af?0foGq ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw, @)^&
n hn pTkGg k|sf]k Joj:yfkg gLlt, @)^@
n jg 89]nf] Joj:yfkg /0fgLlt, @)^&
n jGohGt'af6 ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf x'g] Ifltsf] /fxt ;xof]u
;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^%
n jGohGt'af6 x'g] Ifltsf] /fxt ;xof]u lgb]{lzsf, @)^(
n a8{ k\mn' lgoGq0f cfb]z, @)^$, @)^%, @)^&
n /fxt sfo{qmd tyf cg'udg sfo{of]hgf
ljkb\ ;DaGwL ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yf
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
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5
n c:ktfnsf] nflu cfkTsfnLg k"j{tof/L / ljkb\
Joj:yfkg dfu{bz{g
n lhNnf:t/Lo cfsl:dstf of]hgf k'l:tsf g]kfn, @)^^
n /fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f P]g, @)&@
xfnsf] P]gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfM
n g]kfn ;/sf/, u[x dGqfnon] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf] k|d'v
lgsfosf] ?kdf e"ldsf lgjf{x ub{5 .
n ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^
d'Votof Xof]uf] sfo{;+/rgfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf kIfx¿sf]
sfof{Gjog ug{ th'{df ul/Psf] xf] . o; /0fgLltdf
d"n ¿kdf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f, k"j{tof/L, k|ltsfo{
/ k'gnf{esf If]qx¿ ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . o; /0fgLltn]
ljkb\df ljifout dGqfnox?n] ljleGg r/0fdf lgjf{x
ug{' kg]{ e"ldsfnfO{ :ki6 dfu{bz{g u/]sf] 5 . ljkb\
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ngnfO{
/fli6«o k|fyldstf lbg / ljkb\ pTyfgzLn ;d'bfosf]
ljsf; ug{ ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f ug'{kg]{ s'/fnfO{ ;d]t
k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 .
n ljkb\ hf]lvd /fli6«o /0fgLltcGtu{t ePsf sfo{nfO{
cfTd;ft\ ub}{ u[x dGqfnon] ;a} ljifout dGqfno /
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf ;xeflutfdf ;]08fO sfo{9fFrf
cg'?k ljkb\ hf]lvd /fli6«o /0fgLlt / /0fgLlts
sfo{of]hgf tof/ ub}{5 .
b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ P]g, @)#(
n b'O{ k6s ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] ePtf klg ljkb\ Joj:yfkg
k|lqmofnfO{ o;n] k"0f{ ¿kdf ;d]6\g ;s]sf] 5}g .
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;/sf/L bfloTj / sfo{If]qdf
/fvL ljsf; of]hgfdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{
d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{ dfu{bz{g ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
n ljkb\–k"j{, ljkb\sf] ;dodf / ljkb\kl5 ug'{kg]{ sfo{nfO{
;xh agfpg] kIfdf k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5}g .
n o; P]gn] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;'b[9 ;+:yfut
;+/rgfsf] Joj:yfnfO{ uf}0f dfg]sf] 5 .
n b}jL k|sf]k -p4f/_ P]g, @)#( n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf
k|fljlws kIf, cWoog, cg';Gwfg / hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf
ljifonfO{ lbzflgb]{z ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf ;a} r/0fdf ;fj{hlgs lghL
;fem]bf/Lsf] k|a4{gnfO{ P]gn] dfu{ k|z:t ug{ ;s]sf]
5}g .
s:tf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g cfjZos 5 t <
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdfkm{t\ ljkb\ pTyfgzLn d'n'ssf]
kl/sNkgf ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ / st{JonfO{ ;a} txdf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;Sg]
k|efjsf/L P]gsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 .
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ ljsf; k|lqmofdf d"nk|jfxLs/0f
ug{ ljleGg txdf lgDg cg';f/sf] sfg'gL / ;+:yfut
;+/rgfsf] ljsf; clgjfo{ zt{ b]lvPsf] 5 M
;ª\3M
n ljkb\\ Joj:yfkgsf nflu clwsf/;DkGg lgsfo
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkg /fli6«o kl/ifb\
n ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ;ldlt
n cfkTsfnLg k"j{tof/L tyf k|ltsfo{ ;ldlt
n ljkb\\ k'gnf{e tyf k'glg{df{0f ;ldlt
k|b]zM
n ljkb\\ Joj:yfkg k|b]z lgsfo
n k|b]z ljkb\ Joj:yfkg k|fb]lzs kl/ifb\
n ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f k|fb]lzs ;ldlt
n cfkTsfnLg k"j{tof/L tyf k|ltsfo{ ;ldlt
n ljkb\\ k'gnf{e tyf k'glg{df{0f ;ldlt
lhNnf tx
n lhNnf ljkb\ k|ltsfo{ ;ldlt
n lhNnf ljkb\\ Joj:yfkg ;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo tx
n :yfgLo ljkb\\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf tyf ;dGjo ;ldlt
n jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg zfvf
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
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6
g]kfndf ljkb\sf] cj:yf
n g]kfn e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL, tftf] xfjf -n"_, zLtnx/, r6\ofª, x'/L–atf;, cl;gf, v8]/L, dxfdf/Lh:tf
ljkb\hGo 36gfsf sf/0f pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] 5 . oL 36gfaf6 jif]{gL 7"nf] dfqfdf dfgjLo, cfly{s, ef}lts /
;fdflhs Iflt eO/x]sf] 5 .
n lj;+= @)%) df b]ze/ uPsf] af9L, @)^% ;fndf sf]zLsf] t6aGw km'6]/ uPsf] af9L, lj;+= @)^( df ;]tL gbLdf uPsf]
a]df};dL af9L, lj;+= @)&) df ;'b"/ klZrdsf] bfr'{nfdf uPsf] af9L / lj;+= @)&! df dWo–klZrdsf afFs], alb{of, ;'v]{t
/ bfªdf uPsf] af9L g]kfnsf ljgfzsf/L af9Lsf pbfx/0f x'g\ . tYofª\ cg';f/ ;g\ !(&! b]lv @)!% leq af9Lsf
sf/0f $,((& dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal and data assessment and data compilation) .
n ljqmd ;Dat\ @)^# df /fd]5fkdfdf uPsf] klx/f], @)^* df ?s'dnufot d'n'ssf ljleGg :yfgdf uPsf klx/f], @)&!
;fndf l;Gw'knf~rf]s lhNnfdf uPsf] klx/f], @)&# df Ko'7fg, wflbª, ef]hk'/, kfFry/ cflb lhNnfdf uPsf klx/f]af6
cyfx hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . pknAw tYofª\ cg';f/ ;g\ !(&! b]lv @)!% leq klx/f]df k/]/ $,*#@ dflg;sf]
d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal and data compilation) .
n lj;+= !((), @)$%, @)^*, @)&@ df uPsf 7"nf e"sDk / klZrd g]kfndf uPsf ;–;fgf e"sDkaf6 ePsf Ifltn] g]kfnsf]
cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljsf;df lgs} 7"nf] Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;g\ !(&! b]lv @)!% sf] cjlwdf e"sDkaf6 (,*%) dflg;sf]
d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal/ Gorkha Earthquake 2072, MoHA) .
n @)^% ;fndf klZrd g]kfndf km}lnPsf] dxfdf/L kl5Nnf] ;dosf] ;a}eGbf ljgfzsf/L ljkb\ xf] . g]kfndf oftfoft
b'3{6gfkl5 ;a}eGbf a9L dfgjLo Iflt dxfdf/Laf6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ !(&! b]lv @)!@ ;Ddsf] cjlwdf dxfdf/Lsf
sf/0f !^,%^# dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal) .
n kl5Nnf] ;dodf zLtnx/n] t/fO{sf @) j6f lhNnf cTolws k|efljt eO/x]sf 5g\ . zLtnx/af6 ;g\ !(&! b]lv @)!%
sf] cjlwdf %!% dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal) . xfn;Dd zLtnx/af6 t/fO{df pTkfbg x'g] gub]afnL / t/sf/Ldf slt Iflt eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] cWoog x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f o;af6 eO/x]sf]
cfly{s Ifltsf] tYofª\s k|fKt x'g] cj:yf b]lvFb}g .
6
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
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ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
7
jif{ d[To' j]kQf 3fOt]@)^( #(( %# $^)
@)&) $!& !*@ $)&
@)&! %#( @** $*$
@)&@ (,@*( @#^ @@,^%@
@)&# $*# $( *$#
hDdf !!,!@& *)* @$,*$^
;|f]tM g]kfn ;/sf/, u[x dGqfno, @)&$
n s]xL jif{otf g]kfndf r6\ofªsf] 36gfdf j[l4 eO/x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . r6\ofª\df k/]/ / zLtnx/af6 ;g\ !(&! b]lv
@)!% sf] $$ jif{df !,^#! dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 (Nepal Disaster Report, 2013, MoHA/DPNet-Nepal and data compilation) .
plNnlvt 36gfsf ;fy} g]kfnn] ;d'b|L cfFwLsf] ;d]t k|efjsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] pbfx/0f ut jif{ x'b\x'b\ cfFwLsf] k|efjnfO{
lng ;lsG5 . lxdklx/f], lxdtfn ljikmf]6af6 pTkGg af9L, 3/fo;L cfunfuL, 89]nf], ;8s b'3{6gf cflbaf6 eO/x]sf]
hgwgsf] Iflt w]/} ljgfzsf/L /x]sf] 5 .
af9L, klx/f], ;'Vvf v8]/Laf6 jif]{gL lj:yflkt dflg;sf] k'gM:yfkg x'g g;Sg' tyf pgLx? k'gM pRr af9L / klx/f]h:tf
pRr hf]lvdo'Qm :yfgdf a:g afWo x'g' ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu ;jf{lws r'gf}tL b]lvPsf] 5 .
g]kfndf ljleGg ljkb\sf sf/0f @)^( b]lv @)&# ;Ddsf] % jif{df ePsf]
dfgjLo Ifltsf] tYofª\s lgDgcg';f/ 5 M
ljkb\sf sf/0f lj;+= @)&) df b'O ca{eGbf a9L cfly{s Iflt ePsf] cg'dfg
ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/, u[x dGqfnoaf6 @)&# df k|sflzt æuf]/vf e"sDk–@)&@Æ cg';f/
lj;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sf/0f *,(&) dflgsf]
d[To' ePsf] lyof] . h;df %^ k|ltzt dlxnf k/]sf] lyP . o; e"sDkdf k/L
@@,#)@ hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP . o;}u/L e"sDkaf6 !),&@, )(# lghL 3/,
(,)*^ ljBfno, !,@@& :jf:Yo ;+:yf / !$,#(@ cGo ;fj{hlgs ejgdf Iflt
ePsf] lyof] .
n ax"ljkb\sf] hf]lvddf ljZjdf @) cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 (UNDP, 2005) .
n e"sDkLo hf]lvddf s7df8f}+ pkTosf ljZjsf @! ;x/dWo] pRr hf]lvddf 5 (UNDP, 2005) .
n e"sDkLo hf]lvddf !(* d'n'sdWo] !! cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 -o"Pgl8kL÷aL;LkLcf/, @))$_ .
n hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] hf]lvddf $ cf}+ :yfgdf 5 -Dofkn qmfkm\6 @)!!_ .
n kfgLhGo ljkb\sf] hf]lvddf #) cf}+ :yfgdf 5 -o"Pgl8kL÷aL;LkLcf/, @))$_ .
n k|To]s lbg cf}iftdf # hgfsf] d[To' x'g] u/]sf] 5 eg] k|To]s jif{ xhf/f}+ dflg; lj:yflkt x'G5g\
8
uf]/vf e""sDk / o;sf] l;sfO
g]kfndf e"sDksf] hf]lvd
ljZjsf !(* d'n'sdWo] g]kfn e"sDkLo hf]lvdleq !! cf}+
:yfgdf /x]sf] 5 (UNDP/BCPR, 2004) .
g]kfn pQ/lt/ /x]sf] ltAa]tLog 6]S6f]lgs Kn]6 /
blIf0flt/ /x]sf] Ol08og 6]S6f]lgs Kn]6sf] s]Gb| laGb'df
/x]sf] sf/0f e"sDksf] pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o
tyf cGt/f{li6«o e"ue{ljb\x?sf cg';f/ oL b'O{ Kn]6sf]
bjfjaf6 pTkGg eP/ ;l~rt /x]sf] zlQm @)&@ ;fnsf]
e"sDkaf6 k"0f{ ?kdf pT;h{g x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n]
g]kfn 7"nf] e"SDk hfg;Sg] ;Defjgfaf6 aflx/ 5}g . cem
klZrd g]kfndf ljut %)) jif{otf 7"nf] e"sDk guPsfn]
Tof] If]q cem hf]lvddf /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf e"sDk hfg] oyfy{nfO{ 6fg{ ;lsFb}g / o;af6
lg/fz / xtf; x'g' klg x'Fb}g . e"sDksf] pRr hf]lvddf
/x]sf sf/0f g} xfdLn] o;af6 x'g;Sg] Iflt 36fpg
cNkLs/0f (Mitigation) / k|ltsfo{sf nflu k"j{tof/L
(Preparedness for response) sf sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg' h?/L 5 .
g]kfnsf 7"nf e"sDk
g]kfndf O:jL ;Dat\ !@%%, !@^), !$)*, !^*!, !^^&,
!*!), !*@#, !*##, !*#$, !*#&, !*^(, !*(&, !(!&
df 7"nf e"sDk uPsf] clen]v kfOG5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf
uPsf] e"sDk lj;+= !(() df3 @ ut] uPsf] e"sDk g}
cwflwsfl/s dfkg ;lxtsf] ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] e"sDk
xf] . To;kl5 @)#^ ;fn, @)$% ;fn @)^* ;fn / @)&@
;fndf ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uPsf 5g\ . oL ;a} e"sDkaf6
g]kfnn] 7"nf] hgwgsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] 5 . k|fKt clen]v
cg';f/ s]xL 7"nf e"sDksf] dfkg / Iflt lgDgcg';f/
b]lvPsf] 5 M
g]kfndf @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] cyf{t\ ;g\ @)!% sf] clk|n @% df uf]/vf lhNnfsf] af/kfsdf s]Gb|laGb' agfP/
uPsf] &=^ DofUgLRo'8 / To;kl5 dWo g]kfnsf ljleGg
lhNnfnfO{ s]Gb|laGb' agfP/ uPsf ;fgf–7"nf k/fsDkgn]
cfd dflg;nfO{ 3/af/laxLg agfof] .
o; e"sDkaf6 *,(&) dflg;n] hLjg u'dfpg'k¥of], !(%
hgf a]kQf eP / @@,#)@ dflg; 3fOt] eP .
jif{ s]Gb|laGb' dfkg dfgjLo Iflt ef}lts Iflt!(() k"jL{ g]kfn *=! *%!( @,)&,@$* 3/ Ifltu|:t
@)#^ aemfª ^=% $^ @%,)*^ 3/x? Ifltu|:t
@)$% pbok'/ ^=^ &@! ^^,#*@ 3/ Ifltu|:t
@)^* l;lSsd g]kfn l;dfgf ^=( ^ hgf !$,%$^ 3/ Ifltu|:t
@)&@ uf]/vfsf] af/kfs &=^ *(&) !),&@,)(# lghL / !$#(@ ;fj{hlgs ejg
;|f]t M uf]/vf e"sDk @)&@, u[x dGqfno, @)&#
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
9
o; e'sDksf sf/0f ;a}eGbf a9L dlxnf -%)@$ hgf_ sf]
d[To' ePsf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L !^ jif{;Ddsf afnaflnsfsf]
d[To' ;ª\Vof @,*&( -!#^$ afns / !%)% aflnsf_ sf]
d[To' ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] ^! jif{eGbf a9L pd]/sf @%$#
-!!#@ k'?if / !$)@ dlxnf_ sf] d[To' ePsf] b]lvG5 .
e"sDkkl5sf] cfjZostf n]vfhf]vf cg';f/ o; e"sDkaf6
()*^ -%))# k"0f{ / $)*# cf+lzs ?kdf_ lzIf0f ;+:yf
Ifltu|:t ag] eg] !@@& :jf:Yo ;+:yf -$^@ k"0f{ / &^%
cf+lzs_ df Iflt k'Uof] .
o;/L cfwf/e"t ;]jfk|bfos ;+:yfdf k'u]sf] Ifltsf]
k'glg{df{0f xfn;Dd x'g g;Sgfn] lzIff / :jf:Yodf lg/Gt/
ca/f]w pTkGg ePsf] 5 .
k|f/lDes ;dodf ul/Psf] ljkb\kl5sf] cfjZostf
n]vfhf]vfn] s"n **! ca{ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] Iflt eof] .
of] Iflt cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷&! sf] s"n uf{x:y pTkfbgsf]
Ps ltxfO x'ghfG5 .
e"sDkaf6 ef}lts ;+/rgf, s[lif, jg, k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbf,
vfg]kfgLsf ;+/rgfnufotdf k'¥ofPsf] ck|ToIf Ifltsf]
n]vfhf]vf c;Dej g} 5 . o;n] d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df
bL3{sfnLg c;/ kf/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnn] ljgfzsf/L 36gfaf6 pTkGg cfkTsfnLg dfgjLo
;xof]u kl/rfng ug{ ljifout If]q (Cluster) ;lxtsf] ljkb\ k"j{tof/L tyf k|ltsfo{ of]hgf, ljkb\ k|ltsfo{
9fFrfsf] tof/L / lqe"jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yfndf
ædfgjLo ;xof]u e08f/ s]Gb| (Humanitarian Staging Area)Æ sf] :yfkgfn] lgs} k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x u¥of] .
e"sDksf sf/0f 3/af/ laxLg ePsf kl/jf/ cem};Dd
3/ lgdf{0f ug{, hLljsf]kfh{gsf ;fwgsf] k'g:yf{kgf ug{
c;dy{ /x]sf 5g\ . jif{df em/L / lxpFbdf lr;f]sf df/df
hLjg latfpg afWo /x]sf 5g\ .
k'glg{df{0f / k'g:yf{kgfsf sfo{ ;dGjofTds gePsf] /
/fhgLlts k|lta4tf, ;d"xut :jfy{ / gLltut em0em6sf
sf/0f k'glg{df{0fsf] sfo{n] ck]Iffs[t ult lng ;s]sf]
5}g .
eljiosf nflu l;sfO
n ljkb\sf] ;dodf ul/g] eG;f/ 5'6;DaGwL
sfo{;~rfngljlw tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg'
k5{ .
n k|ltsfo{sf nflu bIf tyf k|lzlIft dfgj ;+;fwgsf]
ljsf; ug'{kg]{5 .
n ;+nUg ;a} lgsfox¿nfO{ ;dfg ?kdf kl/rfng ug{
;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{ k|0fnLsf] :yfkgf cfjZos 5 .
n ;a} If]qdf e"sDk k|lt/f]wL ejg lgdf{0fsf] k|ljlw lj:tf/
u/L clgjfo{ u/fpg'k5{ .
n ;a} txaf6 ;~rfng x'g] ef}lts / u}/ef}lts ljsf;
of]hgfdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf ljlw clgjfo{
?kdf ;dfj]z ug'{ k5{ h;n] ljkb\ pTyfgzLn
ljsf;n] k|fyldstf k|fKt u/f];\ .
n vfBtyf u}/–vfB ;fdu|Lx¿sf nflu cfkTsfnLg
uf]bfd3/ / k"j{–e08f/0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ .
n dfgjLo ;xfotfsf ;fdu|Lx¿sf] ;"rL clu|d ¿kdf tof/
u/L cfwf/e"t ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/g'k5{ .
n ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t PsLs[t tYof°
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug'{ h?/L 5 .
n cfGtl/s ¿kdflj:yfkg x'g] dflg;x¿sf] c:yfoL
a;f]af;sf nflu ;a} ;x/L / ;x/f]Gd'v If]qdf v'Nnf
:yfgsf] ;+/If0f u/L cfkTsfnLg ;]jfsf ;'ljwfsf]
Joj:yf ljsf; ul/g'k5{ .
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
9
10
g]kfndf af9LhGo ljkb\
n lj;+= @)%) df b]ze/ uPsf] af9L ;a}eGbf ljgfzsf/L
lyof] . of] af9L %* jif{sf] cjlwkl5 cfPsf] ;jf{lws
Ifltsf/s af9L lyof] .
@)%) sf] af9Lsf] ljgfz
d[To' !,##^
j]kQf !^#
k|efljt kl/jf/ *%,@%$
3/kfn'jf hgfj/ @%,$@%
k"0f{ Ifltu|:t 3/ !&,!!#
v]tLof]Uo e"ld -x]S6/df_ %,%*$
cfly{s Iflt -s/f]8 ?k}ofF_ $()
-;|f]t M ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, @))(_
n lj;+= @)^% df sf]zLsf] afFw km'6]/ uPsf] af9Ln] ;'g;/L
lhNnfsf tLg ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf k'¥ofPsf] Ifltn]
g]kfnn] u/]sf ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf k|of;df yk l;sfO{
k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] .
sf]zLsf] af9Laf6 ;'g;/L lhNnfsf xl/k'/, >Lk'/ / klZrd
s'zfxf uflj; k"0f{?kdf k|efljt ePsf lyP . oL uflj;sf
sl/a %) k|ltzt dflg; k|efljt ePsf lyP eg] clxn];Dd
klg ;f] If]qsf] e"ld k'g:yf{lkt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
n lj;+= @)^( sf] ;]tLsf] af9L j]df};dL af9Lsf ¿kdf
lrlgof] . o; af9Ln] sf:sL lhNnfdf 7"nf] Iflt
k'¥ofPsf] lyof] .
n lj;+= @)&) df ;'b"/ klZrdsf] bfr'{nfdf uPsf] af9Ln]
k'¥ofPsf] Ifltn] cfd g]kfnLdf 7"nf] qf; pTkGg u/fof] .
@)&) ;fnsf] ;]tL af9Laf6 ePsf] Iflt M
d[To' $)
a]kQf #@
3fOt] %
k|efljt kl/jf/ #!
n lj;+= @)&! df dWo–klZrdsf afFs], alb{of, ;'v]{t /
bfªdf uPsf] af9L g]kfnsf ljgfzsf/L af9Lsf] csf]{
pbfx/0f xf] .
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
11
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
@)&! ;fnsf] dWo tyf ;'b"/ klZrdsf] af9Laf6 ePsf]
Iflt M
d[To' @!!
a]kQf !!%
3fOt] #@
k|efljt kl/jf/ #%,(*(
-;|f]tM g]kfn ljkb\ k|ltj]bg @)!%_
jif]{gL hfg] af9Laf6 lj:yflkt dflg;sf] k'gM:yfkg
x'g g;Sg' tyf pgLx? k'gM af9L / klx/f]h:tf pRr
hf]lvdo'Qm :yfgdf a:g afWo x'g' ;du| ljsf;sf nflu
;jf{lws r'gf}tL b]lvPsf] 5 .
11
12
g]kfndf klx/f]sf] hf]lvd
g]kfndf x'g] u/]sf k|fs[lts ljkb\sf 36gfx¿dWo] klx/f]
klg Pp6f k|d'v ljkb\ xf] . g]kfnsf] kj{tLo e";tx Hofb}
sdhf]/ 5 . jg–hª\unsf] tLj| ljgfz, cToGt} le/fnf]
kxf8–kj{t, vf]l/of km8fgL, cj}1flgs v]tL k|0ffnL,
dg;'gsf] ;dodf x'g] d';nwf/] jiff{ / To;kl5sf] k|r08
tfkdfgsf sf/0faf6 g]kfnsf] kxf8L e"efudf af/Daf/
klx/f] hfg] u/]sf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm, k"jf{wf/sf] ¿kdf
lgdf{0f ul/g] ;8s, 7"nf ejg tyf l;FrfOsf s'nfx¿
;'/Iffsf pkfox¿sf] cjnDag u/L 7Ls 9ª\uaf6 lgdf{0f
gul/g] ePsfn] klg kxf8L e"efudf af/Daf/ klx/f] hfg]
u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
;g\ !(%$ b]lv @)!$ ;Ddsf] ^) jif{sf] cGt/fndf
g]kfndf $! j6f o:tf 36gf eP . ltgdf ^,$%) hgfsf]
d[To' eof] / k|efljtsf] ;ª\Vof #%,(*,!&,%^,$%) /x]sf]
lyof] . klx/f]af6 sl/a cd]l/sL 8n/ ! c/asf] Iflt
ePsf] lyof] . o; lx;faaf6 k|To]s 36gfdf ;/b/ !%&
hgfsf] d[To' x'G5 / *&,&^$ hgf k|efljt x'G5g\ . -;|f]tM CRED; 2015)
tfKn]h'ªsf] klx/f]
tfKn]h'ª lhNnfdf @)&@ ;fn h]7 @& ut] /flt cfPsf]
af9L / klx/f]n] vf]lSnª, lnjfª, vfDn'ª, ;fGy|fsf,
lyªnfa' / lnªt]k u/L ^ j6f uflj; k|efljt eP M
n d[ts M #( hgf
n 3fOt] M * hgf
n j]kQf M @) hgf
n k|efljtM !@! 3/ kl/jf/
sf:sLsf] klx/f]
;g\ @)!@ sf] d] dlxgfsf] % tfl/vsf lbg sf:sLsf] ;]tL
gbLdf cs:dft\ af9L cfof] . o; 36gfdf @) hgfsf]
tTsfn} d[To' eof], !$ kl/jf/ k|efljt eP / $$ hgf
a]kQf eP, h;df $ afnaflnsf / # ljb]zL gful/s
lyP . o;/L g} @) 3/, ! ;fd'bflos ejg, @ dlGb/, @
k'n / ! kfgL ljt/0f k|0ffnLdf Ifltk'Uof] .
Ko"7fg klx/f]
;g\ @)!^ sf] h'nfO{ dlxgfsf] @& tfl/vsf lbg cfPsf]
klx/f]sf] sf/0fn] #* hgfsf] d[To' eof], #! hgf 3fOt]
/ !% hgfa]kQf eP . o;af6 %) 3/k"0f{ ¿kdf/ @))
3/cf+lzs ¿kdfIfltu|:t ePsf lyP .
h'/] klx/f], l;Gw'kfNrf]s
;g\ @)!$ sf] cui6 dlxgfdf l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] h'/]df 7"nf]
klx/f] uof] . o;af6 !%) hgfsf] d[To' eof], !!% eGbf
a9L 3/df Iflt k'Uof], $#^ hgf a]kQf eP / sl/a ?=
!# s/f]8 $) nfv a/fa/sf] cfly{s Iflteof] . o;
klx/f]n] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] sl/a @ lsld af6f] cj?4
eof] . o; klx/f]af6 s[lqd tfnsf] ;[[hgfeof] h;n]
ubf{ hnljB't\ u[x, lah'nLsf vDaf, s'v'/f kfng kmd{,
12
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
13
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
ljBfno, ;fd'bflos ejg / xf]6n cflbdf Iflt k'Uof] .
ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] Iflt
n c/lgsf] /fhdfu{
n % j6f hnljB't\ of]hgfdf Iflt -ef]6]sf]zL, ;'gsf]zL,
;flgdf ;'gsf]zL, rfs' / e}/js'08_
n k|fylds ljBfno M @ j6f
n ;jf/L ;fwg M !) j6f
n cfly{s Iflt M !# s/f]8 $) nfv a/fa/
n k"0f{ Ifltu|:t 3/ M !^%
tYo / tYof°
n d[To' M !%^ hgf
n 3fOt] M @& hgf
n x/fPsf] M !@# hgf
n 3/af/ljxLgM $#^ hgf
13
14
x'bx'b cf“wL
jfo'd08n / ;d'b|aLr rNg] lqmof–k|ltlqmofaf6 pTkGg
36gfn] k[YjLdf ;d]t k|ToIf k|efj kl//x]sf] x'G5 . ;"o{af6
k[YjLtkm{ cfpg] pmhf{, ljsL/0f / k[YjLaf6 pT;h{g x'g]
tfk tyf u'?Tjfsif{0f zlQm ePsf u|xx¿sf] ultzLntf,
hnjfik tyf hn;DaGwL kl/l:ytLo k|0ffnLaLr x'g]
cGtlqm{ofsf] sf/0fn] hnjfo'hGo 36gf eO/xG5g\ .
kl/jt{gzLn e"—hnLo cjl:ylt / hnjfo'df cfPsf]
kl/jt{g, gjLgtd e"efu, jg–hª\unsf] ljgfz, jftfj/0fsf]
cfsif{0fsf sf/0f af9L, klx/f], zLtnx/, x'/Latf;, cl;gf,
v8]/Lh:tf 36gfaf6 g]kfn k|efljt eO/x]sf] 5 . hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] c;/n] ubf{ g]kfndf ljkb\hGo hf]lvd klg
al9/x]sf] 5 .
lj= ;+= @)&! df -;g\ @)!$ sf] cS6f]a/ dlxgfdf_
ef/tsf] ljzfvf k6\6gdaf6 k|j]z u/]sf] x'bx'b gfdfs/0f
ul/Psf] ;d'b|L cfFwLn] ef/t / g]kfndf 7"nf] k|efj kf¥of] .
;d'b|;Fusf] nfdf] b"/L /x]sf] e"kl/j]li7t d'ns g]kfn
;d'b|L cfFwLaf6 k|efljt x'Fb}g eGg] ;f]rfOnfO{ o; 36gfn]
unt k|dfl0ft ul/lbof] .
ef/t x'Fb} g]kfn k|j]z u/]sf] o; x'bx'b cfFwLn] pQ/L
lxdfn k'Ubf lxdcfFwLsf] ?k lnof] . o;qmddf rn]sf]
x'08/L;lxtsf] jiff{ / lxdkftdf cGgk"0f{ kbofqfdf uPsf
$# hgfsf] d[To' eof] eg] %) hgf a]kQf eP . o;
36gfdf k/]/ !&% hgf dflg; 3fOt] eP .
g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;f] 36gfdf k|efljtx¿sf] ;xof]usf nflu
x]lnsf]K6/af6 vf]hLsfo{ u/L ^$ ljb]zL ko{6ssf] p4f/
u/]sf] lyof] .
o; 36gfn] g]kfnnfO{ cgk]lIft 36gfk|lt ;d]t ;r]t
x'g' kg]{ kf7 l;sfPsf] 5 . &) ;fn j}zfv % ut] ;]tL
gbLdf cfPsf] j]df};dL af9L / x'bx'b cfFwLsf] lxdfno;Dd
b]lvPsf] kx'Fr g]kfnsf nflu cgk]lIft 36gf g} lyP .
k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLnfO{{ cgk]lIft df};dL kl/jt{g / ;d'b|L
cfFwLsf] dfu{ / kx'Fraf/] ;';"lrt ug{;Sg] Ifdtfdf ljsf;
ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
14
15
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
15
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o 9f“rf / g]kfnsf] k|lta4tf
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ;]G8fO sfo{9f“rf @)!%–@)#)
hfkfgsf] ldofdL k|fGtl:yt ;]08fOdf !* b]lv @@ dfr{
@)!% df cfof]hgf ePsf] ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf
nflu t];|f] ljZj ;Dd]ngaf6 cg'df]lbt ljkb\ hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0f sfo{9fFrfnfO{ ;]G8fO sfo{9fFrf elgPsf] 5 .
o; sfo{9fFrfn] !# j6f lgb]{zs l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t /x]/
& j6f nIo / $ j6f k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfn;lxt !^* d'n'sn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf] sfo{9fFrfn]
ljkbaf6 pTyfgzLn ;dfh / d'n'ssf] ljsf;sf nflu
/fli6«o / :yfgLo cfjZostfcg'?k sfo{qmdx? tof/ u/L
sfof{Gjog ug{ dfu{bz{g u/]sf] 5 .
;]08fO sfo{9fFrfsf] & j6f nIo M
s= ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf ljkb\af6 x'g] ljZjJofkL ljkb\ d[To'b/
cfwf/e"t ¿kdf 36fpg] . @))% b]lv @)!% ;Ddsf]
d[To'b/sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)@) b]lv ;g\ @)#) ;Ddsf]
bzsdf k|ltjif{ cf};tdf ljZjJofkL d[To'b/ !)),)))
sf b/n] 36fpg]Ù
v= ;g\ @))% b]lv ;g\ @)!% ;Ddsf] ljkb\af6 k|efljt
dflg;sf] ;ª\Vof t'ngfTds ¿kdf ;g\ @)@) b]lv ;g\
@)#) ;Ddsf] bzsdf jflif{s cf};t !)),))) sf b/n]
36fpg]]Ù1
u= ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf ljZjJofkL s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg
(global gross domestic product - GDP) nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ljkb\af6 x'g] k|ToIf cfly{s Iflt Go"g ug]{Ù
3= ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf pTyfgzLn ljsf;sf dfWodaf6
dxTjk"0f{ tyf ;+j]bgzLn ef}lts k"jf{wf/x¿df ljkb\af6
x'g] Ifltsf sf/0f :jf:Yo tyf z}lIfs ;'ljwfh:tf
cfwf/e"t ;]jfdf x'g;Sg] Jojwfg 36fpg]Ù
ª= ;g\ @)@) ;Dddf /fli6«o tyf :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0f /0fgLlt ePsf d'n'ssf] ;ª\Vof a9fpg]Ù
r= ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf jt{dfg sfo{9fFrfsf] sfof{GjognfO{
k"0f{tf lbg]u/L ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'ssf nflu lbuf] /
kof{Kt cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u / ;fe]mbf/L clej[l4 ug]{Ù
5= ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf ljkb\ hf]lvd ;"rgf tyf n]vfhf]vf
/ ax"k|sf]k k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLdf pknAw u/fpg] tyf ;a}
dflg;sf] kx'Fr a9fpg] .
o; sfo{9fFrfn] plNnlvt nIo k|fKtLsf nflu sfo{ ug{
lgDgcg';f/sf rf/j6f k|fyldstf to u/]sf] 5 M
k|fyldstf ! M ljkb\ hf]lvdaf/] a'emfO clej[l4 .
k|fyldstf @M ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb\
hf]lvd ;'zf;g ;zQmLs/0f .
k|yfldstf # M pTyfgzLntfsf nflu ljkb\ hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0fdf nufgL .
k|fyldstf $M k|efjsf/L k|ltsfo{ / pTs[i6 k'gk|f{KtL,
k'gM:yfkg / k'glg{df{0fsf nflu Ifdtfsf]
ljsf; .
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ljZj d~rn] :jLsf/
u/]sf] plNnlvt b:tfj]hdf g]kfnn] x:tfIf/ u/L cfkm"nfO{
kIf /fi6«sf] ?kdf k|lta4tf hgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 h'g
;do;fGble{s 5 . o;sf ;fy} o:tf sfo{n] ljZj d~rdf
x'g] cfk\mgf] pkl:yltnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg / ljZjsf]
Wofg cfsl;{t ug{ ;d]t ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . tyflk,
ljZj d~rdf k|lta4tf hgfOPcg'?k ljkb\ pTyfgzLn
d'n's / ;d'bfosf] ljsf;sf nflu ug'{ kg]{ sfo{dWo]
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg gLlt, P]g / /0fgLlt tof/ u/L
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug'{ h?/L b]lvG5 .
1Categories of affected people will be elaborated in the process for post-Sendai work decided by the Conference.
16
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f M ;kmntfsf] syfl5d]sL d'n'ssf] ;Gbe{ / l;sfO
aª\unfb]zM ;d'b|L cF“wL– @)!%
blIf0f Pl;ofnL ;xof]u ;ª\u7gsf] ;b:o /fi6« aª\unfb]z
vf;u/L af9L / ;d'b|L cfFwLaf6 k|efljt eO/xg] d'n's
xf] . ;g\ @)!% sf] h'nfO{ #! Tfl/vsf lbg cfPsf] ;d'b|L
cfFwLsf sf/0f ;d'b|L lsgf/df /x]sf] ef]nf lhNnfsf]
sS; ahf/, l5Gtfªu, gf]xfvnL, km]gL / aGb/agsf
! nfv %) xhf/ dflg;x¿ k|efljt ePsf lyP h;df
#* hgfsf] d[To' eof] . xhf/fF} 3/, ;8s, kz' hgfj/,
v]tLof]Uo hldg, df5f dfg]{ hxfh / :yfg, g'g pTkfbg
ug]{ 7fpFh:tf If]qx¿ o;af6 g/fd|/L k|efljt ePsf lyP .
o; cfFwLaf6 k|efljt JolQm, kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf nflu
aª\unfb]z ;/sf/n] lgDg sfd u¥of] M
n cfFwLk"j{ ;a} ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 k"j{;"rgf k|jfx u/L
dflg;nfO{ ;dod} ;'/lIft :yfgdf :yfgfGt/0f u¥of] .
n @! nfv kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf c:yfoL cfjf;sf]
;'ljwf k|bfg u¥of] .
n cfkTsfnLg vfBfGg, ;'/lIft vfg]kfgL / cTofjZos
cf}iflw ;]jf k|bfg u¥of] .
n clt lk5l8Psf / hf]lvddf /x]sf] kl/jf/ / ;d'bfonfO{
ljz]if ;xfotf Kofs]h;xlt 3/ dd{t / k'glg{df{0f ug{
;xof]u pknAw u/fof] .
n If]qut k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng u¥of] .
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkg lgod / sfo{9fFrfsf] ljsf;, ;+:yfut
;'b[9Ls/0f u/L ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / cfkTsfnLg
k|ltsfo{ Ifdtf clej[l4 ub}{ lgodg jf cg'udgsf]
k|efjsf/L Joj:yf :yfkgf u¥of] .
n ljkb\ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;/f]sf/jfnf
;a} lgsfonfO{ :ki6 dfu{bz{g lbof] .
n k|efjsf/L ?kdf :jo+;]js kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfof] .
n ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ubf{ g} ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f /
ljkb\ k|ltsfo{nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf
/fVof] .
-;|f]tM Overview of DM: Bangladesh Perspective-Ministry of D& R. Bangladesh-2016)
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
16
17
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
17
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg;DaGwL vf;} cEo:t g/x]sf] aª\unfb]zn]
;g\ @))$ sf] ;'gfdLkl5 d'n'snfO{ ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug]{
Ifdtftkm{ cu|;/ agfof] . o; 36gfkl5 p;n] ljkb\
Joj:yfkg / /fxt dGqfnosf] :yfkgf u/L ljkb\
Joj:yfkgnfO{ ljsf; of]hgfdf d"n k|jfxLs/0f, k"j{;"rgf
k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf, ljkb\ Joj:yfkg :6\ofl08ª\ c8{/sf]
ljsf;, ljkb\ Joj:yfkg sfo{9fFrf cflb tof/ u/L tNnf]
tx;Dd Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u¥of] . aª\nfb]zsf] hf]lvd
Joj:yfkgdf cfPsf] ;'wf/sf] sf/0f g} ;+:yfut Joj:yfkg
/ :ki6 sfg'gL Joj:yfnfO{ dflgPsf] 5 .
ef/t, u'h/ft e"sDk
ef/tsf] klZrd u'h/ftsf] s'h lhNnfl:yt e'hdf ;g\
@))! sf] hgj/L @^ tfl/vdf laxfg * ah]/ $^ ldg]6
hfFbf &+=( l/S6/ :s]nsf] zlQmzfnL e"sDk uof] . o;
e"sDkaf6 !(,&@& dflg;sf] d[To' eof], !,^^,))) dflg;
3fOt] eP, ^,)),))) kl/jf/ 3/af/laxLg eP, #,$*,)))
3/ k"0f{¿kdf / *,$$,))) 3/ cf+lzs ¿kdf Ifltu|:teP .
o;/L sl/a # s/f]8 &* nfv hg;ª\Vofdf ! s/f]8 %(
nfv hg;ª\Vof o; e"sDkaf6 k|efljt eof] -;|f]t M b
OlG8Pg :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6_ .
o; e"sDkaf6 k|efljt kl/jf/ / ;d'bfonfO{ ef/t
;/sf/n] lgDg ;xo]u pmnAw u/fof] M
n k'gM:yfkgf / k'glg{df{0f sfo{qmdsf] tTsfn} k|f/De .
n 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu ;xof]u 3f]if0ff / tTsfn sfof{Gjog .
n 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu cfly{s, ;fdu|Lut / k|fljlws
;xof]u k|bfg .
18
n k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpgsf nflu OlGhlgo/sf]
Joj:yf .
n 3/ k'glg{df{0f ug]{ 3/wgLnfO{ # ls:tfdf /sd k|bfg .
n e''hdf 3/ lgdf{0fsf ;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf .
n 3/ lgdf{0f / dd{tsf nflu lgb]{lzsfsf] ljsf; .
n gd'gf 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu @,%)) ufpFsf] 5gf]6 .
n 8sdL{sf nflu tflnd ;~rfng .
n u'0f:t/sf] ;'lglZrttf .
n gofF 3/ lgdf{0fkZrft >Ldfg\÷>LdtLsf] ;+o'Qm clwsf/
sfod x'g] Joj:yf .
-;|f]tM THE GUJARAT EARTHQUAKE 2001 /Anil Kkumar Sinha, Senior Technical Advisor, Asian Disaster Reduction Center).
ef/tn] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf nflu :jtGq ?kdf sfd
ug]{ lgsfo æ/fli6«o ljkb\ Joj:yfkg k|flws/0fÆ sf]
:yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} u[x dGqfno cGtu{t
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ljefu klg /x]sf] 5 . vf]h tyf
p4f/sf sfo{nfO{ u[x dGqfnoaf6 cl3 a9fOG5 eg] ljkb\
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
1818
19
ljkb\ hf]lvdJoj:yfkg;|f]t;fdu|L
1919
Joj:yfkgsf cGo ;a} sfo{x¿ k|flwsf/0faf6 ;~rfng
x'g] ub{5 . ljkb\ ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';GwfgÙ gLltut
Joj:yfdf ;xof]uÙ sfo{9fFrf, lgb]{lzsf / cGo cfjZos
sfo{ ug]{ k"0f{ clwsf/ o; k|flws/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . ef/tn]
ljkb\ k|ltsfo{ ansf] u7g u/]sf] 5, h;n] cfkTsfnLg
vf]h, p4f/sf sfo{sf ;fy} /fxt Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u
ug]{ ub{5 .
lrnLM e"sDk @)!%
;g\ @)!% sf] ;]K6]Da/ !^ tfl/vsf lbg lrnLsf]
Atacama and La Araucanía If]qdf *+=$ /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk uof] . /fli6«o cfkTsfnLg sfof{nosf] k|ltj]bg
cg';f/ sl/a ^,*!,$*$ hgf dflg; e"sDksf] sf/0faf6
k|efljt ePsf lyP / sf]So'Daf] If]qnfO{ e"sDkaf6 k|efljt
If]q egL 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . lrnL /]8qm;n] sf]So'Daf]
If]qdf u/]sf] cWoogn] lgDg s'/f b]vfPsf] lyof] M
!# hgfsf] d[To'
^ hgf a]kQf
!% hgf 3fOt]
%& hgf sf]So'Daf] ;]G6/df :yfgfGt/0f
&)$ 3/ k"0f{ Iflt
!@$% 3/ a:g cof]Uo
#,!@@ 3/ cf+lzs ¿kdf Iflt
!,!*# dflg; lah'nL lagf g} a:g afWo
o; e"sDkaf6 k|efljt kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf nflu lrnL
;/sf/n] lgDg ;xof]u pknAw u/fof] M
n ;~rf/nfO{ lqmofzLn agfpg tTsfn} cfjZos /sd
k|bfg u/L dlN6kn Aofsck (multiple back up) k|0ffnL h8fg ug'{sf ;fy} ;~rf/sf ;fwgsf] k|of]u;DaGwL
lgod th'{df u/L Psåf/ k|0ffnLdf lg0f{o k|lqmof /
a[xt\ ;~rf/ ;+oGqsf] k|of]u .
n cfsl:ds k|ltsfo{ lgodfjnLcg';f/ ;}lgs ;xfotfsf]
kl/rfng .
n ;zQm r]g ckm sdfG8 (chain of command) sf]
Joj:yfn] Psn g]t[Tjdf k|ltsfo{, k'gnf{e / k'glg{df{0f
sfo{ .
-;|f]tM Arturo Fermandois, Ambassador of Chile, March 2011)
ljkb\ Joj:yfkgdf lrnL lgs} cufl8 /x]sf] d'n'sdWo]df
dflgG5 . cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljsf;df cu|0fL :yfg
/x]sf] lrnLsf] ef}lts ;+/rgf pTyfgzLn /x]sf] dflgG5 .
;g\ @)!% df uPsf] *=$ /]S6/ :s]n dfkgsf] e"sDkaf6
ePsf] dfgjLo Ifltsf] tYofª\n] klg o; s'/fnfO{ k'li6
ub{5 . ToxfF ljsf; k|lqmofdf g} hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf
ljlwsf] k|of]u x'g] ePsfn] ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug]{ Ifdtf
pRr agfPsf] 5 . pQm e"sDkdf pRr k|ljlwsf] k"j{;"rgf
k|0ffnLsf sf/0f klg dfgjLo Iflt sd ePsf] atfOPsf]
5 . lrnLdf GOVERNMENT OF CHILE NATIONAL EMERGENCY BUREAU, MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR (ONEMI) sf] Joj:yf 5 h;n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf] ;du| sfo{sf] g]t[Tj ub{5 .
tof/L tyf k|sfzg ;xof]u