HISTORY OF HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINE THE PHILIPPINE CHURCHCHURCH

THE HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES IS THE STORY OF THE CHURCH’S “MOST SUCCESSFUL MISSIONARY EFFORT IN ASIA” (BOKENKOTTER, 2005)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRY CAN BE BETTER UNDERSTOOD BY LOOKING AT THE DECISIVE ROLE OF THE CHURCH WHICH BEGAN WITH THE COMING OF FERDINAND MAGELLAN IN THE PHILIPPINES IN 1521

FERDINAND MAGELLAN

The Coming of the Spaniards headed by Magellan

THE CROSS AND THE CONVERSION OF THE FILIPINO

LEADERS

CATHOLICISM CAME TO THE PHILIPPINES WITH THE

EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF THE ARCHIPELAGO

THE CROSS PLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE CONVERSION OF THE FIRST FILIPINO LEADER NAMES RAJAH HUMABON AND HIS WIFE HARAH AMIHAN OF CEBU (THE CRADLE OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE PHILIPPINES)

THE FIRST CELEBRATION OF THE MASS

ALONG WITH THE CONVERSION OF RAJA HUMABON (CARLOS) AND HARAH AMIHAN (JUANA) WAS THE CELEBRATION OF THE HOLY MASS OFFICIATED BY FR. PEDRO DE VALDERRAMA

NAMES GIVEN TO THE PHILIPPINES

•LAS ISLAS DE PONIENTE (ISLAND TO THE WEST).

•LLHAS DO ORIENTE (ISLAND TO THE EAST) 

•LAS ISLAS DE SAN LAZARO(ST. LAZARUS ISLANDS)

•LAS ISLAS FELIPENAS (GIVEN BY RUY LOPEZ DE VILLALOBOS IN HONOR OF PHILIP II OF SPAIN

RUY LOPEZ DE VILLALOBOS

•LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS, OR FILIPINAS (PHILIPPINES)

•PEARL OF THE ORIENT/PEARL OF THE ORIENT SEAS (PERLA DE ORIENTE/PERLA DEL MAR DE ORIENTE) (IDEA OF SPANISH JESUIT MISSIONARY FR. JUAN J. DELGADO in 1751).

PHILIP II OF SPAIN

EVANGELIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

THE EVANGELIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINES BEGAN WITH THE ARRIVAL OF CONQUISTADOR MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI IN CEBU ON APRIL 27, 1565

THE NATIVES FLED AND BURNED THEIR HOMES, BUT IN ONE OF THE HUTS THE IMAGE OF THE SANTO NINO (CHILD JESUS) WAS RECOVERED. IT WAS MAGELLAN’S BASTISMAL GIFT TO QUEEN JUANA (HARAH AMIHAN).

IMAGE OF THE CHILD JESUS

THE IMAGE OF THE SANTO NINO BECAME THE OBJECT OF TODAY’S LARGEST DEVOTION

LEGAZPI CALLED THE FIRST SPANISH THE“CITY OF THE MOST HOLY NAME OF JESUS”

THE FEAST DAY OF THE CHILD JESUS IN CEBU (JANUARY 19)

THE ROLES AND INFLUENCES OF THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS

THE AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS WHO CAME WITH LEGAZPI, LED BY FRAY ANDRES DE URDANETA BUILT A CHURCH AND CONVENT IN HONOR OF THE SANTO NINO IN CEBU

AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS

FR. ANDRES DE URDANETA

BASILICA DEL SANTO NINO

IN 1571 THEY JOINED LEGAZPI AS HE CONQUERED MANILA AND TURNED THE BUSTLING MUSLIM SETTLEMENT INTO THE WALLED CAPITAL “INTRAMUROS” OF THE NEW SPANISH COLONY.

INTRAMUROS

FOR 13 YEARS THE AUGUSTINIANS WERE ALONE IN THE MISSIONARY EFFORT

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION PARISH, BATAC ILOCOS NORTE

THE FRANCISCANS IN 1578

The ORDO FRATUM MINORUM (ORDER OF FRIARS MINOR, OFM) IS A MENDICANT RELIGIOUS ORDER FOUNDED BY ST. FRANCIS OF ASSISI

The main church of the Franciscans in Intramuros before it was destroyed during World War II

BASILICA OF TAYABAS, QUEZON

IN MANY FRANCISCANS CHURCHES BUILT DURING THE SPANISH COLONIAL ERA HAVE THE ORDER’S EMBLEM INSCRIBED ON THE FAÇADE OR THE BELLS

THE EMBLEM WAS CONSIST OF THE CROSSED ARMS OF CHRIST AND ST. FRANCIS WITH THE IMAGE OF THE CROSS BEHIND IT

THE JESUITS IN 1581

THE SOCIETY OF JESUS IS A RELIGIOUS ORDER OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH FOUNDED IN THE 16TH CENTURY BY IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA

THE JESUITS

Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception in Baclayon, Bohol

ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY

ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY

THE DOMINICANS IN 1587

THE FIRST DOMINICAN TO LAND ON THE ISLANDS WAS FRAY DOMINGO DE SALAZAR. WHO ACCOMPANIED THE JESUITS SIX YEARS EARLIER AND TOOK POSSESSION OF THE NEWLY ESTABLISHED DIOCESE OF MANILA AS FIRST BISHOP

THE DOMINICANS

FR. DOMINGO DE SALAZAR

THE CHOICE OF SALAZAR AS FIRST BISHOP WAS PROPITOUS (FAVORABLE). HE WAS A DISCIPLE OF BARTOLOME DE LAS CASA, WHO DEFENDED THE AMERINDIANS FROM THE ABUSES OF THE SPANISH COLONIZERS. SALAZAR WAS BENT ON DOING THE SAME IN THE INDIES.

THE LEGITIMACY OF THE CONQUEST WAS ADDRESSED PRECISELY BY THE SYNOD OF MANILA CONVOKED BY SALAZAR IN 1582. THE SYNOD FATHERS CONCLUDED THAT SPAIN MUST EXERCISE POLITICAL DOMINION OVER THE PHILIPPINES TO FULFILL ITS PRIMARY DUTY OF EVANGELIZATION AS COMMISSIONED BY THE POPE

SALAZAR’S SYNOD MORE IMPORTANTLY CONDEMNED SLAVERY AND RESOLVED TO SPREAD THE GOSPEL USING THE NATIVE LANGUAGES, A KEY DECISION THAT PRESERVED THE LOCAL TONGUES

AS EXPECTED, SALAZAR ENCOUNTERED STIFF OPPOSITION AND HAD TO GO TO SPAIN TO PERSONALLY PLEAD FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE NATIVES BEFORE THE ROYAL COURT.

WHEN SALAZAR DIED, HIS STUGGLE WAS CONTINUED BY A FELLOW DOMINICAN, FRAY MIGUEL DE BENAVIDES, WHO POINTED OUT THAT TRIBUTES HAD BEEN COLLECTED UNJUSTLY FROM UNBELIEVERS

HE SAID THAT SPAIN MUST MAKE RESTITUTION, HE ARGUED, AND OBTAIN A JUST TITLE TO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. THIS COULD BE DONE IF THE NATIVES SUBMITED FREELY TO THE COLONIZERS