History Repeats Itself

The Early Years

The DirectoryRobespierre is finished

July 28th 1794 executedDirectory is established

5 directors to ensure laws carried out.

New ConstitutionEnds universal male

suffrageControlled by Wealthy

middle class

CRISISForeign Wars

CostingA lot Of $

Food Shortage

France’s Army Weak From

Fighting

Napoleon Gains AttentionOctober 1795

Napoleon ordered to guard members of the National Convention

Successfully defended and became a national hero

1796Napoleon appointed

to lead the French vs. Austria and Sardinia

Sweeps into Italy and conquers

Covers up his defeat in Egypt by the British.

The Coup d’EtatNovember 1799

People had lost faith in the Directory

Napoleon urged to take control

Directory is dissolved and Napoleon appointed consul (1 of 3)

Quickly takes control and becomes dictator

1799-Austria, Britain, and Russia Join forces to

defeat NapoleonThrough war and

diplomacy he signs treaties with all threeBy 1802 there is

peace in Europe

Domestic SuccessPeople need a strong leaderNapoleon keeps some

Revolution changesSets up efficient tax

collection and national bank

Dismisses corrupt officials

Goes against the RevolutionGov’t recognizes Church

influence but keeps them from national affairs

The Napoleonic CodeUniform set of laws

that limited individual rights Freedom of speech

and press are restricted

Restores slavery in the French Caribbean

Emperor NapoleonDecember 2, 1804

Napoleon becomes emperor of France

Has support of the people

Napoleon crowns himself Shows his authority

over the Church

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Napoleon’s Empire & Fall

Napoleon’s EmpireSaint Domingue

(Haiti)People (including

slaves) wanted Revolutionary reforms

Civil War erupts Disease wreaks havoc on

French troops and expedition fails

Giving up the WestSells the Louisiana

Purchase to U.S. Gains money for

European Wars Punishes the British“The sale assures forever the power of the United States, and I have given

England a rival who, sooner or later, will humble her pride.”

Conquering EuropeEurope is fearful

Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden join forces against Napoleon.

Napoleon used unpredictable tactics lead to victoriesAustria, Prussia, and

Russia sign treaties and give land

France has largest European empire since the Romans

Battle of TrafalgarBritish navy

defeats French navy

Napoleon’s only major loss in Europe

Assured British naval superiority

Napoleon gave up on defeating Britain

The Fall of the EmpireThe Continental System

Blockades Britain from all other European countries but fails

Britain responds with its own blockade which is more successful

The Peninsular WarAttempt to force

blockade on SpainGuerilla fighters and

British troops kill 30,000 French troops

Nationalism erupts across Europe

The Invasion of RussiaRussia felt Napoleon had

plans on taking PolandJune 1812, 420,000

French troops enter Russia

Czar Alexander pulls his troops back and uses the scorched-earth policy

Napoleon keeps marching until he hits Moscow (is burnt down)

Turns back in October and forced to march home through Russian winter

Only 10,000 survived exhaustion, starvation, and wounds

Napoleon’s Last StandSpotting a weakness

Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, and Austria fight back

Napoleon’s new army untrained and unprepared

January-March 1814Prussia and Russia conquer ParisNapoleon surrenders and is exiled to Elba

The Hundred DaysLouis XVIII takes

the French throne but is unpopular

Napoleon escapes Elba- welcomed back as emperor

Battle of Waterloo (June 18, 1815) Britain and Prussia

attack and win

Napoleon’s Exiled to St. Helena where he dies in 1821

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