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Concepts ofHuman and Social Capital: impact for schools

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What are governments, societies, individuals striving for? What are their objectives?

social inclusion

economic growth

personal happiness

life satisfaction

social welfare

social cohesion

human progress

quality of life

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Human and economic well-being

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Human and economic well-being

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Human and economic well-being

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‘Capital’

‘human capital revolution’: from land, physical capital, etc. to human capitaleducation = investing in human capitalreturn; rates of returnfrom narrow economical notion of human capital to broader notion of human and social capital

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Human and social capital

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Human and social capital

Human Capitalresides in individuals

• knowledge• skills• attributes

developed in formal and informal learningfacilitating creation of personal, social and economic well-being

Social Capitalresides in social relations and networks

• networking• shared norms, values

and understandings

built by investments in families, communities, … to nationsvariety of benefits

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Human capital: key elements

1. Communicationliteracy2nd language comp

2. Numeracy3. Intra-personal skills

motivationlearning-to-learncapacity to make ethical judgements

4. Inter-personal skills

teamworkleardership

5. Other skills and attributes

facility in using ICTtacit knowledgeproblem-solvingetc.

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Human capital: measurement

educational attainmentyears of schoolingcredentials, degrees

actual skills and competencesfrom self-assessmentto realistic measurementsto comparative international assessment

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Human capital: e.g. literacy6

10

15

9

18

17

18

24

23

21

25

45

19

26

24

33

25

28

29

26

27

29

32

31

39

44

43

40

32

38

37

31

31

32

32

18

36

20

17

19

25

17

16

19

19

18

12

6

Sweden

Netherlands

Flanders

Germany

Canada

Australia

Switzerland

United States

United Kingdom

New Zealand

Ireland

Poland

level 1 level 2 level 3 level 4/5

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Social capital: key elements

involvement in community and organizational lifepublic engagement (incl. voting)community and volunteeringinformal sociabilityinter-personal trustbonding – bridging – linking

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Social capital: measurement

still in its infancyuse of proxy measures (club meeting, …)or inverse measures (crime, family breakdown, …)

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Social capital: e.g. trust

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Educational impact

human capital < learning investments in various settings

social and cultural contexts are importantlearning arrangements affect social and cultural distribution of human capitalinequality of educational opportunities go hand in hand with economic inequality and overall human capital standards

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Educational impact

human capital has a strong impact on well-being of individuals and societies

employment and earnings, economic growthhealth and social welfarelowering crimecivic participationsubjective well-being

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Educational impact

social capital is built in variety of institutions, but also learning environmentshas a big impact on health, social integration, happiness, child welfarebut also has economic benefitshuman and social capital mutually reinforcing