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Imperialism and

the Victorian EraWorld History B

Seminar 5

Warm Up Define thefollowing:

1. Imperialism2. Capitalism3. Nationalism

Queen Victoria

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1. ImperialismA policy in which astrong nation seeks to dominate

other countries politically,economically and socially

2. Capitalism Economic system inwhich the means of production areprivately owned and operated forprofit

3. Nationalism The belief that

people should be loyal mainly totheir nation that is, to the peoplewith whom they share a cultureand a history, rather than to a kingor ruler.

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Imperialism

orNationalism?

In your group,decide whether thepicture depictsimperialism or

nationalism and tellwhy you chose asyou did.

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Why Imperialism?textbook page 618

Empire Building

Economics

Political and Military

Interests Power and Authority

Nineteenth Century1800s

British Dominance -called the Victorian Eraafter Queen Victoriawho ruled for 64 years

(page 595)

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The Sun Never Sets on theBritish Empire

Examine the map below and then decidein your groups what the title means.

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Imperialism and Empire - Africa

Textbook page623

1880 Most ofAfrica consisted of

independentstates

1914 With theexception of

Ethiopia andLiberia, all ofAfrica wascontrolled by

Europeans

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Forces Enabling African andIndian Imperialism

European technilogical superiority Steamboats Automatic machine gun Locomotive Telegraph

Europeans had the means to control theirempires Easy travel

Wide spread communication African and Indian disunity

Huge variety of cultures Fighting among cultures

Huge business interests and support fromcompanies

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British in India

British East India company controlledmuch of India using sepoys.

Sepoys Native Hindu or Muslim

mercenary private police Crops: opium poppies for sale in China

and cotton and tea for sale in the rest of

the British empire Cotton textile making outlawed in India

India was so profitable, it was called theJewel in the Crown.

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Imperialism and Empire - India Textbook page 632

The Sepoy Rebellionallowed British soldiers toinvade and control all ofIndia

The British establishedcontrol of India and itsneighbors by 1914.

The British controlledAustralia, New Zealandand much of the far east.The worlds biggest

empire!

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Imperialism in China page 638 Because of repeated

attempts at invasion,China distrustedforeigners and tried toremain isolationist.

They were unsucessful. Britain gained spheres of

influence in Chinathrough smugglingopium. Resulted inOpium War (page 636)and Boxer Uprising. (page

638)

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Suez Canal - 1875(page 629)

Europeans needed a faster way toget from the Mediterranean to theIndian Ocean

The French and the Egyptians, with

funding from France, began a canalto connect the two water bodies.

Because Egypt could not pay theircanal debts, they sold their sharesto Great Britain

1882 Egyptian nationalists rebelagainst foreign influence. Britishmake Egypt a protectorate and takeover control of the canal.

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Imperialism in America

Early imperialism called Manifest Destiny to expandfrom sea to shining sea. Indian wars, the Mexican Warand the Civil War have been called examples of suchimperialism. (page 609)

Americans moved out into the Pacific Ocean in the

nineteenth century (1800s). Took control of Hawaii. Japan in 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry opened up

trade with Japan by threatening military action (page645).

Japanese opened up trade to everyone. By 1830, Japanitself was an imperialist power, taking control of thePacific. This led to American involvement in WWII.

Fought a war with Spain in 1898. Acquired thePhilippines, Guam and Puerto Rico. (Spanish American

War)

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The Age of Imperialism, 1850-1914

To gain power, Europeannations compete forcolonies and trade.

Nationalism

Europeansexerted influenceover the economic,political, and sociallives of people they

colonized.

Europeans believe theymust spread theirChristian teachings tothe world.

Missionary Spirit

Demand for rawmaterials and newmarkets spurs a searchfor colonies.

Economic Competition

Causes

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The Age of Imperialism, 1850-1914

Europeans control landand people in areas ofAfrica, Asia, and LatinAmerica.

Colonization

Christianity is spread toAfrica, India, and Asia.

Christianization

Europeans control tradein the colonies and setup dependent cash-cropeconomies.

Colonial Economics

Effects

Europeansexerted influenceover the economic,political, and sociallives of people they

colonized.