Industrial Revolution &

WWISection 3

Industrial Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution was an age of great developments in technology that changed how people worked and lived

Businesses looked for news ways to expand productionwhich led to the Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution

• I.R. started in Great Britain in the 1700s with the TEXTILE industry.

• New machinery allowed cloth to be manufactured much faster than being hand woven.

• This simple change led to a major change in the way of life. (clothing became cheaper, people bought more clothing, fashion developed).

Industrial Revolution• At first factories were powered by

water, in 1776 James Watt developed the steam engine powered by coal.

• Soon coal began powering many different machines

• Coal became the most important raw material.

• Britain developed as a world power due to its rich deposits of coal and many colonies to also get coal and other minerals from.

Industrial Revolution

The good….• The I.R. had a huge

impact on the way people worked and lived.

• Cities grew rapidly because people moved there for factory jobs.

• Standards of living rose and a prosperous middle class grew.

Industrial RevolutionThe bad…• Factory workers often faced

harsh conditions and worked 16 hour days.

• Child labor was common- kids as young as 5 worked in factories and mines, some where even chained to machines.

• Workers lived in small, crowded houses.

• Disease spread quickly due to poor sanitation.

The French Revolution

• The late 1700s in France was a period of economic and political unrest.

• A series of revolutions led to several different temporary governments.

• After many years of violence, Napoleon came to power and restored order in France.

The Roots of the Revolution• French society had 3 groups

• 1st Estate- clergy• 2nd Estate- nobility• 3rd Estate- everyone else

• The 3rd Estate paid the most taxes but had no voice in government.

• The 3rd Estate began to demand change, spurred by the ideas of the Enlightenment- stressed the rights of the individual.

• The ideas of Enlightenment thinkers helped inspire the American Revolution

Nationalism & World War I• Nationalism, new alliances,

and growing tensions in Europe led to World War I.

• NATIONALISM- a strong sense of loyalty to one’s country.

• Nationalism created fierce competition among rival countries. Especially countries competing for raw materials and colonies in Africa and Asia.

Nationalism & World War I

• To strengthen their position, countries formed alliances.

• Due to alliances, a conflict between 2 countries quickly spiraled into a world war.

Nationalism & World War I

• WWI was fought for 4 brutal years. • Both sides used deadly technology-

machine guns, airplanes, tanks, submarines, & poison gas.

• In 1918 Germany surrendered to France, Britain, and the US.

• An estimated 10 million soldiers and 7 million civilians died.

Impact of World War ITreaty of Versailles• Germany was forced to pay

several billions in damages and accept full blame for the war.

• Many of Germany’s territories were taken away.

• The treaty angered and humiliated the German people and did little to ease tensions in Europe.

• This led to another world war.

World War I

Italy Unifies

European countries continue forming alliances WW I begins

US enters war

Treaty of Versailles signed

1870 1871 1885 1914 1917 1918 1919

German states unite to form German Empire

Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated

World War I ends