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  • International Symposium 19 - 21 Nov 2009 STRUCTUR ALISM IN ... · in Architecture & Urbanism RELOADED new, computer-aided tools lead logically to new approaches and different results
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Originally developed in linguistics, the structuralist approach was introduced as a scientific method in anthropology and other human sciences in the 1950s and later. In the 1960s and 70s the double category of primary and secondary structure (langue and parole) that is essential to Structuralism, in which the primary structure’s system of rules determines how the secondary elements are placed in relation to one another, also advanced to a leading ideology in the field of architecture and urban planning. From its development in Holland and within the Team 10 circle of architects, Structuralism in architecture quickly spread worldwide. Almost all the utopian movements of the 1960s can be related to Structuralism, and in retrospect many research projects and theoretical approaches from this period can be characterized as structuralist. Although initially aimed at developing more humane environmental structures for mass society, Structuralism in architecture was never able to liberate itself from the taint of seriality and monotony. The built examples were perceived as inhumane, as they often failed in terms of practical use. The lack of individuality and the determinism of the primary structure brought Structural- ism the reproach of anti-humanism. In the late 1970s it lost its appeal as a leading ideology in architecture. Since the early 1990s we have been witnessing a revival of structuralist tendencies in architecture. In a parallel develop- ment, interest in the utopian aspects of the structuralist currents of the 1960s has also increased. Whereas the Struc- turalism of the 1970s encountered limits in complexity that were insurmountable at the time, today there is much to suggest that the return to this apparently unfinished project is causally connected to information technology, which has opened up new possibilities for dealing with complexity. There is talk of Neo-Structuralism with a digital imprint. This differs in several critical points from the precursor of the 1960s. The Hochschule München Fakultät für Architektur University of Applied Sciences München Department of Architecture Karlstraße 6 D - 80333 München Contact / Registration Munich University of Applied Sciences Department of Architecture Karlstrasse 6 D-80333 München Tel +49 89 1265 2625 Fax +49 89 1265 2630 [email protected] In cooperation with ARCH + Institut GTA ETH Zurich Professur CAAD ETH Zurich TU Delft Location Karlstrasse 6 80333 München Entrance Barerstrasse Conference language German & English Further information & registration form http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~architektur/ International Symposium 19 - 21 Nov 2009 STRUCTURALISM in Architecture & Urbanism RELOADED new, computer-aided tools lead logically to new approaches and different results. We are confronted with an enormous increase of complexity in the primary structures: away from simple grids to complex, irregular structures, with algorithmic design far exceeding the horizons of the old Structuralism. The question arises as to whether primary and secondary struc- tures should be understood today as being in a state of com- plex interactions with one another which could be described through algorithms. This further development and the current interest in design methods based on rules (ARCH+ 189) makes structuralism today one of the most productive and comprehensive ap- proaches for the organisation and design of the built en- vironment. At the same time it provides the systemic and meta-theoretical background for all disciplines involved in the production of space. In its digital reappearance however, structuralism often shows a naïve, technocratic belief in progress and feasibility in-as-much as it claims to be able to solve the demands for individuation in a mass society solely by numerical methods of planning and production technol- ogy. Today’s digital Structuralism will probably only be able to bring us closer to the solution of the still unresolved issue of housing a mass society while simultaneously respecting man’s individuality if there is also a utopian synthesis of all relevant aspects, including psychological, social and socio-political. The question of the sustainability of the structuralist approach in the future will probably boil down to whether its humaniza- tion (its individuation) will be sought within the system (i.e. in the course of perfecting the numerical-technological mastery of the complexities), or whether system-independent elements can be drawn upon for solving the problem. Tomáš Valena STRUCTUR ALISM IN ARCHITECTURE & URBANISm RELOADED

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Page 1: International Symposium 19 - 21 Nov 2009 STRUCTUR ALISM IN ... · in Architecture & Urbanism RELOADED new, computer-aided tools lead logically to new approaches and different results

Originallydevelopedinlinguistics,thestructuralistapproachwasintroducedasascientificmethodinanthropologyandotherhumansciencesinthe1950sandlater.Inthe1960sand70sthedoublecategoryofprimaryandsecondarystructure(langueandparole)thatisessentialtoStructuralism,inwhichtheprimarystructure’ssystemofrulesdetermineshowthesecondaryelementsareplacedinrelationtooneanother,alsoadvancedtoaleadingideologyinthefieldofarchitectureandurbanplanning.FromitsdevelopmentinHollandandwithintheTeam10circleofarchitects,Structuralisminarchitecturequicklyspreadworldwide.Almostalltheutopianmovementsofthe1960scanberelatedtoStructuralism,andinretrospectmanyresearchprojectsandtheoreticalapproachesfromthisperiodcanbecharacterizedasstructuralist.Althoughinitiallyaimedatdevelopingmorehumaneenvironmentalstructuresformasssociety,Structuralisminarchitecturewasneverabletoliberateitselffromthetaintofserialityandmonotony.Thebuiltexampleswereperceivedasinhumane,astheyoftenfailedintermsofpracticaluse.ThelackofindividualityandthedeterminismoftheprimarystructurebroughtStructural-ismthereproachofanti-humanism.Inthelate1970sitlostitsappealasaleadingideologyinarchitecture.

Sincetheearly1990swehavebeenwitnessingarevivalofstructuralisttendenciesinarchitecture.Inaparalleldevelop-ment,interestintheutopianaspectsofthestructuralistcurrentsofthe1960shasalsoincreased.WhereastheStruc-turalismofthe1970sencounteredlimitsincomplexitythatwereinsurmountableatthetime,todaythereismuchtosuggestthatthereturntothisapparentlyunfinishedprojectiscausallyconnectedtoinformationtechnology,whichhasopenedupnewpossibilitiesfordealingwithcomplexity.ThereistalkofNeo-Structuralismwithadigitalimprint.Thisdiffersinseveralcriticalpointsfromtheprecursorofthe1960s.The

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Contact/RegistrationMunichUniversityofAppliedSciencesDepartmentofArchitectureKarlstrasse6D-80333Mü[email protected]

IncooperationwithARCH+InstitutGTAETHZurichProfessurCAADETHZurichTUDelft

LocationKarlstrasse680333MünchenEntranceBarerstrasse

ConferencelanguageGerman&English

Furtherinformation&registrationformhttp://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~architektur/

InternationalSymposium19-21Nov2009

STRUCTURALISMinArchitecture&UrbanismRELOADED

new,computer-aidedtoolsleadlogicallytonewapproachesanddifferentresults.Weareconfrontedwithanenormousincreaseofcomplexityintheprimarystructures:awayfromsimplegridstocomplex,irregularstructures,withalgorithmicdesignfarexceedingthehorizonsoftheoldStructuralism.Thequestionarisesastowhetherprimaryandsecondarystruc-turesshouldbeunderstoodtodayasbeinginastateofcom-plexinteractionswithoneanotherwhichcouldbedescribedthroughalgorithms.

Thisfurtherdevelopmentandthecurrentinterestindesignmethodsbasedonrules(ARCH+189)makesstructuralismtodayoneofthemostproductiveandcomprehensiveap-proachesfortheorganisationanddesignofthebuilten-vironment.Atthesametimeitprovidesthesystemicandmeta-theoreticalbackgroundforalldisciplinesinvolvedintheproductionofspace.Initsdigitalreappearancehowever,structuralismoftenshowsanaïve,technocraticbeliefinprogressandfeasibilityin-as-muchasitclaimstobeabletosolvethedemandsforindividuationinamasssocietysolelybynumericalmethodsofplanningandproductiontechnol-ogy.Today’sdigitalStructuralismwillprobablyonlybeabletobringusclosertothesolutionofthestillunresolvedissueofhousingamasssocietywhilesimultaneouslyrespectingman’sindividualityifthereisalsoautopiansynthesisofallrelevantaspects,includingpsychological,socialandsocio-political.Thequestionofthesustainabilityofthestructuralistapproachinthefuturewillprobablyboildowntowhetheritshumaniza-tion(itsindividuation)willbesoughtwithinthesystem(i.e.inthecourseofperfectingthenumerical-technologicalmasteryofthecomplexities),orwhethersystem-independentelementscanbedrawnuponforsolvingtheproblem.

TomášValena

STRUCTURALISM INARCHITECTURE& URBANISmRELOADED

Page 2: International Symposium 19 - 21 Nov 2009 STRUCTUR ALISM IN ... · in Architecture & Urbanism RELOADED new, computer-aided tools lead logically to new approaches and different results

Thursday19Nov09

13.00 Registration14.00 Introduction ProfDrTomášValena(HMMunich) Section1 StructuralismandArchitecture14.40 RuthBaumeister/ProfDrHermanvanBergeijk DiscoveryoftheDrivingForcesbehindDutchStructuralism ProfDrJoaquínMedinaWarmburg Forum1962: WachstumsstrukturenundGeschichtsmaschinen ProfDrTomAvermaete FromDeepStructuretoSpatialPractice: Team10,StructuralistAttitudes andtheInfluenceofAnthropology15.50 Coffeebreak16.20 DrMichaelHecker Structurel/Structural PrinzipienundMerkmaleder“strukturalistischen” StrömungkybernetischerPrägunginWestdeutschland ProfDrAndriGerber (neo-)Structuralismand(neo-)Marxism?17.10 Keynote ProfDrGeorgesTeyssot(Québec) TheEthnographicParadigm,Revisited17.40 Roundtablewithspeakersofthesection1 Chair:BernhardLanger(ETHZurich) Specialguest:ArnulfLüchinger(DenHaag)

Friday20Nov09

8.30 Registration Section2 TheHeroicStructuralism9.00 Keynote ProfDrKoosBosma(VUAmsterdam) StructuralisminArchitecture: PatternsforaCivilSociety ortheCharmsofSerialityandDeviation?9.30 InderbirSinghRiar Habitat67orStructuralismRedux DrAsseelAl-Ragam ExplorationsinMat-Building:KuwaitUrbanCritique AnneKockelkorn VerstädterungvonArchitektur: FreieUniversitätBerlin1963-197910.40 Coffeebreak11.10 ProfDrCatherineBlain „Thecityasacombinatory“ FrenchStructuralismofAtelierdeMontrouge1967-1972 CorneliaRegineEscher DerMega-Strukturalismus derGrouped’étuded’architecturemobile MarkusStempl DerstrukturalistischeAnsatzunddieRaumstadt SchwebendeStädtefüreineglobalisierteGesellschaft 1958-197412.20 Lunch13.30 AndrejHrausky StructuralisminSlovenia DrErsiIoannidou StructuralismandMetabolism BernhardLanger DenkeninStrukturen: EkisticsundderObjektivitätsanspruchinderArchitektur14.40 Roundtablewithspeakersofthesection2 Chair:DirkvandenHeuvel(TUDelft) Specialguest:ProfDorisThut(HMMunich)15.30 Coffeebreak Publiclectures StructuralismReloaded?16.00 ProfDrHermanHertzberger(Amsterdam) OpenSystems ProfWinyMaas(MVRDVRotterdam) Pixelpower ProfDrJörgGleiter(FUBozen) struktural,material,digital ZumstrukturalistischenDenkeninderArchitektur18.30 Roundtablewiththespeakers Chair:NikolausKuhnert(ARCH+)

Saturday21Nov09

8.30 Registration Section3 Neo–StructuralismwithaDigitalCharacter9.00 Keynote FabianScheurer(Zurich) AlgorithmicDesign-WerkzeugoderWeltbild?9.30 DrReinhardKönig GenerativePlanungsmethoden ausstrukturalistischerPerspektive ProfUweBrederlau ParametrischeEntwurfsprozesseimStädtebau ThomasWortmann StrukturalismusRecoded10.40 Coffeebreak11.10 HeikeMatcha Massenvielfalt: IndividualitätdurchparametrischeTypologien SteffenLemmerzahl/BenjaminDillenburger Architektur-Automat- HäuseralsgebauteKosten-NutzenAnalyse Oder:derblindeArchitekt NielsNötzel/RüdigerKarzel EvolutionaryStructuralism DrMichaelDürfeld OrnamentalerStrukturalismus VomRhythmuszurEvolution alsZukunftdesStrukturalismus12.50 Lunch14.00 ProfBerndKniess/ProfChristopherDell Struktur,Diagram,reversefunctionalism ÜberlegungenzueinerUniversitätderNachbarschaften WalterStelzhammer „HimmelüberFünfhaus“ StrukturalismusundTeppichbebauungenausheutigerSicht PeterHaimerl DynamischesPlanen15.10 Roundtablewithspeakersofthesection3 Chair:DrdesGeorgVrachliotis(ETHZurich)16.00 Coffeebreak

Saturday21Nov09

Plenum Structuralism–aCriticalLookAhead16.30 DrStefanHajek StrukturalismusReloaded DerVersucheinesAusblicksaufdasScheitern GernotWeckherlin LehrenausMissverständnissen: DiekreativeAdaptionneuerWissensfelderbeimEntwerfen StrukturalismusundEntwurfsmethodenheute DrToniKotnik Algorithmicdesign:Strukturalismusreloaded?17.40 PlenumwithspeakersoftheSymposiums Chair:NikolausKuhnert(ARCH+)

OrganisationanddirectionProfDrTomáš[email protected]

Registrationviapost,faxoremail(s.Contact)AfterpaymentofthesymposiumfeeyourregistrationwillbeconfirmedAccount:TomasValena„Structuralism“Account:0202131285Liga-BankMünchenBLZ75090300IBAN:DE14750903000202131285BIC:GENODEF1M05

SymposiumfeeEarlybird(until5Nov2009)Regular60€wholesymposium(incl.2xlunch,drinksandbooklet)15€halfday30€onedayReduced(studentsandpartnerinstitutionswithverification)30€wholesymposium(incl.2xlunch,drinksandbooklet)

Laterregistration80€wholesymposium20€halfday40€oneday

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INTERNATIONALSYMPOSIUM

STRUCTURALISM

INARCHITECTURE&URBANISM

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