internet-based gis larry theller october 2007. geographic information systems mapping is inventory...
TRANSCRIPT
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Internet-based GIS
Larry ThellerOctober 2007
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Geographic Information Systems
• “Mapping” is inventory and presentation of spatial data.
• GIS means “Geographical Information System” – its called that because there is information behind
the map.
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GIS vs CAD
• Difference between mapping software or CAD and GIS: you ask questions in GIS
• Three levels of GIS applications:– Inventory (What is there?)– Analysis (Answering questions)– Modeling (Making predictions)
CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design
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GIS is not GPS
GPS or Global Positioning Satellites – are a cloud of satellites that tell tracking devices where they are, These locations are often used in a GIS.
Trimble and ESRI
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Image: ESRI course Learning ArcGIS Desktop 2007
A GIS is a software system that connects map layers with tables of information.
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GIS and the internet
• Users quickly adopted the internet for download of large files.
• With satellite-sensors and digital camera the files soon became gigantic
• Not efficient to copy to every PC in Indiana.
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Online Models
• Data comes from databases and map layers on the server
• Inputs are simplified for user
• Results may be map-based or downloaded table and reports
• Models flow data into next step
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The map layer shows one building “selected” and the table has one row with information about that item.
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A GIS originally was software installed on a computer and using local files as layers with attached tables of information.
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Now the software connects map layers with data from the internet.
Named streets and property parcel lines from the Tippecanoe County GIS server
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This map is drawing data from two streaming data sources on the web and from files on the hard drive.
These high-resolution aerial photos use 8 terabytes of storage at IU, which is why you do not want to download files anymore
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Internet-based GIS
• Data AND TOOLS on the internet
• Starts with specialized models like LTHIA – Use GIS and databases for easy input
• Now, sites like Google offers online GIS tools
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Drop-down Menus
ActiveLayer
Identify
Layer Menus
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Zoom in to Brazil, Indiana and answer questions.
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Click the identify button, then the map, for data about the “Active Layer.” A floating pop-up appears with the data.
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The Google Maps interface is becoming a standard.
www.google.com, click“maps”
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The newest tool on Google Maps is the “My Maps” tab; it allows you to creates geographic data and share it.Enter http://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~theller/abe325/
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Click “View larger map” to see this.Examine (zoom in to) the points and lines I placed on Google Maps.The data is stored on a Google Server. After save I do not need to worry about it again.
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My Maps tools allow anyone with a Google account, including gmail, to use these tools.
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Tools are rapidly evolving.
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http://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~what/WHAT_GOOGLE/in_sam.html
For many GIS sites, the next step is to let Google manage the basic framework layers - and let specialist groups manage “value-added” layers.
This map, embedded on the web page, is one example.
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Select a crop type,
Click “Toggle Field Boundary”
Outline a field (with “hand tool”)
Save
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Shape is saved on Purdue server, displayed over Google images.
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This is a Beta version site, various processing steps are seen.