What You Should Know About Your Car Engine

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Car Engine

Engine

Car engine is not a single unit but built up from different size components with specific function each.

Parts can be categorized into Mechanical & Electrical parts.

Engine Spares

Mechanical Component

1- Tappet Cover2- Engine Head3- Engine Block4- Engine Oil Sump5- Cam Shaft6- Crank Shaft7- Piston

8- Fuel Pump9- Valves10- Rocker arm11- Crank case12- Connecting Rod13- Engine Oil14- Filters

Electrical Component

1- Alternator2- self starter 3- Spark Plug4- Electric Fuel Injector5- Ignition Coil6- Battery

Use Of Spares

Mechanical Component

Tappet Cover

Tappet cover is located on cylinder head

Tappet cover is used to keep engine oil in & dirt oil out. This part

is seen in internal combustion engines.

Use Of Tappet Cover

Engine Head

Engine head is a part which is fixed on the top of cylinder

block, houses & valves.

Engine head is bolted to cylinder block with head

gasket and cam shaft also.Inlet & exhaust ports are also machined in head.

Use Of Engine Head

Engine Block

Use Of Engine Block

Part of the engine where cylinder located is called engine block or

cylinder block.

Engine cylinder is a part where fuel is admitted in a reciprocating motion of

piston obtained by burning it.

Engine cylinder characterized in bore & stroke, bore represents inner diameter & stroke is the distance travel by piston.

Engine Oil Sump

Use Of Engine Oil Sump

Engine oil is stored in an oil chamber called

engine oil sump.

Engine is oil lifted by oil pump from sump

through a wire mesh strainer which retains

debris & dirt.

Cam Shaft

Use Of Cam Shaft

Cam shaft is a shaft in which cams are fitted or machined.

Function of cam shaft is to operate valves directly by sitting over or indirectly through a mechanism.

Opening or closing of valves is governed by camshaft which is coupled to crank shaft either directly through a reduction gear or indirectly through a pulley and timing belt.

Crank Shaft

Use Of

Crank Shaft

Crank shaft has projection bent & offset from the shaft axis of engine

Crankshaft is placed below the cylinder block in a

casing

Crank shaft converts the

sliding motion obtained from the piston into rotary motion

Piston & Piston Ring

Piston diameter is slightly less than bore of cylinder

Piston rings are fitted in piston & in direct contact

with cylinder liner to prevent piston wear

Piston is a cylindrical part

which moves up & down in cylinder.

Use Of Piston &

Rings

Fuel Pump

Fuel pump sprays pressurized fuel in to the cylinder & fuel gets ignited

when it comes in contact with the air.

The fuel pump consists of a spring loaded piston valve in a cylinder. When fuel from the fuel filter is introduced in the fuel pump, the spring loaded piston

applies pressure

Use Of Fuel Pump

Valves

Use Of Valves

Valves are used in IC engines called poppet valves.

Valves function is to take fresh

charge & exhaust waste gases.

Rocker Arm

Use Of Rocker Arm

Rocker arm rocks or oscillates a fixed

pivot rod in cylinder head.

Rocker arm transmits rotary motion of cam or

crank shaft through a tappet.

Crank Case

Use Of crank Case

The crankcase encloses crank shaft, connecting

rod & protect from dust , dirt materials.

The metallic housing in which crank shaft is

placed called crank case.

Connecting Rod

Use Of Connecting Rod

Connecting rod connects piston to

crank shaft

It converts the linear motion of the piston into rotary motion of

the crank

Engine Oil

Use of Engine

Oil

Engine oil lubricates engine spares and helps

in running smoothly.

Always change engine oil as per service instruction

or after every 3000 miles.

Filters

Use Of Filters

Fuel filter restricts the flow of fuel & it also collects debris that would pass

through carburetor.

Always change filters as per service manual of car,

otherwise calculate the miles you run.

Electrical Components

Alternator

Use Of Alternato

r

It is an AC generator which charges car’s

battery and power the electrical system when

car running.

Alternator is a device which converts

mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Self Starter

USE

Self starter is used for engine start. To accomplish this, the starter motor

is connected to a key operated switch and a starting battery.

When ignition switch is on, the circuit is completed and it pushes out pinion of motor shaft which goes into mesh

with flywheel gear.

Spark Plug

Use of Spark Plug

Spark plug ignites fuel in combustion

chamber at the end of compression

stroke.

Spark plug fitted in cylinder head on the

underside of combustion chamber threads on plug body.

Electric Fuel Injector

Use of Fuel Injector

It controls injection process so that required

amount of fuel is injected into the cylinder

before firing.

It helps in proper fuel distribution, improve

engine performance and lesser maintenance.

Ignition Coil

Ignition coil generates voltage to be supplied to spark plug. It has two coils, primary & secondary; primary is connected to battery & secondary to the capacitor.

Use Of Ignition Coil

Battery

Battery Use

Battery role is important for a car,

it provides electricity for all type of

function.

Always check battery condition & acid level for better

performance.

Check the car engine regularly & do preventing maintenance in proper time for a long life.

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