国　际　私　法

Law School of Fuzhou UniversityLaw School of Fuzhou University

Huang HuiHuang Hui

PRIVATEPRIVATEINTERNATIONALINTERNATIONAL

LAWLAW(II)(II)

国　际　私　法

Part IIPart II ：： Subject of private Subject of private International lawInternational law

Chapter 3Chapter 3 Natural person Natural person

Chapter 4Chapter 4 Legal person Legal person

Chapter 5Chapter 5 State and international organization State and international organization

Chapter 6Chapter 6 Civil legal status for foreigners Civil legal status for foreigners

国　际　私　法

Chapter 3 Natural personChapter 3 Natural person

Section 1Section 1 Nationality of Nationality of

natural personnatural person

Section 2Section 2 Domicile of Domicile of

natural personnatural person

Section 3Section 3 Natural person’s capacityNatural person’s capacity

for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

国　际　私　法

Section 1 Section 1 Nationality of Nationality of natural personnatural person

11 、、 Definition of Definition of nationalitynationality

allegiance, obedience, allegiance, obedience,

contract, identitycontract, identity

22 、、 Conflict of nationalityConflict of nationality

positive conflictpositive conflict ；； negative conflict.negative conflict.

33 、 、 Settlement of conflictSettlement of conflict

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

　 What is the difference between What is the difference between “domicile” and “residence”?“domicile” and “residence”?

国　际　私　法

Section 2 Section 2 Domicile of Domicile of natural natural

personperson　　　　 11 、 、 Definition of domicile / residenceDefinition of domicile / residence

22 、 、 ConflictConflict and settlement of domicileand settlement of domicile

国　际　私　法

怀特 怀特 Vs. Vs. 坦奈特坦奈特 　　迈戈尔 · 怀特与其兄弟姐妹们从其父亲处继承下

来的农场地跨两州，其中 200 英亩在西弗吉尼亚， 40英亩在宾夕法尼亚州。迈戈尔 · 怀特出生及长大后的住所地都在西弗吉尼亚。

　　　后来，迈戈尔 · 怀特与其兄弟姐妹们将农场分割，其拥有宾夕法尼亚的 40 英亩土地及上面一幢简易房的所有权。

　　　

国　际　私　法

怀特 怀特 Vs. Vs. 坦奈特坦奈特　　　 1885 年 4 月 2 日，迈戈尔 · 怀特搬迁到宾夕法尼亚

的一幢简易房，只住一晚上，因房屋过于简陋，太冷无法居住，第二天就回到西弗吉尼亚的老屋子。 　　

　　　结果迈戈尔 · 怀特的妻子露西达得了伤寒症，迈戈尔 · 怀特就只能住在西弗吉尼亚的老屋子里。不久，迈戈尔 · 怀特也染上伤寒，十天后在西弗吉尼亚的老屋子亡故，其妻康复。

　　　农场主迈戈尔 · 怀特死亡，无遗嘱。坦奈特是死者的岳父和遗产管理人。坦奈特根据西弗吉尼亚的法律对迈戈尔 · 怀特的遗产进行清算，在清偿债务后，余下全部财产由死者之妻露西达继承。死者的兄弟姐妹认为，根据死者死亡时的住所地宾夕法尼亚州法律，死者遗孀只能得到遗产的一半，另一半应归死者的兄弟姐妹继承。

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

　 　 What is meaning of “What is meaning of “capacitycapacity” in law?” in law?

What is the difference between What is the difference between ““capacity for rights capacity for rights ”” and and “ “capacity to capacity to act act ””??

国　际　私　法

Section 3 Section 3 Natural person’s capacity Natural person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

　　　　11 、 、 ConflictConflict and Settlement of Natural person’s and Settlement of Natural person’s

capacity for rightscapacity for rights

22 、 、 Jurisdiction and application of law for foreign-related Jurisdiction and application of law for foreign-related

declaration of absence and deathdeclaration of absence and death

33 、 、 ConflictConflict and Settlement of Natural person’s and Settlement of Natural person’s

capacity to actcapacity to act

44 、 、 Jurisdiction and application of law for interdictionJurisdiction and application of law for interdiction

国　际　私　法

Section 3 Section 3 Natural person’s capacity Natural person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

　　　　11 、 、 ConflictConflict and Settlement of Natural person’s capacity and Settlement of Natural person’s capacity for rightsfor rights

　 　 1) 1) Natural person’s capacity for rightsNatural person’s capacity for rights 　　　　

　 　 2) 2) ConflictConflict of Natural person’s capacity for rightsof Natural person’s capacity for rights

　　 　　 BeginningBeginning and and TerminationTermination

　　 　　 Natural death: different groundsNatural death: different grounds

Presumption of lifePresumption of life

3) 3) Application of law for natural person’s capacity for Application of law for natural person’s capacity for rightsrights

国　际　私　法

Section 3 Section 3 Natural person’s capacity Natural person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

　　　　 22 、 、 Jurisdiction and Jurisdiction and application of law for application of law for foreign-related declaration foreign-related declaration of absence and deathof absence and death

　 　 1) 1) ConflictConflict of of declaration of declaration of

absenceabsence and death and death

2) 2) Application of law for Application of law for declaration of absence and declaration of absence and deathdeath

国　际　私　法

Section 3Section 3 、、 Natural person’s capacity Natural person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

　　　　33 、 、 ConflictConflict and Settlement of natural person’s and Settlement of natural person’s capacity to actcapacity to act

　 1) 1) Natural person’s capacity to actNatural person’s capacity to act

　 2) 2) ConflictConflict of natural person’s capacity to actof natural person’s capacity to act

　　 　 Age of adult and minorAge of adult and minor

　　 　　 Different legal system (Different legal system (InterdictionInterdiction))

　 3) 3) Application of law for natural person’s capacity to Application of law for natural person’s capacity to actact

国　际　私　法

李查蒂缔约案李查蒂缔约案 ((Lizardi Case)Lizardi Case)

一名 22岁墨西哥人李查蒂在法国向 巴黎珠宝商用期票购买价值 100万法郎的珠宝，到付款之日，墨西哥人李查蒂 说，依照墨西哥法， 23岁成年，具有完全民事行为能力，自己还未成年，所签订的购买合同无效，没有约束力。但依法国法， 18岁即成年。

国　际　私　法

Section 3 Section 3 Natural person’s capacity Natural person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to actcapacity to act

　　　　44 、 、 Jurisdiction and application of law for Jurisdiction and application of law for interdictioninterdiction

　 1) 1) Jurisdiction for interdictionJurisdiction for interdiction

2) 2) AApplication of law for interdictionpplication of law for interdiction

国　际　私　法

Chapter 4 Legal personChapter 4 Legal person

11 、 、 Nationality and domicile Nationality and domicile of legal personof legal person

22 、 、 Recognition of foreign Recognition of foreign legal personlegal person

33 、 、 Legal person’s capacity Legal person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity to capacity to actact

44 、、 International bankruptcyInternational bankruptcy

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

　 　 What is the definition of What is the definition of “legal person”?“legal person”?

国　际　私　法

11 、 、 Nationality and domicile Nationality and domicile of legal personof legal person

11 ） ） Nationality of legal personNationality of legal person

a) a) Place of registrationPlace of registration

b) b) Legal addressLegal address

c) c) Actual controlActual control

d) d) Mixed standardsMixed standards

国　际　私　法

1 1 Nationality and domicile of Nationality and domicile of legal personlegal person

22 ） ） Domicile of legal personDomicile of legal person a) a) Management centerManagement center

b) b) Business centerBusiness center

c) c) According to articles of associationAccording to articles of association

d) d) Place of registrationPlace of registration

国　际　私　法

2 2 Recognition of foreign legal Recognition of foreign legal personperson

11 ） ） Concept of recognitionConcept of recognition22 ） ） FormsForms of recognitionof recognition aa ）） International wayInternational way b) Domestic way b) Domestic way Special procedureSpecial procedure General recognitionGeneral recognition Ordinary recognitionOrdinary recognition33 ）） Regulation of PRCRegulation of PRC

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

What is the difference on “What is the difference on “capacity capacity for rights for rights ”” and and “ “capacity to act capacity to act ”” between natural person and legal between natural person and legal person?person?

国　际　私　法

3 3 Legal person’s capacity for Legal person’s capacity for rights andrights and capacity to actcapacity to act

1) 1) Conflict of Conflict of legal person’s capacity for legal person’s capacity for rights andrights and capacity to actcapacity to act

2) 2) Application of law for legal person’s capacity Application of law for legal person’s capacity for rights andfor rights and capacity capacity to actto act

国　际　私　法

4 4 Foreign bankruptcyForeign bankruptcy

1)1)Concept of foreign bankruptcyConcept of foreign bankruptcy2)Extraterritorial effect of declaration 2)Extraterritorial effect of declaration of bankruptcyof bankruptcy3)Application of law for foreign 3)Application of law for foreign bankruptcybankruptcy

国　际　私　法

Chapter 5 State and Chapter 5 State and international organizationinternational organization

Section 1 StateSection 1 State

1 1 Characteristics of State as the Characteristics of State as the subject of Private International subject of Private International Law Law

2 2 Theories on State ImmunityTheories on State Immunity

Section 2 International organizationSection 2 International organization

1 1 Characteristics of Characteristics of international international organizationorganization as the subject of as the subject of Private International Law Private International Law

2 2 The privilege and immunity of The privilege and immunity of international organizationinternational organization

国　际　私　法

Section 1 StateSection 1 State

1 1 Characteristics of state as the subject Characteristics of state as the subject of private international lawof private international law

2 2 Theories on state immunityTheories on state immunity

　　（　　（ 11 ）） Content of Content of state immunitystate immunity

（（ 22 ）） Issues on Issues on state immunitystate immunity

（（ 33 ）） Theories on Theories on state immunitystate immunity

（（ 44 ）） Position of ChinaPosition of China

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

How to settle the conflict between How to settle the conflict between capacity for rights andcapacity for rights and capacity to act of capacity to act of international organizations?international organizations?

国　际　私　法

QuestionQuestion ：：

Why doWhy do international organizations international organizations have thehave the privilege and immunity privilege and immunity ??

国　际　私　法

Section 2 International Section 2 International organizationorganization

1 1 Characteristics of Characteristics of international organizationinternational organization as the as the subject of private international lawsubject of private international law

2 2 The privilege and immunity of international The privilege and immunity of international organizationsorganizations

（（ 11 ）） Creation and development of the privilege and immunity of Creation and development of the privilege and immunity of international organizationsinternational organizations

（（ 22 ）） Reason of the privilege and immunity of international Reason of the privilege and immunity of international organizationsorganizations

（（ 33 ）） Content of the privilege and immunity of international Content of the privilege and immunity of international organizationsorganizations

国　际　私　法

Chapter 6 Civil legal status for Chapter 6 Civil legal status for foreignersforeigners

11 、、 Concept Concept 22 、、 Civil legal status Civil legal status

for foreigners in for foreigners in different periodsdifferent periods

33 、 、 Several systems of Several systems of civil legal status for civil legal status for foreignersforeigners

44 、 、 Civil legal status Civil legal status for foreignersfor foreigners in PRC in PRC

国　际　私　法

2 2 Civil legal status for Civil legal status for foreigners in different periodsforeigners in different periods

Slavery societySlavery society

Feudal society Feudal society

Capitalist society Capitalist society

国　际　私　法

33 、 、 Several systems of civil Several systems of civil legal status for foreignerslegal status for foreigners

National treatment Most-favored-nation treatment Treatment of generalized system of preference Preferential treatment

国　际　私　法

44 、 、 Civil legal status for foreignersCivil legal status for foreigners in in PRCPRC

Before PRCBefore PRC ：： Reasonable treatment periodReasonable treatment period Antiforeign periodAntiforeign period Privilege periodPrivilege period