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Korean for fun

This page is a crash course of Korean, designed for those who need Korean words and phrases for unexpectedreasons, yet urgently, or just for fun. You don't need to have a Korean software to view these pages, since thetexts are given in graphics. (You can also download the image you want for publicational purposes.) If you click oneach text image, you can also hear how it sounds.

Basics(i) simple phrases(ii) smart phrases

Eating, Drinking, Traveling, and shopping.(i) numbers and money 

(ii) food and drinks

(1) food words

(2) food phrases(3) drink words(4) drink phrases

(iii) transportation

(iv) call a doctor!

Dating a korean!(i) do you have time?(ii) shall we ...?(iii) moving forward

Korean for fun: Basics I -- Simple Phrases

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yehYes.

ah-ni-o No.

kwen-chah-nah-yo

It's okay. That's alright.

ahn-nyong-ha-se-yo

How are you? How do you do? [also in reply]

ahn-nyong-i kah-se-yoGood bye.

kahm-sa-hahm-ni-da

Thank you. [formal]

koh-mahp-soom-ni-da

Thank you. [less formal]

che-sohng-hahm-ni-daI am sorry. [intense]

mi-ahn-hahm-ni-da

I am sorry. [less intense]

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Korean for fun: Basics II -- Smart Phrases

The following phrases are complete sentences by themselves. However, you can also make multiple sentenceswith them. All you have to do is put the word you want in front of the phrase. For example:

+ = 

k'uh-p'i chu-se-yo k'uh-p'i chu-se-yo

coffee give me "Give me coffee." " I'd like to have coffee, please."

 

issuh-yoIs there ...? Is ... there? Do you have ...? Have you got ...?

issuh-yo

There is ... ; I have ... ; ... is here

up-suh-yo

Is there not ...? Is ... not there? Do you not have ...?

up-suh-yoThere is not ... ; ... is not here ; I don't have ...

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chu-se-yo

Give me ...; I'd like ..., please.

hah-se-yoDo you do ...? Do you speak ...?

mol-lah-yo

I don't know ; I don't know ...

cho-ah-yo

Is it good? Do you like it? ; Is ... good? Do you like ...?

cho-ah-yoIt's good. I like it. Okay ; ... is good. I like ...

uh-dee-ye-yo

Where is ...?

mwuh-ye-yoWhat is ...?

Korean for fun: Number and money

1. Numbers

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il1

ee2

sahm3

sah4

oh5

yook6

ch'il7

pahl8

koo9

ship10

ee-ship20

sahm-ship30

sah-ship40

oh-ship50

yook-ship60

ch'il-ship70

pahl-ship80

koo-ship90

paek100

ee-paek200

sahm-paek300

sah-paek400

oh-paek500

yook-paek600

ch'il-paek700

pahl-paek800

koo-paek900

ch'on1,000

ee-ch'on2,000

sahm-ch'on3,000

sah-ch'on4,000

oh-ch'on5,000

yook-ch'on6,000

ch'il-ch'on7,000

pahl-ch'on8,000

koo-ch'on9,000

mahn10,000

ee-mahn

20,000

sahm-mahn30,000

sah-mahn40,000

oh-mahn50,000

yook-mahn

60,000

ch'il-mahn70,000

pahl-mahn

80,000

koo-mahn90,000

"100,000" is [ship-mahn ].As you can see, units change every four digits in Korea (and in many other Asian counturies), and adding acomma every three digits ('1,000') is very western custom.

"14" is [ship-sah ]. -- 14 = 10+4.

Similarly, 143 is [paek-sah-ship-sahm ].

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2. Money in different forms

tohnmoney

won

the Korean monetary unit

k'ah-dcredit card

yo-haeng-jah soo-p'yohtraveler's check

dahl-luhdollar

Korean for fun: Food and drinks: (1) Food words

shik-sah

meal

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ah-ch'im

breakfast ; morning

chum-shim lunch ; lunch time

cho-nyokdinner ; evening

shik-tahngrestaurant

me-nyoo

menu

soh-goh-gibeef 

tweh-ji-goh-gipork

tahg-goh-gi

chicken

ch'e-shikvegetarian diet

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ch'e-shik-chu-ui-jaha vegetarian (person)

bahng bread

pahp(cooked) rice

so-goomsalt

hoo-ch'oo

pepper

moolwater

kyeh-sahn-suhcheck, bill

hwah-jahng-shil

restroom

Korean for fun: Food and drinks: (2) Food phrases

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 The following are also smart phrases. you can add in front of them the words in the "food-related words." Also,refer to "smart phrases" for more phrases.

peh-goh-p'ah-yo

Are you hungry?

peh-goh-p'ah-yoI am hungry.

muh-gul-gah-yoShall we eat? Shall we eat ...?

chu-se-yoGive me ..., please.

issuh-yoDo you have ...?

muh-guh-yoI eat ...

mot-muh-guh-yoI don't (or can't) eat ... (as in "I don't eat pork.")

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cho-ah-hey-yo

Do you like it? ; Do you like ...?

cho-ah-hey-yoI like it. ; I like ...

meh-wuh-yoIs it spicy? ; Is ... spicy?

meh-wuh-yo

It is spicy. ; ... is spicy

mwuh-tool-uh-ssuh-yoWhat is in it?

mah-shi-ssuh-yo

Is it delicious? ; Is ... delicious?

mah-shi-ssuh-yo

It is delicious. ; ... is delicious.

mah-duhp-ssuh-yoIt is not delicious. ; ... is not delicious.

Add a little touch with...

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mah-neea lot (-- Add it right in front of the phrases.)

cho-goom

a little (-- Add it right in front of the phrases.)

Example:  -- "I am a little bit hungry."

Korean for fun: Food and drinks: (3) Drink-related words

soolalchol in general

oom-nyoh-soo

soft drinks in general

Now, smart phrases:

chahnglass; cup -- also as a counting unit; a glass of 

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pyungbottle

Now,

k'uh-p'i-shohpcoffee shop -- most likely serving soft drinks only, like Starbucks

ch'aht-chiptea house -- most likely serving Korean/herb tea

k'ah-p'ehcafé -- soft drinks and liquer (by night, maybe), some meal

sool-jip

bar -- a generic term for bars in different types

k'uh-p'icoffee

ch'ah

tea

k'o-lahcola

sprite or 7-up (un-cola)

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sai-dah

choo-s juice as in orange juice (most likely when you don't specify it)

mack-choobeer

soh-choosoju -- a typical Korean hard liquer. Transparent

mahk-gohl-limilk-colored liquer made of fermented rice

wah-innwine, alternatively called p'oh-doh-joo (grape-liquer)

yahng-choo

Western hard liquer in general, such as whisky, brandy, burbon,etc. (you need to specify it)

Korean for fun: Food and drinks: (4) Drink-related phrases

hahn-jahna glass; a cup

a bottle

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hahn-byung

chu-se-yo Give me ...

mah-shil-gah-yoShall we drink ... ?

hah-shih-geh-suh-yo

Would you like to do/eat/drink ....?

kwen-chah-nah-yo

It's okay. (More likely, 'I am okay. No, thanks.')

cho-ah-yo

Okay. Good. (

mohm-mah-shuh-yo

I cannot drink.

ahn-mah-shuh-yoI don't drink.

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kun-beh

Cheers!

Korean for fun: Call a doctor!

-- Here are some words and phrases that you might need when you need some medical attention. We start withsome necessary vocabulary, such as 'hospital,' 'doctor,' etc., learn names of body parts, and check some of common words that you might hear around a hospital.

Some information about the Korean medicare system:

 The word for hospital ( /pyung-won/) is used for both large hospitals--with a number of doctors andequipment--and small clinics run by a doctor.Pharmacists can not only sell medicine but also write prescriptions to make medicine. It has been a serious

dispute between phrmacists and doctors for a long time. Pharmicists are also allowed to practice someChinese/Korean medicine. It is partially because the role of pharmacists had been very crucial (and still is in someregions) from the time they did not have enough doctors.

1. Basic nouns

pyung-won

hospital; clinic

ui-sahmedical doctor

kahn-ho-sah

nurse

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ung-goop-shil

emergency room

yahkmedicine, drug

yahk-kook

pharmacy; drug store

 

Now, you can say such phrases as 'Where is the hospital?,' or 'Let's go to the hospital.'

pyong-won"hospital"

uh-tee"where"

issuh-yo"is...?"

Where is the hospital?

 

pyong-won"hospital"

.

kah-yo"go"

Let's go to the hospital.

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2. Basic body parts

muh-ree

head

ul-gool

face

noon

eye

k'ohnose

ip

mouth

kui

ear

mohm

body; torso

mohk

neck; throat

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uh-gae

shoulder

kah-soom

chest

pae

stomach

toongupper back

huh-ree

lower back

yup-koo-ree

side body

p'ahl

arm

sohn

hand

butt

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ung-dung-ee

tah-ree

leg

pahl

foot

 

Now, the smart phrase:

muh-ree"head"

ap'ah-yo"... hurts."

My head hurts. (= I have a headache.)

Korean for fun: Dating a korean: Do you have time?

chee-goomnow

oh-nool

today

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neh-il

tomorrow

chu-mah-reh on the weekend

shee-gahn

time

issuh-yoIs there ...? Is ... there? Do you have ...? Have you got ...?

issuh-yo

There is ... ; I have ... ; ... is here

up-suh-yoIs there not ...? Is ... not there? Do you not have ...?

up-suh-yoThere is not ... ; ... is not here ; I don't have ...

chuhn-hwah-bun-ho

phone number

mwuh-ye-yo

What is ...?

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example of making a question

ne-iltomorrow

shee-gahntime

issuh-yodo you have?

Do you have time tomorrow?

Korean for fun: Dating a korean: Shall we?

kook-chahngtheatre, movie theatre

uh-deewhere

kahl-gah-yo

(polite or formal)Shall we go?Shall we go ...?

kahl-gah?

(intimate or to ayounger person)

Shall we go?Shall we go ...?

pahprice or meal in general

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mwuhwhat

muh-gul-gah-yo(polite or formal)

Shall we eat it?

Shall we eat ...?

muh-gul-gah

(intimate or to ayounger person)

Shall we eat it?Shall we eat ...?

k'uh-p'i

coffee

k'o-lahcola

ch'ahtea

mah-shil-gah-yo(polite or formal)

Shall we drink it?Shall we drink ...?

mah-shil-gah(intimate or to ayounger person) Shall we drink it?Shall we drink ...?

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yong-hwahmovie

t'ee-beeTV

pohl-gah-yo(polite or formal)

Shall we watch (or see) it?Shall we watch (or see) ...?

pohl-gah

(intimate or to ayounger person)

Shall we watch (or see) it?Shall we watch (or see) ...?

kohng-boostudying

hahl-gah-yo(polite or formal)

Shall we do it?Shall we do ...?

hahl-gah

(intimate or to ayounger person)

Shall we do it?Shall we do ...?

example of making a question

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k'uh-p'icoffee

mah-shil-gah-yoshall we drink?

Shall we drink (or go to have) coffee?

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Korean lessons

Korean Lessons contain short step-by-step materials for you to study Korean with. It starts with somefundamental features of the Korean language, Hangul, and basic sentence structures. It is based on the lecturenotes of my Korean class.

Lesson 1 Fundamental features of Korean language

Lesson 2 Hangul, the Korean alphabetic system

Lesson 3 Some phonological notes

Lesson 4 Base form and stem in a predicate

Lesson 5 Forming predicates with verbs, adjectives, and nouns

Lesson 6 Subject markers

Lesson 7 Object markers

Lesson 8 Who? What? Where?

Lesson 9 This 'n that, here 'n there

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Lesson 10 Styles of speech -- a broad picture

Lesson 11 Numbers (I) -- General description and Chinese numbers

Lesson 12 Numbers (II) -- Native Korean numbers

Lesson 13 Locative markers (-e and -eso^)

Korean lessons: Lesson 1

Fundamental features of Korean Language 

The Korean language is spoken by more than 60 million people. It belongs to the group of Altaic languages together with Japanese, Ainu, and Mongolian,which were splitted one another several thousand years ago. Syntactically, Korean shares some common characteristics with these Altaic languages, whileover 70% of its contemporary vocabulary came from Chinese.

1) SOV language

Korean is classified as an SOV language, which stands for <Subject-Object-Verb> word order. English on the other hand is an SVO language. A subject isthe one who acts. An object is the one who receives the subjects action. For example:

<English> Bob loves Jenny.

Who loves Jenny? Bob does. Who is loved by Bob? Jenny is. In Korean this sentence will be in the the word order:

<Korean> Bob Jenny loves.

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2) Topic-prominent language

Although we call it a subject, its position is not for subjects, the actor, only. A topic can also be in the position. A topic may not be an actor, but the one whichthe sentence is about. Let's take an example: You bumped into a friend after lunch. Your friend asks you, "Hey, how about a lunch?" You might want to say,"Lunch? I already had it. How about a cup of coffee?" The first part of this speech can be understood, 'As for (or, speaking of) lunch, I already ate it.' InKorean, this can be stated simply:

<Korean> Lunch, I ate.

3) Agglutinating language

Now, you may have been confused, saying, "I don't get it. How come no one interprets it 'A lunch ate me.'?" This is where the powerful function of particles,endings, and conjugation comes in. By attaching these little grammatical devices, you label each words, so that your words come into places without causingmisunderstanding.

4) Basic Sentence Formation:

{Subject/Topic+particle} + {Object+particle} + {Verb/Adjective+conjugation}

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