Lecture 8Education For All

The Age of Sustainable Development

8.1. Global School Enrollment (1970-2011)

Source: World Bank. 2014. “World Development Indicators.”

8.2. Female Primary School Enrollment (1970-2011)

Source: World Bank. 2014. “World Development Indicators.”

8.3. Global Secondary School Enrollment (Gross) (2011)

Source: World Bank. 2014. “World Development Indicators.”

8.4. Global Tertiary School Enrollment (Gross) (2011)

Source: World Bank. 2014. “World Development Indicators.”

8.5. Health and Development Across the Lifespan

Credit: Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University.

8.6. Rates of Return to Human Capital Investment

Source: Heckman, James J. 2006. “Skill Formation and the Economics of Investing in Disadvantaged Children.” Science 312(5782): 1900–1902. Reprinted with permission from AAAS.

8.7. Preschool Enrollment and the Gap in Educational Attainment

Source: Engle, Patrice L., et al. 2011. “Strategies for Reducing Inequalities and Improving Developmental Outcomes for Young Children in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries.” The Lancet. 378(9799): 1339–1353.

8.8. Percentage of US Population 25 years+ Completing High School of College (1940-2013)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey.

8.9. Rising US Tuition Costs (1986-2013)

Source: Baum, Sandy, and Jennifer Ma. 2013. “Trends in College Pricing 2013.” New York: The College Board.

8.10. Rising Student Debt in the US

Source: Federal Reserve of Economic Data.

8.11. Educational Attainment (2000) By 8th Grade Socioeconomic Status

(1988)

Source: National Center for Education Statistics.

8.12. Great Gatsby Curve Inequality and Intergenerational

Earnings Mobility

Source: Corak, Miles. 2013. “Income Inequality, Equality of Opportunity, and Intergenerational Mobility.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 27(3): 79–102. Used with permission.

8.13a. Economic Status of Sons with

Low-Earning Fathers (US vs. Canada)

8.13b. Economic Status of Sons with High-Earning Fathers (US vs. Canada)

Source: Corak, Miles. 2009. Chasing the Same Dream, Climbing Different Ladders: Economic Mobility in the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Pew Charitable Trusts Economic Mobility Project. © 2010 The Pew Charitable Trusts.

8.14. Global R&D Expenditures as Percentage of GDP (2010)

Source: World Bank. 2014. “World Development Indicators.”