LEQ: What were the causes of the Reformation?Drill:

Which church came to dominate Europe during the Middle Ages?

The Reformation• A movement of religious reform

(change)

Causes of the Reformation

Social:i. Questioning of the Churchii. The printing press helped to spread ideas critical of

the Church

Political:iii. Monarchs challenged the Church as the supreme

power in Europeiv. Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and

challenged his authority

Causes of The Reformation

Economic:i. European princes and kings were jealous of the Church’s

wealthii. Merchants and others resented having to pay taxes to

the Church

Religious:iii. Some Church leaders had become worldly (secular) and

corruptiv. Many people found Church practices such as

indulgences as unacceptable

Indulgences • Any devoted Catholic could pay money to the church in exchange for the forgiveness of sins

•To some indulgences was a corrupt practice that was "irrelevant to divine forgiveness," and aimed more at financially benefiting the pope

Martin LutherTasks:• Read the handout provided (DO

NOT WRITE ON IT) • Take notes that:1. Identify Martin Luther2. Identify which Church practices

Martin Luther attacked3. Describe 2 major teachings of

Luther4. Explain why German princes

supported Luther

LEQ:How did the Reformation in Germany influence other areas in Europe?Drill:

How might the philosophy of Humanism encouraged people to question the Church in the 16th century?

*Data from 2011*

Pop-Quiz1. Martin Luther was

A) a reverend and civil rights leader

B) a German monk who spared a reform movement

C) an Italian Renaissance painter

2. What practice did Luther attack in his 95 theses

A) indulgences

B) Communion

C) Reconciliation

Pop-Quiz3. Luther taught

A) that good works alone does not guarantee salvation

B) individuals do not need a priest to interpret the Bible

C) both A and B

4. German princes supported Luther because

A) they like Luther

B) they wanted independence from the Holy Roman Empire

C) they didn’t agree with the pope

Protestantism (a.k.a. Reformation)

•Movement to reform and break from the Roman Catholic Church lead by Martin Luther in 1517•Today Protestants have many denominations:

Baptists

Anglican (Church of England)

Presbyterian

Lutheran

Pentecostal

Each is similar to the Roman Catholic Church,

but do not view the pope as the religious leader.

The Break with Rome1. Why did Henry VIII of England, a self-proclaimed devout

Catholic, quarrel with the pope?

2. What did the Act of Supremacy of 1534 do?

3. In what ways is the Church of England different from the Catholic Church?

4. How did King Henry VIII’s heirs handle religion in England?

The Break with Rome1. Henry VIII’s quarrel with the pope was purely personal. He

wanted a divorce; after six years he broke from Rome

* His wife, Catherine did not produce a male heir to his liking.

Henry VIII had mistresses; Mary and Anne Boleyn

2. English Parliament recognized the king as the supreme head of the Church of England

The Break with Rome3. Allowed priests to marry and use an English translation of

the Bible

4. Edward VI = Protestant; Book of Common Prayer

Mary Tudor = Persecuted Anglicans; restored Catholic Church

Elizabeth I = Religious compromise; persecuted all who did not accept her policies; made England a Protestant nation

The Wives of Henry VIII http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/sixwives.htm