Lesson 2

Teacher:Angelo Freire

Warm-UpWork in pairs

• Greet each other• Introduce yourself and say how

you like to be called• Say goodbye

Asking how a person is doing• How are you?

• How are you doing today/tonight?

• How do you do?

• How’s it going?

• What’s up?

Informal/formal

Informal/formal

Formal

Informal

Very informal

Responding• I’m well, thank you.

• I’m good, thanks.

• I’m OK.

• I couldn’t be better. Thanks for asking.

• (I’m) hanging in there.

• I couldn’t be worse.

Formal

Informal

Informal

Formal/Informal

Informal

Formal/Informal

Cultural Note• Even though most books present the

phrases• How are you?• Fine, thanks.

Most people do not talk like that.• To ask about how the person is doing, use

HOW/WHAT ABOUT YOU?• How are you?• I’m good. How about you?

AND YOU? is not really used.

Let’s PracticeWork in pairs

• Take turns asking how the other person is doing• Practice different phrases to ask

and to respond

Let’s Learn!!!

The basic elements of a sentence in English

The basic elements of a sentence in English

• Sentences in English have 3 basic elements

I speak EnglishSubjectVerb Object

We say that English is a SVO language

• Do you know any other languages that are also SVO?• Do you know any other

languages that aren’t SVO?

The first element is the subject

• It can be a noun – usually preceededby an article (A/AN/THE)• It can be a verb – in this case, we

use the ING form• It can be also a pronoun, which is

called a SUBJECT PRONOUN

Examples:• The MAN speaks English

noun

verb

subject pronoun

•WATCHING movies can improve your English

• HE speaks good English

So, let’s take a look at the subject pronouns

Singular Plural• First person – the person who talks

I we• Second person – the person you talk to

you you

• Third person – the person you talk abouthe/she/it they

Pay attention!!!• The subject pronoun I is always

capitalized (i.e. I, not i )• Use he for men/boys• Use she for women/girls

• Use it for objects/wild animals

• For pets, use he – if the pet is male or she – if the pet is female

The first element is the subject

• It can be a noun – usually preceededby an article (A/AN/THE)• It can be a verb – in this case, we

use the ING form• It can be also a pronoun, which is

called a SUBJECT PRONOUN

Let’s Learn!!!TO BE or NOT TO BE, that’s the question!

The verb TO BE

The verb TO BE is a special verb in English

• It can express a temporary stateI AM very happy today.• It can express a permanent state

The man IS Brazilian• It can work as auxiliary verb in the

continuous/progressive tensesWe ARE learnING EnglishPresent Continous/Progressive

The verb TO BE in the presentSINGULAR

• I AM • you ARE• he/she/it IS

PLURAL• we ARE• you ARE• they ARE

The verb TO BE in the present – Negative

SINGULAR• I AM NOT I’M NOT• you ARE NOT AREN’T• he/she/it IS NOT ISN’T

PLURAL• we ARE NOT AREN’T• you ARE NOT AREN’T• they ARE NOT AREN’T

The verb TO BE in the pastSINGULAR

• I WAS • you WERE /uôrr/• he/she/it WAS

PLURAL• we WERE• you WERE• they WERE

The verb TO BE in the past – negativeSINGULAR

• I WAS NOT WASN’T• you WERE NOT WEREN’T• he/she/it WAS NOT WASN’T

PLURAL• we WERE NOT WEREN’T• you WERE NOT WEREN’T• they WERE NOT WEREN’T

The verb TO BE in the futureSINGULAR

• I WILL BE • you WILL BE• he/she/it WILL BE

PLURAL• we WILL BE• you WILL BE• they WILL BE

The verb TO BE in the future – negative

SINGULAR• I WILL NOT BE WON’T

BE • you WILL NOT BE WON’T

BE• he/she/it WILL NOT BE WON’T BE

PLURAL• we WILL NOT BE WON’T

BE• you WILL NOT BE WON’T

BE• they WILL NOT BE WON’T

BE

Let’s PracticeWork in pairs

Ask each other questions using the verb TO BE in the present and the cues

• Student A: Brazilian Student B:American• Student B:single Student A: married• Student A: single Student B:divorced• Student B:American Student A:

Australian• Student A: happy Student B:sad• Student B:tired Student A: OK

Let’s Practice a Little MoreThis time, you have to use the pronouns and

YES or NO, according to the cues

• Student A: she/Brazilian Student B:no• Student B:he/ single Student A:yes• Student A: they/single Student B:yes• Student B:they/American Student A: no• Student A: she/happy Student B:no• Student B:he/tired Student A: no

That’s all,folks!!!

Have a good!See you next

class!!!