lesson 2: using information ethically ii
TRANSCRIPT
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Information Ethics II:
CPRG 105 Lesson 2
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Why should I care about…?
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Do you ever…?
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Create something?
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Download or Upload?
Music
Internet
YouTube
Images
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Have to read articles on
Electronic Reserves?
• Every time you sign in to ERes
• Agree to “fair use”
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Give Presentations in Class?
• Using copyrighted
image or video clip
• In your PPT
• Face-to-face
• One time
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Have a Class Where…
• Instructor uses
copyrighted
images or video
clips?
• In face-to-face
classroom
• To help make a
point
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Do you ever…?
• If you ever DO or experience ANY of
these scenarios, THEN
• YOU are involved with COPYRIGHT
• And issues of “fair use” and
getting permission
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Protecting Creativity
Intellectual Property Law
Patents
Trademarks Copyright
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Intellectual Property Law
• Copyright protects expression.
• Trademarks protect brand names.
• Patents protect ideas.
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What is copyright?
• Copyright protects people who have
created something tangible.
• It applies to any original work that is in “fixed form”
• Does not have to be published
• Does not need to be registered
or have a copyright symbol - ©
• You cannot copyright IDEAS!
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Protects the rights of…
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Works in “fixed form”
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Can you
copyright
IDEAS?
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Copyright Act of 1976
Gives the copyright owner the exclusive RIGHT to:
• Make copies
• Sell or distribute copies
• Prepare new (derivative) works
• Perform/display
Copyright owner can grant permission to others to do any of the above.
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Sonny Bono Copyright
Extension Act (1998)
• Changed copyright law
• Now copyright expires 70 years after
the death of the owner
• Copyright is not renewable
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What if…
Something is
copyrighted
and I want to
use it?
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Check to see if:
Your use of the copyrighted
material would be
considered “fair use”
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Fair use
Allows limited use of a copyrighted work
without harming the copyright owner
financially
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Generally, fair use falls
under the categories of:
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Still...
Just because copyrighted material is
used for the purposes of:
• News
• Criticism
• Parody
• Education
Does NOT automatically mean it is
“fair use”!
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So, HOW do I determine...
If something
is
“FAIR USE”
or not???
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Four Factors of Fair Use
1. Purpose
2. Nature
3. Amount
4. Effect
You must apply ALL 4 factors!!!
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1. Purpose
WHY
are you using it?
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WHY?
Educational purposes are more likely than commercial purposes to be fair use.
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2. Nature
WHAT KIND
of work is the
original?
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Fact vs. Fiction
1492
Using a factual or non-fiction work is more likely to be considered fair use.
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Published vs. Unpublished
Using published work is more likely to be considered fair use.
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3. Amount
Less
More
The less you use, the more likely it is to be considered fair use.
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But, regardless of how little
you take,
DON’T TAKE…
The heart of a work!!!
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4. Effect
WHAT
is the effect of its use on
the
potential market
for the copyright owner?
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Taking money away from the
copyright owner is a…
NO-NO!!!
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If you apply ALL 4 factors of
fair use
• AND you can say “YES” to ALL of
them,
• THEN it is considered FAIR USE.
• And you may use the copyrighted
material without getting permission.
• But you still must CITE it!
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Getting Permission
• If it doesn’t fall under “fair use,” you
must obtain PERMISSION to use the
work/image.
• Sometimes you must pay a FEE.
• Sometimes you may use it for FREE
with their copyright statement.
• Email an author or website for
permission.
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What happens if you violate
copyright?
If willfully...
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Everything is NOT
copyrighted!
• That is correct!
• Some materials are in the:
• And some have
licenses which allow you to use them
more freely
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Public Domain
• Applies to works that are:– Not copyrighted or
– No longer covered by copyright
• Anyone can use public domain
works without permission!
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Generally, public domain
includes:
• Works published before 1923
• US federal government info
• Works put into public domain
by their creators
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Something NEW!!!
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Copyright
Creative
Commons
Licenses
Public
Domain
“No rights reserved.”“All rights reserved.”
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What’s the difference?
Plagiarism
vs.
Copyright Violation
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What’s the difference?
Plagiarism
• Using someone
else’s words OR
ideas
• Without giving
CREDIT
• Passing it off as
your own
• ETHICAL issue
Copyright
Violation
• Using someone
else’s work
• Without
PERMISSION
• LEGAL issue
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How do you avoid?
Plagiarism
• Do your own work
• Cite your sources
properly
Copyright
Violation
• Fair Use
• Get permission
• Use Public Domain
or Creative
Commons material
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Attribution vs. Permission
• WARNING: Just because you cite a
copyrighted work (give
ATTRIBUTION) does NOT mean you
do not have to get PERMISSION to
use a copyrighted work.
• Also, just because you get
PERMISSION(or don’t need
permission), does not mean you
do NOT have to also cite (give
ATTRIBUTION).
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