Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher

2014 Australian Awards Fellow abdeguzman@mnl.ust.edu.ph

as a way of life mbracing research e

in Library and Information Science

To be a

LIBRARIAN is not a

joke

To be a

LIBRARIAN is not a

joke

Project Management Skills

THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN

Ability to question

and evaluate library services

Farkas, M. (2006)

Ability to evaluate the

needs of all

stakeholders

THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN

Ability to translate

traditional library

services into the

online medium Farkas, M. (2006)

Critical of

technologies and

ability to compare technologies

THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN

Farkas, M. (2006)

Ability to sell ideas and library services

THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN

Farkas, M. (2006)

THE TRIAD OF MODERN LIBRARIANSHIP

Research

Practice Theory

CULTURE

AGENTS

STRUCTURE Research Activities

Building Blocks of Research Activities

Thomas Aquinas Research Complex

Research as

a shared

culture

ISOMIMETIC MORPHISM

(Dimaggio & Powell, 1993)

In order for newer colleges/universities to be able to compete with the older

universities with well-established research administration they have to rely on the experiences of the older universities to

guide their own developments.

How many of our Philippine librarians

have MA/MS and PhD degrees?

How many of our Philippine librarians are

into research?

How many of our Filipino librarians who have acquired advanced

degrees can be be considered as

“sleeping giants?

Some Perspectives on Research

Culture Development

ageism elitism

sexism

According to Fox (2001)

Women’s lower productivity relative to men’s is critical to study not only because of the size and persistence of the gap but also because other forms of gender inequality are perpetuated by it.

Nota Bene:

The larger gender difference in productivity documented by Cole and Zuckerman (1984) has not disappeared in recent years (Fox, 2005; Long 1992; Long, Allison, and McGinnis, 1993; Prpic, 2002; Xie & Shauman, 1998)

Thomas Aquinas Research Complex

The essence of Research Culture

Accumulate Accumulate

Accumulate

BRUNO LATOUR’S SCIENCE IN ACTION BRUNO LATOUR’S SCIENCE in ACTION

The cycle starts with

sending out an explorer, in

his ship fully loaded with

equipment, bearing a

mission of drawing a

complete map of the

remote land.

LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION

The explorer arrives in a

remote land, meets with native

people, draws a map on

notebooks and sketchbooks,

leaves the remote land, and

finally returns to the

metropolitan center with a map

in his hand.

LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION

The next explorer is sent

out, this time not only

with ships and

equipment but also with

maps drawn from the

previous expedition.

LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION

He comes back with

another, arguably

better, map. A new

map is added to the

existing piles of maps

LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION

Latour argues. It doesn’t’

have to be people that are

sent to draw maps or to

“bring the lands back” to

the center, and an

expedition is not the only

type of the cycles of

accumulation.

LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION

“Ready-made

science”

“Science in the making”

BRUNO LATOUR’s DIFFERENTIATION (1987)

Generating New Ideas

Generating New

Practices

Generating New

Products

Generating New

Business

Processes Leading to Innovation Dennis Tsichritzis

Kaori Fuchigami

Tracking Researchers’

Visibility through

the largest bibliographic

database containing abstract

and citations for academic

journal articles

Top 10 Philippines institutions by article output

(So

urc

e: T

ho

mso

n R

eute

rs W

eb o

f Sc

ien

ce)

Rank Institution Number of

Articles 2011

1 UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES 192

2 INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

123

3 University Philippines Los Banos 98

4 De la Salle University 68

5 Asian Development Bank 47

6 University Philippines Diliman 38

7 University Santo Tomas 31

8 Asian Fisheries Development Center

24

9 Ateneo Manila Univ 22

10 University San Carlos 19

Research is viewed by

Filipino librarians as a mandate

and not as a global activity.

Reality Check

DE GUZMAN SHIFTING VIEWS OF RA

AS A

MANDATE

AS A

GLOBAL

ACTIVITY

AS AN

INNOVATION

TOOL

A good number of theses are

produced by your school every year

Reality Check

Not all papers done by the students are

advised by researching

faculty.

Reality Check

Some theses are completed but

poorly or ill-advised.

Reality Check

Commitment to the

Your being a Librarian

Life of the Mind

Know-All Attitude

Peter’s Principle

The About-to-Retire Attitude

It’s not EASY to embrace

a research

CULTURE

Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher

2014 Australian Awards Fellow abdeguzman@mnl.ust.edu.ph

as a way of life mbracing research e

in Library and Information Science

Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher

2014 Australian Awards Fellow abdeguzman@mnl.ust.edu.ph

cholarship Librarians as Digital Curators

DOES YOUR SCHOOL HAVE A

DOES YOUR LIBRARY HAVE

power

powerful library

Energy under normal

conditions

cannot be created or

destroyed,

simply transformed from one

type of energy to another

look

smell

dasein to be here &

there to be to be to be

here &

there

+

Eddie Romero’s Ganito Kami Noon,

Paano Kayo Ngayon

(What We Now We Then)

Librarianship

is an Librarianship

“One cannot

bathe in the

same river

twice.”

Heraclitus

“For years the librarian was the portal to

information; now the computer is the portal.

Librarians need to find ways to help people

discriminate between the sources of

information and find the best ways to

search.”

”

As librarians

Are you old or aging?

Complacent about the changes in

the environment

Satisfied with the

status quo

Open to become

fossils in the museum

Look around. Look within.

Look beyond.

THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS

Ability to embrace

change.

Farkas, M. (2006)

1

THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS

Comfort in the

online medium

Farkas, M. (2006)

2

THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS

Ability to

troubleshoot new

technologies Farkas, M. (2006)

3

THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS

Ability to easily

learn new

technologies

Farkas, M. (2006)

4

THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS

Ability to keep up with

new technology and

librarianship Farkas, M. (2006)

5

“our great universities are losing

their library buying power, and

none of these historical sources of

revenue can keep up with the increases in cost.”

Buying Power of Libraries

(1980-2010)

“Libraries clearly will not scale into the 21st

century using the current model. We must

develop new paradigm that meets the

economic parameters of our institutions, and

yet still supports the traditional values of libraries and scholarship”

Great Contributors

to library costs:

Acquisition Cost

Personnel Cost

Space Cost

3

“A commonly discussed solution to

these problems is to move to an

electronic model where information

access—rather than ownership—is the

defining characteristics of a quality library. ”

4th Rizal Library International Conference on Library Spaces: Building Effective and Sustainable Physical and Virtual Libraries

25th to 26th October 2010 Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines

2010

Transforming our

Libraries, Ourselves

2014

Transforming our Libraries,

Ourselves

Transforming our Libraries,

Ourselves

Transforming our Libraries,

Ourselves

Transformation Transformation Transformation Transformation

The Language of Today’s Library

Libraries are at a critical point due to dramatic and rapid technological advances and the incredible increase of digital information– either born digital or created via mass digitization (Kim, Warga, & Moen 2012)

Digital libraries and digital repositories are the focus of many libraries, especially academic and research libraries (Kim, Warga & Moen, 2012)

cholarship

IS A FORM OF INNOVATION

Lt. innovare=

to change

innovation

The original (3×3×3) Rubik's

Cube has eight corners and twelve edges.

There are 8! (40,320) ways to arrange the corner cubes. There are 12!/2 (239,500,800) ways to arrange the edges

Eleven edges can be flipped independently, with the flip of the twelfth depending on the preceding ones, giving 211 (2,048) possibilities.

Sustaining Innovation

Disruptive Innovation

INNOVATION TYPOLOGIES

Sustaining Innovations Are innovations that are

sufficiently congruent with existing systems that they

have little impact on either the structure or culture of

the library

Disruptive Innovations Are innovations that require

dramatic alterations in both the structure and the culture of the

library

Involve alteration of roles, rules and relationship

WHAT DO SCHOLARS DO?

Conceptualise a worthy

idea Design a protocol to

achieve the purpose of a

scholarly endeavor

Gather the needed data

to support the argument

WHAT DO SCHOLARS DO?

Analyse and interpret

the gathered data

Develop sound

conclusions

Communicate the

results of the scholarly

work

QUESTION

How many have experienced writing a thesis or dissertation in the past?

QUESTION

Would you consider your thesis/disseration a scholarly piece of work?

QUESTION

At the time you were writing your thesis/dissertation with whom did you communicate the progress of your work?

QUESTION

Did you find it very helpful talking to and consulting with people when developing your paper?

QUESTION

Have you ever tried sharing your thesis in more open but still targeted environment like conferences and seminars?

QUESTION

Have you ever tried posting your paper drafts in your personal websites, preprint servers and working paper repositories (ArXiv, SSRN, Cogprints and RePEc)?

QUESTION

Have you ever tried submitting your work for scholarly publication in a reputable journal in the discipline while posting simultaneously an unpublished version of the article or pre-publication work?

QUESTION

Have you ever tried having your work included in a monograph published by a prestigious press?

Da

ta S

ha

ring

Co

ntin

uu

m

(Ric

e, 2

00

7)

(Borgman et al 2008)

Network Mediated Symbol

Mediated

Communication Mediated

Culturally Mediated

Cyberinfrastructure Mediated

QUESTION

If universities are places of scholars and for scholars, how is/should communication of scholarship done and facilitated?

QUESTION

If university libraries are repository of scholarly communication, what technological advances mediate communication between and among scholars?

QUESTION

How do libraries as repositories of information make the sharing of scholarship dynamic?

QUESTION

To what extent has the Web 2.0 facilitated the scholarly communication of your work?

is the term given to describe a second generation of the World Wide Web that is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online.

A group of new Web-based information tools and services—such as social networking sites—that are easy to adopt and use and that enable their users to be producers and publishers rather than just consumers of information (O’Reilly, 2005; Anderson, 2007)

WEB 2.0 brings the promise of enabling researchers to create, annotate, review, re-use and represent information in new ways, and of promoting innovations in scholarly communication practices—e.g. publishing ‘work in progress’ and openly sharing research resources—that will help to realize the e-Research vision of improved productivity and reduced ‘time to discovery’ (Arms & Larsen 2007; Hannay 2009; Hey et al. 2009).

AFFORDANCES OF NEW DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

Locate and access

scholarly resources

Collaborate with other

scholars

(Acord, & Harley, 2012)

THE PROMISING AREA OF NEW MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES

Share and

disseminate one’s

own scholarship

Farkas, M. (2006)

CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP DEFINED

Is the marriage

between high

performance

computing and digital

libraries that can

bring together vast

quantities of material

(Arms, W., 2008)

QUESTION

Why should we embrace cybersholarship?

We are living in

a data-driven science

CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP

In the cyberage,

collections of digital

content and the

software to interpret

them have become

the foundation of

discovery.

(Richardson, 2008)

CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP

When content

becomes

infrastructure, there is

value in investment to

support it.

(Richardson, 2008)

CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP

The preservation and

organization of information

for new forms of

scholarship enable others

to discover unexpected and

novel associations without

having to replicate the

primary data

(Richardson, 2008)

SOME FUTURE TRENDS

In future, text/data

needs to be in

formats that support

machine processing

(e.g. XML or

Xtensible Markup

Language rather than PDF

(Richardson, 2008)

THE PROBLEM IN CYBERSCHOLARSHIP

The apathy of the academic,

scientific and information

communities coupled with

the indifference or even

active hostility and greed of

many publishers renders

literature-data-driven science

still inaccessible

(Richardson, 2008)

EXAMPLE OF CYBERSCHOLARSHIP AT THE MACRO LEVEL

The National Virtual

Observatory

Its goal is to bring together previously disjoint sets of astronomical data, in particular digital sky surveys that have made observations at various wavelengths. Important astronomical results that are not observable in a single dataset can be revealed by combined analysis of data from these different surveys.

ENTREZ

Entrez provides a unified view of biomedical information from a wide variety of sources including the PubMed citations and abstracts, the Medical Subject Headings, full text of journal articles and books, databases such as the protein sequence database and Genbank, and computer programs such as the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for comparing gene and protein sequences.

EXAMPLE OF CYBERSCHOLARSHIP AT THE MACRO LEVEL

QUESTION

At the institutional level, what emerging role should librarians play in a digital library environment?

The

as

curator digital

Data Librarian Data Scientist Data Manager

eScience Professional

curator digital

Lt. = curare

curator

“take care”

DIGITAL CURATION

Involves maintaining,

preserving and adding value

to digital research data throughout its life cycle.

(Digital Curation Centre, n.d.)

IN THE CONTEXT OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES

THE THREE MAIN POTENTIAL ROLES

1. Increasing data awareness among researchers

2. Providing archiving and preservation

services for data within the institution

through institutional repositories

(Swan & Brown, 2008)

IN THE CONTEXT OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES

THE THREE MAIN POTENTIAL ROLES

3. Developing a new professional

practice in the form of data

librarianship

(Swan & Brown, 2008)

THE CURRENT ISSUE

A report published by the

Association of Research Libraries

indicated gaps in academic libraries

in terms of appropriately trained

information professionals able to act

on opportunities for supporting cyberscholarship.

(Soehner, Steeves & Ward, 2010)

Are the

Filipino Librarians

for

curation? digital

ready

THE FINDINGS

Of the 110 job advertisements

collected, 85% (93 out of 110)

required or preferred an ALA-

accredited Master’s degree as an educational qualification for the job

(Cragin et al, 2009)

THE FINDINGS

17 or 23% require

computer

programming

experience

AREAS OF SKILLS AND KNOWLEGE

WORKING IN AN IT INTENSIVE ENVIRONMENT

Knoweldge of multiple operating systems

and web architectures including Unix/LINUX,

Windows, and LAMP; programing and

scripting (JAVA, PHP, Perl); web

development skills (HTML, CSS), relational

databases (Oracle, MySQL) data analysis

tools (Nvivo, Stata, SAS, SPSS) specifications (SQL, XML, XSLT, DRF, OWL

(Cragin et al, 2009)

STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION

Familiarity with and knowledge of

various metadata standards, such as

MARC, Dublin Core, METS, MODS,

and PREMIS.

Knowledge of commonly used

repository platforms (Dspace, Eprints and Fedora

(Cragin et al, 2009)

THE CHALLENGE

Some recent articles assert the need

to educate and train library staff if

libraries are to succeed in the areas

of digital curation and data management.

(Ogburn, 2010; Heidorn, 2011)

A four-course competency-based

masters level curriculum for digital curation and data management

Robert Gordon

University

Johns Hopkins

University

King’s College

London

initiatives curation

digital

Some

An institutional repository (IR) collects, preserves, and disseminates in digital form, the intellectual output of an institution.

To provide a seamless database of worldwide content,

searchable by all.

PURPOSE

THE REPOSITORY ENVIRONMENT IN AUSTRALIA

University research increasingly

involves the use, generation,

manipulation, sharing and analysis

of digital resources. New

paradigms of ICT-enabled research

have become mainstream in all disciplines

SOME TRENDS

SOME TRENDS

The tendency of scholars to sign away all their rights when an article or other content format is published, and the pressure to make research publicly available

THE AMERICAN COUNCIL OF LEARNED SCIENCES (ACLS, 2006)

Recommends that all content be freely available under open access, even if no plan has been put forward for addressing the IP issues surrounding many formats.

JOINT NSF/JISC REPORT (2007)

Projects which use public funds to generate data, etc, have a responsibility to make that information available to other researchers.

THE AUSTRALIAN RESEARCH CUNCIL AND THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

COUNCIL (2008)

“Any publications arising from a research project will be deposited in an appropriate subject and or institutional repository wherever such a repository is available to the researcher.

Publications

For publications by

this staff member,

visit QUT ePrints

Request a copy

Statistics Overview

provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites. Google Scholar helps you find relevant work across the world of scholarly research

“Yet consistently the literature points to the basic failure to date to embed the institutional repository in the intellectual life of the scholar/researcher.” The ISSUE

“If self-archiving, i.e. relying on academics to either deposit their own works themselves or allocate the task to someone else such as a research assistant, serves as the basis for populating the repository, then this concept/workflow has failed to fulfill initial expectations.”

“The majority of the academic staff felt that they did not have the time to self-deposit, and were particularly unwilling to do this where they had already provided publication details to a departmental administrator.”

“At Curtin University of Technology, an integrator system has been designed and implemented to share data between an institutional eprint repository and a University publications management system..”

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Harvest content published by Griffith authors and then ask authors for relevant files

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Allocate one staff member to contact publishers’ permission as well keep abreast of which publishers now allow publisher PDF version

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Upload files on behalf of the Griffith authors Undertake all copyright checking

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Provide easy access to a range of statistics relating to each publication by a given author

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Demonstrate how searching in Google returns an entry in GRO

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Utilize both marketing and support strategies which are tailored to meet the needs of different “cultures” or disciplines

GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Harvest content published by Griffith authors and then ask authors for relevant files

ASEAN 2015

• human resources development and capacity building

• recognition of professional qualifications • consultation on economic and financial

polices • trade financing • infrastructure and communications

connectivity • electronic transactions through e-ASEAN • industrial integration to promote

regional sourcing • enhancing private sector involvement

for the building of AEC

Infrastructure and communications

connectivity

Scientific

Institutional

Repositories

CU Intellectual

Repository

SOME SITUATIONER

The Philippine school system is said to one of the largest in the world.

2nd Sem

de Guzman, A. B. (2003. The dynamics of educational

reforms in the Philippine basic and higher education

sectors. Asia Pacific Education Review 4(1), 39-505,

133-147 (Springer, The Netherlands)

SOME SITUATIONER

The Philippine higher education system is perhaps one of the most unique systems in the world.

2nd Sem

de Guzman, A. B. (2013). Quality versus access in

expanding higher education. University World News

issue No 284.

Philippine Digital Repositories

SEAFDEC

Don Bosco Research Repository

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Archimede, Laval University Library

•DAITSS, Florida Center for Library Automation

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Dienst, Cornell Digital Library Research Group

•DSpace, DSpace Foundation DuraSpace

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Enterprise-Wide Digital Repository and Archive, Sun Microsystems

•EPrints Free Software

•ETD-db, Virginia Tech University Libraries

•eXtensible Text Framework (XTF), California Digital Library

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Fedora, Fedora Commons DuraSpace

•Greenstone, New Zealand Digital Library Project, University of Wankato

•Invenio, CERN Integrated Digital Library System

•IRPlus, University of Rochester.

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Keystone Digital Library Suite, Index Data. DLS is no" longer being actively developed."

•MOAI. (Can't tell what "MOAI" stands for or who developed it.)

•Omeka, Center for History and New Media, George Mason University

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•OPUS. Originally from the Stuttgart University Library ("OPUS" stands for "Online Publikationsverbund Universität Stuttgart"), OPUS is now developed by a consortium of German university partners in Berlin, Dresden, Saarbrücken, and Stuttgart.

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

•Keystone Digital Library Suite, Index Data. DLS is no" longer being actively developed."

•MOAI. (Can't tell what "MOAI" stands for or who developed it.)

•Omeka, Center for History and New Media, George Mason University

COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS

• PubMan. From the eSciDoc project at the Max Planck Society.

•WEKO, National Institute of Informatics

•PeerLibrary, UC Berkeley

IN CONCLUSION

Building content in institutional

repositories is integral to

supporting the future of scholarly

communications and thereby supporting cyberscholarship.

IN CONCLUSION

Cyberscholarhip offers a number

of promises and challenges to

Philippine LIS curriculum and

library staff continuing education program.

IN CONCLUSION

Given the promises and the

challenges of cyberscolarship, the

practice of academic and research

librarianship in the Philippines remains a great work in progress.

“If you want to build a ship,

don’t round up men to get

wood, to perform jobs and

to divide the work, but

teach them the desire for

the wide and endless

sea.”

Antoine de Saint-Exupery Author of the Little Prince

Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher

2014 Australian Awards Fellow abdeguzman@mnl.ust.edu.ph

cholarship Librarians as Digital Curators