MBTI:

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Financial Administrator Development Program 2012-2013

Deb Dunbar*, University Director Organizational Development, University Human Resource Services Indiana University (812) 855-4104 dnelson@iu.edu *certified MBTI instructor

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An Introduction to Type

Carl Jung’s Work Isabel Briggs-Myers Work Type is not learned, it is inborn MBTI is non-judgmental – intent is to eliminate options to get to the right

answer for you

Style/Type = Combination of Preference individual situational flexible adaptive/changing

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4 Dimensions of Type

Extraversion Introversion

Sensing iNtuition

Thinking Feeling

Judging Perceiving

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Interpreting Your Indicator Myers-Briggs Form M

4 Categories True Type Self-Report Type Reported Type Best-Fit Type 4 Dimensions

Introversion/Extraversion – Attitude

Sensing/iNtuition – Perceiving (an ‘irrational’ mental function) Function Pairs

Thinking/Feeling – Judging (a ‘rational’ mental function)

Judging/Perceiving – Orientation Tie go right

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Description of the 16 Types

ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ dependable exacting factual logical organized practical

realistic reliable reserved sensible steadfast thorough

accommodating detailed devoted loyal meticulous organized

patient practical protective quiet responsible traditional

compassionate conceptual creative deep determined idealistic

intense intimate loyal methodical reflective sensitive

analytical autonomous determined firm global independent

organized original private systems-oriented theoretical visionary

ISTP ISFP INFP INTP

adaptable adventurous applied expedient factual independent

logical practical realistic resourceful self-determined spontaneous

adaptable caring cooperative gentle harmonious loyal

modest observant sensitive spontaneous trusting understanding

adaptable committed curious deep devoted empathetic

gentle idealistic imaginative intimate loyal reticent

autonomous cognitive detached independent logical original

precise self-determined skeptical speculative spontaneous theoretical

ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP

activity-oriented adaptable adventurous alert easygoing energetic

outgoing persuasive pragmatic quick spontaneous versatile

adaptable casual cooperative easygoing enthusiastic friendly

outgoing playful practical sociable talkative tolerant

creative curious energetic enthusiastic expressive friendly

imaginative independent original restless spontaneous versatile

adaptive analytical challenging clever enterprising independent

original outspoken questioning resourceful strategic theoretical

ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

decisive direct efficient gregarious logical objective

organized practical responsible structured systematic task-focused

conscientious cooperative harmonious loyal personable playful

responsible responsive sociable sympathetic tactful traditional

appreciative congenial diplomatic energetic enthusiastic expressive

idealistic loyal organized personable responsible supportive

challenging controlled decisive energetic logical methodical

objective opinionated planful straightforward strategic tough-minded

source: Introduction to Type in Organizations, 3rd edition. 1998. Sandra Krebs Hirsh and Jean Kummerow.

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Extraversion & Introversion

EXTRAVERSION (E) INTROVERSION (I) project energy outward absorb self in activities focus outwardly toward actions & ideas speak freely & vocally tolerate crowds & noise easily distracted meet people easily & participate in many activities enjoy a public arena with lots going on get restless without involvement with people or activities impatient when work is slow & unchanging seek variety of action-oriented tasks focused equally on what is going on in the work site as well as the work itself respond quickly to requests & spring into action without much advance thinking enjoy phone calls as a welcome diversion develop ideas through discussion use outside resources

keep energy inward absorb self in thought

focus inwardly toward thoughts & ideas hesitate & think before speaking avoid crowds & seek quiet concentrate well proceed cautiously meeting people & participate in selected activities enjoy a private arena where one can be alone get agitated without enough time alone or undisturbed time impatient when work is interrupted & rushed seek quiet to concentrate focused more on the work itself than what is going on in the work site think through requests before responding, sometimes delaying action find phone calls intrusive, especially when concentrating develop ideas through reflection use self as basic resource

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Sensing & Intuition

SENSING (S) INTUITION (N) use direct observation & experience learn new things through value solid, recognizable attainments, achieved in a step-by-step manner focus on actual experience trust the 5 senses & personal experience to know what is be content, accepting life as it is, making changes as reality dictates appreciate & enjoy familiar ground achieve through effort & perspiration use standard ways, means, methods apply skills that are already developed like things to be concrete, known prefer work that is a practical

need the tree to get to the forest

prefer to continue with what ‘works’

use ‘intuitive flashes’ learn new things through general concepts value different or unusual attainments, achieved via inspiration focus on possibilities & inferences trust personal inspirations & hunches to reveal what might be be restless, seeing how life could be, trying to modify it appreciate & enjoy the new & different achieve through insight & inspiration use new & different ways, means, methods enjoy learning new skills, experimenting like things to be general, explored prefer work that is innovative need the forest to get to the tree prefer change, often with major readjustments

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Thinking & Feeling THINKING (T) FEELING (F) truth as the objective

decide using head interact to achieve a goal, purpose notice ineffective reasoning

choose truthfulness over tactfulness point out what needs to improve, then what is working well

focus attention on universal principles deal with people firmly, as required expect the world to run on logical principles orient self toward task like harmony, but can get along without it use logic & analysis as basis for work hurt people’s feelings without knowing it manage & deal firmly, factor in principles & truths when making work-related decisions

harmony as the objective decide using heart interact to achieve a goal, purpose or bond... all equally important notice when people need support choose tactfulness over truthfulness point out what is working well, then what needs to improve focus attention on personal motives deal with people compassionately, as needed expect the world to recognize individual differences orient self toward relationship need harmony in order to be effective include others’ opinions & personal values as basis for work pay attention to others’ feelings, always manage & relate sympathetically factor in underlying values & human needs when making work-related decisions

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Judging and Perception

JUDGING (J) PERCEPTION (P) prefer life to be decisive

work for a settled life, plans in order prefer to reach conclusions use words such as ‘should’ & ‘ought’ enjoy finishing things regiment self & be purposeful

prefer to plan the work & work the plan enjoy getting things settled & finished like checking items off a ‘to-do’ list overlook new things that need to be in order to complete the current task narrow down the possibilities & be satisfied once a decision is made decide quickly & seek closure

seek structure in scheduling prefer to regulate & control work

prefer to adapt to life, to go with the flow keep life as flexible so that nothing is missed prefer to keep things open use words such as ‘perhaps,’ & ‘could be’ enjoy starting things be tolerant & adaptable prefer to deal with needs as they arise enjoy keeping things open to modify ignore a ‘to-do’ list, even if one is made postpone current tasks to meet meet momentary needs resist being tied down to a decision in order to gather more information put off decisions to seek options resist structure, favor changing circumstances prefer to free up work

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Dimension Functions Dominant, Auxiliary, Tertiary, Inferior

Dominant Function Favorite dimension displayed through favorite attitude Edominant out I dominant in Auxiliary Function 2nd favorite function displayed through least favorite attitude

Eauxiliary in

I auxiliary out Tertiary Function simply there, doesn’t do much Inferior Function rarely if ever used… except for potential shadow side

ISTJ Sensing (dominant) - I Thinking (auxiliary) - E Feeling (tertiary) iNtuition (inferior)

ISFJ Sensing (dominant) - I Feeling (auxiliary) - E Thinking (tertiary) iNtuition (inferior)

INFJ iNtuition (dominant) - I Feeling (auxiliary) - E Thinking (tertiary) Sensing (inferior)

INTJ iNtuition (dominant) - I Thinking (auxiliary) - E Feeling (tertiary) Sensing (inferior)

ISTP Thinking (dominant) - I Sensing (auxiliary) - E iNtuition (tertiary) Feeling (inferior)

ISFP Feeling (dominant) - I Sensing (auxiliary) - E iNtuition (tertiary) Thinking (inferior)

INFP Feeling (dominant) - I iNtuition (auxiliary) - E Sensing (tertiary) Thinking (inferior)

INTP Thinking (dominant) - I iNtuition (auxiliary) - E Sensing (tertiary) Feeling (inferior)

ESTP Sensing (dominant) - E Thinking (auxiliary) - I Feeling (tertiary) iNtuition (inferior)

ESFP Sensing (dominant) - E Feeling (auxiliary) - I Thinking (tertiary) iNtuition (inferior)

ENFP iNtuition (dominant) - E Feeling (auxiliary) - I Thinking (tertiary) Sensing (inferior)

ENTP iNtuition (dominant) - E Thinking (auxiliary) - I Feeling (tertiary) Sensing (inferior)

ESTJ Thinking (dominant) - E Sensing (auxiliary) - I iNtuition (tertiary) Feeling (inferior)

ESFJ Feeling (dominant) - E Sensing (auxiliary) - I iNtuition (tertiary) Thinking (inferior)

ENFJ Feeling (dominant) - E iNtuition (auxiliary) - I Sensing (tertiary) Thinking (inferior)

ENTJ Thinking (dominant) - E iNtuition (auxiliary) - I Sensing (tertiary) Feeling (inferior)

source: Looking at Type: The Fundamentals. 1997. Charles Martin.

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Type Dynamics

Type

Dominant

Auxiliary

Tertiary*

Inferior

ESTJ Extraverted Thinking

Introverted Sensing

Intuition Introverted Feeling

ENTJ Extraverted Thinking

Introverted Intuition

Sensing Introverted Feeling

ISFP Introverted Feeling

Extraverted Sensing

Intuition Extraverted Thinking

INFP Introverted Feeling

Extraverted Intuition

Sensing Extraverted Thinking

ISTP Introverted Thinking

Extraverted Sensing

Intuition Extraverted Feeling

INTP Introverted Thinking

Extraverted Intuition

Sensing Extraverted Feeling

ESFJ Extraverted Feeling

Introverted Sensing

Intuition Introverted Thinking

ENFJ Extraverted Feeling

Introverted Intuition

Sensing Introverted Thinking

ESTP Extraverted Sensing

Introverted Thinking

Feeling Introverted Intuition

ESFP Extraverted Sensing

Introverted Feeling

Thinking Introverted Intuition

INTJ Introverted Intuition

Extraverted Thinking

Feeling Extraverted Sensing

INFJ Introverted Intuition

Extraverted Feeling

Thinking Extraverted Sensing

ISTJ Introverted Sensing

Extraverted Thinking

Feeling Extraverted Intuition

ISFJ Introverted Sensing

Extraverted Feeling

Thinking Extraverted Intuition

ENTP Extraverted Intuition

Introverted Thinking

Feeling Introverted Sensing

ENFP Extraverted Intuition

Introverted Feeling

Thinking Introverted Sensing

*Note that an attitude (Extraverted or Introverted) is not specified for the tertiary column, as that function may be associated with either attitude. source: In The Grip, 2nd edition. 2000. Naomi Quenk

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Preference Groupings: SJ, SP, NF, NT

Temperament SJ-

Guardians SP-

Artisans NF-

Idealists NT-

Rationals

Leadership Style

Traditionalist,

stabilizer, consolidator

Troubleshooter,

negotiator, firefighter

Catalyst,

spokesperson, energizer

Visionary, architect of

systems, builder

Work Style Has a sense of duty, responsibility, loyalty, and industry

Acts with cleverness and

timeliness

Persuades people about values and inspirations

Adds ingenuity and logic to ideas

and actions

To Do Best Work, They Need

Knowledge of the goal and what

they’re supposed to do to get there

Freedom to do things as they see

fit

Personal meaning and

congruence with who they are

Intriguing models to challenge their

imagination

Learning Style

Step-by-step, with preparation for

current and future utility

Active involvement to meet current

needs

Personalized and imaginative ways of self-awareness

Impersonal and analytical

process for personal mastery

Want Others To See Them As

Hardworking and reliable

Resourceful and risk taking

Authentic and inclusive

Competent and logical

Acknowledged

For Contributing

Administrative expertise, timely

output

Expeditious handling of the

out-of the-ordinary and the

unexpected

Something unique or a

special vision of possibilities

Strategic analysis of complex

issues

Want To Be Known For Their

Dependability Spontaneity that includes a spirit of

play

Ability to inspire others

Expertise

Can Get Into Trouble By Being

Too bureaucratic

Too expedient

Too idealistic

Too competitive

source: Introduction to Type in Organizations, 3rd edition. 1998. Sandra Krebs Hirsh and Jean Kummerow.

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Myers-Briggs Resource List

(The) 16 Different Personality Types: Descriptions for Self-Discovery.1999.

Linda Berens and Dario Nardi. Huntington Beach, CA: Telos Publications. Beside Ourselves: Our Hidden Personality in Everyday Life.1993. Naomi L. Quenk.

Palo Alto, CA: Davies-Black Publishing. (The) Character of Organizations: Using Jungian Type in Organizational

Development. 1992. William Bridges. Palo-Alto, CA: Davies-Black Publishing. Gifts Differing. 1980. Isabel Briggs Myers. Palo Alto, CA:

Consulting Psychologists Press. In the Grip: Understanding Type, Stress and the Inferior Function, 2nd edition.

2000. Naomi L. Quenk. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting and Psychological Press. Introduction to Type, 6th edition. 1998. Isabel Briggs Myers. Palo Alto, CA:

Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc. Introduction to Type in Organizations: Individual Interpretive Guide, 3rd edition.

1998. Sandra Krebs Hirsh & Jean M. Kummerow. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc.

Jungian Typology: Myers-Briggs & Personality. 1989. Stephen Moss.

Melbourne, Australia: Collins Dove. Jung’s Function-Attitude Explained. 1996. Henry L. Thompson. Watkinsville, GA:

Wormhole Publishing. Let a Viking Do It: Hagar & Family Illustrate the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

1988. Peter Malone. Melbourne, Australia: Collins Dove. Life Types: Understand Yourself & Make the Most of Who You Are... 1989. Sandra Hirsh & Jean Kummerow. New York, NY: Warner Books. Looking at Type: The Fundamentals. 1997. Charles Martin. Gainesville, FL: CAPT.

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MBTI Manual: A Guide to the Development & Use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, 3rd edition.1989. Isabel Briggs Myers & Mary H. McCaulley. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

People Types & Tiger Stripes: A Practical Guide to Learning Styles, 3rd edition.

2000. Gordon Lawrence. Gainsville, FL: Center for Applications of Psychological Type, Inc.

Personality Type: An Owners Manual. A Practical Guide to Understanding

Yourself and Others Through Typology. 1998. Lenore Thomson. Boston, MA: Shambhala.

Please Understand Me: Character & Temperament Types. 1978.

David Keirsey & Marilyn Bates. Del Mar, CA: Prometheus Nemesis Books. Psychological Types. 1974. Carl Jung. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Statistics & Measurement: An Introduction for MBTI Users. 2000. Ray M. Zeisset.

Gainesville, FL: Center for the Applications of Psychological Type, Inc. Survival Games Personalities Play. 1992. Eve Delunas. Carmel, CA:

Sunink Publications. Type Talk At Work: How the 16 Personality Types Determine Your Success

On the Job. 1992. Otto Kroeger. New York, NY: Delacorte Press. Understanding Your Management Style: Beyond the Myers-Briggs

Type Indicator. 1991. Robert Benfari. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator In Organizations: A Resource Book.

1985. Sandra Hirsh. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Work It Out: Clues for Solving People Problems at Work. 1996.

Sandra Krebs Hirsh. Palo-Alto, CA: Davies-Black Publishing. Work Types: Understanding Your Work Personality – How it Helps You and

Holds You Back, and What You Can Do About it.1997. Jean Kummerow, Nancy Barger, and Linda Kirby. New York, NY: Warner Books.