moly to holly
TRANSCRIPT
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A Quick Tour
of Logos
The Logical Appea
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So what exactly is logic? Who
cares?Informally, logic is about saying things that makesense. ou can think of it in that way if you like!
"It#s pretty sunny to$ay, so you shoul$ wear sunscreen!%
&ormally, logic is the art of arguing ' notlike a (ght or $ebate, but by using the
information we alrea$y know to $rawnew an$ useful conclusions!
"If it#s sunny to$ay, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!In$ee$ it is sunny to$ay!
Therefore, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!%
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")ut wait! That *ust looke$ like the exact
same thing you sai$ before, you hack!%
Well, yes! )ut that#s how an argument looks i
form+ ou can break $own any argument intothat makes it easier to think about!
If it#s sunny to$ay, you shoul$ wear sunscree
It is sunny to$ay! -------------------------------------------
Therefore, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!
.remises/gi0ens
1onclusion
2.remises always come (rst, an$ the conclusion always c
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4ow about a more complex
argument?5! This piece of fresh fruit is fu66y!
7! It also has see$s!
8! If a fruit is fu66y, it#s either a kiwi or a peach!9! .eaches ha0e a pit they $on#t ha0e see$s!
:! So the fruit can#t be a peach!
;! So the fruit must be a kiwi!
Which of the abo0e sentences is a conclusion?
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4ow about a more complex
argument?5! This piece of fresh fruit is fu66y!
7! It also has see$s!
8! If a fruit is fu66y, it#s either a kiwi or a peach!9! .eaches ha0e a pit they $on#t ha0e see$s!
:! So the fruit can#t be a peach!
;! So the fruit must be a kiwi!
<oo$ logic lets us cobble together lots of $i=erent pieces of information, an$ tell from
them what#s probably or defnitely true.
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%? That argument was goo$ 2ma$e sense3, becausethe conclusion followe$ from the premises! We#llsee what this means in a moment!
Why $on#t we look at a bad argument?
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Some people ha0e fallen o= cli=s an$ li0e$!
Therefore, if I *ump o= this cli=, I will $e(nitely be (
"1ome on!What coul$possibly gowrong?%
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Some people ha0e fallen o= cli=s an$ li0e$!
Therefore, if I *ump o= this cli=, I will $e(nitely be (
This argument is weak! Although the premise iit#s easy to think of ways 20ery painful ways3 t
conclusion coul$ be false! The easiest way tologic is to $o *ust that> try to think of another
2.hilosophers call these counterexamples3!
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!
1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
All interns can breathe (re! So .hilipcan breathe (re!
Is there a piece of the pu66le missing?
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!
1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
All interns can breathe (re! .hilip is anintern! So .hilip can breathe (re!
Sometimes you may encounter "hi$$en% statan$ i$eas, which the writer sneaks in but $oesay outright!
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!
1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
All interns can breathe (re! .hilip isan intern! So .hilip can breathe(re!
Are the premises true?If so, then the conclusion#s100% guaranteed true!@o getting aroun$ it+
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)ut what counts as "goo$
logic%?Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!
2. In$ucti0e reasoning>
I touche$ a sto0e an$ it burne$ me! I $i$ this(fty times, an$ the same thing happene$! So
thenext time I touch the sto0e, it will burn me!
Are the premises true?If so, then the conclusion#s probably true! There mightstill be exceptions!
LIB W4AT?
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4ow is this useful to me?
Like Cr! Corgan sai$, the ability to makestrong logical arguments will become more
an$ more important later on in high schoolan$ college!
.athos an$ ethos are still 0aluable+ )ut
your au$ience will be a lot better atDuestioning them! Logos is han$y because,if you use it well, it can#t really be$ispro0e$!
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4ow is this useful to me?
)ut e0en better is the superpower to spotweak logic!
@ext time you watch TE or go online 2withyour parents# permission, of course3, try tokeep track of how many $i=erent argumentsare being pitche$ to you by a$s! 4ow muchinfo is gi0en to you? 4ow much is left out?
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What time is it?
A$0enF wait, no! Acti0ity time+
.air o= into groups of four! Bach group will recei0e an eof a poor argument 2these may be either in$ucti0e or $
With your group, you will ha0e : minutes to try to comone counterexample F one way in which the argumecoul$ be wrong, e0en if the premises are $e(nitely true.oke it full of holes+
Also, choose a group representati0e to tell us your reas
2It#s G to imagine unlikely or weir$ explanations$on#t be afrai$ to think outsi$e the box!G$$ly enough, logic has 0ery little to $o with facts!3
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Some examples>
ARGU!"#$ "I pulle$ an allFnighter stu$ying for last weetest, an$ I en$e$ up with an A! Tire$ness must make me
&U"#!R$ What if you got an A because you actually stGr maybe the test was going to be easy for you all along
ARGU!"#$ "If I play with a$#s power tools, he#ll yell at
)ut a$ is yelling at me for something! So I guess I musplaye$ with the power tools!%
&U"#!R$ What if he#s yelling at you for a $i=erent reasscratching the car, or hammerFthrowing the cat onto the
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John Keats
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"To Autumn" is a poem by EnglishRomantic poet John Keats (31
October 1795 – 23 ebr!ary 121#$
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"%o &!t!mn" is the 'inal or) in agro!p o' poems )non as
Keats*s "119 o+es"$
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"%o &!t!mn" is a poem o' threestan,as- each o' ele.en lines$ /ritten
in 119- the str!ct!re is that o' ano+al hymn- ha.ing three clearly
+e'ine+ sections correspon+ing to the0lassical +i.isions o' strophe-
antistrophe- an+ epo+e
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%he imagery is richly achie.e+
thro!gh the personi'ication o' &!t!mn
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Poem
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eason o' mists an+ mello 'r!it'!lness-
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Close bosom-friend of the maturingsun;
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Conspiring with him how to load and bless
With f it th i th t d th th t h
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With fruit the vines that round the thatch-evesrun;
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%o ben+ ith apples the moss*+ cottage
trees-
A d fill ll f it ith i t th
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And fill all fruit with ripeness to thecore;
%o sell the go!r+ an+ pl!mp the ha,el
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%o sell the go!r+- an+ pl!mp the ha,elshells
/ith t ) l t t b ++i
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/ith a seet )ernel to set b!++ingmore-
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&n+ still more- later 'loers 'or the bees-
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4ntil they thin) arm +ays ill ne.er cease-
For ummer has o!er brimm!d their clamm"
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For ummer has o er-brimm d their clamm"cells#
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/ho hath not seen thee o't ami+ thy store
ometimes hoe.er see)s abroa+ may
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ometimes hoe.er see)s abroa+ may'in+
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%hee sitting careless on a granary 'loor-
%hy hair so't li'te+ by the innoing
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%hy hair so'tli'te+ by the innoingin+
Or on a hal' reap6+ '!rro so!n+
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Or on a hal'reap + '!rro so!n+asleep-
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rose+ ith the '!me o' poppies- hile thy hoo)
pares the ne8t sath an+ all its tin+
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pares the ne8t sath an+ all its tin+'loers:
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&n+ sometimes li)e a gleaner tho! +ost )eep
tea+y thy la+en hea+ across a
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tea+y thy la+en hea+ across abroo)
$r b" a c"der-press% with patient loo&%
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" " p % p %
%ho! atchest the last oo,ings- ho!rs by
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g yho!rs$
/here are the songs o' pring &y here are
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/here are the songs o' pring &y- here arethey
%hi ) t ' th th h t th i t
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%hin) not o' them- tho! hast thy m!sic too-;
/hil b + l + bl th 't + i +
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/hile barr+ clo!+s bloom the so't+ying +ay
&n+ to!ch the st!bbleplains ith rosyh!e
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h!e
%hen in a ail'!l choir the small gnats mo!rn
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Among the river-sallows% bornel ft
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aloft
r sin&ing as the light wind lives or
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g gies;
sin)ing
&n+ '!ll gron lambs lo!+ bleat 'rom hilly bo!rn
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&n+ '!llgron lambs lo!+ bleat 'rom hilly bo!rn
<e+gecric)ets sing an+ no ith treble so't
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g g
%he re+breast histles 'rom a gar+encro't
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cro't
n ga er ng sa os er n es)ies$
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E.erything =o! /ante+ to Kno
About Writing Async,
1oncurrent 4TT. Appsin Ha0a
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&gen+a
>ostly this:
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&gen+a
&n+ this:
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&gen+a
&n+ this:
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&bo!t yo!r spea)er
I * b a r uc h
g i t h u b !c o m
/ * b a r u c h link$!in/*baruch
stacko0erJow!com/users/9K7K:8
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/hat rog
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/hat rog
/h t
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/hat rog
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/hat rog
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eDuirements
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eDuirements
' parallel (le ownloa$s
' .arallel (le parts
' interrupt/pause/resume
' .rogress e0ents
' 1hecksums caching
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irst &ssociation 'or ?conc!rrent
+onloa+er@
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Ha0a net urlconnection
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Ha0a!net!urlconnection
5! Cemory wasteful 2bu=ering3
7! Cinimal A.I
8! )locking streams
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What weMre looking for
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What we re looking for
5! Async/nonFblocking
7! B0ent callbacks
What is IT going to take
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What is IT going to take
5! eactor
7! nio
/elcome to the reactor
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/elcome to the reactor
' pattern for lightweight
concurrency
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concurrency
' B0ent $ri0en
' Threa$s reuse
' Nses nonFblocking Io
Original pattern
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Original pattern
http:DD$+re$.an+erbilt$e+!Dschmi+tDFDreactor
siemens p+'
G!ess the a!thor by the +iagram
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y g
http:DDgee cs osego e+!D+lDcpBsli+e
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In Java,Reactor meansNIO
elector as a m!ltiple8er
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p
Ja.a .ersion Registering
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g g
SocketChannel channel= SocketChannel.open();
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80));
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channel.configureBlocking(false);
SelectionKey k = channel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
k.attach(handler);
Ja.a .ersion ispatcher
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p
while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
selector.select();
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4an$ling reactor e0ents iscomplex
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complex
'@ee$ to maintain state
')u=ering ' assembling
chunks
'1oor$inating async e0ents
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@io libraries
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'Cost of them are ser0ers'@etty, gri66ly, etc!
'Apache Cina'Apache 4TT. components
asyncclient'@ing http client
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'1lient an$ ser0er nio library
'B0ol0e$ from netty'Latest release Gctober 7K57
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@io libraries
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Hing6s async http client
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try 2Async4ttp1lient async4ttp1lient O new Async4ttp1lient233 P Listenable&utureesponseR future Oasync4ttp1lient!prepare<et2 "http://oss.jfrog.org/api/system/ping"3!execute2
A 1 l ti 4 $l 23 P
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new Async1ompletion4an$leresponseR23 P
G0erri$e public esponse on1omplete$2esponse response3 P System!out !println2response!getesponse)o$y233 return response
G0erri$e public void onThrowable2Throwable t3 P t!printStackTrace23 3 esponse response O future!get23
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4A1 1oncepts
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'eDuest pro$ucer'esponse consumer
try (CloseableHttpAsyncClient asyncHttpClient = HttpAsyncClients.createDefault()) {asyncHttpClient.start();Future<HttpResponse> future = asyncHttpClient.execute(
HttpAsyncMethods.createet("http://oss.jfrog.org/api/system/ping")!new AsyncByteConsumer<HttpResponse>() {
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"#$errideprotected void onResponseRecei$ed(final HttpResponse response) {
%yste&.out.println(response.'et%tatusine().'etReasonhrase());*
"#$errideprotected void onByteReceived(final Char+u,,er bu,! final -#Control ioctrl) { *
"#$errideprotected void releaseResources() { *
"#$errideprotected HttpResponse buildResult(final HttpContext context) {
return (HttpResponse) context.'etAttribute("http.response");*
*! null);HttpResponse response = future.get();
*
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0hoosing beteen ning an+ httpasyncclient
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All problems in computer
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science can be sol0e$ byanother le0el of in$irection
a0i$
Wheeler
pulic interface "ttp#rovider$ownload"andler {
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void onResponseRecei$ed(int statusCode! Map<%trin'!ist<%trin'>> headers);
oolean on+ytesRecei$ed(+yte+u,,er bu,);
void onFailed(/hro0able error);
void onCanceled();
void onCo&pleted();*
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Fer'ormance
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http:DDblogs$atlassian$comD213D7Dhttpclientper'orm
R'c2L1L: a !ni.erse o' its on
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0on'!se+
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J!st rea+ some stac)o.er'lo(an+ impro.e yo!r rep as yo! go#
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/hy hen re+irecte+ to 0Hall the ch!n)s start 'rom ,ero
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"public Http3riRe4uest 'etRedirect(HttpRe4uest re4uest! HttpResponse
response! HttpContext context)Http3riRe4uest redirectRe4uest = super.'etRedirect(re4uest!
response! context);11 copy 2Ran'e2 headers! i, existHeader56 ran'eHeaders = re4uest.'etHeaders(HttpHeaders.RA78);
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<o many sim!ltaneo!sconnections sho!l+ N
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M!estionC
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?4tility class 'or <%>A 'ormenco+ing$ %his class containsstatic metho+s 'or con.erting a
tring to the application/x-www-form-urlencoded >N>E'ormat$
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M!estionC
< + N
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<o +o Nclose a
soc)etcorrectly
<o har+ can it be to close a soc)et
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<al'close+: no ne c!stomers
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He.er bloc) in soc)et close(#
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%he other si+e e8pectsyo! to clean !p nicely
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Remember
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M!estionC
<o can N
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<o can Nrite 'ile partsconc!rrently
' Write to separate (les,combine on (nish
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' Write to same (le, seeking tothe right position
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4E ile0hannel
Nmplements %eeable+yteChannel
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Nmplements %eeable+yteChannel
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&ile locking Le0els
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EC le0el'GS le0el
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Fileoc loc ,ileChannel tr oc()
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private Fileoc loc(FileChannel ,ileChannel) throws-#8xception { Fileoc loc =,ileChannel.tryoc(on'. MAX_VALUE G ! ! false);
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EC Le0el &ile Locking
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' 1losing seDuence>
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r0l.0riteoc();
public $oid close() thro0s -#8xception {
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public int 0rite(int part-ndex! +yte+u,,er bu,) { i, (9this.write*o'ile+oc,.try+oc,()) {
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A Quick Tour
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A Quick Tourof Logos
The Logical Appea
So what exactly is logic? Whocares?
Informally, logic is about saying things that makesense. ou can think of it in that way if you like!
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"It#s pretty sunny to$ay, so you shoul$ wear sunscreen!%
&ormally, logic is the art of arguing ' not like a (ghtor $ebate, but by using the information we alrea$yknow to $raw new an$ useful conclusions!
"If it#s sunny to$ay, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!In$ee$ it is sunny to$ay! Therefore, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!%
")ut wait! That *ust looke$ like the exactsame thing you sai$ before, you hack!%
Well yes )ut that#s how an argument looks i
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Well, yes! )ut that s how an argument looks iform+ ou can break $own any argument intothat makes it easier to think about!
If it#s sunny to$ay, you shoul$ wear sunscree
It is sunny to$ay! -------------------------------------------
Therefore, you shoul$ wear sunscreen!
.remises/gi0ens
1onclusion
2.remises always come (rst, an$ the conclusion always c
4ow about a more complexargument?
5! This piece of fresh fruit is fu66y!7! It also has see$s!
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8! If a fruit is fu66y, it#s either a kiwi or a peach!
9! .eaches ha0e a pit they $on#t ha0e see$s!
:! So the fruit can#t be a peach!
;! So the fruit must be a kiwi!
Which of the abo0e sentences is a conclusion?
4ow about a more complexargument?
5! This piece of fresh fruit is fu66y!7! It also has see$s!
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8! If a fruit is fu66y, it#s either a kiwi or a peach!
9! .eaches ha0e a pit they $on#t ha0e see$s!
:! So the fruit can#t be a peach!
;! So the fruit must be a kiwi!
<oo$ logic lets us cobble together lots of $i=erent pieces of information, an$ tell from
them what#s probably or defnitely true.
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
That argument was goo$ 2ma$e sense3, becausethe conclusion followe$ from the premises! We#llsee what this means in a moment!
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see what this means in a moment!
Why $on#t we look at a bad argument?
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Some people ha0e fallen o= cli=s an$ li0e$!
Therefore if I *ump o= this cli= I will $e(nitely be (
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Therefore, if I *ump o= this cli=, I will $e(nitely be (
"1ome on!
What coul$possibly gowrong?%
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Some people ha0e fallen o= cli=s an$ li0e$!
Therefore if I *ump o= this cli= I will $e(nitely be (
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Therefore, if I *ump o= this cli=, I will $e(nitely be (
This argument is weak! Although the premise iit#s easy to think of ways 20ery painful ways3 tconclusion coul$ be false! The easiest way tologic is to $o *ust that> try to think of another
2.hilosophers call these counterexamples3!
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
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1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
All interns can breathe (re! So .hilipcan breathe (re!
Is there a piece of the pu66le missing?
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
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1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
All interns can breathe (re! .hilip is anintern! So .hilip can breathe (re!
Sometimes you may encounter "hi$$en% statan$ i$eas, which the writer sneaks in but $oe
say outright!
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!1. e$ucti0e reasoning>
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g
All interns can breathe (re! .hilip isan intern! So .hilip can breathe(re!
Are the premises true?If so, then the conclusion#s
100% guaranteed true!@o getting aroun$ it+
)ut what counts as "goo$ logic%?
Let#s look at two kin$s of arguments!2. In$ucti0e reasoning>
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I touche$ a sto0e an$ it burne$ me! I $i$this
(fty times, an$ the same thing happene$!
So thenext time I touch the sto0e, it will burn me!
Are the premises true?If so, then the conclusion#s
probably true! There mightstill be exceptions! LIB W4AT?
4ow is this useful to me?
Like Cr! Corgan sai$, the ability to makestrong logical arguments will become more
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strong logical arguments will become morean$ more important later on in high schoolan$ college!
.athos an$ ethos are still 0aluable+ )utyour au$ience will be a lot better atDuestioning them! Logos is han$y because,if you use it well, it can#t really be$ispro0e$!
4ow is this useful to me?
)ut e0en better is the superpower to spotweak logic!
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@ext time you watch TE or go online 2withyour parents# permission, of course3, try to
keep track of how many $i=erent argumentsare being pitche$ to you by a$s! 4ow muchinfo is gi0en to you? 4ow much is left out?
What time is it?
A$0enF wait, no! Acti0ity time+.air o= into groups of four! Bach group will recei0e an e
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g p g pof a poor argument 2these may be either in$ucti0e or $
With your group, you will ha0e : minutes to try to comone counterexample F one way in which the argumecoul$ be wrong, e0en if the premises are $e(nitely true.oke it full of holes+Also, choose a group representati0e to tell us your reas
2It#s G to imagine unlikely or weir$ explanations$on#t be afrai$ to think outsi$e the box!G$$ly enough, logic has 0ery little to $o with facts!3
Some examples>
ARGU!"#$ "I pulle$ an allFnighter stu$ying for last weetest, an$ I en$e$ up with an A! Tire$ness must make me
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&U"#!R$ What if you got an A because you actually stGr maybe the test was going to be easy for you all along
ARGU!"#$ "If I play with a$#s power tools, he#ll yell at)ut a$ is yelling at me for something! So I guess I musplaye$ with the power tools!%
&U"#!R$ What if he#s yelling at you for a $i=erent reasscratching the car, or hammerFthrowing the cat onto the
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John Keats
"To Autumn" is a poem by EnglishRomantic poet John Keats (31
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Romantic poet John Keats (31October 1795 – 23 ebr!ary 121#$
"%o &!t!mn" is the 'inal or) in agro!p o' poems )non as
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gro!p o' poems )non asKeats*s "119 o+es"$
"%o &!t!mn" is a poem o' threestan,as- each o' ele.en lines$ /ritten
in 119- the str!ct!re is that o' ano+al hymn- ha.ing three clearly
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o+al hymn- ha.ing three clearly+e'ine+ sections correspon+ing to the
0lassical +i.isions o' strophe-antistrophe- an+ epo+e
%he imagery is richly achie.e+th h th i'i ti ' & t
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thro!gh the personi'ication o' &!t!mn
Poem
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Poem
eason o' mists an+ mello 'r!it'!lness-
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Close bosom-friend of the maturingsun;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless
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With fruit the vines that round the thatch-evesrun;
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%o ben+ ith apples the moss*+ cottagetrees-
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And fill all fruit with ripeness to thecore;
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%o sell the go!r+- an+ pl!mp the ha,el
shells
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/ith a seet )ernel to set b!++ingmore-
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&n+ still more- later 'loers 'or the bees-
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4ntil they thin) arm +ays ill ne.er cease-
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For ummer has o!er-brimm!d their clamm"cells#
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/ho hath not seen thee o't ami+ thy store
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ometimes hoe.er see)s abroa+ may'in+
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rose+ ith the '!me o' poppies- hile thy hoo)
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pares the ne8t sath an+ all its tin+'loers:
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&n+ sometimes li)e a gleaner tho! +ost )eep
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tea+y thy la+en hea+ across a broo)
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$r b" a c"der-press% with patient loo&%
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%ho! atchest the last oo,ings- ho!rs byho!rs$
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/here are the songs o' pring &y- here arethey
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%hin) not o' them- tho! hast thy m!sic too-;
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/hile barr+ clo!+s bloom the so't+ying +ay
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&n+ to!ch the st!bbleplains ith rosy h!e
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%hen in a ail'!l choir the small gnats mo!rn
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Among the river-sallows% borne
aloft
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r sin&ing as the light wind lives ories;sin)ing
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&n+ '!llgron lambs lo!+ bleat 'rom hilly bo!rn
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%he re+breast histles 'rom a gar+en
cro't
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n ga er ng sa os er n e
s)ies$
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