Monday 8/31-Social Psych

Unit 1 Quiz today!

Unit 1 Online Quiz

1. Go to https://district158.schoolnet.com2. Log in using your username & password3. Type in the code

Social Psychology

The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Topics of study: Prejudice, Social norms/rules, Altruism, Attraction, Obedience, Role-Playing, Group

Influence, Aggression

Attitudes• Beliefs and/or feelings about objects, people, and

events that can affect how people behave in certain situations.

• Prejudice – irrational attitude, bias, preconception (positive or negative)

• Most of the time attitudes are first then behavior. The opposite can be true as well. – Development

• Conditioning – Family and authority figures• Observational learning – watching others• Cognitive evaluation – What is the evidence? Does it agree with

me?• Cognitive anchors – Persistent beliefs that do not change

A. Attribution Theory:• A theory of how we explain the behaviors of other

people• We tend to:

– Attribute behavior to the external situation– Attribute behavior to internal dispositions (their

personality)

Attribution Theory

Antecedent: information, beliefs, motivations that we already have;

forms our opinion.

Attribution: Causes we come up with to explain why

people do what they do

Consequence: What we do about the situation, our emotional response

and our expectations-what we think will happen in the future

Fundamental Attribution Error:

• Looking at someone else:– We OVER estimate the influence of personal

qualities and UNDER estimate the power of the situation

• Looking at ourselves:– We UNDER estimate ourselves and we OVER

estimate the situation

Example• Imagine you are taking a college course. You observe

that there is a student in the class that has been very quiet during the entire term. The student does not even talk during the class discussions. You conclude that the student is a very quiet and shy person. – In this example, it is possible that we may wrongly assume

that the student's quiet behavior reflects his or her personality, and we may fail to adequately consider some situational factors that could explain the student's behavior.

– For example, we may not consider that the person may find the course very boring, or the person is experiencing difficulty and does not feel like talking in class

Tuesday 1/31-Love, Beauty, & Attraction

Log in to Haiku and complete BW #6

How does ‘Like’ turn into ‘Love’?

• Love develops because of:– Physical Attraction

• upon first meeting someone, this is what we see! • As time goes by, personalities become more important.

– Familiarity• The more we see specific people, the more we like

them– However, too much closeness too fast can reduce

attractiveness!

“Birds of a feather flock together” or “Opposites attract”?

• Matching Phenomenon: – choose partners who are a good match, intellectually,

physically– **opposites actually retract

• Mere Exposure Effect: Repeated exposure increases liking – We choose friends because we live near them, sit near

them in school, work with them, etc

Intimacy

Commitment

Passion

Romantic Love

Companionate Love

Liking

infatuation Empty love

Consummate Love

1. Three Components of Love: Sternberg

Fatuous Love

Triangular Theory of Love

Beauty• Those society deems as ‘beautiful’ are seen as

happier, more sensitive, more successful, more socially skilled1. Attractiveness is NOT related to self-esteem2. Youth & fertility is always attractive

• (biologically men are attracted to women with a waist 1/3 more narrow than hips-ideal for childbirth)

3. Facial Symmetry4. Beauty is in the eye of the culture5. Beauty changes w/ time

BBC-The Face

Wednesday 2/2-Love, Beauty, Attraction

Log in to Haiku and complete BW #7

Thursday 2/2-Interpersonal Relationships

You need your textbook today!

Interpersonal Relationships1. Get into groups of 8 & complete your assigned

topic/experiment. Be sure everyone is on the right track

2. When everyone is finished – get into small groups (all 1’s, 2’s, 3’s…together)

3. You will need to TEACH your group members about your topic. DO NOT just copy off each other’s papers

4. Turn into bin

Deindividuation:

Altruism:

Role Playing:

Obedience:

Friday 2/3-Social Factors

Log in to Haiku and complete BW #9

Deindividuation

• Deindividuation—the process by which a person loses his or her sense of individuality & responsibility as the result of being in a group

• **Hazing, mobs, gangs– Ingroup vs. outgroup bias—”us” vs. “them”

• Ingroup-a group of people who share a sense of belonging, a feeling of common identity

• Outgroup-the group that people perceive as distinctively different from their ingroup

• Ex: Bandura’s Bobo Doll Experiment

Altruism

• Bystander Effect: The tendency for helping to decrease when bystanders are present

• Diffusion of Responsibility: when others are present, people feel less personal responsibility– influenced by surroundings as well

Role-Playing

• Refers to the changing of one's behavior to assume a role, either unconsciously to fill a social role, or consciously to act out an adopted role– EX: Zimbardo’s Prisoner-Guard Experiment

Obedience

• Describes the act of carrying-out commands – Ex: Milgram Experiment :Men were told to give an

electric shock to others who answered questions wrong

• no shock actually given• 65% gave severe shock• unethical study

Stanley Milgram

Social Norms

• the explicit or implicit rules specifying what behaviors are acceptable within a society or group – Ex: When one enters an elevator, it is expected

that one turns around to face the doors. An example of a social norm violation would be to enter the elevator and remain facing the rest of the people.

Conformity

• The act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to what individuals perceive is normal of their society or social group.– Ex: Solomon Asch Conformity Experiments

Personal Space

• The region surrounding a person which they regard as psychologically theirs.– Most people value their personal space and feel

discomfort, anger, or anxiety when their personal space is encroached.

Homework

• Conduct an experiment!

Monday 2/6-Review!

Tuesday 2/7-Intro/Social Test!

When you finish the test…

• Bring the Test & your answer sheet up to the front table

• Turn your study guide and your note card in to the ‘in’ bin

Wednesday 2/8Unit 1 & 2 Test

Corrections