norma iso 13385

FORM 7 (ISO) Version/V97.1.2

WARNING: This document is not an International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

ISO/TC 213

Title

Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification Secretariat

DS

Circulated to P- and O-members, and to technical committees and organizations in liaison for:

discussion at [venue/date of meeting]

comments by 2001-12-31 [date]

approval for registration as a DIS in accordance with 2.5.6 of part 1 of the ISO/IEC Directives, by

2001-12-31 [date]

(P-members vote only: ballot form attached)

P-members of the technical committee or subcommittee concerned have an obligation to vote.

Title (English)

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Dimensional measuring instruments: Callipers and depth gauges Design and metrological requirements Title (French) Spcification gometrique des produits (GPS) Instruments de mesurage dimensionnel: Pieds coulisse et jauges de profondeur Spcifications de conception et spcifications mtrologiques

Reference language version: English French Russian

Introductory note

This Committee Draft been submitted for ballot within ISO/TC 213 according to ISO/TC 213 N 429E, Resolution 460 (London 14/2000), adopted at the 11th plenary meeting in London, UK, on 27 June 2001.

COMMITTEE DRAFT

COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD 13385 Date 2001-09-28

Reference number ISO/TC 213 N 444

Supersedes document

ISO/TC 213/WG 6 N 89

Copyright notice

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ISO 2001 All rights reserved

ISO/CD 13385

ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved

Copyright notice

This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While thereproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standardsdevelopment process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extractfrom it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior writtenpermission from ISO.

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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.

Violators may be prosecuted.

ISO/CD 13385

ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii

Contents Page

Foreword.....................................................................................................................................................................ivIntroduction .................................................................................................................................................................v1 Scope...............................................................................................................................................................12 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................13 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................................................14 Design characteristics...................................................................................................................................24.1 General design and nomenclature ...............................................................................................................24.2 Dimensions.....................................................................................................................................................44.3 Types of indicating devices ..........................................................................................................................54.3.1 Analogue indicating devices ........................................................................................................................54.4 Hardness of measuring faces.......................................................................................................................85 Metrological characteristics .........................................................................................................................85.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................85.2 Effect of slider locking...................................................................................................................................85.3 Error of indication (MPE)...............................................................................................................................85.3.1 Small surface contact error (MPE 1) ............................................................................................................85.3.2 Scale shift error (MPE 2) ...............................................................................................................................85.3.3 Line contact error (MPE 3) ............................................................................................................................95.3.4 Full contact error (MPE 4) .............................................................................................................................95.4 Instrument specification sheet .....................................................................................................................96 Calibration of metrological characteristics...............................................................................................10Annex A (informative) Error tests ............................................................................................................................11A.1 Test methods................................................................................................................................................11A.2 Error of Indication ........................................................................................................................................11A.2.1 Small surface contact error ........................................................................................................................11A.2.2 Scale shift error............................................................................................................................................11A.2.3 Line contact error.........................................................................................................................................12A.2.4 Full contact error..........................................................................................................................................12Annex B (informative) Advice on application .........................................................................................................13Annex C (informative) Other Types of Callipers.....................................................................................................14Annex D (informative) Types of Measurements .....................................................................................................15Annex E (informative) Data sheet (Example) ..........................................................................................................16Annex F (informative) Relation to the GPS-matrix model .....................................................................................17F.1 Information about this International Standard and its use......................................................................17F.2 Position in the GPS matrix model ..............................................................................................................17F.3 Related International Standards.................................................................................................................17

ISO/CD 13385

iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISOmember bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adoptedby the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an InternationalStandard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject ofpatent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 13385 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product specificationand verifikation.

This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 3599:1976 and ISO 6906:1984 which have been technically revised.

ISO/CD 13385

ISO 2001 All rights reserved v

Introduction

This International Standard is a Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as aglobal GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain link5 of the chains of standards on size and distancein the general GPS matrix.

For more detailed information on the relation of this standard to other standards and the GPS matrix model seeAnnex C.

COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD 13385

ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Dimensionalmeasuring instruments: Callipers and depth gauges Design andmetrological requirements

1 Scope

This International Standard provides the most important design and metrological characteristics of callipers anddepth gauges

with vernier scale

with circular scale (dial)

with digital indication

This standard does not address micrometer style depth gauges.

2 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of thesepublications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Forundated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IECmaintain registers of currently valid International Standards.

ISO 3650:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Length standards Gauge blocks

ISO 14253-1:1999, Geometrical product specification (GPS) Inspection by measurement of Workpieces andmeasuring equipment-Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications.

ISO/TS 14253-2:1999, Geometrical product specification (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of Workpieces andmeasuring equipment-Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty of measurement in calibration of measuringequipment and product verification

ISO /DIS 14978:2001, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) General concepts and requirement for GPSmeasurement equipment

International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM). BIPM, IFCC, IEC, ISO, IUPAP, OIML,2nd edition, 1993

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14 978, VIM and thefollowing apply.

ISO/CD 13385

2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved

3.1callipermeasuring instrument which measures on the basis of the movement of a slider with a measuring jaw, movingrelatively to a measuring scale on a beam and a firm jaw

See figures 1 and 2.

NOTE 1 Calliper with an additional measuring face at the end of the beam and a depth measuring rod are called universalcalliper (see figure 1).

NOTE 2 The readout may be analogue or by a digital display. In the case of digital display instruments a transfer of data maybe possible.

NOTE 3 Callipers are suitable for external and internal measurements, universal callipers may be used to make many typesof measurement. The slider of a universal calliper may be developed to measure heights or steps (see Annex D).

NOTE 4 The calliper does not comply with the ABBE Principle (see Annex B).

3.2Depth gaugemeasuring instrument which measures on the basis of the movement of a slider, moving relatively to a measuringscale on a beam fixed to the measuring face

NOTE 1 See figure 3.The readout may be analogue or by a digital display. In the case of digital display instruments atransfer of data may be possible.

NOTE 2 Depth gauges are suitable for external and internal measurements

4 Design characteristics

4.1 General design and nomenclature

The general design and workmanship shall be such that the performance of the calliper and depth calliper complieswith the requirements of this standard under all orientation of operation unless otherwise specified by themanufacturer.

ISO/CD 13385


Key:1 Beam 6 Measuring faces for internal measurements (crossed knife edges)2 Slider 7 Depth measuring rod3 Fixed (measuring) jaw 8 Measuring faces for depth measurements4 Sliding (measuring) jaw 9 Vernier scale5 Measuring faces for external measurements 10 Main scale

Figure 1 Example for a general design of an universal calliper respectively for external, internal anddepth measurement (Slider with locking screw or with clamping device)

Key:1 Beam 6 Measuring faces for internal measurements2 Slider 7 Fine adjustment clamp3 Fixed (measuring) jaw 8 Fine adjustment nut4 Sliding (measuring) jaw 9 Fine adjustment screw5 Measuring faces for external measurements

Figure 2 Example for a general design of callipers respectively for external and internal measurementwith a fine adjustment clamp

ISO/CD 13385


Key:1 Beam 5 Locking screw2 Slider 6 Vernier3 Measuring face 7 Main scale4 Measuring base

Figure 3 Example for a general design of vernier depth gauge

4.2 Dimensions

The callipers and depth gauges shall conform with the dimensions of those elements which are given in table 1.

Table 1 Dimensions of callipers and depth gauges Dimensions in millimetres

Measuring rangeup to

Length a of jawsRecommended dimensions

Universal calliper Calliper

Width c of the faces forinternal measurement

Length d of themeasuring baseRecommended

dimensions

150 40 5 100

200 40 to 50 60 to 80 5 100

250 80 to 85 5 100

300 60 to 65 90 to 100 5 100 to 150

400 125 10 100 to 150

500 125 to 150 10 100 to 150

750 125 to 150 10

1000 125 to 150 10

1500 200 15

2000 200 15

NOTE: The measuring range given for callipers indicated in Fig. 1 and 2 refers to the measurement of externaldimensions

ISO/CD 13385


4.3 Types of indicating devices

Several types of indicating devices are possible. Analogue indicating devices with vernier scale or circular scaleand digital indicating devices with digital display. The scale interval and its unit respectively the unit of the indicationof a measuring instrument with a digital display shall be labelled.

4.3.1 Analogue indicating devices

The scale interval of the main scale on the beam of an instrument with vernier scale shall be 1 mm. The main scaleshall be longer by one vernier scale length than the measuring range of the instrument. In the case of instrumentswith circular scales, the scale interval on the beam may be greater than 1 mm.

4.3.1.1 Main scale and vernier scale

Figure 4 Scale reading with vernier scale (example)

4.3.1.2 Design of vernier scale

Table 2 Graduating methods of verniersDimensions in millimetres

Main scaleinterval

Graduating method of Vernier Vernier scaleinterval

Explanatoryfigure

1 Divide 9 mm into 10 equal parts 0,1 Figure 5

1 Divide 19 mm into 10 equal parts 0,1



1 Divide 49 mm into 50 equal parts 0,02 Figure 6

ISO/CD 13385


Figure 5 0,1 vernier scale of length 9 mm

Figure 6 0,02 vernier scale of length 49 mm

4.3.1.3 Scale surface

The height difference between the edges of the vernier scale surface and the main scale surface shall be as smallas possible, for example 0,3 mm. The main scale surface and vernier scale surface shall be nominally at the samelevel and the distance between the main scale and the vernier scale shall be as small as useful.

Figure 7 Standard slider with vernier scale

ISO/CD 13385


Figure 8 Slider with vernier scale for readings without parallax error

4.3.1.4 Main scale and circular scale

Main scale on the beam and circular scale on the slider

Figure 9 Scale reading with circular scale

4.4.2 Digital indicating devices

Figure 10 Material measure of the beam, digital indication on the slider

Instruments with a digital display may also be capable of data transfer. In this case the manufacturer shall describethe data output protocol (interface) in sufficient details.

ISO/CD 13385


4.3.1.5 Protection for field

Manufactures shall express clearly whether the fluid protection is given or not

4.4 Hardness of measuring faces

Measuring faces shall have a wear-resistant and suitable surface finish and shall not be sharp-edged.

5 Metrological characteristics

5.1 General

Instruments with a vernier scale have a fixed zero point:

Instruments with a digital display may be set to zero in any position within the measuring range, instruments with acircular scale within the range of the scale.

For calliper the metrological characteristics of this clause apply when the zero is set with the measuring facespressed to each other (zero setting), for depth gauges when the measuring faces are pressed against a referenceplane.

NOTE Requirements for straightness, flatness, and parallelism of the measuring faces are not given separately.

5.2 Effect of slider locking

If the slider is clamped (in the case the slider is equipped with a locking screw or a clamping device), the setdimension shall not change and the indication shall fulfil the following:

instruments with analogue indication: The indication shall not vary

instruments with digital indication: The indicated value may vary by one digital step.

NOTE The digital display may vary by one digital step if the sliders is in a position short before the indication will change.

5.3 Error of indication (MPE)

The requirements on the error of indication apply to any indication based on the zero setting stated in 5.1. Theserequirements apply independently of the measuring range of the instrument. The error of indication must not begreater than the maximum permissible error given by the manufacturer.

NOTE As a result, the limits of permissible error may be greater than the digital step or the vernier or the scale interval.

5.3.1 Small surface contact error (MPE 1)

Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using partial measuring surfaces at anyposition along the jaw and at any position of the measuring range. (see A.2.1)

5.3.2 Scale shift error (MPE 2)

Error in the indicated value when using other measuring faces than the measuring faces for external measurementprovided that a full contact of the measuring faces is given.

NOTE Scale shift includes e.g. error of straightness of the measuring faces for depth measuring and change of thedirection of measuring force.

ISO/CD 13385


5.3.3 Line contact error (MPE 3)

Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using two parallel straight lines on the jaw(perpendicular to the length of the jaw) at any position along the jaws. (see A.2.3)

NOTE Line contact error is important for used callipers.

The non parallelism shall not be taken into account because it is covered by clause 5.3.1

5.3.4 Full contact error (MPE 4)

Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using the complete measuring surface of thejaws. Using the complete measuring surface shall be done in addition to clause 5.3.1

5.4 Instrument specification sheet

Each type of instrument has a specification sheet which is intended to supply the following minimum information tothe user. The manufacturer shall specify the values of the maximum permissible error and shall give informationabout design requirements.

Table 3 Maximum permissible errors (MPE) of indicationa for calliper

Maximum permissible error of indicationIndicated valueMeasuring force, scale interval or digital step

MPE 1 MPE 3 MPE 4

mm m m mup to 100

above 100 up to 150

above 150 up to 200

above 200 up to 300

above 300 up to 400

above 400 up to 600

above 600 up to 800

above 800 up to 1000




MPE 2 ...... m

Vernier scale interval .....mm

Scale interval....mm

Digital step...mm

Measuring force min/max.....N

ISO/CD 13385


Table 4 Maximum permissible error (MPE) of indication for depth gauges

Maximum permissibleerror of indication

Indicated value Measuring forceScale interval or

digital step

mm m

up to 100

above 100 up to 150

above 150 up to 200

above 200 up to 300

above 300 up to 400

above 400 up to 600

above 600 up to 800





Measuring forcemin/max..........N

Vernier scaleinterval.....mm

Scale interval.....mm

Digital step....mm

6 Calibration of metrological characteristics

The methods shall evaluate the performance of the instrument within its measuring range.

The global calibration of each scale point or each digital step over the measuring range will necessitate a largenumber of readings to be taken. When it is considered that the intended use of the instrument does not warrantglobal calibration, partial calibration or task related calibration should be taken into consideration.

For the determination of the indication errors according to table 2 and table 3 a suitable number of intervals whichare dependent on the scale interval or digital step, the total measuring range and the used measuring range arenecessary. By these values calibration curves with a fixed zero can be recorded (see figure 5 in ISO 14978).

It is possible to perform a modified global calibration by using a suitable sampling technique but this will result in anincrease in the uncertainty of measurement.

ISO/CD 13385


Annex A(informative)

Error tests

A.1 Test methods

The methods should evaluate the performance of the instrument throughout its measuring range.

The methods described below do not purport to be the only valid test methods, but they are recommended to beused.

A calibration curve provides the simplest means of evaluating the performance of the instrument under test (seeISO 14978). Such a curve also provides useful certification evidence of calibration.

A.2 Error of Indication

The error of indication may be tested with suitable instruments or material measure with an appropriate uncertaintyfor example with gauge blocks according to ISO 3650, step blocks or setting ring gauges.

A.2.1 Small surface contact error

The small surface contact error may be tested by measuring a material measure with small surfaces e.g. gageblocks, at different positions along the jaws at any position of the measuring rang (see figure A.1).

NOTE Parallelism and form deviation of the measuring surface of the jaws as well as scale errors are included

Figure A.1 Test arrangement for small surface contact error

A.2.2 Scale shift error

The scale shift error may be tested by measuring a gauge block of e.g. 25mm with the measuring faces for externalmeasuring and after that with a setting ring gauge of the same size with the measuring faces for internalmeasuring.For universal calliper with crossed knife edges this test method may be performed by using a gauge block and asetting ring gauge of 4mm.

ISO/CD 13385


NOTE 1 The diameter of the setting ring gauge for testing universal callipers shall not below 4mm.

NOTE 2 The same test method may be used for testing the scale shift error between measuring faces for external measuringand the depth measuring rod.

A.2.3 Line contact error

The line contact error may be tested by measuring cylindrical material measure, e.g. cylindrical measuring pins, ofa small diameter (approximately 10 mm) at different positions along the jaws, perpendicular to the plane of jaws(see figure A.2)

NOTE The test of the line contact error is important to detect worn measuring surfaces for used callipers.

The non parallelism shall not be taken into account because it may be tested by small surface contact (see clauseA.2.1).

Figure A.2 Test arrangement for line contact error

A.2.4 Full contact error

The full contact error may be tested by measuring a material measure e.g. gauge blocks, whichcover the whole measuring surface of the jaws.NOTE Alternative the full contact error may be tested by using a coordinate measuring machines

ISO/CD 13385


Annex B(informative)

Advice on application

The calliper does not adhere to the conditions prescribed in the Abbe Principle. There is a tilt in the slider causedby the clearance fit between slider and beam as well as by the pressure of the movable measuring face against thepart to be measured. This results in angular deviations which influence the measuring value and the error ofindication. To reduce this influence, the workpiece should contact the measuring surfaces of the calliper as closeas possible to the beam. For this reason, the undercut of the jaw shall be as short as possible.

Temperature and deformation factors have length-oriented influence. As a result, the smallest possible uncertaintyof measurement is larger than the smallest fraction of a millimetre which is indicated. This has to be taken intoconsideration when evaluating the last fraction of a millimetre in a measured result.

In the case of digital indications, attention is to be paid to environmental factors, e.g. magnetic fields, electricalfields, dampness, etc. which could affect the functions of the electronic components of the instrument.

The base of depth gauges extends to both the right and left sides of the beam. In either case of using one side orboth sides of the base, set the base measuring face in close contact with the face of measuring object, pressing thebase squarely so that there will be no looseness of contact between the two during measurement.

ISO/CD 13385


Annex C(informative)

Other Types of Callipers

The figures C.1 to C.4 show different types of callipers

ISO/CD 13385


Annex D(informative)

Types of Measurements

The figure D.1 shows different types of measurements:

Figure D.1 Different types of measurements

ISO/CD 13385


Annex E(informative)

Data sheet (Example)

This data sheet is intended for the structured communication between technical experts and the purchasingdepartment of the same company.

Name of equipment ...........................................................................................

Detailed requirements: ...........................................................................................(e.g. scale type, clamping device, ...........................................................................................fine adjustment device,...) ...........................................................................................

Accessories: ...........................................................................................

Possible suppliers: ...........................................................................................

Delivery requirements: ...........................................................................................

(e.g. inspection report, calibration certificate)

The design and metrological characteristics refer to the International Standard ISO 13385

Design characteristicsLength a of measuring jaws: ..............mmLength of the measuring faces: ..............mmLength d of the measuring base: ..............mmMeasuring range: ..............mmVernier scale interval/Scale interval/Digital step ..............mm

Metrological characteristics

RepeatabilityErrors (MPE) of indication

Measuring range MPE1 MPE2 MPE3 MPE4mm m m m m

up toabove.......up to................above.......up to................Measuring force

Maximum.........NMinimum..........N

Company ................................

Department.......................... Person responsible.......................... Date ....................

ISO/CD 13385


Annex F(informative)

Relation to the GPS-matrix model

For full details about the GPS matrix model see ISO/TR 14638.

F.1 Information about this International Standard and its use

This International Standard provides the most important design and metrological characteristics of callipers anddepth gauges with vernier scale, circular scale (dial), and digital indication.

F.2 Position in the GPS matrix model

This International Standard is a Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as ageneral GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain link 5 of the chains of standards on size anddistance in the general GPS matrix as graphically illustrated on figure F.1.

Global GPS-standards

General GPS-standardsChain link number 1 2 3 4 5 6

SizeDistanceRadiusAngleForm of a line independent of datumForm of a line dependent of datum

Fundamental Form of a surface independent of datumGPS Form of a surface dependent of datum

standards OrientationLocationCircular run-outTotal run-outDatumsRoughness profileWaviness profilePrimary profileSurface imperfectionsEdges

Figure F.1

F.3 Related International Standards

The related International Standards are those of the chains of standards indicated in figure F.1.

ISO/CD 13385


Bibliography[1] ISO/TR 14638:1995 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Masterplan

[2] ISO/TR 14253-2:2000 Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieceand measuring instruments - Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration ofmeasuring instruments and in product verification

[3] Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) 1st edition 1993 issued by BIPM, IEC, IFCC,ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML ISBN 92-67-10188-9

ScopeNormative referencesTerms and definitionsDesign characteristicsGeneral design and nomenclatureDimensionsTypes of indicating devicesAnalogue indicating devicesMain scale and vernier scaleDesign of vernier scaleScale surfaceMain scale and circular scale4.4.2Digital indicating devicesProtection for field

Hardness of measuring faces

Metrological characteristicsGeneralEffect of slider lockingError of indication (MPE)Small surface contact error (MPE 1)Scale shift error (MPE 2)Line contact error (MPE 3)Full contact error (MPE 4)

Instrument specification sheet

Calibration of metrological characteristics

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