Orad’s DVG :Orad’s DVG :solutions for scalable solutions for scalable graphics clustersgraphics clusters

July 7, 2004July 7, 2004

images courtesy MPI, Barcoimages courtesy MPI, Barco

2

ORAD HI TEC SYSTEMSORAD HI TEC SYSTEMS

�� Incorporated 1993Incorporated 1993

�� Leader in Leader in 3D viz3D viz’’ for the television industry, 2for the television industry, 2 emmyemmy awards...awards...

�� Traded atTraded at Frankfurt primeFrankfurt prime--standard stock exchange, worldwidestandard stock exchange, worldwideofficesoffices. Also traded at AIM stock exchange in London. 18M$ . Also traded at AIM stock exchange in London. 18M$ revenue, 9M$ cash assets.revenue, 9M$ cash assets.

�� Long experience in use and customization of 3D realLong experience in use and customization of 3D real--timetimevisualisationvisualisation platforms ( Onyx, PCplatforms ( Onyx, PC……) Orad is a user as well as a ) Orad is a user as well as a supplier of HW.supplier of HW.

�� Partnering with Partnering with Intel ( one of OradIntel ( one of Orad’’s shareholder ) Nvidias shareholder ) Nvidia……leaders in processing and chip leaders in processing and chip designdesign

�� Successful diversification in HW design 2 years ago : now the Successful diversification in HW design 2 years ago : now the largest installed base in scalable graphics systems with DVG.largest installed base in scalable graphics systems with DVG.

3

Orad’s DVGOrad’s DVG

The world’s most powerful visualisation clustercomposed of MULTIPLE COTS rendering units tied together to produce a single output channel

Use any number of DVG nodes to address ANY level

of scene complexity

4

RationaleRationale

�� PC “high end 3d game cards” have PC “high end 3d game cards” have advanced tremendously in the past few advanced tremendously in the past few years, reached and exceeded years, reached and exceeded sgi’s sgi’s performanceperformance

�� Single chip design Single chip design �������� price/performance price/performance ratioratio

�� Current situation:Current situation:

Requirement for Requirement for photorealism photorealism and good and good image quality was unachievable by game image quality was unachievable by game cards (performance and quality) nor by cards (performance and quality) nor by sgi sgi (performance and price)(performance and price)

5

ScalableScalable architecturearchitecture

e.g. : compositing 3 cards to onechannel in HP workstation

6

TheThe DVG architectureDVG architecture

�� PC cluster solution for PC cluster solution for scalable scalable performance on multiple or performance on multiple or SINGLE displays.SINGLE displays.

M nodes drive N displays, M & N are any numbers, M>NM nodes drive N displays, M & N are any numbers, M>N

�� At the heart of the DVG At the heart of the DVG technologytechnology is the DVG board, a highly is the DVG board, a highly programmable (FPGA) PCI cardprogrammable (FPGA) PCI card..

=> achieving genlocking AND combining.=> achieving genlocking AND combining.

�� TheThe DVG board DVG board directly interactsdirectly interacts with the graphical board with the graphical board allowing allowing fully linear scalingfully linear scaling of performanceof performance

�� A A dedicated dedicated patentpatent--pending pixelpending pixel bus bus ““DVGDVG--busbus”” interconnectsinterconnectsthe DVG units so the DVG units so nono graphics , CPU or motherboard resources graphics , CPU or motherboard resources are are sacrificedsacrificed

�� DVG board occupies space of 1 to 2 PCI slots depending on DVG board occupies space of 1 to 2 PCI slots depending on version.version.

7

DVGDVG ’s «’s « UU--syncsync » , multi OS support» , multi OS support

�� UU--Sync ( patent pending ) : achieves universal Sync ( patent pending ) : achieves universal synchronisation of ANY offsynchronisation of ANY off--thethe--shelf board. ATI and shelf board. ATI and Nvidia. Boards certified today are NV35 and R350 Nvidia. Boards certified today are NV35 and R350 based.based.

�� Multi OS support : software drivers for DVG in Multi OS support : software drivers for DVG in Windows 2000, or Linux, both proven on the field.Windows 2000, or Linux, both proven on the field.

=> No dependance on any vendor, the client => No dependance on any vendor, the client system will upgrade in sync with mass system will upgrade in sync with mass market evolution. Client will decide system market evolution. Client will decide system ressources according to his own present ressources according to his own present preferencespreferences

8

The DVG supports The DVG supports severalseveral different different combiningcombining modes:modes:

-- SampleSample division (for division (for AntiAnti--Aliasing)Aliasing)

-- TimeTime divisiondivision

-- ImageImage divisiondivision

-- EyeEye division etc...division etc...Composition is done on board, no need to move pixels back into mComposition is done on board, no need to move pixels back into memory with emory with

associated overhead in performance and # of CPUs.associated overhead in performance and # of CPUs.

Various chaining modes can be mixedVarious chaining modes can be mixed

Modes can be switched with no change of wiringModes can be switched with no change of wiring

CombiningCombining configuration can be chosen according to the critical configuration can be chosen according to the critical system/datasystem/data--base resourcebase resource

Combining ( a.k.a. “chaining” )Combining ( a.k.a. “chaining” )

9

More on combining : AntiMore on combining : Anti--aliasingaliasing

�� AntiAnti--aliasing aliasing is critical for image qualityis critical for image quality

�� Both Both Nvidia and ATINvidia and ATI based based DVGs DVGs can do 2can do 2--sample antisample anti--aliasing aliasing with with no performance lossno performance loss

�� For comparison, Onyx2 can do 4For comparison, Onyx2 can do 4--sample antisample anti--aliasing, 8 or morealiasing, 8 or more

�� One DVG rendering unit can implementOne DVG rendering unit can implement 44--sample (also 6 samples in sample (also 6 samples in the case of the case of RadeonRadeon 9700 and above )9700 and above ) antianti--aliasing but with a certain aliasing but with a certain performance performance cost ( fill rate )cost ( fill rate )

�� Multiple Multiple DVG renderingDVG rendering units connected together (see below) can do units connected together (see below) can do up to 16up to 16--sample antisample anti--aliasingaliasing

10

More on combining : SampleMore on combining : Sample chaining chaining ((for Antifor Anti--aliasingaliasing))

�� The purpose of this mode is to generate higher than 2The purpose of this mode is to generate higher than 2--sample antisample anti--aliasing qualityaliasing quality

�� 44--sample antisample anti--aliasing can be performed by two units at twice the aliasing can be performed by two units at twice the speed of a single unitspeed of a single unit

�� 88--sample antisample anti--aliasing can also be performed by aliasing can also be performed by twotwo units, at lower units, at lower speedspeed

�� For higher quality and/or higher performance, three or four unitFor higher quality and/or higher performance, three or four units can s can participate in the chainparticipate in the chain

�� This mode does This mode does notnot add delayadd delay

11

More on combining : More on combining : TimeTime--divisiondivision chainingchaining

�� This mode scales performance linearly with the number of units This mode scales performance linearly with the number of units in the chain, without any limitin the chain, without any limit

�� With N units in the chain and 60Hz clock each node generates With N units in the chain and 60Hz clock each node generates 60/N images per second.60/N images per second.

�� Therefore each rendering unit has N field times to generate its Therefore each rendering unit has N field times to generate its graphicsgraphics

�� So it can render graphics N times more complex than a single So it can render graphics N times more complex than a single unit couldunit could

�� The final output of course is still a 60 images per second The final output of course is still a 60 images per second displaydisplay

�� This mode generates latency of This mode generates latency of NN--1 frame1 frame timestimes

12

TimeTime division chaining, division chaining, cont’dcont’d

�� In systems such as flight simulators, too big latency is undesirIn systems such as flight simulators, too big latency is undesired, so ed, so the lengththe length of time division chain must be limited. However, it can be of time division chain must be limited. However, it can be mixed with sample division chain, which is also increasing the mixed with sample division chain, which is also increasing the performance. performance.

�� But if time division is used to increase the frame rate, then thBut if time division is used to increase the frame rate, then the e effective latency effective latency does notdoes not increase. Example:increase. Example:

–– Model runs at 5Hz on 60Hz display. The natural latency (or Model runs at 5Hz on 60Hz display. The natural latency (or response) is 60 / 5 = response) is 60 / 5 = 1212 frames.frames.

–– If the performance is scaled up to 20Hz by using time division oIf the performance is scaled up to 20Hz by using time division of f 4 units, then the natural latency is 60 / 20 = 3 frames.4 units, then the natural latency is 60 / 20 = 3 frames.

–– We need to add 4 We need to add 4 -- 1 = 3 frames of latency introduced by the 1 = 3 frames of latency introduced by the chain. But they are 20Hz, not 60Hz frames, so we need to chain. But they are 20Hz, not 60Hz frames, so we need to multiply them by 3. Thus, combined latency is 3 * 3 + 3 = multiply them by 3. Thus, combined latency is 3 * 3 + 3 = 1212frames.frames.

13

More on combining :More on combining :ImagingImaging division chainingdivision chaining

�� Each rendering unit is Each rendering unit is ““responsibleresponsible”” for a subfor a sub--region of the region of the final output imagefinal output image

�� This mode is better suited for applications where performance This mode is better suited for applications where performance is limited by pixel fill such as high resolution formats is limited by pixel fill such as high resolution formats

�� NoNo added latencyadded latency

�� Special dynamic load balance algorithms:Special dynamic load balance algorithms:

““Quadrant divisionQuadrant division”” with a dynamic rendering time criterionwith a dynamic rendering time criterion

““Interleaved divisionInterleaved division””

�� The The ““Quadrant divisionQuadrant division”” method can also improve the method can also improve the geometry processing using geometry processing using cullingculling

14

Imaging division chaining cont’d Imaging division chaining cont’d

�� Image division effectively increases available texture memory, Image division effectively increases available texture memory, even more so as it is combined with AA chaining :even more so as it is combined with AA chaining :

–– eg : a 1600x1200 renderer at 6 samples uses 95Mb of texture eg : a 1600x1200 renderer at 6 samples uses 95Mb of texture memory for buffering, remaining only memory for buffering, remaining only 33Mb 33Mb ( assuming 128 Mb ( assuming 128 Mb total )total )

While 1024 x 768 rendering screen at 2 samples uses 15Mb of While 1024 x 768 rendering screen at 2 samples uses 15Mb of texture leaving texture leaving 133 Mb available !133 Mb available !

=> Image division and anti=> Image division and anti--aliasing chaining aliasing chaining increase available texture memory for increase available texture memory for

graphic texturesgraphic textures

15

Split image division chainingSplit image division chaining

�� Each unit renders fragment of the scene. Each unit renders fragment of the scene. Combiner Combiner creates output creates output image bigger than input components.image bigger than input components.

�� Both vertical and horizontal image division is allowed Both vertical and horizontal image division is allowed

�� Application can use view culling to gain geometry rateApplication can use view culling to gain geometry rate

�� Static loadStatic load--balanced gain on pixel fill ratebalanced gain on pixel fill rate

+ + =

16

Interleaved image division chainingInterleaved image division chaining

�� Each unit renders full scene, but in window Each unit renders full scene, but in window ““squeezedsqueezed”” horizontallyhorizontally

�� Each window has projection matrix shifted by a Each window has projection matrix shifted by a subpixelsubpixel. . Combiner Combiner interleaves pixels to produce output image with higher resolutiointerleaves pixels to produce output image with higher resolution.n.

�� No gain on geometry No gain on geometry rate but dynamicrate but dynamic loadload--balanced gain on pixel balanced gain on pixel fill ratefill rate

�� Cannot use antialiasing of Cannot use antialiasing of nVidia nVidia and and ATiATi until programmable until programmable sample locations are available.sample locations are available.

+ + =

17

DynamicDynamic image division chainingimage division chaining

�� Each unit renders fragment of the scene in Each unit renders fragment of the scene in viewportviewport smaller than full smaller than full window. The rest of window is filled with black. window. The rest of window is filled with black. Combiner Combiner adds adds images.images.

�� Application can use view culling to gain geometry rate.Application can use view culling to gain geometry rate.

�� Viewports Viewports can be resized on the fly, so application can do dynamic can be resized on the fly, so application can do dynamic load balancing for pixel fill rate.load balancing for pixel fill rate.

�� Overhead time (e.g. Overhead time (e.g. ‘‘swapbuffersswapbuffers’’) is bigger (because each unit ) is bigger (because each unit renders in full window).renders in full window).

+ =

18

More on combining : More on combining : EyeEye division chainingdivision chaining

�� For active stereo ( 96,110,120hz ), left/right eye division : liFor active stereo ( 96,110,120hz ), left/right eye division : linear near performance increaseperformance increase

�� The first chosen method in CAVE, VRs, as it is one of the most The first chosen method in CAVE, VRs, as it is one of the most efficient.efficient.

�� No added delay No added delay

19

More on combining : More on combining : Scene divisionScene division chainingchaining

�� The 3d objects in the scene are split between the different The 3d objects in the scene are split between the different rendering unitsrendering units

�� Each pixelEach pixel’’s distance to the camera (its Z value) is transmitted s distance to the camera (its Z value) is transmitted between rendering unitsbetween rendering units

�� Based on this information, the DVG boards in the chain Based on this information, the DVG boards in the chain correctly composite the final imagecorrectly composite the final image

�� Performance scales linearly with the number of rendering unitsPerformance scales linearly with the number of rendering units

�� Differently from the other methods, this method not only Differently from the other methods, this method not only increases total performance, but also effectively increases increases total performance, but also effectively increases graphics resources such as texture memory, beyond the graphics resources such as texture memory, beyond the capability of a single rendering unit.capability of a single rendering unit.

�� No added delayNo added delay

20

More on combining: More on combining: VolumeVolume rendering divisionrendering division

�� Many visualization Many visualization applications, primarily in oil & applications, primarily in oil & gas and medical imaging are gas and medical imaging are based on volume, not based on volume, not polygonial polygonial renderingrendering

�� The process can be The process can be implemented on COTS graphics implemented on COTS graphics hardwarehardware

�� Orad provides the market’s Orad provides the market’s only only clustercluster--basedbased solution for solution for volume rendering applications volume rendering applications

�� The cluster linearly increases The cluster linearly increases performanceperformance

�� no added delayno added delay

21

DVG FormatsDVG Formats

�� The DVG supports all formats up to output pixel frequencyThe DVG supports all formats up to output pixel frequency

of of 300 MHz (!!!),300 MHz (!!!), the Onyx is limited to 220 MHzthe Onyx is limited to 220 MHz

�� Supported VESA and other standards:Supported VESA and other standards:

All SDI and HD video formatsAll SDI and HD video formats

All 800x600, 1024x768, 1280x960, 1280x1024 formatsAll 800x600, 1024x768, 1280x960, 1280x1024 formats

1280x1024 120Hz (stereo)1280x1024 120Hz (stereo)

1600x1200 (601600x1200 (60--85Hz)85Hz)

1792x1344 (60,75Hz)1792x1344 (60,75Hz)

1856x1392 (60, 75Hz)1856x1392 (60, 75Hz)

1920x1440 (60, 75Hz)1920x1440 (60, 75Hz)

2048x1536 60Hz2048x1536 60Hz

22

DVG DVG upgradability upgradability -- exampleexample

�� DVG has gone through DVG has gone through many generationsmany generations of of nVidia nVidia graphics h/w graphics h/w since its inception:since its inception:

GeForce2GeForce2��������GeForce3GeForce3��������GeForce3 Ti500GeForce3 Ti500��������GeForce4 GeForce4 Ti4600Ti4600--> FX > FX 5900 5900 --> Quadro FX3000> Quadro FX3000

Graphics processor clock increased by Graphics processor clock increased by 50%,50%, memory speed by memory speed by 60%,60%, geometry processing speed more than doubled, effective geometry processing speed more than doubled, effective tex tex memory grew from 64MB to ~memory grew from 64MB to ~2GB2GB!!!!!!

Sgi Sgi has gone from Onyx 2 to Onyx3000 (irrelevant for graphics has gone from Onyx 2 to Onyx3000 (irrelevant for graphics performance) and from Infinite Reality to ir2 to ir3 and now performance) and from Infinite Reality to ir2 to ir3 and now ir4ir4

Ir2 over ir increasedIr2 over ir increased performance by ~20%, ir3 increased performance by ~20%, ir3 increased onlyonlytexture memory to 256MB, ir4 again texture memory to 256MB, ir4 again –– only texture memory to only texture memory to 1GB 1GB and fill rate. The strategy of proprietary graphics was eventualand fill rate. The strategy of proprietary graphics was eventually ly abandonned.abandonned.

=> DVG=> DVG is is “future“future proof”proof”

23

Software Software certification and portingcertification and porting

�� Easy porting of generic (Vega Prime, Easy porting of generic (Vega Prime, Performer, Amira, Opticore Opus, Performer, Amira, Opticore Opus, Virtools…)Virtools…) and customized rendering applications, authoring, assembly andand customized rendering applications, authoring, assembly and data data base manipulation base manipulation toolstools

�� 2 methods for porting : 2 methods for porting :

�� DVGlibDVGlib –– a library used for the DVG system administration providing DVG a library used for the DVG system administration providing DVG specific specific functionality like setting up chain configuration, format, as wefunctionality like setting up chain configuration, format, as well as synchronized swap ll as synchronized swap buffer.buffer.

�� DVG wraperDVG wraper –– intercepts OpenGL calls in order to configure rendering for comintercepts OpenGL calls in order to configure rendering for compositingpositing

�� Successful porting processes have already been implemented by cSuccessful porting processes have already been implemented by customers like ustomers like British Aerospace, Lockheed Martin and others (typical duration British Aerospace, Lockheed Martin and others (typical duration –– few few hours if hours if application support distributed rendering )application support distributed rendering )

�� The DVG supports both Windows and Linux based rendering codesThe DVG supports both Windows and Linux based rendering codes

�� Orad offers porting assistance services by a dedicated teamOrad offers porting assistance services by a dedicated team

��The OpenGL driver is theThe OpenGL driver is the unmodified unmodified driverdriver supplied by the graphics card maker supplied by the graphics card maker and thus provides the most upand thus provides the most up--toto--date extensions and optimizations as they are date extensions and optimizations as they are releasedreleased

24

CertifiedCertified Libraries/applicationsLibraries/applications

�� Open SGOpen SG

�� Sgi’s Sgi’s PerformerPerformer

�� VRCO’s CAVELibVRCO’s CAVELib

�� MPI’s MPI’s VegaVega PrimePrime

�� BlueBerry3DBlueBerry3D

�� Princess Princess Interactive’s SentaxInteractive’s Sentax

�� Opticore’s WebViewer Opticore’s WebViewer and Opusand Opus

�� VirtoolsVirtools

�� SDS Flight SimulatorSDS Flight Simulator

�� 3D Pipeline3D Pipeline

�� BAE’s BAE’s own simulation applicationsown simulation applications

�� Lockheed Martin’s own simulation Lockheed Martin’s own simulation applicationsapplications

�� Heinz Heinz Nixdorf Nixdorf Augmented Reality Augmented Reality applicationapplication

�� Lightning (Lightning (Fraunhofer Fraunhofer inst.)inst.)

�� Covise Covise ((VircinityVircinity))

�� Modviz renderizerModviz renderizer

�� TGS AmiraTGS Amira

�� VR COM VD2VR COM VD2

�� Thales SpacemagicThales Spacemagic

�� Comet DodamComet Dodam

�� DaimlerChrysler: dbviewDaimlerChrysler: dbview

�� ICIDO: ido (in progress)ICIDO: ido (in progress)

... among a growing list ( see web ... among a growing list ( see web site )site )

25

More DVG More DVG featuresfeatures�� nVidia shadersnVidia shaders::

Pixel lightingPixel lighting

Bump lightingBump lighting

Environmental mappingEnvironmental mapping

RefractionRefraction

�� Hardware based image post Hardware based image post –– processing:processing:

NVG / NVG / FlirFlir “look“look””

Chromakey ( for augmented reality…)Chromakey ( for augmented reality…)

�� Multiple video insertions (mapped on a polygonMultiple video insertions (mapped on a polygon))-- OptionalOptional

Instructor’s videoInstructor’s video

Cockpit Cockpit monitorsmonitors

Collaborative sessionCollaborative session

Photorealism

Simulations special effects

26

More DVG More DVG featuresfeatures

�� VISUALISATION CLUSTER MANAGEMENT (“VCM”):VISUALISATION CLUSTER MANAGEMENT (“VCM”):

Encompass all the HW and SW technlogies designed by Orad for Encompass all the HW and SW technlogies designed by Orad for visualisation cluster management :visualisation cluster management :

=> Multiple renderers can be shared by a group of users over a => Multiple renderers can be shared by a group of users over a network. Depending on the day’s use, ressources are allocated network. Depending on the day’s use, ressources are allocated across the network to each user ( eg : a 4 channel with 2 renderacross the network to each user ( eg : a 4 channel with 2 renderer er on each becomes a 2 channel with 4 renderer on each )on each becomes a 2 channel with 4 renderer on each )

=> Cluster Permanent Availability “CPA” software : any broken => Cluster Permanent Availability “CPA” software : any broken renderer in a channel can automatically be byrenderer in a channel can automatically be by--passed so that for passed so that for instance the channel has lower AA but continues working instance the channel has lower AA but continues working

VCN is managed by the DVG service software which also Handles VCN is managed by the DVG service software which also Handles the reconfiguration of combining depending on application, as the reconfiguration of combining depending on application, as well as selection of formats. Manages VCN from a logical/SW well as selection of formats. Manages VCN from a logical/SW standpointstandpoint

27

DVG Key differenciatorsDVG Key differenciators

•• BestBest price/performanceprice/performance

•• Easily and quickly upgradable with new generation boards = > “fEasily and quickly upgradable with new generation boards = > “futureproof” utureproof” “board&vendor“board&vendor--independant” : the safest investmentindependant” : the safest investment

•• inexpensive support thanks to a majority of COTS components inexpensive support thanks to a majority of COTS components

••*The most experienced supplier in COTS scalable graphics with mo*The most experienced supplier in COTS scalable graphics with more than 3 years re than 3 years of R&D...of R&D...

•• CompositingCompositing flexibility flexibility ( 8 modes and variants )according( 8 modes and variants )according to system’s critical to system’s critical resource, teamed with the most advanced cluster management ( VCNresource, teamed with the most advanced cluster management ( VCN ))

•• The highest OPENGL/DirectX compatibility ( unmodified drivers )The highest OPENGL/DirectX compatibility ( unmodified drivers )

•• Adressing special issues related to combining : accurate dataAdressing special issues related to combining : accurate data--lock, interfacelock, interface--sync, sync, ““waitwait--forfor”…”…

••The largest installed base of PC based scalable graphics systemsThe largest installed base of PC based scalable graphics systems ( 500 units ( 500 units worldwide. Incl. Bae, Northrop Grumman, Telefonica, US navy reseworldwide. Incl. Bae, Northrop Grumman, Telefonica, US navy research labs, arch labs, Peugeot... )Peugeot... )

••A crossA cross--market supplier, amortizing R&D accross many verticals so each cmarket supplier, amortizing R&D accross many verticals so each can an benefit of larger global revenues ( industry, research, militarybenefit of larger global revenues ( industry, research, military…) No vertically…) No vertically--focused software development => Does not compete with its own clfocused software development => Does not compete with its own clientsients

28

DVG applicationsDVG applications

�� CAVEs, Workbench, Flight CAVEs, Workbench, Flight simulators…simulators…

�� CivilCivil and military simulationsand military simulations

�� Mission planningMission planning

�� Urban planningUrban planning

�� Car designCar design

�� Car driving simulationCar driving simulation

�� Interactive walk throughInteractive walk through

�� Theme parksTheme parks

�� Architectural designArchitectural design

�� Scientific/Medical visualizationScientific/Medical visualization

�� Collaborative EngineeringCollaborative Engineering

�� Museums, Planetariums and Museums, Planetariums and Cultural CentersCultural Centers

�� Hazard Perception / Disaster Hazard Perception / Disaster ManagementManagement

�� Oil & Gas explorationsOil & Gas explorations

�� Homeland Homeland SecuritySecurity

�� Augmented realityAugmented reality

29

High profile customersHigh profile customers

�� British AerospaceBritish Aerospace

�� Heinz Heinz Nixdorf Nixdorf Inst.Inst.

�� PeugeotPeugeot

�� Old Dominion UniversityOld Dominion University

�� Naval Research Naval Research LabLab

�� Lockheed MartinLockheed Martin

�� Northrop Northrop GrumannGrumann

�� Laing’O RourkeLaing’O Rourke

�� Chinese AFChinese AF

30

ANNEX : miscellaneous supporting ANNEX : miscellaneous supporting examplesexamples

31

DVG applications: Augmented RealityDVG applications: Augmented Reality(Cluster at(Cluster at PaderbornPaderborn University)University)

* Courtesy * Courtesy Paderborn Paderborn UniversityUniversity

32

DVG applications: Augmented RealityDVG applications: Augmented Reality

* Courtesy * Courtesy Paderborn Paderborn UniversityUniversity

33

FormForm--factorsfactors : DVG : DVG VRVR--XX (1/2)(1/2)

Screen shots from an integrationScreen shots from an integrationin HP’s XW8000 workstation, Orad’s in HP’s XW8000 workstation, Orad’s privileged partner for workstationsprivileged partner for workstations

34

FormForm--factorsfactors : DVG10 VR (2/2): DVG10 VR (2/2)

Orad DVG10 VR backpanel. Orad’s Orad DVG10 VR backpanel. Orad’s offering for integrated rackoffering for integrated rack--mounted mounted PCs.PCs.