pahang: percubaan pmr 2008: science paper 2 (answers attached)

SULIT 55/2

Section A

Bahagian A

[40 marks]

[40 markah]

Answer all questions

Jawab semua soalan

For Examiner’

s use

1 Diagram 1.1 shows cells M and N.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sel M dan N.

(a) Name cells M and N in the space provided in Diagram 1.1

Namakan sel-sel M dan N dalam ruang yang disediakan pada Rajah 1.1

[2 marks][2 markah]

SULIT

1

1(a)

Diagram 1.1Rajah 1.1

Rajah

M: ………………………… N: ………………………

Q

R

S

sce paper 2 trial PMR PHG 2008

SMS Muzaffar Syah , Melaka

SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

(b) P is where photosynthesis takes place. Label P in Diagram 1.1

P ialah tempat di mana fotosintesis berlaku. Labelkan P dalam Rajah 1.1

[1 mark][1 markah]

(c) Draw lines to match the structures of the cell and their functions.

Draw the lines as shown below.

Padankan struktur sel dengan fungsinya dengan melukis garisan seperti

yang ditunjukkan.

[2 marks][2 markah]

SULIT

2

1(b)

1(c)

Regulates the movement of

substances in and out of the cell

Mengawal pergerakan bahan-

bahan masuk dan keluar dari sel

Protects and maintains the shape

of the cell

Melindungi dan mengekalkan

bentuk sel

Controls all activities of the cell

Mengawal segala aktiviti sel

Contains cell sap

Mengandungi sap sel

Q

R

S

StructureStruktur

FunctionFungsi



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

(d) Name one similar structure that can be found in both cells M and N.

Namakan satu struktur sama yang terdapat di kedua-dua sel M dan N.

………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

[1 markah]

SULIT

3

1(d)

Total



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

2 Diagram 2.1 shows the flow of energy in a simple food web.

Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan aliran tenaga dalam satu siratan makanan ringkas.

(a) (i) Which organism is the producer?

Organisma yang manakah ialah pengeluar?

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(ii) Why is the organism mentioned in 2(a)(i) called the producer?

Kenapa organisma yang disebut di 2(a)(i) dikenali sebagai pengeluar?

……………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark][1 markah]

SULIT

4

2(a)

Organism A

Organisma A

Organism D

Organisma D

Organism B

Organisma B

Organism C

Organisma C

Diagram 2.1

Rajah 2.1



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

(b) Diagram 2.2 shows a food web that consists of several interrelated food

chains.

Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan satu siratan makanan yang mengandungi beberapa

gabungan rantai makanan.

(i) How many food chains are there in the food web shown in Diagram 2.2?

Berapa rantai makanan yang terdapat dalam siratan makanan pada

Rajah 2.2?

……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

[1 markah]

SULIT

5

Eagle

Helang

Lizard

Cicak

Snake

Ular

Rat

Tikus

Rabbit

Arnab

Grasshopper

Belalang

Paddy

Padi

Diagram 2.2

Rajah 2.2



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

(ii) Give one example of food chain that you can find in the food web in

Diagram 2.2.

Beri satu contoh rantai makanan yang terdapat dalam siratan makanan

dalam Rajah 2.2.

…………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(c) What will happen if an extreme drought season wipes out most of the

paddy plants?

Apa akan berlaku jika satu musim kemarau menghapuskan semua

pokok padi?

……………………….. ………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(d) Predict what will happen if the population of rats is suddenly increased.

Ramalkan apa akan berlaku jika populasi tikus bertambah dengan tiba-

tiba.

……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(e) What is the source of energy for the food chain and the food web?

Apakah sumber tenaga bagi rantai dan siratan makanan ini?

…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

[1 markah]

SULIT

6

2(c)

Total

2(b)

2(e)

2 (d)



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

3 Diagram 3.1 shows an activity carried out to study how the products

of photosynthesis are transported in a plant.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan satu aktiviti yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji cara

hasil fotosintesis diangkut dalam tumbuhan.

(a) What happens to the part of the branch above the ring after two weeks?

Draw your observations in the space provided in Diagram 3.1.

Apa akan berlaku pada bahagian atas gelang selepas dua minggu?

Lukiskan pemerhatian anda di ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 3.1.

[1 mark][1 markah]

(b) Name the tissues that are removed from the branch.

Namakah tisu yang dibuang dari batang.

……..……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

SULIT

7

3(a)

3(b)

Diagram 3.1

Rajah 3.1

P Q RP Q R



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For Examiner’s

use

(c) Explain what happens in (a).

Terangkan apa yang berlaku di (a).

……………………………………………………………………………………

….……………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks][2 markah]

(d) Diagram 3.2 shows a cross-section of a stem. Mark ‘X’ on the part

mentioned in (c).

Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan satu keratan rentas batang tumbuhan.

Tandakan ‘X’ pada bahagian yang disebut di (c).

[1 mark][1 markah]

(e) What conclusion can be made from this activity?

Apakah yang dapat dirumuskan dairpada aktiviti ini?

………………………………………………………………………………….

. ………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark[1 markah]

SULIT

8

3(c)

Total

3(e)

Diagram 3.2

Rajah 3.2

3(d)



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

4 Diagram 4.1 shows the arrangement of marbles in three sections of a

container to show the states of matter.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan guli-guli dalam tiga bahagian dulang untuk

menunjukkan keadaan jirim.

(a) Based on Diagram 4, which state of matter do the marbles show in

Berdasarkan Rajah 4, apakah keadaan jirim yang digambarkan oleh guli

di bahagian

P:…………………………………………………………………………………..

Q:………………………………………………………………………………….

R:…………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks][3 markah]

SULIT

9

P Q R

Diagram 4

Rajah 4

4(a)



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For Examiner’s

use

(b) State one property for P and Q.

Nyatakan satu ciri P dan Q.

Matter

Jirim

Property

Ciri-ciriP

Q

[2 marks][2 markah]

(c) State one example of substance that has similar property as Q.

Nyatakan satu contoh bahan yang mempunyai ciri serupa dengan Q.

….. ……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(d) Suggest one way how the state of matter R can be changed to Q.

Cadangkan satu cara bagaimana rupabentuk R boleh ditukar kepada Q.

……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

5 Diagram 5.1 shows how some crude petroleum is heated to different

SULIT

10

4(c)

Total

4(d)

4(b)



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

temperatures.

Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan bagaimana minyak mentah dipanaskan pada suhu-

suhu yang berbeza.

(a) Name the process used in Diagram 5.1 to obtain the petroleum fractions

Namakah proses yang digunakan dalam Rajah 5.1 untuk memperoleh

pecahan petroleum.

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(b) Table 5.2 shows the four fractions of petroleum collected in four separate

test tubes according to different temperature.

Jadual 5.2 menunjukkan empat pecahan petroleum yang dikumpulkan

dalam tabung uji yang berasingan mengikut suhu yang berbeza.

SULIT

11

5(a)

Diagram 5.1

Rajah 5.1

Thermometer

Termometer

Delivery tubeTiub penghantar

Porcelain chips

Serpihan

porcelain

PetroleumPetroelum

Water

Air

Petroleum

fraction

Pecahan

petroleum



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

Distilled oil

Hasil penyulingan

Range of boiling point

Julat takat didih

Colour

WarnaP 30-800C Colourless

JernihQ 80-1200C Yellow

KuningR 120-1600C Orange

JinggaS 160-2000C Red

MerahTable 5.2

Jadual 5.2

(i) What is the relationship between P and S in terms of their boiling points

and the colour of the distillate?

Apakah hubungan di antara P dan S dari segi takat suhu didih dan warna

hasil penyulingan?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(ii) Using the words given below, name fractions P, Q, R and S.

. Namakan hasil penyulingan berdasarkan yang berikut.

Kerosene Diesel Petrol Lubricating oilKerosin Diesel Petrol Minyak pelincir

P: …………………………………………..Q: …………………………………………..R: ………………………………………….S: …………………………………………..

[2 marks][2 markah]

SULIT

12

5(b)(i)

5(b)(ii)



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use (c) (i) State one use of P.

Nyatakan satu kegunaan P

…………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark][1 markah]

(ii) Explain why we have to use P wisely.

Terangkan kenapa kita perlu gunakan P dengan bijaksana.

…………………………………………………………………………

………

…………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

[1 markah]

For Examiner’s

use

6 Diagram 6.1 shows the apparatus used in an experiment to study the

relationship between current and resistance.

Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan alatan yang digunakan dalam satu eksperiment untuk

mengkaji hubungan di antara arus dan rintangan.

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13

5(c)

Total



SULIT 55/2

For Examiner’s

use

.

Table 6.2 shows the result of the experiment.

Jadual 6.2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.

Length of nichrome wire (cm)

Panjang dawai nikrom (cm)

Current (Ampere)

Arus (ampere)30 0.5440 0.5250 0.5060 X70 0.46

(a) Diagram 6.3 shows the reading of X when the length of nichrome wire is 60 cm.

Rajah 6.3 menunjukkan bacaan X apabila panjang nikrom wire itu ialah 60 cm.

SULIT

14

6(a)

Diagram 6.1

Rajah 6.1

Metre rule

Pembaris meter

Nichrome wire

Dawai nikrom

Jockey

Joki Dry cell

Sel kering Ammeter

Ammeter

nikrom

6(b)6(c)



SULIT 55/2

[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(b) Based on the results in Table 6.2, what happens to the ammeter reading

when the length of nichrome wire increases?

Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 6.2, apa berlaku kepada bacaan

ammeter apabila panjang dawai nikrom bertambah?

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(c) Predict the ammeter reading if the length of nichrome wire is 80 cm.

Ramalkan bacaan ammeter jika panjang dawai nikrom ialah 80 cm.

…………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(d) What conclusion can you make from this experiment?

Apakah kesimpulan yang anda dapati daripada eksperimen ini?

………………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

SULIT

15

Diagram 6.3

Rajah 6.3

6(d)

Reading of X

Bacaan X= ……………………………………………….



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[1 markah] (e) Choose the correct symbols of the electrical components used in Diagram

6.1.

Pilih simbol komponen elektrik yang digunakan dalam Rajah 6.1.

Tick (√ ) in the box provided.

Tandakan (√ ) dalam petak yang disediakan.

[ 2 marks][2 markah]

(f) Diagram 6.4 shows the reading on the ammeter when the voltage is 0.6 V

Rajah 6.4 menunjukkan bacaan ammeter apabila bacaan voltan 0.6V

Calculate the resistance by using the information in Diagram 6.4.

Use the formula given below.

Hitungkan rintangan dengan menggunakan maklumat yang diberikan

dalam Rajah 6.4.

Gunakan rumus yang dibeikan.

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16

Diagram 6.3

Rajah 6.3

A6(e)

Diagram 6.4

Rajah 6.4



SULIT 55/2

Resistance = Voltage Ampere

Rintangan = Voltan Ampere

[2 mark][2 markah]

Section B

[20 marks]

[20 markah]

Answer all questions

SULIT

17

Total

6(f)



SULIT 55/2

Jawab semua soalan

ForExaminer’s

Use

ForExaminer’s

Use

Diagram 7 shows the arrangement of particles in four substances.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan susunan zarah-zarah dalam empat bahan

(a) Observe Diagram 1.

Based on your observation, state one property of J, K, L, and M.

Perhatikan Rajah 1.

Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda, nyatakan satu ciri bagi J, K, L, dan M

J : ……………………………………………………………………………….

K : ……………………………………………………………………………….

L : ……………………………………………………………………………….

M : ……………………………………………………………………………….

SULIT

18

7(a)

Diagram 7

Rajah 7

L M

Sulphur

Sulfur

Water

Air

J K

Oxygen

Oksigen

Sodium chloride

Natrium klorida



SULIT 55/2

[4 marks][4 markah]

b) Classify J, K, L, and M in Diagram 7 into two groups based on common

properties. Write the letters of the substances belonging to each

group.

Kelaskan J, K, L, dan M dalam Rajah 7 kepada dua kumpulan

berdasarkan ciri sepunya. Tuliskan huruf-huruf yang mewakili bahan itu

bagi setiap kumpulan.

[4 marks][4 markah]

ForExaminer’s

Use

8. (a) Diagram 8.1 shows two shirts of different colours which are being dried

under the same conditions.

Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan dua helai baju yang berlainan warna dijemur di

bawah keadaan yang sama.

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19

Total

7(b)

Diagram 8.1

Rajah 8.1

Situation A

Situasi A

Situation B

Situasi B

Black shirt

Baju hitam

White shirt

Baju putih

Oxygen, Sodium chloride, Sulphur, Water

Oksigen, Natrium klorida, Sulfur, Air

Common property

Ciri sepunya

Name of substance

Nama bahan



SULIT 55/2

ForExaminer’s

Use

(i) Based on your observations in Figure 8.1, state the difference in

the time taken for the shirts to dry in Situation A and Situation B.

Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda dalam Rajah 8.1, nyatakan perbezaan

masa yang diambil untuk mengeringkan baju dalam keadaan A dan

keadaan B.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) What inference can be made based on Situation A and Situation B

in Diagram 8.1?

Apakah inferens yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan Situasi A dan Situasi

B dalam Rajah 8.1.

SULIT

20

8(a)(i)

8(a)(ii)



SULIT 55/2

ForExaminer’s

Use

…….. ………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(iii) State one hypothesis based on your observations in Figure 8.1.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Rajah 8.1.

………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(b) A student carried out an experiment to investigate the absorption of heat

by different types of surfaces. The initial temperature of the flasks were

taken. The flasks were then heated for 5 minutes before the final

temperature of the flasks were taken.

Seorang pelajar menjalakan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat

penyerapan haba oleh jenis permukaan yang berlainan. Suhu awal

kelalang kon diambil. Kelalang-kelalang kon itu dipanaskan selama 5

minit sebelum suhu akhir diambil.

SULIT

21

Thermometer

Termometer

Diagram 8.2

Rajah 8.2

P Q

Black, dull surface

Permukaan hitam pudar

White, shiny surface

Permukaan putih

Conical flaskKelalang kon

10 cm10 cm

ThermometerTermometer

Conical flaskKelalang kon

8(a)(iii)



SULIT 55/2

ForExaminer’s

Use

(i) Diagram 8.3 shows the final reading of thermometers P and Q.

Record the readings in Table 8.4 and calculate the rise in

temperature in each flask.

Rajah 8.3 menunjukkan bacaan akhir thermometer P dan Q.

Rekodkan bacaan dalam Jadual 8.4 dan kira peningkatan suhu dalam

setiap kelalang kon.

SULIT

22

20

30

40

P

20

30

40

Q

Diagram 8.3Rajah 8.3



SULIT 55/2

ForExaminer’s

Use

P Q

Initial temperature (oC)

Suhu awal (oC)

28 28

Final temperature (oC)

Suhu akhir (oC)Rise in temperature (oC)

Kenaikan suhu (oC)Table 8.4

Jadual 8.4[2 marks]

[2markah]

(ii) Based on Table 8.4, draw a bar chart to show the rise in

temperature in P and Q.

Berdasarkan Jadual 8.4, lukiskan satu carta bar untuk menunjukkan

kenaikan suhu dalam P dan Q.

SULIT

23

8(b)(i)

2

4

6

Ris

e in

tem

pera

ture

(o C

)K

enai

kan

suhu

(o C

)

Conical FlaskKelalang kon

8



SULIT 55/2

ForExaminer’s

Use

[2 marks][2 markah]

(iii) Based on the bar chart, what can you say about the rise in

temperature in the conical flasks?

Berdasarkan carta bar, apakah yang boleh dinyatakan tentang

kenaikan suhu didalam kelalang-kelalang kon itu?

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark][1 markah]

(iv) What is the relationship between the colour of the surface and the

rate of heat absorption?

Apakah hubungan antara warna permukaan dengan kadar

SULIT

24

8(b)(ii)

8(b)(iii)

8(b)(iv)



SULIT 55/2

penyerapan haba?

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark][1 markah]

(c) State the variables involved in this experiment.

Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini.

Manipulated

variable:

Pembolehubah

yang dimanipulasi

…………………………………………………..

Responding

variable:

Pembolehubah

yang berak balas

…………………………………………………..

Fixed variable:

Pembolehubah

yang ditetapkan

…………………………………………………..

[3 marks]

[3 markah]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

SULIT

25

Total

8(c)



No. Skema Markah Jumlah1(a)

1(b)

1(c)

1(d)

M: Plant cellN : Animal cell1 mark for each correct answer

1 mark for each correctly matched pair

Nucleus//Cytoplasm// Cell Membrane 1 mark(either one)

1 mark

1 mark

1 mark

1 mark

2 marks

1 mark

2 marks

1 mark

Total 6 marks

2(a)(i) Organism B 1 mark 1 mark2(a)(ii) Because it makes its own food. 1 mark 1 mark

SKEMA JAWAPANPEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN PMR SCIENCE PMR 2008

Q

R

S

P

Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Protects and maintains the shape of the cell

Controls all activities of the cell

Contains cell sap

Q

R

S

StructureStruktur

FunctionFungsi



2(b)(i) Four// 4 1 mark 1mark2(b)(ii) • Paddy plant→Grasshopper→Lizard→Eagle

• Paddy plant→Rat→Snake→Eagle• Paddy plant→Rat→Eagle• Paddy plant→Rabbit→Eagle1 mark (either one answer)

1 mark 1 mark

2(c) The other animals in the food chain will starve and reduce in numbers

1 mark 1 mark

2(d) There will be a decrease in the paddy population// There will be an increased in snake population

1 mark 1 mark

2(e) The sun 1 mark 1 markTotal 7marks

3(a)

‘

1 mark 1 mark

3(b) Phloem tissues 1 mark 1 mark3(c) • The removal of phloem cells/tissues stop

manufactured food from moving downwards thus food accumulates in the region above the ring.

• The manufactured/synthesized food is unable to move downwards thus food substances accumulate in the regions above the ring

2 marks 2 marks

3(d) 1 mark 1 mark

X



3(e) Phloem tissues/ cells transport manufactured(synthesized) food from the leaves to the stem and roots//Phloem tissues/ cells transport manufactured(synthesized) food from the leaves to all parts of the plants

1 mark 1 mark

Total 6marks

4(a) P: SolidQ:GasR:Liquid1 mark for each correct answer

1 mark 3 marks

4(b) P:Arrangement of particles are compact and orderly // closely packed // particles vibrate in their respective positionsQ:Arrangement of particles are very loose and disorderly // particles move randomly //particles move fast // particles move freely

1 mark

1 mark

2 marks

4(c) Any suitable answers: Oxygen ; Carbon dioxide ; Nitrogen, etc

1 mark 1 mark

4(d) By heating 1 mark 1 markTotal 7marks

5(a) Fractional Distillation of Petroleum 1 mark 1 mark5(b)(i) The higher the boiling point of a fraction, the darker its

colour1 mark 1 mark

5(b)(ii) P:PetrolQ:KeroseneR:DieselS:Lubricating oil

Any two correct answers

2 marks 2 marks

5(c)(i) Fuel for motor vehicles and airplanes. 1 mark 1 mark

5(c)(ii) Because P is a non-renewable form of energy 1 mark 1 markTotal 6marks

6(a) Reading of X = 0.48 A 1 mark 1 mark6(b) The ammeter reading will decrease. 1 mark 1 mark6(c) 0.44 A 1 mark 1 mark6(d) The current flow in a circuit decreases as the resistance

increases // As the resistance in a circuit increases, the current flow in a circuit decreases.

1 mark 1 mark



6(e)

1 mark for each correct answer

1 mark 2 marks

6(f) Resistance (R) = Voltage (V)

Ampere (A

R = V I R = 0.6 V

0.2A= 3.0 Ohm // 3.0Ω

1 mark for correct substitude of numbers

1 mark for the correct answer

1 mark 2 marks

Total 8marks

7(a) J: Made up of two particles//made up of one type of particles//K:Made up of two particles//made up of two different types of particlesL:Made up of eight particles//made up of one type of particlesM:Made up of three particles//made up of two different types of particles

1 mark for each correct answer

1 mark 4 marks

√√

A



7(b)

1 mark for each box.

1 mark 4 marks

Total 8marks8(a)(i) (Shirt in) Situation A takes a shorter time to dry

compared to the (shirt in) Situation B// (Shirt in) Situation A dries faster than (shirt in) Situation B(Shirt in) Situation B takes a longer time to dry compared to (shirt in) Situation B// (Shirt in) Situation B dries slower than (shirt in) Situation A

1 mark 1 mark

8(a)(ii) Black shirt absorbs heat better/faster than white shirt//White shirt absorbs heat slower than black shirt//Absorption of heat depends on the colour of the shirt

1 mark 1 mark

8(a)(iii) Black shirt absorbs heat better than white shirt//Black surface absorbs heat better than white surface//The darker the colour, the faster the shirt dries//The darker the surface, the faster it absorbs heat

1 mark 1 mark



Ciri

Made up of more than one type of particles

Made up of one type of particles

Sodium chloride and water

Oxygen and sulphur

Nama



Ciri

Made up of two particles

Made up of more than two particles

Oxygen and sodium chloride

Sulphur and water

Nama



8(b)(i)P Q

Final temperature (OC) 35 OC 31 OCRise in temperature (OC) 7 OC 3 OC

1 mark

1 mark

2 marks

8(b)(ii) 2 marks 2 marks

8(b)(iii)

The rise in temperature in P is higher than Q//The rise in temperature in P and Q are different

1 mark 1 mark

8(b)(iv) The darker the surface, the higher the rate of heat absorption A dark/black coloured surface absorbs heat faster than a light/white coloured surface

1 mark 1 mark

8(c) Type of surfaceRise in temperature//Final reading of thermometerDistance of flask from Bunsen burner//Size of flask

1 mark1 mark1 mark

1 mark1 mark1 mark

Total 12marks

2

4

6

8

Ris

e in

tem

pera

ture

(o C

)

Conical FlaskP Q



pahang: percubaan pmr 2008: science paper 2 (answers attached)

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