THE MANGROVE GASTROPODS OF PULAU

BESAR, PULAU MERAMBONG AND TANJUNG TUAN

SINGH, H.R., NORASHIKIN, K.B., NURUL AKMAL, S.,

SHIRLIZA, A.S, & MOHD AZHAM, Y.

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UITM), SHAH ALAM

Tanjung Tuan

2nd Link

Tanjung Tuan (TT)

TT Site 1

TT Site 2

(Mangrove)

TT Site 3 (Rocky

Shore)

Tanjung Tuan Mangrove Erosion - Site 2

Pulau Besar (PB)

PB Site 2

PB Site 3

PB Site 4

Tanjung Tuan Pulau Besar Pulau Merambong

Avicennia officinalis Avicennia alba Avicennia alba

Rhizopora apiculata* Avicennia officinalis Avicennia officinalis

Rhizophora mucronata Rhizophora apiculata* Bruguiera gymnorrhiza*

Rhizophora stylosa* Rhizophora mucronata* Bruguiera parviflora

Sonneratia alba Rhizophora stylosa* Excoecaria agalloca

Sonneratia ovata Sonneratia ovata Rhizophora apiculata

Rhizophora mucronata*

Sonneratia alba*

Mangrove tree taxa sampled from Tanjung Tuan, Pulau Besar and Pulau Merambong

(* abundant taxa)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Me

an G

BH

(cm

)

Mangrove Tree Taxa

Tanjung Tuan Pulau Merambong

*

* at TT

* * *

Number of Mangrove Tree Taxa Sampled

Mangrove Tree Taxa Tanjung Tuan Pulau Merambong

A. alba 5

A. officinalis 4

B. gymnorrhyza 7 39

B. parviflora 3

R. apiculata 54 3

R. mucronata 3 41

S. alba 3 41

S. ovata 4

Past Studies & Records on Gastropods

• Van Benthem Jutting (1949, 1950, 1952)

• Purchon & Enoch (1954)

• Tweedie (1961)

• Berry (1963, 1965)

• Sasekumar (1974)

• Purchon & Purchon (1981)

• Way & Purchon (1981)

• Morris & Purchon, 1981)

• Tan & Siggurdsson (1990, 1996)

• Wong et al. (2008)

• Wong & Aziz (2011)

Family Gastropod Taxa Family Gastropod Taxa

Assimineidae Sphaerassiminea miniata Nassariidae Nassarius jacksonianus

Cerithiidae Cerithidium coralium Nassarius livescens

Clypeomorus batillariaeformis Nassarius olivaceus

Clypeomorus pellucidus Nassarius pullus

Columbellidae Columbella duclosiana Neritidae Clithon oualeniensis

Pyrene fulgurans Nerita albicilla

Ellobiidae Cassidula aurisfelis Nerita chameleon

Cassidula mustelina Nerita lineata

Ellobium aurisjudae Nerita planospira

Ellobium aurismidae Nerita polita

Laemodonta siamensis Nerita squamulata

Litorinidae Littoraria carinifera Nerita undata

Littoraria conica Neritina violacea

Littoraria melanostoma Planaxidae Planaxis sulcatus

Littoraria scabra Potamididae Cerithidea cingulata

Littoraria undulata Cerithidea obtusa

Littoraria vespacea Cerithidea quadrata

Nodilittorina vidua Telescopium mauritsi

Melonginidae Melongena pugilina Telescopium telescopium

Muricidae Chicoreus capucinus Terebralia sulcata

Drupa margariticola Trochidae Monodonta labio

Morula musiva

Thais echinulata

Thais gradata

Gastropod Taxa Tanjung Tuan Pulau Besar

Pulau

Merambong Cassidula aurisfelis X X

Cassidula mustelina X

Cerithidea cingulata X X

Cerithidea obtusa X

Cerithidea quadrata X

Cerithidium coralium X X

Chicoreus capucinus X X X

Clithon oualeniensis X X

Clypeomorus batillariaeformis X X X

Clypeomorus pellucidus X X X

Collumbella duclosiana X X X

Drupa margariticola X X X

Ellobium aurisjudae X X

Ellobium aurismidae X

Laemodonta siamensis X

Littoraria carinifera X X

Littoraria conica X

Littoraria melanostoma X X X

Littoraria scabra X X X

Littoraria undulata X X

Littoraria vespacea X X X

Melongena pugilina X

Monodonta labio X X X

Morula musiva X X

Nassarius jacksonianus X X

Nassarius livescens X

Nassarius olivaceus X X

Nassarius pullus X

Nerita albicilla X

Nerita chameleon X X X

Nerita lineata X X X

Nerita planospira X X X

Nerita polita X X X

Nerita squamulata X X X

Nerita undata X X X

Neritina violacea X

Nodilittorina vidua X

Planaxis sulcatus X X X

Pyrene fulgurans X X X

Sphaerassiminea miniata X X

Telescopium mauritsi X

Telescopium telescopium X

Terebralia sulcata X

Thais echinulata X X X

Thais gradata X X

Total Number of Taxa 40 32 21

Distribution of Gastropod Taxa from Tanjung Tuan, Pulau Besar and Pulau Merambong

12 families comprising 23

genera encompassing 45 taxa

Purchon & Purchon (1981) –

301 taxa (52 families) from east

and west coast of P. Malaysia

(various habitats)

Aziz et al. (2001) – 48 taxa (15

families) from intertidal areas of

P. Redang

Zaidi et al. (2008) – 27 taxa (12

families) from the seagrass

beds of the Merambong Shoal

0

20

40

60

80

100

Me

an S

he

ll Le

ngt

h (

mm

)

Gastropod Taxa

Mean Shell Length of Gastropod Taxa Sampled from Tanjung Tuan, Pulau Besar and Pulau Merambong

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45 M

ean

Sh

ell

Len

gth

(m

m)

Gastropod Taxa

Tanjung Tuan Pulau Besar Pulau Merambong

Gastropod taxa overlap from sampling locations and their sizes

Location

Mean Density

(no/m2) n Dominant Gastropod Taxa

Tanjung Tuan 9.6 6278 Clypeomorus batillariaeformis

Clypeomorus pellucidus

Littoraria scabra

Nerita lineata

Nerita planospira

Sphaerassiminea miniata

Pulau Besar NA NA Clypeomorus pellucidus

Littoraria scabra

Nerita chameleon

Thais echinulata

Pulau Merambong 4.3 2273 Clypeomorus batillariaeformis

Littoraria scabra

Monodonta labio

Planaxis sulcatus

Nerita squamulata

Mean density and dominant gastropod taxa sampled from Tanjung Tuan,

Pulau Besar and Pulau Merambong

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5 D

en

sity

(n

o/m

2)

Gastropod Taxa

Pulau Merambong Tanjung Tuan

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Rhizophora (Large area)

Rhizophora apiculata (Small

area)

Rhizophora stylosa (Rocky area)

Rhizophora stylosa (Island)

Sonneratia area

Gas

tro

po

d M

ean

De

nsi

ty (

no

/m2

)

Mangrove Sub Areas at Tanjung Tuan

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Rhizophora (Sandy) Sonneratia (Rocky) Rhizophora (Rocky) Bruguiera Area

Gas

tro

po

d M

ean

Den

sity

(n

o/m

2)

Mangrove Sub Areas at Pulau Merambong

Cerithedea. obtusa

Cassidula aurisfelis

Chicoreus capucinus

Clypeomorus batillariaeformis

Clypeomorus pellucidus

Drupa margariticola

Elobium aurisjudae

Littoraria carinifera

Littoraria carinifera

Sampled gastropod taxa

Littoraria melanostoma

Littoraria melanostoma Littoraria scabra

Littoraria vespacea

Littoraria vespacea Littoraria vespacea

Littoraria vespacea

Monodonta labio

Monodonta labio

Sampled gastropod taxa

Nerita chameleon

Nerita squamulata Nassarius olivaceus

Nerita planospira

Nerita lineata

Nerita lineata

Nerita lineata

Nerita polita Nerita sp.

Nerita undata Nerita undata.

Sampled gastropod taxa

Planaxis sulcatus.

Terebralia sulcata

Terebralia sulcata

Thais echinulata

Thais echinulata Thais echinulata

Sphaerassiminea miniata Sampled gastropod taxa

Importance

• Least studied among marine animals

• Ecological Importance

– Fish Diets

– Hermit crabs

– Indicator species

– Mangrove cleaners

• Taxonomy (Synonyms?), Biology, Ecology is lacking. Function?

Acknowledgements

• Jabatan Taman Laut Malaysia (JTLM) (Funding)

• University of Malaya (UM) (Coordination)

• Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam

• Graduate Students, Faculty of Applied Sciences. UiTM