Peter Tant, Pascal Dupuis, Bruno Bolsens, Jeroen Van den KeybusJohan Driesen, Ronnie Belmans

COST 529 Meeting, Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

K.U.Leuven – ESAT/ELECTADepartment of Electrical Engineering

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Overview

A flexible power source, based on a general purpose, rapid-prototyping inverter unit

A Tesla-transformer as a high-voltage test platform for cold or hot ignition of HID lamps

Main components of the HID lamp test bench:

1

2

2/21

Current or voltage controlWaveforms: sine, triangle, square, noise,…

Burst pulsesContinuous sine wave output voltage

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Power source

3/21 COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Power source

Rapid-prototyping inverter unit contains 4 independent half-bridge modules

4/21 COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Power source

Rapid-prototyping inverter unit contains 4 independent half-bridge modules

Power MOSFET devices: 400V / 16A

5/21 COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Power source

Rapid-prototyping inverter unit contains 4 independent half-bridge modules

Power MOSFET devices: 400V / 16A

Controlled by Altera FPGA and TI DSP

6/21 COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

QUESTIONS

► Power source

Rapid-prototyping inverter unit contains 4 independent half-bridge modules

Power MOSFET devices: 400V / 16A

Controlled by Altera FPGA and TI DSP

DSP communicates with host computer (Matlab Simulink real time model)

Parameters can be changed in real time

7/21 COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

8/21

QUESTIONS

► Power source ► Experimental setup

HID lamp connected through series inductor Lr

FPGA

Rsh

Rsh

Current control

Lr

INVERTER PLATFORM

HID

- Independent control of half-bridge MOSFETs- Current measurement (500 ksamples/s ADC) in each channel- DC link voltage measurement

Bidirectional communication

Hysteretic current control

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

9/21

QUESTIONS

► Power source ► Experimental setup

DSP Current reference, power control

FPGADSP

Rsh

Rsh

Current controlPower control

PC: Matlab Simulink modelReal Time Workshop

Lr

INVERTER PLATFORM

HID

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

10/21

QUESTIONS

► Power source ► Experimental setup

Isolated current and voltage measurement

FPGADSP

Rsh

Rsh

Current controlPower control

PC: Matlab Simulink modelReal Time Workshop

Lr

INVERTER PLATFORM

HIDI and V

Measurement

Feedback of lamp parameters to FPGA / DSPVisualization of lamp parameters on host PC

1

2

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

11/21

QUESTIONS

► Power source ► Experimental setup

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

12/21

QUESTIONS

► Power source ► Experimental waveforms

Sinusoidal output current and output voltage

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

13/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (pulsed mode)

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

14/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (pulsed mode) ► Spark gap

Tesla transformer 22 w primary

C1 L1 L2 C2

R1

S

VDC

Vout

1070 w secondary

Two coupled LC resonating circuits: L1C1 – L2C2

C1 initially charged through R1

S (spark gap,…) closed 2x resonance

Air core no saturation

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

15/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (pulsed mode) ► Spark gap

R1

VDC

Vout

Time

0s 400usV(C5:2)

-20KV

-10KV

0V

10KV

20KV

Time 400us0

10 kV

20 kV

0 kV

-10 kV

-20 kV

C1 L1 L2 C2

S

Non-sinusoidal waveform

2 x resonance

Burst pulse of a few ms

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

16/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (pulsed mode) ► Thyristor

Thyristor Spark gap

C1 L1 L2 C2

R1

T

VDC

Vout

Ignition controllable

Thyristor turn-off after first zero-crossing of current Only resonance in L2C2 Vout sinusoidal

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

17/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (pulsed mode) ► Thyristor

C1 L1 L2 C2

R1

T

VDC

Vout

Time

0s 400usV(C5:2)

-20KV

-10KV

0V

10KV

20KV

Time 400us0

10 kV

20 kV

0 kV

-10 kV

-20 kV

- Frequency:

- Pulse duration:

- Repetition rate:

50-100 kHz

ms range

depends on R1

- Amplitude:0-19 kV

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

18/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (continuous mode)

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

19/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (continuous mode)

Gate driver

Pulse generator

DC bus voltage

L1 L2 C2

Single resonance circuit L2C2

Circuit driven at resonance frequency

Vout

Asymmetrical full-bridge driver avoid shoot-through Amplitude: 0-15kV Frequency: kHz range

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

20/21

QUESTIONS

► Tesla transformer (continuous mode)

Gate driver

Pulse generator

DC bus voltage

L1 L2 C2

Single resonance circuit L2C2

Circuit driven at resonance frequency

Vout

Asymmetrical H-bridge driver avoid shoot-through

I and V measurement

Amplitude: 0-15kV Frequency: kHz range

COST Meeting Eindhoven

A Versatile Test Bench for HID Lamps

OVERVIEW

POWER SOURCE

TESLA PULSE

TESLA CONT.

21/21

QUESTIONS

► Questions

► Questions

COST Meeting Eindhoven

Thank you for your attention