por y para por y para you’ve probably noticed that there are two ways to express “ for ” in...
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POR y PARA
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Por y paraPor y para
You’ve probably noticed that there are two ways to express “for” in Spanish: Por Para
In this slide show, we’ll look at how these two prepositions are used.
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Some preliminariesSome preliminaries
Think of some examples that you already know: Por favor. Por el momento. ¿Hay un banco por aquí? Este regalo es para ti. Trabajo para un
restaurante chino.
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What’s the difference?What’s the difference?
There is a difference in the way that the objects of the prepositions are perceived.
Rather than give you a long theoretical explanation, I’ll give you an acronym for para: P.E.R.F.E.C.T.
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P.E.R.F.E.C.T.
Use para when talking about:Purpose: “in order to”: used together with an infinitive.Effect that something has on something else. RecipientFuture dates, deadlines, or eventsEmploymentComparisonToward a specific place
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Purpose
Purpose: “in order to”: used together with an infinitive.
Estudio para sacar buenas notas.
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Effect
Effect that something has on something else.
Las verduras son buenas para la salud .
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Recipient
Recipient: the person or entity that receives something:
Este regalo es para ti.
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Future
Future dates, deadlines, or events
Esta tarea es para mañana y el proyecto es para el lunes.
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Employment
Employment
Trabajo para un restaurante español.
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Comparison
Comparison
Para (ser) un niño de cinco años, lee y escribe muy bien.
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Toward
Toward a specific place
Voy para el parque.
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What about ‘por’?What about ‘por’?
Essentially, por is used in all instances when P.E.R.F.E.C.T. does not apply.
However, if you like to collect acronyms, here is one to use with por: A.T.T.R.A.C.T.E.D BYThis acronym covers many, but not all, of the main uses of por. There are many idiomatic expressions that use por.
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A.T.T.R.A.C.T.E.D. BYUse por when talking about:Around a placeThrough a place Transportation/CommunicationReasonAfter, as in “going to get something”CostThanksExchangeDurationBY
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Around
Around a place
¿Hay un banco por aquí?
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Through
Through a place
Paso por el parque todos los días.
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Transportation/Communication
Means of Transportation or communication.
Las cartas fueron por avión.
Hablamos por teléfono.
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Reason
Reason or motive for action (because of, on account of, on behalf of)
-¿Por qué llegaste tarde?
-Llegué tarde por el tráfico.
Lo hizo por su familia.
(She did it on behalf of her family.)
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After
After, as in “going to get something”; usually used after ir.
Voy al supermercado por pan y leche.
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Cost
Cost
Pagué 20 euros por esta chaqueta.
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Thanks
Thanks: use por after “gracias.”
Gracias por la ayuda.
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Exchange
Exchange
Quiero cambiar estos zapatos rojos por esos negros.
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Duration
Duration
He vivido aquí por más de diez años.
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BY
By: Done, written, built by someone.
Las pirámides fueron construidas por los egipcios.
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Expressions with POR
Por is also used in several idiomatic expressions, including:
Por aquí around here Por ejemplo for example Por eso that's why; therefore Por fin finally Por supuesto of course Por la mañana (tarde, noche)
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Let’s practice!Let’s practice!
¿A qué hora trabajas en el restaurante?
Trabajo ____ la tarde.
Trabajo por la tarde.
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Otro, por favor…Otro, por favor…
¿Adónde vas?
Voy al mercado.
¿___ qué?
Voy ____ fruta fresca. Quiero comprar fresas, manzanas, uvas, y peras _____ hacer una ensalada de frutas.
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Las respuestas:Las respuestas:
¿Adónde vas?
Voy al mercado.
¿Por qué?
Voy por fruta fresca. Quiero comprar fresas, manzanas, uvas, y peras para hacer una ensalada de frutas.
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Un ejercicio mUn ejercicio másás
¿Dónde trabajas?Trabajo ____ Microtel.¿Y qué haces allí?Preparo informes [reports] ____ clientes internacionales.Parece aburrido. ¿Te gusta?____ un trabajo de oficina, no está mal. Preparo dos o tres informes ____ semana.
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Las respuestas:Las respuestas:
¿Dónde trabajas?Trabajo para Microtel.¿y qué haces allí?Preparo informes [reports] para clientes internacionales.Parece aburrido. ¿Te gusta?Para un trabajo de oficina, no está mal. Preparo dos o tres informes por semana.
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Perfect Attracted by!Perfect Attracted by!
That’s all for now. Remember the acronym P.E.R.F.E.C.T. for “para.”
You can either use “por” for all other cases, or you can remember the acronym A.T.T.R.A.C.T.E.D. BY