post-translational modifications of amino acids · pdf filepost-translational modifications of...

Post-translational Modifications of Amino Acids Post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation, and others are critical regulators of protein activity and function. Understanding the role of PTMs in disease states is an ongoing effort towards the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics. For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures. © 2015 Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. Cell Signaling Technology and CST are trademarks of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. 15PSTPTMSSHOW0071ENG_00 www.cellsignal.com/ptmscan Threonine (T) Acetylation Methylation O-linked Glycosylation Palmitoylation Phosphorylation Sulfation Alanine (A) Acetylation Methylation O-linked Glycosylation Valine (V) Acetylation Hydroxylation Tryptophan (W) Hydroxylation Methylation Prenylation Ubiquitylation Tyrosine (Y) Acetylation Hydroxylation Nitration O-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Sulfation Cysteine (C) Acetylation ADP-ribosylation Methylation Nitration Oxidation Palmitoylation Prenylation S-nitrosylation Aspartic Acid (D) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Glutamic Acid (E) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Lysine (K) Acetylation Hydroxylation Methylation Myristoylation N-linked Glycosylation Neddylation O-linked Glycosylation Palmitoylation Sumoylation Ubiquitylation Methionine (M) Acetylation Formylation Methylation Oxidation Ubiquitylation Asparagine (N) Acetylation ADP-ribosylation Citrullination Hydroxylation Methylation N-linked Glycosylation Proline (P) Acetylation Hydroxylation Methylation O-linked Glycosylation Glutamine (Q) Methylation Arginine (R) Acetylation ADP-ribosylation Citrullination Hydroxylation Methylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Serine (S) Acetylation Methylation N-linked Glycosylation O-linked Glycosylation Palmitoylation Phosphorylation Prenylation Sulfation Leucine (L) Hydroxylation Methylation Phenylalanine (F) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Glycine (G) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Histidine (H) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation Isoleucine (I) Acetylation Caspase cleavage Hydroxylation N-linked Glycosylation Phosphorylation AMINO ACIDS MODIFICATION A C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T V W Y Acetylation ADP-ribosylation Caspase cleavage Citrullination Formylation Hydroxylation Methylation Myristoylation N-linked Glycosylation Neddylation Nitration O-linked Glycosylation Oxidation Palmitoylation Phosphorylation >150000 Prenylation S-nitrosylation Sulfation Sumoylation Ubiquitylation <100 100 ≤500 1000 ≤5000 10000 KEY Distribution of post-translational modifications across amino acids Abundance of post-translation modifications for each amino acid

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Page 1: Post-translational Modifications of Amino Acids · PDF filePost-translational Modifications of Amino Acids Post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, acetylation,

Post-translational Modifications of Amino AcidsPost-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation, and others are critical regulators of protein activity and function. Understanding the role of PTMs in disease states is an ongoing effort towards the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.

15PSTPTMSSHOW0071ENG_00

www.cellsignal.com/ptmscan

Threonine (T)AcetylationMethylationO-linked GlycosylationPalmitoylationPhosphorylationSulfation

Alanine (A)AcetylationMethylationO-linked Glycosylation

Valine (V)AcetylationHydroxylation

Tryptophan (W)HydroxylationMethylationPrenylationUbiquitylation

Tyrosine (Y)Acetylation HydroxylationNitrationO-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylationSulfation

Cysteine (C)Acetylation ADP-ribosylationMethylationNitrationOxidationPalmitoylation Prenylation S-nitrosylation

Aspartic Acid (D)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Glutamic Acid (E)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Lysine (K)Acetylation HydroxylationMethylationMyristoylationN-linked GlycosylationNeddylationO-linked GlycosylationPalmitoylationSumoylationUbiquitylation

Methionine (M)Acetylation FormylationMethylationOxidationUbiquitylation

Asparagine (N)Acetylation ADP-ribosylationCitrullinationHydroxylationMethylationN-linked Glycosylation

Proline (P)Acetylation HydroxylationMethylationO-linked Glycosylation

Glutamine (Q)Methylation

Arginine (R)AcetylationADP-ribosylationCitrullinationHydroxylationMethylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Serine (S)AcetylationMethylationN-linked GlycosylationO-linked GlycosylationPalmitoylationPhosphorylationPrenylationSulfation

Leucine (L)HydroxylationMethylation

Phenylalanine (F)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Glycine (G)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Histidine (H)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

Isoleucine (I)Acetylation Caspase cleavageHydroxylationN-linked GlycosylationPhosphorylation

AMINO ACIDS