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POWER GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKERSPREPARED BY-JASHOBANTI BISWALREGDN. NO-0901106119ELECTRICAL ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT

ContentsIntroduction Different mechanismsSpring coil mechanismRack pinion mechanismMERITS and demerit scope and usesCONCLUSION

introductionA large amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through friction , every time a vehicle passes over it.So electricity can be generated using the vehicle weight (potential energy) as input.So, this is a small step to try to improve this situation.

Possible using different mechanisms

spring coil mechanism

Rack- Pinion mechanism

Crank-shaft mechanism

Roller mechanism

OUT OF THE ABOVE METHODS Crank-shaft mechanism & Roller mechanism ARE NOT USED BECAUSE OF THE DEMERITS RELATED TO THESE METHODS.

SO ONLY spring coil mechanism & Rack- Pinion mechanism ARE DISCUSSED.

Spring coil mechanismWorking principleConversion of mechanical energy to pneumatic energy which is converted to electical energy

Construction of the speed breakerHere we are making the speed breaker of vibrating type, when a vehicle crosses the speed breaker, it gets pressed and then it gets back to its original position.Dimensions of speed breaker:- Height : 0.2m Width : 0.4m Length : 4m

Design of the speEd breakerThe material used in construction of speed breakers is steel.The shape of speed breaker is trapezoidal .

CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRENCH Height: 0.35m Length : 4m Width :0.45m The bottom layer of the trench is filled with concrete or with wooden plates of 0.5m. This is for cushion effect.

Design of the springThe actual height of spring is 0.3m before loading. The deflection of the spring is given by= 64 w *n*N*R^3 /(Gd^4)where-deflection (in our case maximum =0.1m)w=designed loadR= mean diameter of coild =diameter of wiren=no of spring turnsG= Modulus of rigidity = 8*10^4 N/mm2N= No. of springsThe no of turns in the spring to get the deflection of 0.1m is given byn= Gd^4/(64 w*N*R^3)

Working process

Vehicle approaching the speed breaker

CONTINUED..Maximum load on the speed breaker is when the vehicle is on the middle of the speed breaker.When the load is on the speed breaker, the volume of air compressed by it is found by, Volume of compressed air = Volume of air in base Volume of spring = (x m^3)/s

CONTINUED..When the pressure in the FRL unit exceeds the defined level the valve opens and the pressurized air is given to the nozzle.

nozzleThe diameter of the inlet of nozzle must be greater than outlet.Here the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy i.e pressurehigh velocity.This high velocity compressd air when hits the impeller ,makes it to rotate.

Impeller Consists -CasingRunner and buckets

CASING-This is provided to safeguard device against accidents.

runner

It consists of a circular disc on the periphery of which have number of buckets evenly spaced are fixed. Each bucket is divided in to 2 symmetrical parts by a dividing wall is know as splitter. When the air strikes the runner ,it rotates & continues rotation due to inertia.

alternatorAn electrical generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy in to electrical energy.The output of the alternator is used to light the street lights & is rectified & stored in batteries.Rack-pinion mechanismPRINCIPLE MECHANICAL ENERGY IS CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Constructional detailsThe various machine elements used in the construction of power hump are

RACK-PINION

SPROCKETS

GEARS FLY WHEEL

SHAFT

ELECTRIC GENERATOR

Sprocket mechanismTransfers rotary motion between two shafts

Gear mechanismThe input gear transfers power to the output gear.

FlywheelThis is used to regulate the energy and maintain the energy at an uniform level so that the shaft rotate at an uniform r.p.mConstructional details

Working procedureHere the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement.

Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.

CONTINUED..The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement.The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a gear arrangement.Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the generator

Block diagram

VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) SPEED OF VEHICLESpeed of vehicle(km\hr)Voltage generated(volts)10203040507.93 6.28 5.03 4.66 3.03VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) LOADLoad(kgs)Voltage generated(V)60(man load) 130 170 200 270 8.33 9.45 10.22 11.2311.81

meritsdemeritsLow Budget electricity productionLess floor areaNo obstruction to trafficSuitable at parking of multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc.We have to check mechanism from time to timeIt can get rusted in rainy seasonMay not work with light weight vehiclesLess quantity

Scope and UsesThis mechanism is very economical and easy to install.Two protocols of this type of speed breakers are developed in India .not practically implemented till date.Practically implemented in New Jersy,China and Indonesia. Lots of researches and investgations are going on to practically utilise this technique

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ConclusionThe existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing energy demands. These conventional sources of energy are also depleting and may be exhausted.These are some non-conventional methods of producing energy. This project is a one step to path of exploring the possibilities of energy from several non-conventional energy sources.THANK YOU