powerpoint 43-the-organization-of-living-things-1193101911304994-3
TRANSCRIPT
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The Organization of Living Things
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Key Concept As multicellular organisms develop, their cells differentiate (change & separate) and form levels of organization
Why it Matters: so Humans (we are multicellular) can have different kinds of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
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Unicellular Organisms
“uni-” = one Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms Some algae, some protists, and some
eukaryotes (yeasts), are unicellular Can still do everything they need to stay alive Benefits over multicellular organisms:
Need fewer resources Can live in harsher conditions
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Multicellular Organisms
“multi-” = more than one Plants, animals, some protists, and most fungi
are multicellular
Start as a single cell many cells cells differentiate (change) into different types of cells cells group together
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Multicellular Characteristics Larger size = have less predators and have more
options of things to eat Longer life – organism will continue to live even if
a single cell dies
Specialization – each type of cell has a specific job, making the organism more efficient
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Levels of Organization
1st Level: Cells 2nd Level: Tissues 3rd Level: Organs 4th Level: Organ Systems
Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems
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Level 1 : Cells
Cells can be specialized (have a certain function)
Function = job Function is related to the cell
structure Structure = how parts of the
cell are put together Shape Material it’s made from
Structure of a brain cell is different from muscle cell
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Level 2: Tissues
Tissue = group of cells that work together to do a specific job
Ex: Heart muscle tissue is made of heart muscle cells
Animals have 4 types of tissue: nerve, muscle, connective, protective
Plants have 3 types of tissue : transport, protective, ground
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Level 3: Organs Organ = structure that is made up of 2 or more
tissues working together to get a specific job done
Ex: Stomach – muscle tissue moves food, special tissues make chemicals to digest food, connective tissue holds stomach together, nervous tissue sends messages back and forth between the stomach and brain
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Level 4: Organ Systems Organ system = group of organs working
together to perform a specific function Each organ system has a specific job Ex: Digestive system is made of several
organs including the stomach and intestines
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Structure of Animals
Cells-basic unit of an animal’s structure
-become specialized_______________________________
Tissues-made of cells that work together to perform a specific function
__________________________________________Organs
-made of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function____________________________________________________
Organ Systems-made of organs that work together to perform a specific function
_____________________________________________________________Organisms