present perfect simple (1)

8/3/2019 Present Perfect Simple (1)

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The present perfect simple expresses an action that is stillgoing on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on thepresent. It puts emphasis on the result.

Form of Present Perfect

*

Present Perfect Simple

Positive Negative Question

I / you / we / the

yI have spoken.

I have not

spoken.Have I spoken?

he / she / it He has spoken. He has notspoken.

Has he spoken?

For irregular verbs, use the participle form (see list of irregular verbs,

3rd column). For regular verbs, just add ed.
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbshttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs


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* Use of Present Perfect

*puts emphasis on the result

Example: She has written five letters.*action that is still going on

Example: School has not startedyet.

*action that stopped recently

Example: She has cookeddinner.

*finished action that has an influence on the presentExample: I have lost my key.

*action that has taken place once, never or several timesbefore the moment of speaking

Example: I have never been to Australia.

*Signal Words of Present Perfect

already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now,

up to now


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Prepositions are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in

front of nouns (sometimes also in front of gerund verbs).

Even advanced learners of English find prepositions difficult, as

a 1:1 translation is usually not possible. One preposition in your

native language might have several translations depending on

the situation.

There are hardly any rules as to when to use which preposition.

The only way to learn prepositions is looking them up in a

dictionary, reading a lot in English (literature) and learning

useful phrases off by heart (study tips).

The following table contains rules for some of the most

frequently used prepositions in English:
http://www.ego4u.com/en/lingopadhttp://www.ego4u.com/en/read-on/literaturehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/learning/gap-fillinghttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/learning/gap-fillinghttp://www.ego4u.com/en/read-on/literaturehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/lingopad


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English Usage Example

Sincefrom a certain point of time (past till

now)since 1980

Forover a certain period of time (past till

now)for 2 years

Ago a certain time in the past 2 years ago

Before earlier than a certain point of time before 2004

To telling the time ten to six (5:50)

Past telling the time ten past six (6:10)

to / till /

until

marking the beginning and end of a

period of time

from Monday to/till

Friday

till /

until

in the sense of how long something is

going to last

He is on holiday until

Friday.

Byin the sense of at the latest

up to a certain time

I will be back by 6

oclock.

By 11 o'clock, I had

read five pages.

Prepositions

Time


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Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Fill the gaps with 'have' or 'has'.1.I _________answered the question.2.She __________opened the window.3.They __________called us.

4.You __________carried a box.5.It _________rained a lot.6.We ___________washed the car.7.He ___________closed the window.

8.Jenny ___________locked the door.9.The girls ___________visited the museum.10.John and Sophie __________helped in the

garden

03

0


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Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfectsimple).

*I (not / work) ________________today.

*We (buy) ________________ a new lamp.

*We (not / plan) ________________ our holiday yet.

*Where (be / you) ________________?*He (write) ________________ five letters.

*She (not / see) ________________ him for a long time.

*(be / you) ________________ at school?

*School (not / start) ________________ yet.

*(speak / he) ________________ to his boss?

*No, he (have / not) ________________ the time yet.

present perfect simple (1)

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