project 1intro power electric system

7/26/2019 Project 1Intro Power Electric System

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National Polytechnic School

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Introduction to Electric Power System

Members: Andres Jara

Kevin Haro

Level:Gr1Date:20/04/2016

o!ic:Electricity generation by energy sources around the world

Pro"ect # $%

he electricity around the world is an indis!ensable resource that is generated "or di""erent ty!es

energy sources li#e water$ sun light$ air$ oil and stea%& 'n this article we are going to #now about t

electricity generation around the world using di""erent ty!es o" energy sources&

%& Ecuador

(ur country has %any ty!es o" energy sources the !rinci!als are the hydroelectric and ther%

generation& )ut we have another li#e wind$ solar and bio%ass generation&

he !rinci!al hydroelectric are*

Hydroelectric +aute* he hydroelectric +aute consist in "our generation !lants* ,a-

.o!ladora$ ,olino and ardenillo& hese !lants use the water o" river +aute& owada

Ecuador uses only the energy o" ,a-ar and ,olino because .o!ladora is building anardenillo is under study& he %ai%u% !ower o" generation in ,a-ar is 10 ,3 and

,olino is 1 100 ,3&

't is e!ected that u!on co%!letion o" the construction o" 4 ,3 .o!ladora this generat

and ardenillo into o!eration with a !roduction o" 56 ,3& hus having an integ

generation co%!le with an installed ca!acity o" 2 757 ,3&

Hydroelectric Agoy8n* he hydroelectric Agoy8n consist in three generation !lants* Agoy8

.an 9rancisco and +ucar8& he !rinci!al Agoyan has the "luency o" the river +asta-a and

has an installed !ower o" 156 ,3& he other .an 9rancisco also has the "luency o" the riv+asta-a and has two generation %achines to !roduce 270 ,w o" installed !ower&

he central o" generation +ucara is a !ro:ect designed to ta#e advantage o" a la#e area$ locat

in the Eastern ordillera o" the Andes$ about 75 K%& "ro% +;llaro ungurahua +rovince&

reservoir is located inside the ational +ar#


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Hydroelectric oca odo .inclair* his is a new !ro:ect in Ecuador and consists in tw

generation !lants* oca odo .inclair with an installed !ower o" 1500,3 and =ui:os wi

an installed !ower o" 50,3& owadays only is used a !art o" oca odo .inclair because

being in construction&

he !rinci!al her%oelectric are*

Electro Guayas* his ther%oelectric has "ourth generation centrals* Gon-alo evallos >,3?$ rinitaria >1125 ,3?$ @r& Enriue Garcia >102 ,3?$ .anta Elena >170 ,3?&

er%o Es%eraldas* 's a ther%al !ower !lant stea% with a design !ower o" 172 ,3$

located in the !rovince o" Es%eraldas$ ther%oelectric !ower generated by the co%bustion

o& 6 "uel oil su!!lied by the Es%eraldas re"inery$ currently getting a %ai%u% out!ut

170,3&

er%o Gas ,achala* 't is a !ower generation through gas$ which generates 170,3 o" !ow

located in the city o" ,achala has two generators o" 65 ,3 each&

er%o +ichincha* 't is a !ower generation to has %any di""erents centrals o" generation li#

Guango!olo ' >71&2 ,3?$ Guango!olo '' >4& ,3?$ .acha >40& ,3?$ .anta Bosa>5

,3?$ entre otras&

3ind Generation*

3ind Cillonaco* his wind "ar% located in the !rovince o"


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ou can see the in"luence to have the di""erent ty!es o" energy to have Ecuador "or %eet de%and&

'n the net i%agen you can see the !rinci!al structure about national grid&

'& (a!an

Ja!an is a highly industriali-ed country$ this country generates energy nuclear$ coal$ hydraulic an

other alternatives such as bio%ass and solar& he generation in this country is divided in two regio

the Easter runs at 50 H- and the 3estern runs at 60 H-& ou are going to see about %ain resourc

o" generation in this country&


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uclear Generation*

his is one o" the %ost i%!ortant generations in this country$ that technology was a la

started and Ja!an used A%erican technology and buy raw %aterial >uraniu%?& he count

had 42 nuclear reactors with a total generation o" a!!roi%ately 77 G3& his ty!e o" energ

has %any !roble%s when natural disasters li#e earthua#es& 'n the i%agen continue you c

see the nuclear central o" generation&

atural Gas*

)ecause do%estic natural gas !roduction is %ini%al$ rising de%and is %et by grea

i%!orts& Ja!anFs %ain


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utilities on "ossil and nuclear !ower hinders the e%!loy%ent o" %ore wind !ower in t

country& However$ it has been esti%ated that Ja!an has the !otential "or 144 G3 "or onsho

wind and 60 G3 o" o""shore wind ca!acity&

3aste and bio%ass energy*

As o" .e!te%ber 2011$ Ja!an had 10 generators attached to %unici!al waste units and

inde!endent !lants usingbio%ass"uel to !roduce energy& 'n addition$ 14 other generato

were used to burn both coal and bio%ass "uel& 'n 200$ Ja!an !roduced 722 %illion tons

bio%ass "uel and converted 6 o" it into energy&

(cean energy*

'n 2012$ the govern%ent announced !lans to build e!eri%ental tidal !owerand wa

!ower!lants in coastal areas& onstruction on the !ro:ects$ the locations "or which have n

been deter%ined$ would begin in 2017&

Ja!an uses other sources o" energy about 20 li#e solar$ wind and bio%asa& 'n the net i%agen y

can see a resu%e about the :a!an grid*
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomasshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomasshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_power


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)& *ussia

Energy !lays a central role in the Bussian econo%y because it drives all the other ele%ents o" t

syste%IIthe industrial$ agricultural$ co%%ercial$ and govern%ent sectors& 'n addition$ energ

!articularly !etroleu% and natural gas$ is the %ost i%!ortant e!ort and source o" "oreign echan

"or the Bussian econo%y& E!erts "orecast that the energy sector will continue to occu!y this centr

!osition until Bussian %anu"acturing reaches a level co%!etitive with the 3est&

Bussia has %any ty!es o" generation li#e*

Hydro!ower

he hydro !ower generation in Bussia is one o" the %ost i%!ortant in the world& Bussia has

!roduction o" 15 3h and re!resents 5& o" world hydroelectric generation&

uclear energy

he nuclear energy su!!ly in Bussia a%ounted to 14 3h$ which is 15& o" total Bussia

electricity and 5&4 o" global nuclear !roduction o" electricity& he total ca!acity o" nucle

reactors is 21 244 ,3& here are !lans to increase the nu%ber o" co%%ercial reactors "ro% to 5&

Geother%al energy

't is the %ost develo!ed renewable energy source in Bussia& Geother%al resources have be

identi"ied in the orthern aucasus$ 3estern .iberia$


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+rinci!al !eat de!osits are located in the orthI3estern !arts o" Bussia$ in 3est .iberia and

several other eastern regions& Although !eat was used as industrial "uel "or !ower generation

Bussia "or a long !eriod$ its share has been in longIter% decline$ and since 10 has a%ount

to less than 1

.olar Energy

he regions with the best solar radiation are the orth aucasus$ the blac# sea and the as!i

.ea& his ty!e o" energy in Bussia generates around 1&5 ,3&

3ind energy

Bussia has wind resources on the +aci"ic and Artic coasts& here are about 100 ,3 o" wi

!ro:ects in Kal%y#iaand in Krasnodar Krai&

'n the net !icture you can see about the !rinci!al sources o" energy "or generation in Bussia&

'n this !icture you can see about the centrals o" generation to has Bussia&
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmykiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krasnodar_Kraihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmykiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai


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+& Panam,

he total energy consu%!tion o" the Be!ublic o" +ana%a in a year is about $01016 J$ re!resenti

0&02 o" total energy consu%!tion in the world& +ana%a currently has an installed ca!acity

electric !ower net 1 700 ,3$ but every year the econo%ic develo!%ent o" +ana%a reuires abo

40 ,3 o" new generation& A%ong the sources o" this energy generation we are*

Hydrocarbons*

(ne o" the %ain "eatures o" the energy %atri o" +ana%a is its high de!endence

hydrocarbons& he s!eci"ic weight o" these in the energy consu%!tion increases signi"ican

when ta#ing into account that "uel used in ther%al generation are !ri%arily bun#er$ dies

and %arine diesel&

Hydro!ower*

Hydroelectric 9ortuna$ o!ened in 14$ it has an installed ca!acity o" 700 ,3& .he alo

generates about 27 o" all electrical energy used by the country& 'n +ana%a there are eig

hydroelectric installed with greater than 40 ,3$ su!!lying 51 o" the countryFs tot

generation o" electricity&

.olar Energy*


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@ue to the !roi%ity o" +ana%a with res!ect to Ecuador$ +ana%a has good solar energ

resource availability& he energy !er unit area that receives +ana%a "or one day is about 4

#3&h / %2&

3ind Energy*

+ana%a has great !otential "or wind generation in !laces li#e erro ute$ )ouete$ Hornito

Honey$ oiba$ o"" the coast o"


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.olar ther%al installations trans"or% the sunFs energy into heat by vacuu% tube collectors& A

%entioned above$ on every suare %eter o" soil a""ect uban 5 #3h !er day&

.ugarcane and "orestry bio%ass*

he sugarcane bio%ass is used as an energy source "or hundreds o" years$ to !roduce hea

and then electricity& 3hen both !rocesses are co%bined it is #nown as cogeneration&

develo!ed countries$ the e""iciency o" cogeneration technology is %ore than 100 #3h !er to" !rocessed sugarcane& 3ith 1 750 %illion %ay be obtained !otentially 175$02 G3h !

year&

)io"uels*

Ethanol in uba has traditionally !roduced cane sugar& 't is a "uel "or blends with gasoli

>anhydrous ethanol?$ or "or direct use in s!ecial engines >hydrated ethanol?& 't acts as

oygen and anti#noc#&

Hydro!ower*

1 hydroelectric s%all hydroelectric !lants$ 75 %iniIhydro and %icroIhydro 17* urrent

10 hydroelectric "acilities o!erate& he total installed ca!acity o" 62&22 ,3 is$ with

!roduction o" electricity 14&5 %illion #3h / year&

/& Puerto *icoBenewables*


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he "orce o" water that "alls to be released by a da% to o!erate the electric generator is use

oday$ it is used in +uerto Bico in less than 1 &

he solarI energy syste%s !hotovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly into electricity& Giv

its geogra!hical !osition$ +uerto Bico is an ideal way to generate energy this !lace&

+uerto Bico windI energy has great !otential to harness this energy because it is in the !a

o" the trade winds$ considered the %ost consistent in the world&

he bio%ass is organic %atter such as !lants$ wood and ani%al waste$ which can be used

an energy source& 'n +uerto Bico there are so%e !rivate industries that use this ty!e

energy&

0& 1ene2uela

Electrical energy is obtained through !ower !lants$ which use water !ower $ wind$ "ossil "uels >ga

coal and oil ? and nuclear & he %ain source o" electricity generation in Cene-uela is thydroelectric !ower where water is used as the !ri%ary %eans to generate electricity&

y!es o" !ower !lants*

Hydroelectric !ower* uses the energy obtained in the water"alls >hydro!ower?&

+ower +lant* it uses the energy "ro% "ossil "uels >coal$ "uel oil$ etc?&

uclear +ower +lant* ses the energy obtained by nuclear reactors&

Benewable Besources +lants* se energy "ro% renewable resources* solar$ wind$ tidal an

geother%al&


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3& .hile

he entral 'nterconnected .yste% >.'? has an installed ca!acity o" 15$10 ,3 generation$

which 52&5 are ther%al !ower !lants$ 41& hydro !lants$ 4&7 and 1 wind "ar%s $ 7 to sol

!ower !lants& (n the other hand$ since the sa%e date$ the orthern 'nterconnected .yste% >.'G

has an installed ca!acity o" 4$5 ,3 generation$ o" which 5&6 is ther%oelectric !lants$ 0&2

hydroelectric !lants$ 1& to wind "ar%s$ and 1& to solar !ower !lants& ogether both electric

syste%s have a total ca!acity o" 1$66 ,3 generation$ which corres!onds to %ore than

installed ca!acity throughout the country& 9or electricity generation used the "ollowing sources*

Hydro energy*

'n hile$ hydro!ower is the %ain source o" electricity !roduction& 'n "act$ there are

hydroelectric !lants that su!!ly the entral 'nterconnected .yste% >.'? covering betwe

the Begion o" oui%bo and


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)io%ass*

't generates electricity$ but less so in rural isolated locations in southern hile$ as ,etahu

and the island )utachauues are&

He began designing various !ro:ects on the construction o" a geother%al !ower !lant that !roduc

electricity&

4& 5rgentina

3ind energy*

here are two %ain ty!es o" %achines that use the energy contained in the wind %ills$ whi

are used !ri%arily "or %echanical !u%!ing o" water >so%ething very co%%on in the "ield

and wind turbines$ eui!%ent s!ecially designed to !roduce electricity& he !rovinces

.anta ru-$ hubut$ Bio and )uenos Aires concentrate )lac# ArgentinaFs largest wi

!otential&


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)io"uels*

he +rovince o" .anta 9e$ has the largest concentration o" biodiesel !lants in the count

announced to date& 9ossil "uels >in !articular oil and gas? are the %ain source o" energy us

by Argentina "or the generation o" electricity and "uel& he country has several basins w

reservations&

uclear energy*

hey are available in Argentina Atucha ' uclear +ower +lants 7$ Atucha '' and E%bal

nuclear !ower !lant& nuclear "acilities "or the !roduction o" electricity&

.%all hydroelectric !lants* Hydroelectric !ower is the conversion o" #inetic energy a

gravitational !otential energy o" water into %echanical energy which is "inally trans"or%ed in

electricity& According to the Lational @evelo!%ent .che%e "or the se o" Benewable Ener

.ources "or Electricity +roductionL category o" L.%all Achieve%entL corres!onds in Argentina

hydroelectric !lants o" u! to 70 %egawatts o" installed ca!acity& 'n Argentina$ the use o" this ty!e energy is still s%all co%!ared to the %agnitude o" the resource&

Geother%al energy in Argentina are counted at least 4 !oints o" geother%al interest to genera

electricity$ 2 o" the% in the !rovince o" euun >o!ahue and @o%uyo?$ another in u-gle >Ju:u

and "ourth in Calle del ura >.an Juan?&


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%$&6olivia

According to in"or%ation !rovided by the ational o%%ittee @es!echo >@?$ in 2017 a tot

!roduction o" electricity in )olivia o" 74& G3h$ o" which 2$514& G3h corres!ond

hydroelectric !ower >74 he had$ 2? and 472& G3h ther%al energy >65&?& 'n total they in:ect

the ,ain 'nterconnected .yste% >'.? 14&7 G3h$ being 2442&2 originated "ro% hydro!ow>74&2? and in ther%al 40&1 >65&?&

her%al Energy*

her%al +ower +lant 3arnes !ro:ectFs %ain ob:ective is :oining the ational 'ntegrat

.yste% >.'? a!!ro& 200 ,3 o" e""ective !ower to !rovide greater reliability a

availability o" su!!ly o" electrical energy to the )olivian !o!ulation& he !lant will have "i

turbogenerators generation o" 40 ,3 each&

Hydro!ower*

(ver the years$ )olivia !assed a %atri o" electricity generation in 2001 to 60

hydroenergetic originated sources$ to rely on ther%al !ower !lants based on "ossil "uels b

66 in 2017&


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his trend is beginning to be reversed with the ai% o" diversi"ying the energy %atri$ %a#e

cleaner and contribute to greater energy security& 't is esti%ated that by 2025 the country w

reverse the current situation$ getting to have a %atri o" su!!orted electricity generation by 0

hydroelectric !lants&

)olivia has no geother%al advances in nuclear energy$ because this @r& a#agawa said his %a

goal as a researcher s!eciali-ing in geother%al energy is to "ind that the use o" natural resourc

have a balance and ensure sustainability& He said the world is on using oil to generate energy an

that this !rocess is da%aging the environ%ent&

%%&.olombia

At @ece%ber 71$ 2015$ the annual !ower generation in olo%bia was 66$54&5 G3h$ 7&5 abo

that recorded in 2014 "or this sa%e !eriod >64$72& G3h?& his growth is %ainly associated wi

the increase in de%and .'& his increase is %ainly due to the entry into o!eration o" hydroelectr

!ower !lants&

Hydroelectric !ower stations*

he =ui%bo 76 ,3$ arlos


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11$2 ,3h / year o" agricultural waste&

2$64 ,3h / year o" bioethanol&

6 ,3h / year o" waste o" natural "orest areas&

65 ,3h / year o" biodiesel&

442 ,3h / year o" waste "ro% !lanted "orests&

%'& Peru

A generation situation "or (ctober 2015 was* hydrocarbons !artici!ated with 55&25$ hydro!ow

!lants with 42&$ solar and wind energy with 1&

Hydro!ower*


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+eru traditionally !roduces hydro!ower$ good ea%!les are the hydroelectric Gallito iego

da% in the de!art%ent o" i%age right? or the huge hydroelectric !lant ,antar

with over 1 G3$ contributes about 20 o" the electricity o" +eru&

3ind energy*

here are currently 4 wind "ar%s in o!eration& he wind "ar% in ,arcona >a-ca? withno%inal !ower o" 72 ,3$ u!isniue >+acas%ayo$ 65&? corres!onding

large hydro$ 21$40 ,3 >1&? ther%oelectric burning "ossil "uels$ $60 ,3 >&1 ? bio%as

"ired ther%oelectric >%ainly bagasse?$ 1$641 ,3 >1&4? ther%oelectric burning other ty!es o" "u

4$542 ,3 >7&? to hydraulic s%all >1 ,3 to 70 ,3? and %iniIhydro > less than 1 ,3?$ 2$0

,3 >1&? at two nuclear !ower !lants$ 1$6 ,3 >1&6? to wind "ar%s and &5 ,3 >0&0?

!ower generation !hotovoltaic solar energy&

her%al Energy*


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Begarding ther%oelectric$ they are currently used to %eet the reuire%ents o" isolated are

or "or co%!le%entation syste% in hydrologically dry !eriods&

Hydro!ower*

'tai!u @a% is the largest in o!eration in the world$ in a binational condo%iniu% !ro:edevelo!ed by )ra-il and +araguay on the +arana Biver& he installed ca!acity o" 12$600 ,

is the annual "ir% energy$ esti%ated !ro:ect is 5 billion K3h&

3ind Energy*

)ra-il :ust get a record generation with renewable energy* %eans 2&2 %egawa

>,3%ed? o" wind !ower in a single day& )ra-il has :ust reached an i%!ortant record* th

average !roduction o" 2$$2 %egawatts o" wind !ower in a single day&

)ra-ilian generation syste% co%!rises$ in addition to water sources o" %ineral$ !etroleu% conatural gas$ bagasse$ "orest reserves and other "uture sources li#e solar energy$ urban waste$ energ

o" the variation o" the tides$ etc&

A%ong the ongoing !ro:ects it has generated energy "ro% the waves brea#ing on the coast o" )ra-

has the !otential to !roduce G3 o" electricity$ as indicated by the "indings o" a new studyM

energy generated "ro% waves brea#ing on the coast o" )ra-il has the !otential to !roduce G3

electricity$ as indicated by the "indings o" a new study&

%+&Denmar7


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@en%ar# has considerable sources o" energy li#e*

oal*

oal !ower !rovided 4 o" the electricity and 22 o" the heat in district in @en%ar#

200$ and in total !rovided 21&6 o" total energy consu%!tion& he coal is i%!orted outsi

Euro!e&

)io%ass*

@en%ar# consu%ed 2&1 %illion tons o" wood !ellets in 2014$ ece!ted ton increase by 1

%illion tons as %ore coal is re!laced& hey are %ainly i%!orted "ro% the )altic .tates an

Bussia&

uclear Energy*

he !roduction o" nuclear energy has been banned in @en%ar# since 15& 'n 2014 and 201

nuclear !ower was 7I4 o" electricity consu%!tion in @en%ar#& An average o" 10

do%estic energy consu%!tion co%es "ro% nuclear i%!orts "ro% neighboring contries .wed

and Ger%any&

.olar*

@en%ar had 0 ,3 o" !hotovoltaic ca!acity in late 2015$ and already reached its year 202

govern%ental goal o" installing 200 ,3 in 2012& As o" total +C ca!acity "ro% 0 000 !riva

installations a%ounts to 500 ,3&

Geother%al*

@en%ar# has two geother%al district heating !lants$ one in histed started in 1$ and one

in o!enhagen started in 2005& hey no !roduce no electricity&

3ind +ower*

3ind !rovided 7 o" electricity generated in @en%ar# in 2014 and 42&1 o" @en%ar#


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%-&5ustralia

'n "act around 6 o" electricity in Australia is generated "ro% these "uels ty!es$ with 7 "ro%

coal and 17 "ro% natural Gas& Around the world it is %uch the sa%e$ with "ossil "uels being used

o" electricity heating and !owering vehicles&

he renewable energy cources %a#e u! the re%aining 14 o" AustralianNs electricity %i&

Hidro!ower*

his began contributing to AustralianNs generation in the 150s$ is the largest source o"

renewable electricity$ contributing 60 o" all renewable and o" total electricity&

3ind$ bioenergy and roo"to! solar*

't %a#e u! the other 60

3ind and solar !ower are #nown as inter%ittent energy sources$ because they rely on natural

sources and canNt be relied on "or consistent baseload !ower&


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%/&5rab Emirates

he nit Arab E%irates has the worldNs sith largest oil reserves and the "i"th largest natural g

reserves$ %a#ing the country a critical !artner and res!onsible su!!lier in global energy %ar#ets&

has %any ways o" energy li#e*

(il and atural Gas*

Each e%irate controls its own oil !roduction and resource develo!%ent& Abu @habi holds

!ercent o" the AENs oil resources$ or about 2&2 billion barrels& @ubai contains an esti%at

4 billion barrels$ "ollowed by .har:ah and Bas alIKhai%ah with 1&5 billion and 100 %illio

barrels o" oil$ res!ectively&

uclear Energy*

As a result o" this study$ the AE is !ursuing a !eace"ul$ civilian nuclear energy !rogra% th

u!holds the highest standards o" sa"ety$ security$ non!roli"eration and o!eration

trans!arency& Govern%ent o""icials$ non!roli"eration advocates$ and energy e!e

worldwide have called the AE a!!roach a gold standard "or countries interested in e!lori

nuclear energy "or the "irst ti%e&

Alternative Energy


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@es!ite the critical role o" oil and gas "or the AE$ the country has %ade groundbrea#in

co%%it%ents in alternative energy& he AE is ta#ing ste!s to reduce carbon e%issio

through %a:or initiatives in both Abu @habi and @ubai&

@ubai is develo!ing a %aster environ%ental !lan that will ensure that growth and !rogress a

achieved while !rotecting the environ%ent& @e%andIsideI%anage%ent o" electricity will !lay a ro

as will increased !ublic trans!ortation&

%0&Paraguay

+araguay is one o" the "ew countries in


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her%al +ower*

+araguay has si ther%al !ower !lants to contribute "or the de%and o" energy in this country

%3&8uatemala

Guate%ala is the second largest entral A%erican !ower %ar#et$ with a total generating ca!acity

7&2G3& 'n 2014$ it generated &3h o" electricity$ with 4 co%ing "ro% "ossilIbased generatio


25/28

0 o" which "ro% hydroelectric !ower& As a country$ osta Bica has a geogra!hic advantage ov

others in that its high concentration !er ca!ita o" rivers$ da%s$ and volcanoes allow "or a hig

renewable energy out!ut& 'n addition$ osta Bica is the "ourth highest nation in ter%s o" rain"all !

ca!ita* it receives an average o" 2$26%% o" !reci!itation !er year& As a s%aller nation with

!o!ulation o" only 5 %illion and no %a:or industry$ the need "or strong energy in"rastructure is le

than "or larger countries o" higher !o!ulation density&

Hydro!ower*

osta Bica Beceives about 0 o" this energy "ro% hydroelectric !lants alone due to a%oun

o" rain"all and %ulti!le rivers& As the largest source o" energy hydro!ower alones c

generate nearly enough energy to !ower the whole country&

Geother%al +ower*

osta Bica has si currently active volcanoes and do-ens o" inactive volcanoes do-ens

inactive volcanoes& hat let 't have a good !roduction o" geother%lenergy&

3ind +ower*

3ind !ower in osta Bica is used during ,ounths o" @ece%ber to ,arch because decrease

rain"all in the nation and hydro!ower out!ut decreases&

osta Bica has other !ro:ects about solar and bio%ass energy to re!resent about 25 o" the energ

!roduce it&


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'$&.anada

't country generate a signi"icant %a:ority o" its electricity "ro% hydroelectric da%s$ wind !ower an

solar also& he %ost i%!ortanto !roduction is Hydro the% the coal and nuclear energy is used&

have little !roduction about Gas and (il generation&


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6ibliogra!hy:

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australia.html
http://www.sibiup.up.ac.pa/otros-enlaces/tecnociencias/Vol.%2010(2)/Tecnociencia%20Articulo%2010%2010(2)%2008.pdfhttp://www.sibiup.up.ac.pa/otros-enlaces/tecnociencias/Vol.%2010(2)/Tecnociencia%20Articulo%2010%2010(2)%2008.pdfhttp://www.aprean.com/internacional/estudios/nota_sectorial_energias_renovables_panama.pdfhttp://www.enciclopediapr.org/esp/article.cfm?ref=08032702&page=5http://electricidadenvenezuela.blogspot.com/2007/06/la-electricidad-en-venezuela.htmlhttp://generadoras.cl/generacion-electrica/sector-generacion-electrica/http://www.icarito.cl/2009/12/74-3673-9-energias-en-chile.shtml/http://www.energia.gob.ar/contenidos/verpagina.php?idpagina=3877https://grupoingenieria26.wordpress.com/2012/06/22/fuentes-de-energia-en-la-argentina/http://www.energiabolivia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2229&Itemid=113http://lpz.ucb.edu.bo/forms/noticias/noticiasucb.aspx?nsnoticia=70041http://www.ende.bo/NewProyectos/resena/planta-termoelectrica-warnes---200-mwhttp://bioenergycrops.com/es/2014/01/20/biomasa-en-colombia-ley-renovables/http://www.epm.com.co/site/Home/Institucional/Nuestrasplantas/Energ%C3%ADa/ParqueE%C3%B3lico.aspxhttp://www.epm.com.co/site/Home/Institucional/Nuestrasplantas/Energ%C3%ADa/ParqueE%C3%B3lico.aspxhttp://informesanuales.xm.com.co/2015/SitePages/operacion/2-4-Generaci%C3%B3n-del-SIN.aspxhttp://deltavolt.pe/energia-renovable/renovable-peruhttp://www.ratingspcr.com/uploads/2/5/8/5/25856651/sector_electrico_peruano_201409-fin.pdfhttp://www.evwind.com/2015/08/04/eolica-en-brasil-bate-record-de-generacion-por-jose-santamarta/http://www.ecologiahoy.com/centrales-nucleares-en-brasilhttp://power.sitios.ing.uc.cl/alumno97/brazil.htmhttp://www.energias-renovables-marinas.com/energia-undimotriz/primera-generacion-de-energia-con-olas-del-mar-en-brasil-1707573http://www.energias-renovables-marinas.com/energia-undimotriz/primera-generacion-de-energia-con-olas-del-mar-en-brasil-1707573https://www.originenergy.com.au/blog/about-energy/energy-in-australia.htmlhttps://www.originenergy.com.au/blog/about-energy/energy-in-australia.htmlhttp://www.sibiup.up.ac.pa/otros-enlaces/tecnociencias/Vol.%2010(2)/Tecnociencia%20Articulo%2010%2010(2)%2008.pdfhttp://www.sibiup.up.ac.pa/otros-enlaces/tecnociencias/Vol.%2010(2)/Tecnociencia%20Articulo%2010%2010(2)%2008.pdfhttp://www.aprean.com/internacional/estudios/nota_sectorial_energias_renovables_panama.pdfhttp://www.enciclopediapr.org/esp/article.cfm?ref=08032702&page=5http://electricidadenvenezuela.blogspot.com/2007/06/la-electricidad-en-venezuela.htmlhttp://generadoras.cl/generacion-electrica/sector-generacion-electrica/http://www.icarito.cl/2009/12/74-3673-9-energias-en-chile.shtml/http://www.energia.gob.ar/contenidos/verpagina.php?idpagina=3877https://grupoingenieria26.wordpress.com/2012/06/22/fuentes-de-energia-en-la-argentina/http://www.energiabolivia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2229&Itemid=113http://lpz.ucb.edu.bo/forms/noticias/noticiasucb.aspx?nsnoticia=70041http://www.ende.bo/NewProyectos/resena/planta-termoelectrica-warnes---200-mwhttp://bioenergycrops.com/es/2014/01/20/biomasa-en-colombia-ley-renovables/http://www.epm.com.co/site/Home/Institucional/Nuestrasplantas/Energ%C3%ADa/ParqueE%C3%B3lico.aspxhttp://www.epm.com.co/site/Home/Institucional/Nuestrasplantas/Energ%C3%ADa/ParqueE%C3%B3lico.aspxhttp://informesanuales.xm.com.co/2015/SitePages/operacion/2-4-Generaci%C3%B3n-del-SIN.aspxhttp://deltavolt.pe/energia-renovable/renovable-peruhttp://www.ratingspcr.com/uploads/2/5/8/5/25856651/sector_electrico_peruano_201409-fin.pdfhttp://www.evwind.com/2015/08/04/eolica-en-brasil-bate-record-de-generacion-por-jose-santamarta/http://www.ecologiahoy.com/centrales-nucleares-en-brasilhttp://power.sitios.ing.uc.cl/alumno97/brazil.htmhttp://www.energias-renovables-marinas.com/energia-undimotriz/primera-generacion-de-energia-con-olas-del-mar-en-brasil-1707573http://www.energias-renovables-marinas.com/energia-undimotriz/primera-generacion-de-energia-con-olas-del-mar-en-brasil-1707573https://www.originenergy.com.au/blog/about-energy/energy-in-australia.htmlhttps://www.originenergy.com.au/blog/about-energy/energy-in-australia.html


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http://www.uae-embassy.org/about-uae/energy-uae

http://global-climatescope.org/en/country/guatemala/#/details

http://en.openei.org/wiki/Guatemala
http://www.uae-embassy.org/about-uae/energy-uaehttp://global-climatescope.org/en/country/guatemala/#/detailshttp://en.openei.org/wiki/Guatemalahttp://www.uae-embassy.org/about-uae/energy-uaehttp://global-climatescope.org/en/country/guatemala/#/detailshttp://en.openei.org/wiki/Guatemala

project 1intro power electric system

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