prri$2016american$values$survey$ total$=2,010$(1,720

October 25, 2016

2027 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, 3RD FLOOR, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 • 202-‐435-‐0277 • WWW.PRRI.ORG

PRRI 2016 American Values Survey Total = 2,010 (1,720 Online, 290 Telephone)

September 1-‐‑27, 2016 Q.1 Do you think things in this country are generally going in the right direction or do you feel things have gotten pretty seriously off on the wrong track?

Right

direction Wrong track Mixed (VOL.)

Don’t know/ Refused (VOL.)

Sept. 2016 25 74 -‐‑ 1=100 May 2016 28 72 -‐‑ 1=100 Dec. 2013 26 65 -‐‑ 8=100 Sept. 2012 34 57 5 4=100 July 2011 21 71 -‐‑ 8=100 May 2011 29 65 -‐‑ 7=100 IF THINGS ARE OFF ON WRONG TRACK (Q1=2), ASK [N=1,479]: Q.2 And do you think things have gotten off track in just the last few years or do you

think things have been off track for a long time?

40 Last few years 59 For a long time 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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Q.3 Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling his job as President?

Approve Disapprove

Mixed (VOL.)


Sept. 2016 53 46 -‐‑ 1=100 Feb. 2015 49 43 5 3=100 Nov. 2014 43 51 4 2=100 Aug. 2014 38 48 6 8=100 June 2013 48 41 5 6=100 Feb. 2013 51 39 6 4=100 Sept. 2012 48 43 6 4=100 Aug. 2012 46 43 6 5=100 Oct. 2011 45 44 -‐‑ 12=100 Aug. 2011 44 47 -‐‑ 9=100 Sept. 2010 49 42 -‐‑ 9=100 March 2010 46 44 -‐‑ 10=100 IF APPROVE (Q3=1), ASK [N=1,096]: Q.4a And would you say you strongly approve or somewhat approve of how Obama’s

handling his job as President?

55 Strongly approve 44 Somewhat approve * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF DISAPPROVE (Q3=2), ASK [N=891]: Q.4b And would you say you strongly disapprove or somewhat disapprove of how

Obama’s handling his job as President?

64 Strongly disapprove 36 Somewhat disapprove 0 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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Q.5 How often would you say you vote? [LIST IN ORDER]

48 Always 22 Nearly always 9 In about half of elections 8 Seldom 12 Never * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.6 How would you rate your chances of voting in the 2016 presidential election? [LIST IN ORDER]

66 Absolutely certain to vote 12 Probably will vote 8 Chances are 50-‐‑50 14 Less than 50-‐‑50 chance * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

REGIST These days, many people are so busy they can't find time to register to vote, or move around so often they don't get a chance to re-‐‑register. Are you NOW registered to vote in your precinct or election district or haven't you been able to register so far?

83 Yes, registered 13 No, not registered 0 Not sure if registered 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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IF CURRENTLY REGISTERED TO VOTE (REGIST=1), ASK [N=1,669]: Q.7 If the 2016 presidential election were being held today and the candidates were

[INSERT; RANDOMIZE] and [INSERT], for whom would you vote? IF DON’T KNOW/REFUSED (Q7=9), ASK [N=258]: Q.8 As of today, do you lean more toward [INSERT; RANDOMIZE] or [INSERT]? REGISTERED VOTERS

Sept. 2016

Late Aug. 2016

Early Aug. 2016

49 48 48 Hillary Clinton, the Democrat 47 45 45 Clinton 1 3 3 Leans Clinton 38 35 36 Donald Trump, the Republican 37 33 34 Trump 1 2 2 Leans Trump 4 2 2 Gary Johnson (VOL.) 1 * 1 Jill Stein (VOL.) 7 5 5 Some other candidate (SPECIFY) (VOL.) 1 10 8 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

LIKELY VOTERS Sept. 2016

49 Hillary Clinton, the Democrat 48 Clinton 1 Leans Clinton 41 Donald Trump, the Republican 41 Trump 1 Leans Trump 4 Gary Johnson (VOL.) 1 Jill Stein (VOL.) 4 Some other candidate (SPECIFY) (VOL.) 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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IF VOTING FOR TRUMP (Q7=2), ASK [N=587]: Q.9a And would you describe yourself as a strong supporter of Donald Trump, or not a

strong supporter?

54 Strong supporter 46 Not a strong supporter * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.9b Would you say that your choice is more a vote for Donald Trump or more a vote

against Hillary Clinton? Sept. 2016

Aug. 20161

40 43 For Trump 59 54 Against Clinton 1 3 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

IF VOTING FOR CLINTON (Q7=1), ASK [N=812]: Q.10a And would you describe yourself as a strong supporter of Hillary Clinton, or not a

strong supporter?

51 Strong supporter 49 Not a strong supporter * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.10b Would you say that your choice is more a vote for Hillary Clinton or more a vote

against Donald Trump? Sept. 2016

Aug. 20162

46 52 For Clinton 54 45 Against Trump * 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

1 Pew Research Center for the People & the Press Poll, August 2016. 2 Pew Research Center for the People & the Press Poll, August 2016.

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IF REGISTERED TO VOTE (REGIST=1), ASK [N=1,669]: Q.11 Would you say you are highly motivated to vote this year or are you not that

motivated to vote this year? [LIST/READ IN ORDER]

71 Highly motivated 28 Not that motivated * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.12 Regardless of who you may support for president in 2016, which candidate do you

think is most likely to win the presidential election this year? [READ; ROTATE] Q.13 And would you say that [IF Q12=1 INSERT: “Clinton”; IF Q12=2 INSERT:

“Trump”] is somewhat likely to win or very likely to win the election this year?

63 Hillary Clinton 31 Very likely 31 Somewhat likely * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 34 Donald Trump 15 Very likely 18 Somewhat likely * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.14 And regardless of who you may support for president in 2016, which candidate

better understands the problems of people like you? [READ; ROTATE]

35 Hillary Clinton 25 Donald Trump 39 Neither 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

QUESTIONS Q.15A AND Q15.B HELD FOR FUTURE RELEASE

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And thinking about U.S. elections in general… Q.16 Overall, which do you think is a BIGGER problem in U.S. elections today … [RANDOMIZE OPTIONS] Sept. 2016

Nov. 2014

37 40 People casting votes who are not eligible to vote 41 43 Eligible voters being denied the right to vote 3 -‐‑ Other (SPECIFY) 9 -‐‑ Not voting/Apathy (VOL.) 6 -‐‑ Elite dominated/Bad institutions/Rigged (VOL.) 1 7 Both/Neither (VOL.) 3 10 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

Q.17 How much confidence do you have that your vote will be counted accurately? Sept. 2016

May 20163

43 36 A great deal of confidence 38 37 Only some confidence 17 26 Hardly any confidence 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

Q.18 Thinking about some issues that are important to people, how important are the

following issues to you personally? For each issue, please say whether it is a critical issue to you, one among many important issues, or not that important compared to other issues. [RANDOMIZE LIST]

a. Growing gap between rich and poor Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

52 43 48 Critical issue 36 41 38 One among many important issues 12 15 13 Not that important an issue * 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

3 AP/NORC Poll, May 2016.

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b. Crime Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

54 48 53 Critical issue 39 45 39 One among many important issues 7 7 8 Not that important an issue * * 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

c. Race relations Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

47 36 39 Critical issue 40 45 42 One among many important issues 12 19 19 Not that important an issue 1 * 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

d. Jobs and unemployment Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

Dec. 2013

61 55 60 62 Critical issue 36 41 35 29 One among many important issues 3 3 4 8 Not that important an issue * * 1 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 100 Total

e. Immigration Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

Dec. 2013

44 43 46 34 Critical issue 43 44 40 39 One among many important issues 12 12 13 24 Not that important an issue 1 * 1 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 100 Total

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f. Trade agreements with other countries Sept. 2016

May 2016

33 26 Critical issue 56 59 One among many important issues 10 15 Not that important an issue 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

g. The federal deficit

49 Critical issue 40 One among many important issues 9 Not that important an issue 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

h. Terrorism Sept. 2016

May 2016

Oct. 2015

70 69 62 Critical issue 24 27 29 One among many important issues 5 4 8 Not that important an issue * * 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

i. Fairness of presidential elections

41 Critical issue 42 One among many important issues 16 Not that important an issue 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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Turning to a different subject… Q.19 Since the 1950s, do you think American culture and way of life has mostly changed for the better, or has it mostly changed for the worse?

Mostly changed for the better

Mostly changed for the worse

Both/ Neither (VOL.)


Sept. 2016 48 51 -‐‑ 1=100 May 2016 49 50 -‐‑ 1=100 Oct. 2015 46 53 -‐‑ 1=100 Dec. 2013 44 46 7 3=100 Feb. 2013 40 54 3 3=100 Q.20 In general, do you think America’s best days are ahead of us or behind us? Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

Sept. 2012

48 49 54 Ahead of us 50 49 38 Behind us -‐‑ -‐‑ 4 Depends (VOL.) 1 2 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

PARENT Do you have any children? For this and the next question, please think of any

children you have, regardless of age and whether they live in your household.

70 Yes 30 No * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.21 Do you think that your generation is better off, about the same, or worse off

financially than [IF PARENT INSERT “your children’s generation”; IF NOT PARENT INSERT: “the next generation of young people”] will be?

Sept. 2016

Aug. 2014

June 2013

39 49 52 Better off 36 18 18 About the same 24 29 26 Worse off 1 5 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

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Q.22 Now, we would like to get your views on some issues that are being discussed in the country today. Do you strongly favor, favor, oppose or strongly oppose the following… [RANDOMIZE LIST]

a. Increasing the minimum wage from $7.25 an hour to $15 an hour Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

32 34 Strongly favor 28 25 Favor 25 25 Oppose 14 15 Strongly oppose * * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

b. Building a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico Sept. 2016

May 2016

20 16 Strongly favor 21 25 Favor 24 27 Oppose 34 31 Strongly oppose 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

c. Temporarily banning Muslims from other countries from entering the U.S. Sept. 2016

May 2016

20 17 Strongly favor 23 23 Favor 30 34 Oppose 26 24 Strongly oppose 2 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

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d. Increasing the tax rate on Americans earning more than $250,000 a year

Strongly favor Favor Oppose

Strongly oppose


Sept. 2016 41 31 19 8 1=100 May 2016 33 36 22 9 1=100 April 2016 27 32 21 14 5=100 Aug. 2014 26 31 24 13 5=100 June 2013 29 34 22 12 3=100 Sept. 2012 33 28 19 17 4=100

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e. Allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry legally


Strongly oppose


Sept. 2016 34 30 16 18 1=100 Late Aug. 2016 31 31 15 15 8=100 Early Aug. 2016 29 28 19 14 11=100 July 2016 28 28 21 13 10=100 June 2016 25 30 20 15 10=100 Late May 2016 25 30 17 19 8=100 Early May 2016 32 30 18 18 2=100 Dec. 2015 22 30 19 19 10=100 Nov. 2015 32 24 17 20 8=100 Late Oct. 2015 27 28 19 19 6=100 Early Oct. 2015 31 29 17 22 1=100 Sept. 2015 28 27 16 21 7=100 Late Aug. 2015 26 29 15 20 9=100 Early Aug. 2015 28 25 16 23 8=100 July 2015 24 28 16 24 8=100 June 2015 27 28 18 19 9=100 May 2015 26 27 20 19 9=100 Dec. 2014 25 32 18 18 7=100 Nov. 2014 25 29 20 19 7=100 Oct. 2014 24 32 18 17 9=100 Sept. 2014 22 33 18 19 8=100 Late Aug. 2014 24 25 20 22 9=100 Early Aug. 2014 28 28 17 20 7=100 July 2014 24 29 18 20 10=100 June 2014 25 28 14 26 7=100 May 2014 26 24 19 21 10=100 April 2014 27 27 18 22 5=100 Dec. 2013 22 31 21 20 5=100 Oct. 2013 25 27 19 25 4=100 June 2013 22 30 21 20 7=100 May 2013 24 28 22 21 5=100 March 2013 23 27 18 21 10=100 Feb. 2013 25 27 19 23 7=100 Sept. 2012 24 25 18 27 7=100 Aug. 2012 24 25 17 28 6=100 June 2012 25 24 18 26 7=100 March 2012 22 30 19 25 5=100 Oct. 2011 24 24 20 26 6=100 Aug. 2011 19 29 21 25 6=100 July 2011 18 29 21 26 6=100

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f. Making the use of marijuana legal


Strongly oppose


Sept. 2016 31 32 19 17 1=100 Aug. 2014 18 26 26 24 6=100 Dec. 2013 20 31 25 19 4=100 Oct. 2013 19 32 25 19 4=100 April 2013 24 21 21 28 6=100 Sept. 2012 18 25 24 28 4=100 Q.23 Which of the following statements comes closest to your own view – even if neither

is exactly right? [ROTATE OPTIONS] a. Sept. 2016

May 2016

43 41 Free trade agreements with other countries are mostly helpful because they open markets for U.S. companies and allow Americans to buy goods more cheaply

50 52 Free trade agreements with other countries are mostly harmful because they send jobs overseas and drive down wages

3 2 Other (SPECIFY) 1 1 Neither/Both equally (VOL.) 3 3 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

b.

54 Raising the minimum wage generally helps the economy because it allows more workers to pay for basic goods and services without government help

40 Raising the minimum wage generally hurts the economy by making it more difficult for small businesses to pay and hire new workers

4 Other (SPECIFY) 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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c. The growing

number of newcomers from other countries threatens traditional American customs and values

The growing number of newcomers from other countries strengthens American society

Other (SPECIFY)

Neither/ Both equally

(VOL.)


Sept. 2016 46 44 6 1 2=100 Dec. 2015 35 48 -‐‑ 11 7 =100 Nov. 2015 36 51 -‐‑ 7 7=100 Oct. 2015 37 51 -‐‑ 6 5=100 Sept. 2015 34 51 -‐‑ 9 6=100 Late Aug. 2015 36 48 -‐‑ 10 6=100 Early Aug. 2015 32 49 -‐‑ 12 8=100 July 2015 35 50 -‐‑ 9 8=100 Late June 2015 33 54 -‐‑ 7 7=100 Early June 2015 34 51 -‐‑ 6 9=100 May 2015 29 50 -‐‑ 10 10=100 Nov. 2014 45 48 -‐‑ 5 3=100 April 2013 36 55 -‐‑ 5 4=100 Feb. 2013 40 54 -‐‑ 3 3=100 Aug. 2011 42 53 -‐‑ 2 3=100 Q.24 Do you think that the decline of manufacturing jobs in the U.S. is mostly the result of

globalization and advancements in technology or poorly-‐‑negotiated trade deals and government policy?

37 Globalization and technology 57 Trade deals and government policy 4 Other (SPECIFY) 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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Q.25 Do you think abortion should be... [ROTATE LIST ORDER; FORM 1: 1-‐‑4; FORM 2: 4-‐‑1]

Legal in all cases

Legal in most cases

Illegal in most cases

Illegal in all cases


Sept. 2016 26 36 25 12 1=100 Oct. 2015 22 35 27 14 1=100 Aug. 2015 20 33 26 17 4=100 Dec. 2014 23 33 25 15 3=100 Nov. 2014 24 33 25 14 4=100 Oct. 2014 23 34 25 15 4=100 Late Sept. 2014 20 33 24 17 6=100 Early Sept. 2014 19 33 28 16 4=100 Aug. 2014 23 33 23 18 3=100 July 2014 20 31 27 17 6=100 June 2014 21 32 28 16 3=100 May 2014 20 32 26 17 5=100 April 2014 19 30 26 19 7=100 Feb. 2014 20 32 27 14 6=100 July 2013 19 35 28 14 4=100 March 2013 23 33 24 14 5=100 Oct. 2012 22 34 24 15 5=100 Sept. 2012 20 34 27 14 4=100 Nov. 2011 21 32 29 14 3=100 Aug. 2011 18 34 29 15 4=100 June 2011 19 37 26 14 4=100 Oct. 2010 18 37 27 15 3=100

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ASK ALL: Q.26 Now we’d like your views on some political leaders or groups. Please say whether your overall opinion of each of the following is very favorable, mostly favorable, mostly unfavorable, or very unfavorable. [RANDOMIZE LIST] a. Barack Obama

Very

favorable Mostly favorable

Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 26 28 16 28 1 1=100 Oct. 2015 22 29 14 32 2 1=100 Aug. 2015 20 32 17 26 * 5=100 Aug. 2014 19 28 19 30 * 4=100 Sept. 2012 29 27 16 26 * 2=100 Aug. 2012 23 32 17 24 -‐‑ 3=100 May 2012 19 37 21 21 -‐‑ 2=100 Oct. 2011 22 31 19 25 -‐‑ 2=100 Sept. 2010 26 32 18 22 -‐‑ 2=100 b. Hillary Clinton

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 14 27 18 39 1 1=100 May 2016 16 28 17 37 1 1=100 April 2016 17 23 20 34 * 6=100 Jan. 2016 19 25 17 34 * 5=100 Nov. 2015 19 28 16 30 2 4=100 Oct. 2015 15 31 17 34 2 1=100 Oct. 2013 20 37 14 21 6 3=100 c. Donald Trump

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 10 23 15 50 2 1=100 May 2016 10 18 16 53 1 1=100 April 2016 8 16 18 52 * 6=100 Jan. 2016 12 19 22 42 * 5=100 Nov. 2015 11 16 21 44 2 6=100 Oct. 2015 9 21 21 45 3 1=100

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d. Bill Clinton

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 17 35 23 23 2 1=100 May 2016 19 37 20 22 1 1=100 Aug. 2012 28 42 17 9 -‐‑ 4=100 Sept. 2010 29 40 17 11 -‐‑ 3=100 e. George W. Bush

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 10 35 26 27 1 1=100 Aug. 2012 13 30 26 28 -‐‑ 3=100 Sept. 2010 12 30 26 30 -‐‑ 2=100 f. The Republican Party

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 7 29 31 29 3 2=100 May 2016 7 28 29 30 3 2=100 Aug. 2015 9 27 34 21 1 9=100 Aug. 2014 11 33 29 19 * 7=100 Oct. 2013 7 28 27 28 5 4=100 Sept. 2012 14 30 25 25 * 5=100 Aug. 2012 11 33 26 23 -‐‑ 7=100 g. The Democratic Party

Very


Mostly unfavorable

Very unfavorable

Have not heard of


Sept. 2016 13 36 23 25 3 1=100 May 2016 15 35 22 23 3 2=100 Aug. 2015 17 32 26 18 * 7=100 Aug. 2014 16 34 26 18 * 6=100 Oct. 2013 13 31 25 22 5 4=100 Sept. 2012 19 34 22 21 * 5=100 Aug. 2012 17 34 23 20 -‐‑ 6=100

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Q.27 This year, what is the SINGLE most important quality for a presidential candidate to have? [RANDOMIZE]

39 Honesty 16 Strength 6 Compassion 9 Even temperament 22 Experience 2 Intelligence/Judgment/Wisdom (VOL.) 1 Character/Integrity/Values (VOL.) 5 Other (SPECIFY) * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Regardless of who you plan on supporting in the 2016 election…. Q.28 Thinking about the following characteristics and qualities, please say whether you

think it applies more to Donald Trump or more to Hillary Clinton. [RANDOMIZE CANDIDATE NAMES] [RANDOMIZE LIST]

a. Is honest and trustworthy

45 Hillary Clinton 44 Donald Trump 11 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

b. Is a strong and decisive leader


c. Has strong religious beliefs


d. Understands the problems of poor Americans


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e. Cares about people like you


f. Will use American military power responsibly


g. Has the right background and experience


h. Has the right temperament and personality to be president


Q.29 Thinking about the people that you know… Do you have a close friend or family member who is… [ROTATE OPTIONS] a. Supporting Hillary Clinton

15 Yes, close friend 13 Yes, family member 37 Yes, both friend and family member 31 No 3 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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b. Supporting Donald Trump

14 Yes, close friend 14 Yes, family member 33 Yes, both friend and family member 36 No 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Q.30 Now, please read the following statements on a few different topics and say if you

agree or disagree with each one. [RANDOMIZE LIST].

a. Hard work and determination are no guarantee of success for most people Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

June 2013

21 27 19 Completely agree 36 37 35 Mostly agree 30 25 31 Mostly disagree 12 10 14 Completely disagree 1 1 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 Total

b. A person who has been convicted of a felony should be allowed to vote after they have served their sentence

33 Completely agree 41 Mostly agree 14 Mostly disagree 12 Completely disagree 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

c. Tuition to public colleges and universities should be free for all students whose families make less than $125,000 a year


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d. Police officers generally treat blacks and other minorities the same as whites Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

May 2015

Nov. 2014

15 10 12 12 Completely agree 37 31 29 33 Mostly agree 30 33 29 31 Mostly disagree 17 24 23 21 Completely disagree 1 2 7 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 100 Total

e. Politics and elections are controlled by people with money and by big corporations so it doesn't matter if I vote Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

22 27 Completely agree 35 37 Mostly agree 28 23 Mostly disagree 14 13 Completely disagree 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

f. Neither political party represents my views anymore Sept. 2016

Aug. 19904


4 Gordon Black/USA Today Poll, August 1990. In this poll, the answer responses were strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, and strongly disagree.

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Now a few questions about you… RELIG What is your present religion, if any?

33 Protestant (Baptist, Methodist, Non-‐‑denominational, Lutheran, Presbyterian, Pentecostal, Episcopalian, Reformed, Church of Christ, Jehovah’s Witness, etc.)

20 Roman Catholic (Catholic) 1 Mormon (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-‐‑day Saints/LDS) 1 Orthodox (Greek, Russian, or some other orthodox church) 2 Jewish (Judaism) 1 Muslim (Islam) 1 Buddhist * Hindu 5 Atheist (do not believe in God) 5 Agnostic (not sure if there is a God) 9 Nothing in particular 18 Just Christian 1 Unitarian (Universalist) 2 Something else [SPECIFY] 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF CHRISTIAN OR SOMETHING ELSE (RELIG=1-‐‑4, 12 OR 14), ASK [N=1,500]: BORN Would you describe yourself as a "born-‐‑again" or evangelical Christian, or not?

39 Yes 60 No 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

ASK ALL: ATTEND Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious

services?

9 More than once a week 19 Once a week 11 Once or twice a month 20 A few times a year 22 Seldom 19 Never * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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Q.31 Which of the following comes closest to how you think about the place of religion in your life?

19 Religion is the most important thing in my life 41 Religion is one among many important things in my life 18 Religion is not as important as other things in my life 21 Religion is not important in my life 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF ATTEND AT LEAST A FEW TIMES A YEAR (ATTEND =1,2,3,4), ASK [N=1,164]: Q.32 Thinking about the church or congregation you attend most often… To the best of your knowledge, do you think most people at your church or place of worship are supporting [INSERT; RANDOMIZE] or [INSERT]?


Q.33 Now, as you read some statements on a few different topics, please say if you

agree or disagree with each one. [RANDOMIZE]. a. The economic system in this country unfairly favors the wealthy Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

Aug. 2014

Aug. 2012

41 44 29 32 Completely agree 37 35 35 34 Mostly agree 16 16 22 21 Mostly disagree 5 5 12 11 Completely disagree 1 1 2 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 100 Total

b. Because things have gotten so far off track in this country, we need a leader who is willing to break some rules if that's what it takes to set things right Sept. 2016

May 2016

April 2016


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c. The country would be better off if we had more women in political office Sept. 2016

April 20135


d. Women often have to be more qualified than men to be considered for the same job


e. Today discrimination against whites has become as big a problem as discrimination against blacks and other minorities

Completely agree

Mostly agree

Mostly disagree

Completely disagree


Sept. 2016 20 27 30 21 1=100 May 2016 23 26 26 23 1=100 Oct. 2015 17 26 29 26 1=100 Aug. 2014 19 26 28 23 4=100 Aug. 2012 18 29 30 21 3=100 Aug. 2011 15 31 33 18 2=100 f. Business corporations do not share enough of their success with their employees Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

Aug. 2014


5 NBC News/Wall Street Journal Poll, April 2013.

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Q.34 Which of the following statements comes closest to your own view – even if neither is exactly right? [ROTATE OPTIONS]

57 Even if certain people are offended, it is important to speak frankly about sensitive issues and problems facing the country

39 It's important to avoid using language that is hurtful and offensive to some people when discussing sensitive issues


Q.35 Do you see the Confederate flag more as a symbol of Southern pride or more as a symbol of racism? Sept. 2016

Oct. 2015

51 51 Southern pride 41 40 Racism 4 4 Other [SPECIFY] 2 2 Neither/Both equally (VOL.) 3 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

Q.36 Which of the following statements comes closest to your own view – even if neither

is exactly right? [ROTATE OPTIONS]

49 As a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the U.S. should use military force to defend any member country if it is attacked

45 The U.S. should use military force only when its own immediate security is threatened


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Q.37 And thinking about concerns that people may have, how worried are you that you or someone in your family will… [RANDOMIZE LIST]

a. Be a victim of terrorism

Very worried

Somewhat worried

Not too worried

Not at all worried


Sept. 2016 18 35 32 14 1=100 May 2016 18 33 33 17 *=100 April 2016 16 29 31 24 1=100 Dec. 2015 17 30 30 23 *=100 Nov. 2014 11 22 35 31 1=100 b. Be a victim of a violent crime Sept. 2016

May 2016

22 22 Very worried 39 41 Somewhat worried 31 29 Not too worried 7 8 Not at all worried 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

c. Become unemployed Sept. 2016

May 2016

26 27 Very worried 35 38 Somewhat worried 28 24 Not too worried 11 10 Not at all worried * * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 Total

d. Become infected by the Zika virus

11 Very worried 25 Somewhat worried 43 Not too worried 21 Not at all worried 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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PARTY In politics today, do you consider yourself a Republican, Democrat, or Independent?

26 Republican 36 Democrat 33 Independent 4 Other (SPECIFY) 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF INDEPENDENT OR OTHER [PARTY=3,4], ASK [N=795]: PARTYLN As of today do you lean more towards the Republican Party or more towards the Democratic Party?

35 Republican 42 Democrat 20 Other (SPECIFY) 4 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF REPUBLICAN, DEMOCRAT OR INDEPENDENT [PARTY=1,2,3], ASK [N=1,891]: PYEARS Roughly, how long have you identified as [IF DEMOCRAT (PARTY=2)

INSERT: “a Democrat”; IF REPUBLICAN (PARTY=1) INSERT: “a Republican”; IF INDEPENDENT (PARTY=3) INSERT: “an independent”]? [FORM 1: LIST IN ORDER; FORM 2: LIST IN REVERSE ORDER]

8 Less than a year 9 1-‐‑3 years 11 3-‐‑5 years 14 5-‐‑10 years 57 10 years or longer 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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IF DEMOCRAT OR LEAN DEMOCRAT (PARTY=2 OR PARTYLN=2), ASK [N=1,067]: DPRES Who is your favorite Democratic president? [FORM 1: LIST IN ORDER;

FORM 2: LIST IN REVERSE ORDER]

35 Barack Obama 20 Bill Clinton 5 Jimmy Carter 1 Lyndon Johnson 21 John F. Kennedy (JFK) 1 Harry Truman 15 Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) 1 Other [SPECIFY] 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF REPUBLICAN OR LEAN REPUBLICAN (PARTY=1 OR PARTYLN=1), ASK [N=757]: RPRES Who is your favorite Republican president? [FORM 1: LIST IN ORDER;

FORM 2: LIST IN REVERSE ORDER]

12 George W. Bush 5 George H.W. Bush 69 Ronald Reagan 1 Gerald Ford 2 Richard Nixon 7 Dwight Eisenhower 3 Other [SPECIFY] 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

RACE What is your race or ethnicity? Please select all that apply.

70 White 12 Black 14 Hispanic or Latino 4 Asian or Pacific Islander 4 Some other race (SPECIFY) * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.)

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CLASS If you were asked to use one of these five names for your social class, which would you say you belong in? [ROTATE LIST ORDER 1-‐‑5; 5-‐‑1] (FORM 1 LIST CATEGORIES IN ORDER, FORM 2 LIST IN REVERSE ORDER)

Upper class

Upper-‐‑middle class Middle class

Working class Lower class


Sept. 2016 1 13 40 36 9 1=100 May 2016 2 14 43 33 7 1=100 Oct. 2015 1 11 39 37 12 1=100 Aug. 2014 2 10 37 38 11 2=100 Sept. 2012 2 12 41 34 10 1=100 Aug. 2012 1 12 44 33 9 1=100 EMPLOY2 Which of the following best describes your current employment situation?

43 Employed full-‐‑time 11 Employed part-‐‑time 20 Retired 6 A homemaker 5 A student 5 Unemployed but looking for work 1 Unemployed and not looking for work 8 Disabled * Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

IF EMPLOYED, RETIRED OR UNEMPLOYED (EMPLOY2=1,2,3,6,7), ASK [N=1,637]: JOBPAY Even if you are not currently employed, which of the following best describes how you [IF RETIRED OR UNEMPLOYED (EMPLOY2=3,6,7), ASK: “got”] get paid at work?

53 Paid an hourly rate 37 Paid a salary 10 Paid by the job 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

TPARTY Do you consider yourself a part of the Tea Party movement, or not?

9 Yes 89 No 3 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

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ASK ALL: IDEO In general, would you describe your political views as... [ROTATE LIST

ORDER; FORM 1: 1-‐‑5; FORM 2: 5-‐‑1]

8 Very conservative 23 Conservative 43 Moderate 17 Liberal 7 Very liberal 2 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 Total

Thinking back to the 2012 presidential election… PVOTE A lot of people have been telling us they didn’t get a chance to vote in the

2012 presidential election. How about you… did things come up that kept you from voting, or did you happen to vote?

Sept. 2016

May 2016

Aug. 2014

Oct. 2013

70 70 69 91 Yes, voted 21 22 27 7 No, did not vote 9 7 3 1 Not eligible to vote * * * 1 Other (SPECIFY) 1 1 1 1 Don’t know/Refused (VOL.) 100 100 100 100 Total

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Survey Methodology The survey was designed and conducted by Public Religion Research Institute. The survey was made possible by generous grants from the Ford Foundation and the Nathan Cummings Foundation. Interviews were conducted among a random sample of 2,010 adults (age 18 and up) living in the United States including all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Interviews were conducted both online using a self-‐‑administered design and by telephone using live interviewers. All interviews were conducted among participants in AmeriSpeak, a probability-‐‑based panel designed to be representative of the national U.S. adult population run by NORC at the University of Chicago. Panel participants without Internet access, which included 290 respondents, were interviewed via telephone by professional interviewers under the direction of NORC. Interviewing was conducted in both Spanish and English between September 1 and September 27, 2016. NORC’s AmeriSpeak Panel provides a representative panel of civilian, non-‐‑institutional adults (age 18 and over) living in the United States. The sample frame was developed using a two-‐‑stage probability sample design to create a representative sample of households in the United States. The first stage uses National Frame Areas (NFAs), geographic areas that have a population of at least 10,000 people. The National Sample Frame contains almost 3 million households and includes 80,000 rural households. Additionally, NORC oversampled housing units in segments (Census tracts or block groups) that include hard-‐‑to-‐‑reach populations, including young adults, Hispanics and African Americans. Panel recruitment proceeded in two stages. First, a mail solicitation is sent to a randomly selected household along with follow-‐‑up telephone calls and email solicitations if necessary. In the second stage, households that have not responded to the initial inquiry or follow-‐‑ups receive an enhanced incentive offer and a personal visit from NORC field interviewers. Members typically participate in panel surveys two or three times a month. For more information about AmeriSpeak, please visit: http://www.norc.org/Research/Capabilities/Pages/amerispeak.aspx The weighting is accomplished in two separate stages. First, panel base weights are calculated for every household based on the probability of selection from the NORC National Frame, the sampling frame that is used to sample housing units for AmeriSpeak. Household level weights are then assigned to each eligible adult in every recruited household. In the second stage, sample demographics are balanced to match target population parameters for gender, age, education, race and Hispanic ethnicity, and division (U.S. Census definitions), housing type, and telephone usage. The telephone usage parameter came from an analysis of the National Health Interview Survey. All other weighting parameters are derived from an analysis of the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey. The sample weighting is accomplished using an iterative proportional fitting (IFP) process that simultaneously balances the distributions of all variables. Weights were trimmed to prevent individual interviews from having too much influence on the final results. The use

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of these weights in statistical analysis ensures that the demographic characteristics of the sample closely approximate the demographic characteristics of the target populations. The margin of error for the survey is +/-‐‑ 2.8 percentage points at the 95% level of confidence. The survey included a subsample of 1,296 likely voters. The margin of error for the subsample of likely voters is +/-‐‑ 3.5 percentage points at the 95% level of confidence. The design effect for the survey is 1.7. In addition to sampling error, surveys may also be subject to error or bias due to question wording, context and order effects.

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Appendix

Table 1. Demographic, Political, and Religious Subgroup Sample Sizes

(All figures are unweighted)

General Public

Total Sample 2,010 Male 943 Female 1,067 Democrat 726 Independent 675 Republican 490 Tea Party 166 Registered voter 1,669 Likely voter 1,296 Clinton likely voter 650 Trump likely voter 515 White, non-‐‑Hispanic 1,372 Black, non-‐‑Hispanic 220 Hispanic 257 White working-‐‑class 667 White college-‐‑educated 509 Age 18-‐‑29 387 30-‐‑49 708 50-‐‑64 526 65+ 389 White evangelical Protestant 339 White mainline Protestant 364 Black Protestant 163 Catholic 393

White Catholic 258 Hispanic Catholic 107

Religiously unaffiliated 427 Non-‐‑Christian religion 131

prri$2016american$values$survey$ total$=2,010$(1,720

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