ptensi perikanan vietnam

8/9/2019 Ptensi Perikanan Vietnam

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FISHERY COUNTRYPROFILE

Food and AgricultureOrganization of the UnitedNation

FI!"CP"#IE

$a% &''(PROFIL !E LAP)CHE PAR PAYS Organiation de Nation Unie*our l+ali,entation etl+agriculture

RESU$ENINFOR$ATI#OSO-RELA PESCA PORPAISES

Organizaci.n de la NacioneUnida *ara la Agricultura % laAli,entaci.n

THE SOCIALIST REPU-LIC OF #IET NA$

/ENERAL /EO/RAPHIC AN! ECONO$IC !ATA

Area01 329 560 km2

Water area (inland)0: 4 200 km2

Shelf area&: Approx 700 000 km2

Lenth of !ontinental !oa"tline (ex!l#de" i"land")0: 3 444 km

$op#lation (%#l& 2004' e"t)0: 2 69 5*

$op#lation ro+th (2004)0 *3,

-.$ at p#r!ha"er/" al#e (2003)0: 2037 1illion S

-.$ (ppp) per head (2002)2(2003)0: 435 (2 500) S

Ari!#lt#ral , of -.$ (2003)2: 2*,

i"herie" -.$ (2003): 4,

FISHERIES !ATA

!ate Production I,*ort E3*ortTotal

u**l%Per ca*ita

u**l%

+''' tonne 4li5e 6eight7 8g"%ear
http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1


2/34

i"h for dire!th#man

!on"#mption

* 434 (2002) 2* 42 973 *949(200*)

i"h for animalfeed and otherp#rpo"e"

990(' 25, of

total8634)54 * 036

Eti,ated e,*lo%,ent4&''&7:1

(i) $rimar& "e!tor (in!l#dina#a!#lt#re):

553 900

(ii) Se!ondar& "e!tor (200*)(: 34 million

-ro"" al#e of fi"herie" o#tp#t(2003)::

*7 1illion S

rade (2003):

;al#e of fi"herie" import": 52* million S

;al#e of fi"herie" export": 224 1illion S(235 1illion in 2004' e"timated in

%an#ar& 2005)

FISHERY SECTOR STRUCTURE

O5erall fiher% ector

he fi"herie" "e!tor in ;ietnam !an 1e diided in three main "#1 to 2*?39/> here are fo#r main fi"hin area": -#lfof onkin' "hared +ith @hina= @entral ;ietnam= So#th

a!tie off "hore at da& time and near "hore at niht time he#antit& of marine !at!he" taken 1& forein fi"hin 1oat" are not"mall (e"timated of a1o#t *00 000 tonne"E&ear)

.etailed !at!h data are not aaila1le=

LAN!IN/ SITES

here are oer 0 landin pla!e" for me!haniCed 1oat" Bo+eer'

fe+ are f#ll& "#ita1le for lare


4/34

#"e traditional landin "ite" that enerall& hae no "#pport"eri!e" !e "#pplie" are no+ enerall& "#ffi!ient to meet theind#"tr&F" need"' tho#h all plant" prod#!e 1lo!k" +hi!h are le""

effe!tie at fi"h !oolin than the flake i!e no+ #"ed in more

adan!ed fi"herie" $ro!e""in plant" hae 1een e"ta1li"hed in"eeral port" n mo"t port"' "mall< and medi#m


5/34

*3 >inh @#

*4 @a >a

200

200

**

Ginh h#an

*5 $han hiet

*6 $h# I#&

422

*40

*2 Ga Jia < ;#n a#

*7 @at Lo

* Gen .am

*9 Lo! An

290

336

200

*3 ien -ian 20 & ho *95

*4 Gen re 2* Ginh han *0

*5 ra ;inh22 .ai An

23 Lan @ham

*50

*60

*6

So! ran

24 ran .e

370

*7 Ga! Lie# 25 -anh Bao *00

* @a a#26 @a a#

27 >am @an

300

300

*9

ien -ian

2 a! @a#

29 >am .#

30 An hoi

3* ho @h#

500

*30

*35

*

i#re * A map of the main port" in ;ietnam So#r!e: J


6/34

FISHIN/ PRO!UCTION $EANS

n re!ent &ear"' the n#m1er of fi"hin 1oat" ha" in!rea"ed!on"idera1l& in ;ietnam he ;ietname"e !apt#re fi"hin ind#"tr&had a total of * 000 motoriCed fi"hin e""el" +ith a total

!apa!it& of 4 03 000 hp (2003)

Inhore Fiherie


7/34

here i" an an!ient tradition for 1oth !olle!tin and !apt#rin fi"hdire!t from the 1ea!h or in "hallo+ manroe"' e"t#arie"' laoon"and rier delta"' helped 1& the infl#en!e of tidal +ater A ariet&

of "imple' a" +ell a" "ophi"ti!ated' fi"hin ear i" #"ed for

!apt#re of all kind" of fi"h and "hellfi"h "pe!ie" hi" proide" a"#1"tantial amo#nt of protein to the !oa"tal pop#lation .#e tothe in!rea"e in h#man pop#lation' there i" an enormo#" pre""#re

on the"e re"o#r!e"

n"hore fi"her& (#p to 4


8/34

proin!ial oernment are makin "tron effort" to red#!e 1oth"et nettin and trappin' 1oth of +hi!h are enironmentall&damain:

$AIN RESOURCES

here are more than 2 000 "pe!ie" of fi"h' of +hi!h *30 are of!ommer!ial importan!e' * 600 "pe!ie" of !r#"ta!ean' 2 500"pe!ie" of "hellfi"h' and a lot of "ea+eed" he mo"t important

!ommer!ial "pe!ie" ro#p" are "hrimp' t#na' "#id "ea 1ream'"napper"' ro#per" and "mall pelai!" An oer ie+ of main"pe!ie" in the marine !at!he" i" ien in a1le 2 1elo+

a1le 2 ain fi"hin ro#nd" and "pe!ie" !a#ht in ;ietnam

Fihingground

Location !e*th4,7

$ain *ecie

Ga!h Lon ;i *9 30

*07an *6

*0


9/34

*09 *0orth' the main

!olle!tion and trade area" are lo!ated in I#an >inh and Bai

$hon n I#an >inh $roin!e' fo#r area"' @oto "land' h#onai "land' Ba ai "land and Balon @it& are deepl& inoled in

the trade n Bai $hon proin!e' @at Ga "land and Ga!h Lon ;i'1oth propo"ed marine prote!ted area"' are the maKor !olle!tion!enter" o"t reef fi"h are exported lie' often #noffi!iall& thro#htran"fer to @hine"e e""el" at "ea' at @o o "land' @at Ga port

and other lo!ation">

Trah Fih

A n#m1er of the fi"hin ear" #"ed in ;ietnam re"#lt in hih!at!he" of tra"h fi"h ra+ler" ("inle and pair) t&pi!all& land
http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/VNM/profile.htm#F1


10/34

1et+een 50 and 70 per!ent of non


11/34

proram i" limited d#e to "ome rea"on" "#!h a" la!k of "#ita1lefi"hin te!hnoloie"' #nidentified fi"hin ro#nd"' la!k of "killedla1o#r for!e"' diffi!#ltie" in fi"h !on"#mption' inade#a!& of

"eri!e" for the e""el" operated in off"hore area"

de"!ription of mea"#re" and in"tit#tional arranement"applied tomanae the "&"tem anaement mea"#re" ma& 1e !la""ified#nder the follo+in !ateorie":e!hni!al mea"#re": !lo"ed "ea"on=!lo"ed area" (in!l#din marine park")= me"h "iCe !ontrol=

here are no !lo"ed "ea"on" in ;ietnam' 1#t there are !lo"ed area"

he oernment propo"ed to e"ta1li"h *5 marine prote!ted area" of+hi!h 3 hae alread& 1een f#nded and are #nder implementation=Bon #n' @# Lao @ham and @on .ao he aim i" to !on"ere 2, ofthe "ea area of the !o#ntr& 1& 20*0 Bo+eer' een for theirexi"ten!e' the oernment ha" not i""#ed an& re#lation" (;AS$2004)

inim#m me"h "iCe in marine fi"hin ear are "et for 5 "pe!ie""pe!ifi!all&= "ardine' an!ho&' ma!kerel' "hrimp' and lo1"ter Al"o

an in!rea"e in enine po+er in!rea"e" the minim#m me"h "iCe(a1le 3)

a1le 3 &pe of fi"hin ear and minim#m me"h "iCe

No T%*e of fihing gear$ini,u, ,eh ize

4,,7

* Sardine illnet 2

2 a!kerel illnet 90

4Shrimp trammel net 44

Shrimp illnet 44

5 Lo1"ter illnet *20

6An!ho& "eine net= An!ho& S#rro#ndinnet

*0

i"h tra+l

< or e""el hain enine M60 ! 2

< or e""el hain enine from 60 to *50Bp

34

< or e""el hain enine D*50 Bp 40


12/34

9

Shrimp tra+l:

< or e""el hain enine M33 Bp 20

< or e""el hain enine D33 Bp 30

*0 Stationar& net 20

Source: "inistr# o$ Fisheries

In*ut control

np#t !ontrol" are limited to a mode"t n#m1er of ear "iCe and

t&pe re"tri!tion"' 1#t are "eldom enfor!ed d#e to 1#detar&!on"traint" i"hin li!en"e" are impo"ed' 1#t man& fi"hermenappear to inore them Li!en"e" are ranted on the 1a"i" of

"#1mittin a n#m1er of "#pportin do!#ment" "#!h a" e""elin"pe!tion and rei"tration paper" A "mall li!en"e fee'proportional to enine "iCe i" leied he marine !apt#re fi"herie"are open a!!e""' e a li!en"e appli!ation enerall& lead" to a

li!en"e 1ein i""#ed

Out*ut control

he total allo+a1le !at!h (A@) i" "et for fie different area"=onkin -#lf' @entral Jeion' So#th


13/34

4 *02 * 6704

Small pelai! * 7300 694*

.emer"al M50 m 5976 2392

.emer"al D50 m * 5426 6*7*

.eep "ea pelai! 3000 *200

otal 4 *02 * 6704

Source: Fistenet based on R%"F &''( estimateshere i" in fa!t no #ota "&"tem in ;ietnama" there i" free a!!e""to the a#ati! re"o#r!e"

Econo,ic incenti5e

Sin!e *99 the ;ietname"e oernment ha" a poli!& to iepreferential loan" to off"hore fi"hermen to #prade their e""el"to 90 hp and in"tall modern e#ipment and effi!ient fi"hin ear

(+orth 65 million S) he oernment al"o ine"ted in har1o#rinfra"tr#!t#re $riate 1#"ine""e" (in!l#din forein


14/34

2* 000 fi"her" in 4 300 !ooperatie ro#p" in 2 000 and ha""#1"e#entl& ro+n "inifi!antl&

Inland u;

ekon Jier for example proide" more than 30 000 tonne" offi"h ann#all&' landed 1& aro#nd 4 000 fi"her" in 250 !omm#ne"( a"ter $lan) Bo+eer' the Jed Jier delta in the north'+hi!h +a" on!e hihl& prod#!tie' i" no+ almo"t deoid of fi"h'

d#e to exten"ie flood !ontrol and the !lo"#re of flood plain fi"h1reedin and n#r"er& area"*Auaculture u;


15/34

Scientific na,eEnglihna,e

#ietna,eena,e

Current*roductiont 4&''&7

Future*roduction t4;% &'0'7

)angasiusbocourti

Ga"a !atfi"h @a Ga "a QQQ QQQQ

)angasiush#pophthalmus

ra !atfi"h @a ra QQQQQ QQQQQ

)iaractusbrach#pomus

$irapitina @a @himtran

Q QQ

*reochromis "pp ilapia @a Jo phi QQ QQQQ

+#prinus carpio @ommon!arp

@a @hep QQ QQQQ

+larias "pp Walkin!atfi"h

@a re QQ QQQQ

"acrobrachiumrosenbergii

-iantfre"h+aterpra+n

om !anxanh

QQ QQQQ

)enaeidae $enaeid"hrimp

om he QQQQQ QQQQQ

)anulirus ornatus Spin&lo1"ter

om h#m QQ QQQ

Sc#lla serrata #d !ra1 @#a Hanh QQ QQQ

pinephelus "pp -ro#per @a # QQ QQQQ

Rach#entroncanadum

@o1ia @a GopE-io Q QQQ

!utanus "pp Snapper @a Bon Q QQQ

)acrosomusmaor

Jed "ea1ream

@a rap Q QQQ

!utanus "pp A"ian"ea1a""'

1arram#ndi

@a ;#o! E@hem

Q QQQ


16/34

+hanos chanos ilk fi"h @a an 1ien Q QQQ

Q M *000 t

QQ *000


17/34

At pre"ent the area #"ed for inten"ie and "emiorth' pond pol& !#lt#re i" themo"t important farmin "&"tem and !ommonl& "to!ked +ith@hine"e !arp" ("iler !arp' ra"" !arp and 1ihead) he main

fre"h+ater a#a!#lt#re prod#!tion take" pla!e in the "o#th of;ietnam' e"pe!iall& the !ae !#lt#re in the ekon and Ga""a!rier" @ae !#lt#re of !atfi"h RGa"aF' RraF' !ommon !arp' ndian

maKor !arp" (roh#' mrial) and "nakehead are mainl& !arried o#t

in the 1orderin to @am1odia he !#lt#re of pra+n 1&mono!#lt#re "&"tem in ri!e field" i" exten"iel& pra!ti!ed in the

ekon .elta

n re!ent &ear"' red tilapia i" !#lt#red in pond" 1& #"in inten"iemono!#lt#re "&"tem +hile iant pra+n i" !#lt#red in pond" and

dit!he" #"in a "emi


18/34

oether +ith the proram of !apital loan for off"hore fi"hin fleetine"tment' the -oernment al"o approed the OA#a!#lt#redeelopment proram *999


19/34

aro#nd S5 mil from exportin their prod#!t" to ran!e'-erman&' the ' tal&' the >etherland"' the S and Sinaporehe !it& al"o import" !ertain ornamental fi"h from Sinapore'

ai+an and Bon on

POST HAR#EST USEFih utilization

A!!ordin to the ini"tr& of i"herie"' the per!entae #"e of the

marine finfi"h !at!h i" a" follo+": 20, export' 20, fre"h h#man!on"#mption' 25, animal feed and fi"h meal (for lie"to!k anda#a!#lt#re) and 25, fi"h "a#!e0'' tho#h thi" doe" not

!ompletel& refle!t in the prod#!tion fi#re"

Bih al#e prod#!t" +ill 1e "tored properl& iddlemen "ell them

to export pro!e""in plant" or export them dire!tl& to @hina andother !o#ntrie" $rod#!t" !la""ified for the dome"ti! market are#"#all& tran"ferred in froCen tr#!k" to 1i !itie" a" fre"h food or topro!e""in plant" mainl& for dried prod#!t"

A1o#t 40


20/34

oer a +ide area n the north' "inifi!ant #antitie" of fi"h andother prod#!t" are p#r!ha"ed 1& @hine"e aent" #"in !olle!tore""el" A#a!#lt#re prod#!t" follo+ a "imilar path' tho#h "ome

prod#!er" !ontra!t dire!tl& +ith pro!e""in plant" Almo"t all

pro!e""ed a#a!#lt#re prod#!tion (96,) i" de"tined for exporti"h from a#a!#lt#re are often "old lie in lo!al or !it& market"

International ,ar?et

Seafood i" the third maKor export prod#!t of ;ietnam after textileo * (JA*)' Ga! >inh hemain ta"k" are to !arr& o#t "!ientifi! and te!hnoloi!al re"ear!h

in the field of fi"h "eed te!hni#e"' !#lt#re te!hni#e"' fi"h feed'prote!tion of a#ati! re"o#r!e"' fi"hin' pre"eration andpro!e""in of a#ati! prod#!t" a" +ell a" to #ndertake "ome 1a"i!

re"ear!h on ph&"iolo&' 1io!hemi"tr&' e!olo& and eneti!" ofa#ati! "pe!ie" #rthermore' to !olle!t data on enironment anda#ati! re"o#r!e" for form#latin a ma"ter plan in a#a!#lt#re

and related field" and to !ooperate +ith other national andinternational in"tit#te" in the field of fi"herie" nfo on the @en+e1"ite

4Je"ear!h n"tit#te for A#a!#lt#re >o 2 (JA2)' B@ @it& JA2

i" a oernmental in"tit#tion a""ined 1& the ini"tr& of i"herie"

to 1e re"pon"i1le for re"ear!h a!tiitie" on a#a!#lt#redeelopment' po"t hare"t te!hnoloie" and manaement of

enironment and inland fi"herie" re"o#r!e" inthe http:EE+++ria2ornE

5 Je"ear!h n"tit#te for A#a!#lt#re >o 3 (JA3)' >ha ran

he main ta"k" and re"pon"i1ilitie" are= ne"tiatinenironmental and a#ati! re"o#r!e"= Je"ear!h on a#ati! "eed"prod#!tion' a#a!#lt#re' fi"hin' pro!e""in' and a#ati!

re"o#r!e" prote!tion= Appli!ation of adan!ed a#a!#lt#re

te!hni#e" for farmer" in the !oa"tal proin!e" (from .a >an toGinh h#an proin!e) and in the @entral Bihland" ' and

ed#!ation' trainin' te!hni!al tran"fer' and effe!t#atininternational !oo +e1"ite

6 he i"herie" nformation @entre (@en)' Banoi he @entreit" f#n!tion i" the manaement and implementation of a!tiitie"

of information "eri!e" at the leel of the mini"tr& and to "#ppl&!on!rete #idan!e on profe""ional "kill" to informationdepartment" of all in"tit#tion" and aen!ie" #nder the ini"tr& of

i"herie" of ;ietnamhttp:EE+++fi"teneton
http://www.rimf.org.vn/http://netnam.vn/ifephttp://www.ria2.org.vn/http://www.fistenet.gov.vn/http://www.rimf.org.vn/http://netnam.vn/ifephttp://www.ria2.org.vn/http://www.fistenet.gov.vn/


29/34

7 he ekon Jier @ommi""ion (J@)

he J@ mem1er !o#ntrie" are @am1odia' Lao $.J' hailand and;iet >am J@ maintain" re#lar dialo#e +ith the t+o #pper"tate" of the ekon Jier Ga"in' @hina and &anmar he J@

mem1er !o#ntrie" aree to !o


30/34

to the im1alan!e 1et+een ine"tment and maintenan!e andoperation f#ndin in the "e!tor ift& "maller "tand.A' >JA. (in relation to

fi"herie" lei"lation form#lation and po""i1l& implementation) andto a le""er extent S.A' %@A' World Gank' the ekon Jier@ommi""ion' A#"A. thro#h A@AJ and the +hi!h proide"

"ome "#pport to re"ear!h A.G ha" al"o 1een inoled"inifi!antl& in the pa"t he main proram a""i"tin the "e!tor atpre"ent i" the .A>.Aational .ire!torate of i"herie" Je"o#r!e"xploitation and $rote!tion (>A.AJ$)' and the >ational i"herie"I#alit& A""#ran!e and ;eterinar& .ire!torate (>AIA.)

he i"herie" Je"o#r!e" @on"eration .epartment and a "&"temof 37 "#1


31/34

n !oa"tal proin!e"' lo!al fi"herie" admini"tration a#thoritie" arethe $roin!ial i"herie" .epartment" he& are #nit" of the$roin!ial $eople/" @ommittee" and #nder the profe""ional

manaement from the ini"tr& of i"herie" n inland proin!e"'

the fi"herie" admini"tration #nit" are in!l#ded in the $roin!ial.epartment" for Ari!#lt#re J#ral .eelopment

So!ioAS) ;>AS i" a "o!ioo *3*E2004EI.o **2E2004EI.


33/34

"torm"' flood" and other di"a"ter" !on!ernin the "afet& and re"!#eof fi"hin !re+ and fi"hin 1oat"

Je#lation on manaement of the enironment at a#ati! prod#!to57' pp 56

ptensi perikanan vietnam

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