question week 5

8/3/2019 Question Week 5

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Week: 5

Module: Central nervous system and special senses module 9

Name:

Duration:

Upper and lower motor neuron

1. What is the most common cause of upper motor neuron lesion?A. Tumor

B. Trauma

C. Vascular disorder

D. Degenerative disease

2. Which of the following is not the manifestation of upper motor neuron lesion?A. Paralysis at opposite side

B. Widespread of paralysis

C. Paralysis at same side

D. Increase tone

3. All the following are the manifestation of upper motor neuron lesion except?A. Exaggerated deep reflex

B. Babinski sign

C. Muscle status is little wasting

D. Superficial reflexes as abdominal reflex positive

4. All the following are the causes of lower motor neuron lesion except?A. Injury of anterior horn cell

B. Lesion at internal capsule

C. Myasthenia gravis

D. Muscle disease

5. All the following are the manifestation of lower motor neuron except?A. Paralysis at same side

B. Plantar reflex is normal or absent

C. Muscle status is marked wasting

D. Superficial reflex is positive

6. Which of the following is FALSE regarding internal structure of the brain stem?A. Site where main sensory & motor tracts enter and leave the brain

B. Cranial nerves nuclei lies here

C. The structures related here embedded in the reticular formation

D. It is not involved in the control of stretch reflex

7. Choose the correct answers regarding closed medulla at the level of motor decussationI. The outline resemble cervical segments with centrally located central canal

II.Gracile & cuneate tracts which is larger than its tracts

III.Pyramidal tracts include lateral & ventral cortico-spinal tract

IV.Medial longitudinal bundle which is replaced by sulcomarginal tract


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A. I,II

B. I,II,III

C. I,II,IV

D. II,III,I

8. Which is FALSE regarding closed medulla at the level of sensory decussationA. Gracile and cuneate nuclei are large compare to their tract

B. Internal arcuate fibre arise from the two nuclei cross to the opposite side and continue as the

medial longitudinal bundle

C. Hypoglossal nucleus & vagus nucleus are present around the central canal

D. Central canal here present posteriorly

9. Choose the correct answers regarding open medullaI. There is no central canal

II.Consist of 3 bulging masses

III.3 stuctures present at middle include medial longitudinal bundle,medial tectospinal tract & medial

lemniscus

IV.Vestibular nuclei only present on this level

A. I,II

B. I,II,III

C. I,II,IV

D. All of the above

10.Choose the FALSE answer regarding medullaA. Its upper part continuous together with pons where its lower part with the spinal cord

B. Medial cerebellar peduncle connecting it with cerebellum

C. The part that related to central canal is closed medulla

D. It coordinate somato-motor activity

SPINAL CORD TRANSECTION

11.Which of the following can be the cause of spinal cord injury?A. Trauma

B. Ischemia

C. Tumour

D. All of the above

12.All of the following answer is the stages of spinal shock exceptA. Loss of cord reflexes as stretch reflex and flexor withdrawal reflex

B. Loss of all sensations and all voluntary movements above the level of lesion

C. Drop of the arterial blood pressure if the transection is at the level of the first thoracic segment

,but slight drop occur if the lesion is below the second lumbar segment ,due to block of the sympathetic

activity

D. Bladder and bowel control are lost


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13.Which of the following answer is not true about the stage of recovery of spinal cord reflexes?A. Recovery of the spinal reflexes become less powerful compared with normal

B. Micturition and defecation become automatic as in children with residual urine due to weakness

of the reflex

C. The spinal sympathetic vasoconstrictor centers in the lateral horn below the level of transection

regain their activity and send impulses to the arterioles and veins, which regain tone

D. Touch of the patient with relatively noxious stimulus applied to the skin produces a flexor

withdrawal reflex and impulses may irradiate to autonomic centers which lead to provocation of a mass

reflex

14.What is the mechanism that may contribute to recovery of spinal reflex?A. Increased number of postsynaptic receptors

B. Denervation hypersensitivity to the mediators released by the remaining spinal excitatory

ending

C. Sprouting of collateral

D. All of the above

15.Which of the following is not the manifestation of Brown Sequard syndrome on the same side of thelesion?

A. Paralysis of voluntary movement

B. Cutaneous hyperesthesia due to irritation of dorsal nerve root by neighbouring lesion

C. Loss of pain and temperature sensation

D. Loss of dorsal column sensations

Basal Ganglia

16.Which part of caudate nucleus is regarded as suprathalamic?A. Head of caudate

B. Body caudate

C. Tail of caudateD. Amygdaloid body

17.Corpus striatum is formed ofI. Caudate nucleus

II. Lentiform nucleus

III. Amygdaloid body

IV. Claustrum

A. I and II

B. I and III

C. II and III

D. II and IV

18.Which of the following is not related laterally to lentiform nucleus?A. Claustrum

B. Insula

C. Extreme capsule

D. Stria terminalis


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19.Claustrum is separated from lentiform nucleus byA. Internal capsule

B. External capsule

C. Extreme capsule

D. Anterior commissure

20.Which of the following are true regarding amygdaloid body?I. Lies above the posterior horn of lateral ventricle

II. Corticomedial group of nuclei connected with olfactory structures

III. Central nucleus connected with visceral sensory nuclei only

IV. Basolateral group of nuclei forms part of limbic system

A. I and II

B. II and III

C. II and IV

D. III and IV

21.ALL of following present in medulla at the level of motor decussation EXCEPT :A. Spinal trigeminal nucleus and tractB. Internal arcuate fibers

C. Medial longitudinal bundle

D. Rubro-spinal tract

22.The differences between closed and open medulla is :A. Medial lemniscus

B. Pyramid

C. Arcuate nucleus

D. No central canal

23.Which are following TRUE about pontine nuclei in the pons :

I. Appear as scattered masses of grey matter

II.The afferent fibres for these nerve arise from the cerebral cortex

II.They contain pyramidal fibers descending from cerebral peduncle

IV.They contain ponto-cerebellar fibers

A. I AND II

B. I, II AND IV

C. II, III AND IV

D. I,II, III AND IV

24.Which level of pons resembles that of the open medulla:A. Middle level pons

B. Level of four lemnisci

C. Level of facial colliculus

D. Upper level of pons


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25.Which of following FALSE about red nucleusA. Presence in the lower level of midbrain

B. One of extrapyramidal centers

C. It is an ovalmassof grey matter on either side of midline

D. It appears red in fresh section due to rich blood supply

Reticular formation and reticular activating system

26.Which of the following are the functionally associated nervous structures within the mesh ofreticular formation?

I-Vestibular nucleus

II-Red nucleus

III-Rubrospinal tract

IV-Subthalamic nucleus

A. I and II

B. II and III

C. I, II and IV

D. All of the above

27.All of the following are false about reticular neurons EXCEPTA. Reticular activating system relays in specific thalamic nuclei ( intralaminar and mid line nuclei)

B. IRF axons divide into descending branch forming uncrossed medial reticulospinal tract and

ascending branch as RAS

C. Reticulo-thalamocortical pathway only initiates consciousness and alertness

D. Multiple small sized sensory neurons receive impulses from olfactory pathways, vetibular

apparatus, lemniscal pathway in brain stem cerebellum, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus

28.What is factor decreasing RAS activity?A. Stress

B. TumorsC. Thyroid hormone

D. Impulse from sensory pathway

29.Which of the following are the factor increasing the RAS acticity?I-Caffiene

II-Sympathomimetic drugs

III-Impulse from motor cortex

IV-Anaesthetic drugs

A. I and II

B. I, II, and III

C. I, II and IV

D. II, III and IV

30.All of following are true about function of reticular formation EXCEPTA. Adjustment of the spinal reflex which is stretch reflex

B. Regulation of heart rate, blood pressure and respiration

C. Red nuclei modulate pain

D. Regulation of sleep


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31.The following are association fiber EXCEPT:A. Tapetum

B. Cingulum

C. Superior longitudinal bundle

D. Inferior longitudinal bundle

E. Uncinate fasciculus

32.The following are different long association fibers EXCEPT:A. Uncinate fasciculus

B. Cingulum

C. Superior longitudinal fasciculus

D. Inferior longitudinal fasciculus

33.The largest commisure of the brain is:A. Optic chiasma

B. Corpus callosum

C. Internal capsule

D. Corona radiate

34.Concerning the internal capsule, all are true EXCEPT:A. The anterior limb contain frontopontine fibers

B. The caudate nucleus is lateral to its anterior lomb

C. The posterior limb contain projection fiber

D. The anterior choroidal artery shares its arterial supply

E. The genu contain coticobulbar fibers

35.The following is true EXCEPT:A. The retrolentiform part of internal capsule contains optic radiation

B. The genu of the internal capsule contains corticospinal fibersC. The anterior limb of the internal capsule contain frontopontine fibers

D. The thalamolenticular part of the internal capsule contain superior thalamic radiation

Arousal Mechanisms and Sleep

36.All the following are true regarding the types of normal EEG waves except:A. Theta waves have frequencies between 4-7 cycles per second

B. Beta waves oocur during very deep sleep and in brain disorders

C. Alpha waves are most marked in parieto-occipital region

D. Delta waves have frequencies of about 1-3/sec

37.Choose the wrong statement regarding slow wave sleep:A. Dreams do occur and they are not consolidated therefore not remembered

B. Drop in blood pressure,heart rate and increase basal metabolic rate

C. In stage 2 sleep spindles superimposed on the theta waves

D. In stage 4 delta waves become more prominent with low frequency


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44.The following are true EXCEPTI.Calcarine sulcus produce eminence in the lateral wall of posterior horn of lateral ventricle

II.Collateral sulcus produce collateral eminence in the floor of inferior horn of lateral ventricle

III.Fimbria of hippocampus are related inferiorly to the inferior horn of lateral ventricle

IV.Optic radiation and forceps major are related laterally to the inferior horn of lateral ventricle

A. I and II

B. I and IV

C. II and III

D. II and IV

45.The following form the floor of 3rd ventricle EXCEPTA. Optic chiasma

B. Tuber cinereum

C. Anterior perforated substance

D. Mammillary bodies

SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS

46.Choose the correct statements belowI.Benzodiazepines are not the most widely used sedative-hypnotic drugs

II.Benzodiazepines act as anti-anxiety and also induce muscle relaxation

III.Insomniatic patients are being treated by benzodiazepines

IV.In low doses, benzodiazepines can cause hypnosis too

A I , II, III

B II, III

C II, III, IV

D All of the above

47.Barbiturates are most likely be replaced by benzodiazepines because ofI.It has a low therapeutic effectII.It will metabolized its own self causes increase in dose given

III.In some cases, it will depressed respiratory centre and cause fatal

IV.Have tolerance effect after certain time

A I, II, III

B II, III, IV

C I, III, IV

D All of the above

TRUE [A] or FALSE [B]

48.Buspirone is a selective anxiolytic but doesnt act on GABA receptor 49.Flumazenil is an antagonistic drug to benzodiazepine and zolpidem50.Barbiturates poisoning cannot be treated by dialysis


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Answer:

1.C

pg222

6.A 14.D pg225 22.D 30.C pg252 38.D 46.B

pg256

2.C 222 7.B 15.C pg225 23.B 31.A 39.A 47.D

pg259

3.Dpg222 8.B 16.B 24.C 32.B 40.C 48.Dpg258

4.B

pg223

9.D 17.A 25.A 33.B 41.C 49.A

5.D

pg223

10.B 18.D 26.C pg251 34.B 42.D 50.B

11.D pg224 19.B 27.D pg251 35.B 43.B

12.D pg224 20.C 28.B pg 252 36.B 44.B

13.A pg225 21.B 29.B pg 252 37.B 45.C

question week 5

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