Single-phase inverter configurable for use on stand-aloneequipment or grid connected

ELETTRONICASANTERNO

Producing energy directly from the sun using the

“photovoltaic effect”, is particularly interesting if we

consider that the quantity of energy reaching the

Earth from the sun every day is far more

than the world’s energy needs.

The photovoltaic modules (made up of many cells which

exploit this “effect”), connected together in series and

in parallel, exposed to enough sun and connected

to a load, can produce direct current electrical energy.

Problems of a technical and economic nature, such as

the production of energy possible only during the day,

the low conversion yield and cost of the cells, and

instability in changing weather conditions,initially

delayed the exploitation of this type of energy.

The continual technological development, however, is

gradually overcoming these limits and today we can find:

modules with a higher yield, a long life (20-25 years)

and at a lower cost, reliable batteries to enable

the accumulation during the day of energy which

can be used during the night, and highly

reliable inverters with high yields.

Advantages and uses of photovoltaic energyThe advantages of photovoltaic energy generation can

besummarised as follows: no noise or pollution, practically

no maintenance for the entire production plant, size of

the plant adjustable to the user’s real needs.

It can be used in both residential and industrial applica-

tions, in stand-alone or grid-connected modes,

and in a myriad of differentcommercial products.

Residential applications include plants to electrify

mountain refuges, rural and urban homes,

pumping stations,street lighting, etc.

Industrial applications, instead, include power for road

signs and railway signals, radio links, repeaters and,

in general, in all sectors of the telecommunications industry.

Popular commercial products include toys, radios,

watches, etc. powered by solar cells,

which are produced every year inenormous quantities.

fromthe

The inverters of the SUNWAY line are static devices with

a 220-230 Vac single-phase output, completely digitally

controlled, and are supplied in two versions:

• S U N WAY - M, in two sizes of 1.8 and 3 kVA, specially

designed to power a load in a stand alone situation or to

provide energy for the network in grid connected mode.

• S U N WAY - M-gc, in three sizes

of 1.8, 2.5 and 3 kW, designed

for grid connected

u s e .

Sunway - M Line

ELETTRONICASANTERNO

•Design and manufacture comply with the requisites of the “Low Voltage Directive” and the “EMC Directive”.

•Compliance with the CE Standards.

•DC/AC conversion using PWM technology and a MOSFETbridge for high efficiency (yield <0.94) and high reliability.

•Toroidal output transformer capable of guaranteeing total insulation between the grid and the

photovoltaic unit/DC side of the inverter.

•Input and output filters for the suppression ofinduced and emitted interference,

both conducted and irradiated.

•Control of the voltage generated (stand alone) or of the output current supplied (grid connected)

through a 16-bit microprocessor which guarantees a sinusoidal form with extremely low distortion.

•Grid-connected operation at cosϕ=1.

•Programming and monitoring through alphanumeric keyboard or PC

(via RS232 serial interface) for monitoring and programming of the machine parameters.

•Remote monitoring through local networkwith CAN-BUS field bus. This makes the

SUNWAY-M inverters universally applicable: both as single devices working autonomously

and as elements of a large plant containing several Sunway inverters, with supervision of the

operation of each of them from a single central point.

•Card for checking the insulation resistance between input and ground (optional).

•Data Logger for main values (optional).

•Analog inputs (3) - optional - for monitoring of plant values such as ambient temperature, insolation, etc.

(2 of the 3 analog inputs can be transformed into digital inputs - optional).

•A particularly strong metal container suitable for open-air applications.IP 65 protection (1.8-2.5 kVA); IP 55 (3 kVA).

•Connection in three-phase configuration with special electromechanical adapter (only in griconnected mode).

Main characteristics of the Sunway-M and Sunway-M-gc inverters

This inverter is designed for both types of application. The choi-

ce of one or the other is easily made using the keyboard provi-

ded (operation protected by a password) and adjusting the ter-

minal connections.

The double function of the inverter (see block diagram) is

particularly interesting for plants which were originally desi-

gned to work in stand-alone mode and are later reached and

supplied by the electrical grid. In this case, the change in the

configuration allows the photovoltaic modules in the plant to

be still used without the burden of supplementary costs.

The use of carefully selected components, the notable quan-

tity of warning and measuring information provided on the

display (in Italian and in English), the protections incorpora-

ted for both inputs and outputs and a particularly strong con-

tainer designed for applications in the open air, make the

SUNWAY-M inverters extremely reliable and suited to the

uses for which they were designed and manufactured.

S u n w a y - M

ELETTRONICASANTERNO

In stand-alone mode, the inverter is powered by a source of voltage such as a battery.

The purpose of the converter in this case is to generate a sinusoidal voltage of 220-230Vac - 50 Hz.

In order to reduce losses, the inverter goes into “stand-by” when the user has no need for energy.

The insertion of a load causes the inverter to intervene immediately,

and in a fraction of a second the output is adjusted to the nominal value.

SUNWAY-M can also supervise the battery voltage. In fact, if its voltage falls below a certain value the inverter turns

itself off, in order to prevent it being damaged. In the same way, if the battery voltage is too high the inverter comes on,

even without a load, to dissipate the excess energy.

Thanks to the monitoring of the battery by the inverter, in the case

of a flat battery an emergency generator can be turned

on via a clean relay contact to charge the battery, turning

it off again when the battery reaches its maximum voltage.

The on-off commands of the back-up generator are

managed automatically by the SUNWAY-M inverter’s internal

intelligence to guarantee the lowest possible consumption of fuel.

The continual monitoring of the output values, finally,

guarantees optimal protection from overloads and short circuits.

Sunway-M in stand-alone mode

Main Features of the Sunway-M Inverter

in Stand-alone Mode.

• Protection against overloading.

• Load sensor to minimise unnecessary consumption.

• Control of supply voltage to prevent excessive discharge of the batteries.

• Control of a possible emergency back-up generator.

Three-phase and single-phase applications.The Sunway-M-gc and the Sunway-M (in grid-connected mode) can be applied in three-phase con-

nections to make a three-phase generator. The protection devices of each converter guarantee the

safety of the plant in this configuration too.

To enable each machine to perform its MPPT function, the single photovoltaic fields must be separate

and independent.

In the grid-connected mode,

the inverter is connected directly

to the photovoltaic field on one

side and to the electrical grid on

the other.

The primary purpose of the devi-

ce is to use the DC power gene-

rated by the photovoltaic field to

supply alternating current in phase with the grid voltage, enabling the transformation of the electrical

energy coming from the sun into energy which can be used by domestic appliances.

Depending on the levels of insolation and the presence of the grid power at the values envisaged, the

inverter starts up and, after connecting itself to the grid through a switch, starts to pass on the energy

coming from the photovoltaic field to which it is connected.

A microprocessor identifies the maximum power point of the photovoltaic generator corresponding to

the insolation at the time (MPPT, Maximum Power Point Tracking). The tracking involves a rapid trial-

and-error process, and after a few moments the inverter is ready to extract the maximum power from

the generator.

A change in the insolation and consequently in the power produced by the photovoltaic field – either an

increase or a decrease – is immediately noted by the inverter control, which then adjusts the system to

the new power point.

The levels of voltage, frequency and impedance of the grid are constantly monitored in order to ensu-

re safe operations, cutting off the power from the grid if these levels deviate from the pre-set ranges.

A loss of insolation or of the grid causes the inverter to go into “stand-by”, restarting promptly when both

the values return to the levels envisaged.

Use of Sunway-M inverters in parallel.Several Sunway-M inverters can be placed in parallel on the same grid (in grid-connected mode), to

obtain various configurations of photovoltaic power, as each inverter is capable of managing its paral-

lel connection autonomously. To enable each machine to perform its MPPT function, the single photo-

voltaic fields must be separate and independent.

For grid-connected applications, in particular for the “10,000 Photovoltaic Roofs” Programme, we have

developed the Sunway-M-gc model, which is of the same size and has the same characteristics as the

Sunway-M model, but is only for grid-connected applications..

Sunway-M in grid-connected mode

ELETTRONICASANTERNO

Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive

(89/336/CEE and later modifications

92/31/CEE, 93/68/CEE and 93/97/CEE)

Immunity:• Test for immunity to electrostatic discharges in accordance with EN61000_4_2.

Levels:6kV for discharge on contact8kV for discharge in air

• Test for immunity to fast transients in accordance with EN61000_4_4.Levels: 2kV/5Khz PV field side and grid side

2V/5Khz serial RS232• Test for immunity to impulses in accordance with EN61000_4_5.

Levels:1kV +terminal/-terminal PV field side2kV +terminal/ground PV field side2kV -terminal/ground PV field side1kV phase/neutral Grid side2kV phase/ground Grid side2kV neutral/ground Grid side

Conducted emissions:EN55011 group 1 class B

Standards

Via G. Di Vittorio, 3 - 40020 Casalfiumanese - Bo - ItalyTel. +39 0542 687711 - Fax. +39 0542 687722e-mail: salesntd@elettronicasanterno.it - http:www. e l e t t r o n i c a s a n t e r n o . i t

Elettronica santerno declina ogni responsabilità per eventuali danni a persone o cose originati da un improprio o errato impiego dei propri prodotti. Il catalogo è soggetto a modifiche senza preavviso.Elettronica Santerno declines all liability for any damage to people or property caused by unsuitable or incorrect use of its products. This catalog is subject to change without prior notice.

Characteristic

Peak power of the photovoltaic generator (kWp)Nominal power (kVA)Nominal input voltage (Vdc)Range of variation of input voltage (Vdc)(1)

Converter operating range (Vdc)(1)

Reactive power supply capacityTransitory overload at 20 °CTransitory overload or output short circuit at 20 °CSupplied current limitation intervention theresoldEfficiency at Vin= Vnom, 20%Pn, Vout=Vnom includingnetwork compling insulation transformer lossesEfficiency at Vin= Vnom, 75%Pn, Vout=Vnom includingnetwork compling insulation transformer lossesPower dissipated in Stop (without impulses at the bridge) (W)Power dissipated without loadNominal output voltage (Vac)

Output frequency (Hz)Frequency stability (%)Supplied network current cosϕVout static stability, for variations in Vin and Iout from 0 tonominal values (%)Maximum transitory variation in Vout for variations in loadof 30% to 100% (%)Delay in the regulation of Vout to come back to 2% of Vnom (ms)Current ripple frequencyTotal distortion of the output voltage waveform for the wholepower rangeTotal distortion of the output voltage waveform for the wholepower rangeInsulation voltage to groundInsulation voltage to groundDegree of protectionNoise at 1 metre in the 16Hz-20KHz rangeCoolingWorking temperatureStorage temperatureRelative humidityDimensions (lxhxd) (mm)Weight (kg)

Sunway M1201,8 kVA

2,31,8120

99-17099-170

Sunway M1203 kW3,83

12099-17099-170

Sunway M1202,5 kW

3,42,5120

99-17099-170

Sunway M1203 kVA

3,83

12099-17099-170

cosϕ ≥0.5125% Pnom for 10 min

150% Pnom for 10 sec150% Inom

≥0,88 (cosϕ=0,8)

≥0,92 (cosϕ=0,8)

≤12≤40

220 ±5% (adjustable)230 ±5% (adjustable)

50 o 60 (programmable)≤0,5

≤2

≤8

≤100 8

≤3%

≥0,9

≥0,93

≤12

220±10% or 380±10% for three-phase connection230±10% or 400±10% for three-phase connection

50 o 60 (programmable)

≥0,99

16

≤3%

1kV a 50 Hz for 60s2,5 kV a 50 Hz for 60s

IP55 (for 3 kVA) / IP65 (for 1,8/2,5 kVA)<55 45

Forced with radiator temperatur > 50°C (per 3kVA) - Natural (for 1,8/2,5kVA)-10÷+45°C-20÷+50°C

95% a 20°C370x520x350

50

Sunway-M Sunway-M Sunway-MgcStand alone Grid connected

Nominal characteristics Sunway - M

Sunway M1201,8 kW

2,31,8120

99-17099-170

C a b i n e tThe inverter is housed in a metal container for wall mountin g, with degree of protection IP55/65.To enable easier handling of the Sunway-M, four accessory handles are available; these can be applied on the sides ofthe equipment during transport and mechanical installation.

(1) Other voltages on request

ELETTRONICASANTERNO