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ISBN 92-64-01045-9
OECD Employment Outlook
© OECD 2005
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 235
ANNEX A
Statistical Annex
Sources and definitions
Most of the statistics shown in these tables can be found as well in two other (paper or
electronic) publications or references, as follows:
● the annual edition of OECD Labour Force Statistics, 1984-2004;
● the OECD On-Line Labour Force Statistics database that shows both raw data (see
URL: www.oecd.org/scripts/cde/members/LFSDATAAuthenticate.asp) and derived statistics
(www.oecd.org/scripts/cde/members/LFSINDICATORSAuthenticate.asp), and allows free access to
the data.
These publications, which include information on definitions, notes and sources used
by Member countries, include longer time series and more detailed disaggregations by age
group, gender, duration of unemployment, etc., than are shown in this annex.
Sources and definitions for data shown in the statistical annex tables are specified at
the bottom of each table.
Please note that the data on employment, unemployment and the labour force are not
necessarily the same as the series used for analyses and forecasting by the OECD
Economics Department and reproduced in Tables 0.2 and 0.3 of the Introduction of this
publication.
Interested users can refer to the on-line database, which contains data series
describing the labour supply: population, labour force, employment and unemployment
disaggregated by gender and age, educational attainment, employment status and sector
of activity, participation and unemployment rates, statistics on part-time employment and
duration of unemployment. The on-line database contains a number of additional series
on labour market results and on features of the institutional and regulatory environment
affecting the functioning of labour markets. Among these are the following:
● annual hours of work data for comparisons of trends over time;
● gross earnings by percentile for deriving measures of earnings dispersion for full-time
workers by gender;
● gross mean and median earnings of full-time workers by age group and gender;
● statutory minimum wages;
● public expenditure on labour market programmes, number of beneficiaries and inflows
into the labour market;
● trade union density rates in OECD member countries.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005236
Conventional signs
. . Data not available
. Decimal point
| Break in series
– Nil or less than half of the last digit used
Note on the statistical treatment of Germany
In this statistical annex, data up to end-1990 are for western Germany; unless otherwiseindicated, they are for the whole of Germany from 1991 onwards.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 237
ANNEX A
Table A. Standardised unemployment rates in 27 OECD countriesAs a percentage of total labour force
a) For 1990, the data include western Germany; subsequent data concern the whole of Germany.b) For above countries only.Note: In so far as possible, the data have been adjusted to ensure comparability over time and to conform to theguidelines of the International Labour Office. All series are benchmarked to labour-force-survey-based estimates. Incountries with annual surveys, monthly estimates are obtained by interpolation/extrapolation and by incorporatingtrends in administrative data, where available. The annual figures are then calculated by averaging the monthlyestimates (for both unemployed and the labour force). For countries with monthly or quarterly surveys, the annualestimates are obtained by averaging the monthly or quarterly estimates, respectively. For several countries, theadjustment procedure used is similar to that of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor. For EUcountries, the procedures are similar to those used in deriving the Comparable Unemployment Rates (CURs) of theStatistical Office of the European Communities. Minor differences may appear mainly because of various methods ofcalculating and applying adjustment factors, and because EU estimates are based on the civilian labour force. For afuller description, please refer to the following URL: www.oecd.org\std.
Source: OECD (2005), Main Economic Indicators, Paris, May.
Statlink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/134334601045
1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Australia 6.7 10.6 9.5 8.2 8.2 8.3 7.7 6.9 6.3 6.8 6.4 6.1 5.5
Austria . . 4.0 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.0 3.7 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.5
Belgium 6.6 8.6 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.2 9.3 8.6 6.9 6.7 7.3 7.9 7.8
Canada 8.2 11.4 10.4 9.6 9.7 9.2 8.4 7.6 6.8 7.2 7.7 7.6 7.2
Czech Republic . . 4.4 4.3 4.1 3.9 4.8 6.4 8.6 8.7 8.0 7.3 7.8 8.3
Denmark 7.2 9.6 7.7 6.8 6.3 5.3 4.9 4.8 4.4 4.3 4.6 5.6 5.4
Finland 3.2 16.4 16.8 15.2 14.6 12.7 11.4 10.2 9.8 9.1 9.1 9.0 8.9
France 8.5 11.1 11.7 11.1 11.6 11.5 11.1 10.5 9.1 8.4 8.9 9.5 9.7
Germanya 4.8 7.7 8.3 8.0 8.6 9.2 8.8 7.9 7.2 7.4 8.2 9.1 9.5
Greece 6.3 8.6 8.9 9.1 9.7 9.6 11.1 12.0 11.3 10.8 10.3 9.7 10.5
Hungary . . 12.1 11.0 10.4 9.6 9.0 8.4 6.9 6.3 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.9
Ireland 13.4 15.6 14.3 12.3 11.7 9.9 7.5 5.6 4.3 3.9 4.3 4.6 4.5
Italy 8.9 9.8 10.6 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.0 10.1 9.1 8.6 8.4 8.0
Japan 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.4 4.1 4.7 4.7 5.0 5.4 5.3 4.7
Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.0 3.3 3.6 3.7
Luxembourg 1.6 2.6 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.8 3.7 4.2
Netherlands 5.9 6.2 6.8 6.6 6.0 4.9 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.2 2.8 3.7 4.6
New Zealand 7.8 9.5 8.1 6.3 6.1 6.6 7.4 6.8 6.0 5.3 5.2 4.6 3.9
Norway 5.8 6.6 6.0 5.5 4.8 4.0 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.5 4.4
Poland . . 14.0 14.4 13.3 12.3 10.9 10.2 13.4 16.4 18.5 19.8 19.2 18.8
Portugal 4.8 5.6 6.9 7.3 7.3 6.8 5.2 4.5 4.1 4.0 5.0 6.2 6.7
Slovak Republic . . . . 13.7 13.1 11.3 11.9 12.6 16.8 18.7 19.4 18.7 17.5 18.0
Spain 13.1 18.6 19.8 18.8 18.1 17.0 15.2 12.8 11.3 10.6 11.3 11.3 10.8
Sweden 1.7 9.0 9.4 8.8 9.6 9.9 8.2 6.7 5.6 4.9 4.9 5.6 6.4
Switzerland 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.9 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.7 2.6 3.2 4.2 4.4
United Kingdom 6.9 10.0 9.2 8.5 8.0 6.9 6.2 5.9 5.4 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.6
United States 5.6 6.9 6.1 5.6 5.4 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.7 5.8 6.0 5.5
EU-15b 8.1 10.0 10.4 10.1 10.1 9.8 9.3 8.5 7.6 7.2 7.6 7.9 8.0
OECD Europeb 8.0 10.2 10.5 10.1 10.0 9.6 9.1 8.8 8.3 8.2 8.5 8.8 8.8
Total OECDb 6.1 7.8 7.7 7.3 7.2 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.2 6.4 6.9 7.1 6.9
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005238
Tabl
e B
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
sa
Pers
ons
aged
15-
64ye
ars
(per
cen
tage
s)
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tioLa
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
teUn
empl
oym
ent r
ate
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
67.9
69.2
68.7
69.2
69.3
69.5
73.0
73.6
73.7
73.7
73.6
73.6
7.0
6.0
6.7
6.1
5.8
5.5
Aust
ria..
67.9
67.8
68.1
68.2
66.5
..71
.370
.771
.671
.670
.2..
4.7
4.0
4.9
4.7
5.3
Belg
ium
54.4
|60
.959
.759
.759
.360
.558
.7 |
65.2
63.6
64.1
64.3
65.3
7.3
|6.
66.
26.
97.
77.
4
Cana
da70
.370
.970
.871
.472
.272
.676
.676
.176
.477
.478
.278
.28.
26.
97.
37.
77.
77.
2
Czec
h R
epub
lic..
65.2
65.3
65.7
64.9
64.2
..71
.671
.170
.970
.470
.1..
8.8
8.2
7.3
7.8
8.4
Denm
ark
75.4
|76
.475
.976
.475
.176
.082
.4 |
80.0
79.2
79.9
79.4
80.2
8.5
|4.
54.
24.
35.
55.
3
Finl
and
74.1
67.0
67.7
67.7
67.4
67.2
76.5
74.3
74.6
74.5
74.1
73.8
3.1
9.9
9.2
9.1
9.1
8.9
Fran
ce60
.861
.762
.762
.9 |
63.2
62.8
67.1
68.8
68.6
69.0
|69
.469
.59.
410
.38.
68.
7 |
9.0
9.6
Germ
any
64.1
|65
.665
.865
.364
.665
.567
.4 |
71.1
71.5
71.5
71.3
72.7
4.9
|7.
87.
98.
79.
49.
9
Gree
ce54
.8 |
55.9
55.6
57.7
58.9
59.6
59.1
|63
.062
.164
.265
.166
.57.
2 |
11.3
10.4
10.1
9.5
10.4
Hung
aryb
58.0
|56
.056
.256
.257
.056
.864
.4 |
59.9
59.6
59.7
60.6
60.5
10.0
|6.
45.
75.
85.
96.
1
Icel
andc,
d79
.984
.684
.682
.884
.1 |
82.8
82.1
86.6
86.6
85.6
87.0
|85
.52.
72.
32.
33.
23.
4 |
3.1
Irela
nd52
.1 |
64.5
65.0
65.0
65.0
65.5
60.1
|67
.467
.567
.968
.068
.613
.3 |
4.4
3.7
4.3
4.5
4.4
Italy
52.6
53.9
54.9
55.6
56.2
|57
.459
.560
.360
.761
.261
.6 |
62.5
11.5
10.6
9.6
9.1
8.7
|8.
1
Japa
n68
.668
.968
.868
.268
.468
.770
.172
.572
.672
.372
.372
.22.
25.
05.
25.
65.
44.
9
Kore
a61
.261
.562
.163
.363
.063
.662
.864
.264
.765
.465
.366
.02.
54.
33.
93.
23.
53.
6
Luxe
mbo
urg
59.2
|62
.763
.063
.662
.761
.660
.1 |
64.2
64.1
65.3
65.1
64.7
1.6
|2.
41.
82.
63.
74.
8
Mex
icod
58.0
60.9
60.1
60.1
59.6
60.8
59.9
62.3
61.5
61.6
61.2
62.8
3.1
2.2
2.2
2.5
2.6
3.1
Neth
erla
nds
61.1
|72
.974
.174
.573
.673
.166
.2 |
74.9
75.7
76.5
76.4
76.6
7.7
|2.
72.
12.
63.
64.
7
New
Zea
land
67.5
70.7
71.8
72.4
72.5
73.5
73.2
75.3
75.9
76.4
76.1
76.6
7.9
6.0
5.4
5.2
4.7
4.0
Norw
ayc
73.0
|77
.977
.577
.175
.875
.677
.1 |
80.7
80.3
80.3
79.3
79.1
5.4
|3.
53.
54.
04.
54.
5
Pola
ndb
59.9
55.0
53.5
51.7
51.4
51.9
69.4
65.8
65.7
64.8
64.2
64.2
13.6
16.4
18.6
20.3
20.0
19.3
Portu
gal
67.4
|68
.368
.668
.167
.167
.870
.9 |
71.3
71.7
72.0
72.0
72.9
4.9
|4.
24.
35.
46.
87.
0
Slov
ak R
epub
lic..
56.8
56.9
56.9
57.7
57.0
..69
.970
.569
.970
.069
.7..
18.8
19.3
18.6
17.6
18.2
Spai
nc51
.857
.458
.859
.560
.762
.061
.766
.765
.867
.168
.569
.716
.113
.910
.511
.411
.411
.0
Swed
enc
83.1
|74
.275
.274
.974
.373
.584
.7 |
78.9
79.3
79.1
78.9
78.7
1.8
|5.
95.
15.
35.
86.
6
Switz
erla
ndd
78.2
78.3
79.1
78.9
77.9
77.4
79.7
80.5
81.2
81.3
81.4
81.0
1.8
2.7
2.5
3.0
4.2
4.4
Turk
ey54
.548
.947
.846
.745
.546
.159
.452
.452
.352
.351
.151
.58.
26.
78.
610
.610
.810
.6
Unite
d Ki
ngdo
mc
72.5
72.4
72.8
72.7
72.9
|72
.777
.876
.676
.476
.676
.6 |
76.2
6.8
5.6
4.8
5.1
4.9
|4.
7
Unite
d St
ates
c72
.2 |
74.1
73.1
71.9
71.2
71.2
76.5
|77
.276
.876
.475
.875
.45.
7 |
4.0
4.8
5.9
6.1
5.6
EU-1
5e61
.6 |
63.7
64.4
64.5
|64
.6 |
65.0
67.3
|69
.569
.569
.9 |
70.2
|70
.88.
4 |
8.4
7.4
7.7
|8.
0 |
8.2
EU-1
9e61
.3 |
62.7
63.1
63.1
|63
.2 |
63.5
67.4
|69
.069
.069
.3 |
69.4
|69
.99.
0 |
9.1
8.5
8.9
|9.
0 |
9.2
OECD
Eur
opee
61.0
|61
.461
.661
.4 |
61.2
|61
.566
.8 |
67.2
67.1
67.4
|67
.3 |
67.8
8.7
|8.
78.
38.
9 |
9.1
|9.
2
Tota
l OEC
De64
.9 |
65.7
65.6
65.2
|64
.9 |
65.3
69.3
|70
.170
.070
.0 |
69.8
|70
.16.
4 |
6.2
6.3
6.9
|7.
0 |
6.9
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 239
Tabl
e B
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
sa (c
ont.
)M
en a
ged
15-
64ye
ars
(per
cen
tage
s)
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tioLa
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
teUn
empl
oym
ent r
ate
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
78.5
76.6
75.9
76.4
76.4
76.4
84.4
81.9
81.6
81.5
81.0
80.8
6.9
6.4
7.0
6.3
5.7
5.4
Aust
ria..
76.2
75.9
75.3
75.3
73.0
..80
.179
.079
.479
.477
.1..
4.8
4.0
5.2
5.1
5.3
Belg
ium
68.1
|69
.868
.568
.167
.167
.971
.3 |
73.8
72.7
72.6
72.6
72.7
4.6
|5.
35.
76.
37.
56.
7Ca
nada
77.8
76.1
75.7
75.9
76.4
76.7
84.9
81.9
81.9
82.7
83.1
83.0
8.3
7.0
7.6
8.2
8.1
7.6
Czec
h R
epub
lic..
73.6
73.6
74.2
73.4
72.4
..79
.479
.078
.978
.277
.9..
7.4
6.8
5.9
6.1
7.1
Denm
ark
80.1
|80
.780
.280
.279
.779
.987
.1 |
84.0
83.3
83.8
84.0
84.2
8.0
|4.
03.
74.
35.
25.
1Fi
nlan
d76
.769
.470
.069
.269
.068
.879
.676
.476
.776
.276
.175
.53.
69.
28.
79.
19.
38.
9Fr
ance
71.0
68.8
69.8
69.6
|69
.268
.876
.575
.375
.175
.5 |
75.4
75.3
7.2
8.6
7.0
7.8
|8.
28.
7Ge
rman
y75
.7 |
72.9
72.8
71.7
70.4
71.0
79.0
|78
.979
.078
.778
.079
.14.
1 |
7.6
7.8
8.8
9.7
10.3
Gree
ce73
.4 |
71.3
70.9
72.5
73.5
74.0
76.8
|77
.176
.277
.678
.379
.14.
4 |
7.5
6.9
6.6
6.1
6.5
Hung
aryb
64.0
|62
.763
.062
.963
.463
.171
.9 |
67.5
67.2
67.1
67.6
67.2
11.1
|7.
16.
36.
26.
16.
1Ic
elan
dc, d
85.2
88.2
88.0
85.7
86.8
|86
.287
.389
.890
.088
.990
.1 |
89.1
2.4
1.8
2.1
3.6
3.7
|3.
3Ire
land
67.5
|75
.676
.074
.774
.575
.277
.5 |
79.1
79.0
78.3
78.3
79.1
13.0
|4.
53.
94.
74.
95.
0Ita
ly69
.268
.268
.769
.269
.7 |
69.7
75.1
74.3
74.2
74.5
74.8
|74
.57.
98.
27.
47.
06.
8 |
6.4
Japa
n81
.380
.980
.579
.979
.880
.083
.085
.285
.084
.884
.684
.22.
15.
15.
45.
85.
75.
1Ko
rea
73.9
73.1
73.5
74.9
75.0
75.2
76.2
76.9
76.9
77.7
77.9
78.2
3.0
4.9
4.4
3.6
3.7
3.9
Luxe
mbo
urg
76.4
|75
.074
.975
.573
.372
.477
.4 |
76.4
76.1
77.0
75.5
74.8
1.2
|1.
81.
61.
93.
03.
3M
exic
od84
.184
.083
.482
.682
.082
.586
.485
.885
.284
.784
.285
.02.
62.
12.
12.
52.
63.
0Ne
ther
land
s75
.2 |
82.1
82.7
82.9
81.2
80.2
79.7
|83
.984
.284
.884
.283
.95.
7 |
2.2
1.8
2.3
3.5
4.4
New
Zea
land
76.5
78.2
79.1
79.8
79.4
80.8
83.4
83.3
83.6
84.1
83.1
83.8
8.3
6.2
5.4
5.1
4.4
3.6
Norw
ayc
78.6
|81
.781
.080
.278
.778
.483
.4 |
84.8
84.0
83.8
82.8
82.5
5.8
|3.
63.
64.
25.
04.
9Po
land
b66
.961
.259
.257
.056
.757
.476
.471
.771
.570
.870
.270
.412
.414
.617
.219
.519
.318
.5Po
rtuga
l80
.1 |
76.3
76.5
75.7
73.9
74.1
82.8
|79
.079
.279
.378
.579
.03.
3 |
3.3
3.4
4.5
5.9
6.2
Slov
ak R
epub
lic..
62.2
62.1
62.5
63.4
63.2
..76
.877
.476
.776
.776
.5..
19.0
19.8
18.6
17.4
17.3
Spai
nc71
.972
.773
.873
.974
.574
.981
.380
.479
.880
.481
.181
.611
.79.
67.
58.
18.
28.
2Sw
eden
c85
.2 |
76.2
76.9
76.4
75.7
75.0
86.8
|81
.381
.481
.180
.880
.71.
9 |
6.3
5.5
5.7
6.4
7.0
Switz
erla
ndd
90.0
87.3
87.6
86.2
85.1
84.5
91.1
89.4
89.2
88.7
88.6
88.0
1.2
2.3
1.7
2.9
3.9
4.0
Turk
ey76
.971
.769
.366
.965
.967
.983
.676
.976
.175
.174
.076
.18.
06.
89.
011
.011
.010
.8Un
ited
King
dom
c82
.179
.179
.378
.979
.3 |
78.9
88.3
84.3
83.8
83.7
83.9
|83
.17.
16.
15.
35.
75.
5 |
5.0
Unite
d St
ates
c80
.7 |
80.6
79.4
78.0
76.9
77.2
85.6
|83
.983
.483
.082
.281
.95.
7 |
3.9
4.9
6.0
6.4
5.7
EU-1
5e74
.5 |
73.1
73.5
73.2
|72
.9 |
72.9
79.9
|78
.878
.678
.7 |
78.7
|78
.86.
7 |
7.2
6.5
7.0
|7.
4 |
7.5
EU-1
9e73
.5 |
71.7
71.9
71.4
|71
.2 |
71.2
79.3
|77
.977
.777
.7 |
77.7
|77
.77.
3 |
8.0
7.5
8.1
|8.
4 |
8.5
OECD
Eur
opee
74.2
|72
.071
.871
.1 |
70.8
|71
.080
.0 |
78.0
77.7
77.6
|77
.4 |
77.7
7.3
|7.
77.
68.
3 |
8.6
|8.
6
Tota
l OEC
De77
.6 |
76.3
75.9
75.2
|74
.7 |
75.0
82.3
|81
.080
.780
.5 |
80.2
|80
.35.
7 |
5.8
6.0
6.7
|6.
9 |
6.7
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005240
Tabl
e B
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
sa (c
ont.
)W
om
en a
ged
15-
64ye
ars
(per
cen
tage
s)
a)R
atio
s re
fer
to p
erso
ns
aged
15
to 6
4ye
ars
wh
o a
re in
em
plo
ymen
t o
r in
th
e la
bou
r fo
rce
div
ided
by
the
wor
kin
g ag
e p
op
ula
tio
n, o
r in
un
emp
loym
ent
div
ided
by
the
labo
ur
forc
e.b)
Th
e ye
ar19
90 r
efer
s to
1992
.c)
Ref
ers
to p
erso
ns
aged
16
to 6
4.d)
Th
e ye
ar19
90 r
efer
s to
1991
.e)
For
abov
e co
un
trie
s o
nly
.So
urc
e:O
ECD
dat
abas
e on
Lab
our
Forc
e St
atis
tics
(see
UR
Ls a
t th
e b
egin
nin
g of
th
e A
nn
ex).
For
Au
stri
a, B
elgi
um
, Den
mar
k, F
ran
ce, G
reec
e, L
uxe
mbo
urg
an
d t
he
Net
her
lan
ds,
dat
a ar
e fr
omth
e Eu
rop
ean
Un
ion
Lab
our
Forc
e Su
rvey
.St
atli
nk:
htt
p://
dx.d
oi.o
rg/1
0.17
87/0
7751
4107
464
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tioLa
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
teUn
empl
oym
ent r
ate
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
57.1
61.8
61.6
62.1
62.2
62.6
61.5
65.4
65.8
66.0
66.1
66.3
7.2
5.5
6.4
5.9
5.9
5.6
Aust
ria..
59.7
59.8
61.0
61.2
60.1
..62
.562
.363
.963
.963
.5..
4.6
4.1
4.6
4.3
5.3
Belg
ium
40.8
|51
.950
.751
.151
.453
.046
.1 |
56.6
54.5
55.4
55.8
57.7
11.5
|8.
36.
97.
88.
08.
3Ca
nada
62.7
65.6
65.9
67.0
67.9
68.4
68.3
70.4
70.8
72.1
73.2
73.5
8.2
6.7
6.9
7.2
7.2
6.9
Czec
h R
epub
lic..
56.9
57.0
57.1
56.3
56.0
..63
.763
.262
.862
.562
.2..
10.6
9.9
9.1
9.9
10.0
Denm
ark
70.6
|72
.171
.472
.670
.572
.077
.6 |
75.9
75.0
75.9
74.8
76.1
9.0
|5.
04.
84.
45.
85.
5Fi
nlan
d71
.564
.565
.466
.165
.765
.573
.472
.172
.572
.772
.172
.02.
610
.69.
79.
18.
99.
0Fr
ance
50.9
54.8
55.7
56.4
|57
.356
.958
.062
.562
.362
.6 |
63.6
63.7
12.2
12.3
10.5
9.8
|9.
910
.7Ge
rman
y52
.2 |
58.1
58.7
58.8
58.7
59.9
55.5
|63
.363
.864
.264
.566
.16.
0 |
8.1
8.0
8.4
8.9
9.4
Gree
ce37
.5 |
41.3
41.2
43.1
44.5
45.5
42.6
|49
.748
.851
.052
.154
.112
.0 |
16.9
15.6
15.4
14.5
16.0
Hung
aryb
52.3
|49
.649
.849
.850
.950
.757
.3 |
52.6
52.4
52.7
53.9
54.0
8.8
|5.
75.
05.
45.
66.
1Ic
elan
dc, d
74.5
81.0
81.1
79.8
81.2
|79
.476
.883
.383
.182
.283
.9 |
81.8
3.0
2.8
2.5
2.9
3.1
|3.
0Ire
land
36.6
|53
.354
.055
.255
.455
.842
.6 |
55.7
56.0
57.3
57.6
58.0
14.0
|4.
23.
53.
73.
93.
7Ita
ly36
.239
.641
.142
.042
.7 |
45.2
44.0
46.3
47.3
47.9
48.3
|50
.617
.714
.613
.112
.311
.7 |
10.6
Japa
n55
.856
.757
.056
.556
.857
.457
.159
.660
.159
.759
.960
.22.
34.
75.
15.
45.
14.
7Ko
rea
49.0
50.1
51.0
52.0
51.1
52.2
49.9
51.8
52.7
53.4
52.8
53.9
1.9
3.5
3.2
2.7
3.3
3.3
Luxe
mbo
urg
41.4
|50
.050
.851
.552
.050
.642
.4 |
51.7
52.0
53.5
54.5
54.3
2.5
|3.
22.
23.
64.
66.
9M
exic
od34
.240
.139
.439
.939
.441
.335
.741
.240
.441
.040
.542
.84.
32.
52.
42.
52.
73.
5Ne
ther
land
s46
.7 |
63.4
65.3
65.9
65.8
65.7
52.4
|65
.766
.967
.968
.469
.210
.9 |
3.5
2.5
2.9
3.8
5.0
New
Zea
land
58.6
63.5
64.8
65.3
65.7
66.5
63.2
67.5
68.4
69.0
69.2
69.6
7.3
5.9
5.3
5.4
5.1
4.5
Norw
ayc
67.2
|74
.073
.873
.972
.772
.770
.7 |
76.5
76.4
76.7
75.8
75.7
4.9
|3.
23.
43.
74.
03.
9Po
land
b53
.148
.947
.846
.446
.246
.462
.659
.959
.958
.958
.458
.215
.118
.420
.221
.220
.820
.2Po
rtuga
l55
.4 |
60.5
61.0
60.8
60.6
61.7
59.6
|63
.864
.565
.065
.667
.07.
0 |
5.2
5.4
6.5
7.7
8.0
Slov
ak R
epub
lic..
51.5
51.8
51.4
52.2
50.9
..63
.263
.863
.263
.562
.9..
18.6
18.8
18.7
17.8
19.1
Spai
nc31
.842
.043
.844
.946
.849
.042
.252
.951
.653
.755
.757
.724
.720
.615
.316
.416
.015
.1Sw
eden
c81
.0 |
72.2
73.5
73.4
72.8
71.8
82.5
|76
.477
.177
.176
.876
.61.
8 |
5.4
4.7
4.7
5.2
6.2
Switz
erla
ndd
66.4
69.3
70.6
71.5
70.7
70.3
68.2
71.6
73.2
73.9
74.1
73.9
2.6
3.2
3.5
3.2
4.6
4.8
Turk
ey32
.926
.226
.326
.625
.224
.336
.028
.028
.529
.528
.127
.08.
76.
57.
89.
810
.510
.0Un
ited
King
dom
c62
.865
.566
.166
.366
.4 |
66.6
67.3
68.9
69.0
69.3
69.2
|69
.66.
64.
84.
24.
44.
1 |
4.3
Unite
d St
ates
c64
.0 |
67.8
67.1
66.1
65.7
65.4
67.8
|70
.770
.470
.169
.769
.25.
6 |
4.1
4.7
5.7
5.7
5.5
EU-1
5e48
.7 |
54.3
55.2
55.8
|56
.2 |
57.1
54.7
|60
.360
.461
.1 |
61.7
|62
.810
.9 |
9.9
8.6
8.7
|8.
8 |
9.1
EU-1
9e49
.2 |
53.7
54.4
54.8
|55
.2 |
55.9
55.5
|60
.260
.360
.8 |
61.2
|62
.211
.3 |
10.7
9.7
9.9
|9.
9 |
10.1
OECD
Eur
opee
47.8
|50
.751
.351
.6 |
51.7
|52
.153
.6 |
56.5
56.6
57.1
|57
.3 |
57.9
10.8
|10
.29.
49.
7 |
9.8
|9.
9To
tal O
ECDe
52.5
|55
.355
.455
.4 |
55.3
|55
.856
.6 |
59.4
59.4
59.7
|59
.6 |
60.1
7.3
|6.
96.
77.
1 |
7.2
|7.
2
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 241
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
Bot
h s
exes
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es13
.212
.912
.711
.611
.75.
15.
34.
84.
54.
15.
44.
83.
73.
93.
8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s70
.469
.068
.267
.767
.279
.980
.680
.980
.680
.544
.148
.650
.052
.253
.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
61.1
60.1
59.6
59.9
59.4
75.8
76.3
77.1
76.9
77.2
41.8
46.3
48.2
50.1
51.8
Aust
riaUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..6.
07.
27.
511
.0..
3.6
4.4
4.2
4.4
..5.
65.
76.
24.
5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
54.7
55.7
54.8
56.1
..85
.286
.587
.085
.4..
29.0
29.7
30.8
28.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..51
.451
.850
.749
.9..
82.2
82.7
83.4
81.7
..27
.428
.028
.927
.4
Belg
ium
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es14
.5 |
15.3
15.7
19.0
17.5
6.5
|5.
46.
27.
06.
63.
6 |
3.0
3.5
1.7
3.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s35
.5 |
33.6
33.8
33.5
34.0
76.7
|80
.981
.781
.882
.822
.2 |
26.0
26.7
28.5
31.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
30.4
|28
.528
.527
.128
.171
.7 |
76.6
76.6
76.1
77.3
21.4
|25
.225
.828
.130
.1
Cana
da
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es12
.412
.913
.613
.713
.47.
46.
26.
66.
56.
06.
15.
86.
36.
35.
9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s69
.964
.766
.667
.467
.084
.285
.185
.986
.486
.649
.151
.253
.456
.557
.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
61.2
56.4
57.5
58.2
58.1
78.0
79.8
80.3
80.8
81.4
46.1
48.2
50.1
52.9
54.0
Czec
h Re
publ
icUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..16
.616
.017
.620
.4..
7.2
6.5
7.0
7.3
..4.
94.
04.
45.
4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
43.2
40.1
38.1
35.8
..88
.488
.287
.887
.8..
39.0
42.5
44.2
45.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..36
.133
.731
.428
.5..
82.1
82.5
81.7
81.4
..37
.140
.842
.342
.6
Denm
ark
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.5 |
8.3
7.1
9.8
7.8
7.9
|3.
53.
75.
04.
76.
1 |
4.0
4.7
3.9
5.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s73
.5 |
67.2
68.8
65.9
66.4
91.2
|87
.588
.087
.888
.257
.1 |
58.9
60.1
63.1
65.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
65.0
|61
.764
.059
.461
.384
.0 |
84.5
84.7
83.5
84.0
53.6
|56
.557
.360
.761
.8
Finl
and
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es9.
419
.920
.721
.620
.82.
07.
47.
37.
37.
32.
38.
98.
17.
77.
3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s57
.550
.449
.649
.148
.189
.788
.088
.187
.587
.343
.850
.352
.054
.155
.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
52.2
40.3
39.4
38.5
38.1
87.9
81.5
81.6
81.1
81.0
42.8
45.9
47.8
49.9
51.0
Fran
ce
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es19
.818
.018
.9 |
19.0
21.3
7.8
7.7
7.8
|8.
18.
56.
55.
85.
3 |
5.6
6.3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s44
.635
.836
.9 |
37.0
37.5
83.8
86.1
86.1
|86
.586
.632
.932
.635
.6 |
38.3
39.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
35.7
29.3
29.9
|30
.029
.577
.379
.479
.4 |
79.5
79.2
30.7
30.7
33.8
|36
.137
.1
Germ
any
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
5 |
8.3
9.8
10.6
11.7
4.6
|7.
38.
19.
19.
47.
7 |
11.7
10.8
9.7
11.3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s59
.1 |
51.3
49.7
47.4
47.5
77.1
|85
.585
.886
.087
.739
.8 |
42.9
43.3
43.1
44.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.4
|47
.044
.842
.441
.973
.6 |
79.3
78.8
78.2
79.5
36.8
|37
.938
.639
.039
.2
Gree
ceUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
23.3
|28
.026
.125
.726
.55.
1 |
8.8
8.7
8.3
9.1
1.6
|4.
13.
83.
14.
3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s39
.4 |
36.2
36.3
35.2
37.3
72.2
|77
.278
.879
.781
.141
.5 |
39.6
40.5
42.4
41.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
30.3
|26
.026
.826
.227
.468
.5 |
70.4
71.9
73.1
73.7
40.8
|38
.038
.941
.039
.4
Hung
arya
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es18
.8 |
11.2
12.6
13.4
15.5
8.8
|5.
15.
25.
35.
55.
6 |
2.9
3.1
2.8
3.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s43
.6 |
34.6
32.6
30.8
27.9
82.9
|77
.177
.077
.877
.924
.2 |
24.2
26.4
29.8
32.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
35.4
|30
.728
.526
.723
.675
.7 |
73.1
73.0
73.7
73.6
22.9
|23
.525
.629
.031
.1
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005242
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Bot
h s
exes
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Icel
andb,
cUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
4.9
4.8
7.2
8.2
|8.
12.
21.
72.
72.
5 |
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.4
2.1
|2.
7
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s59
.570
.264
.074
.2 |
72.1
90.1
92.3
92.5
91.5
|89
.887
.287
.388
.485
.1 |
84.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.6
66.8
59.4
68.1
|66
.388
.190
.790
.089
.2 |
88.0
85.4
85.6
87.2
83.3
|82
.0
Irela
ndUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
17.7
|6.
27.
77.
68.
112
.5 |
3.2
3.7
3.9
3.9
8.4
|2.
62.
42.
42.
4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s50
.3 |
50.1
49.1
49.6
48.8
68.5
|78
.979
.579
.179
.842
.1 |
47.9
49.2
50.5
50.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
41.4
|47
.045
.345
.844
.860
.0 |
76.4
76.6
76.0
76.7
38.6
|46
.648
.049
.349
.5
Italy
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es31
.527
.026
.326
.3 |
23.5
7.7
7.9
7.5
7.2
|6.
92.
34.
34.
13.
8 |
4.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s43
.537
.636
.335
.3 |
35.6
73.9
75.1
75.8
76.3
|77
.533
.429
.230
.131
.5 |
31.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
29.8
27.4
26.7
26.0
|27
.268
.269
.270
.170
.8 |
72.1
32.6
28.0
28.9
30.3
|30
.5
Japa
nUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
4.3
9.7
10.0
10.2
9.5
1.6
4.4
4.9
4.7
4.4
2.7
5.7
5.8
5.5
4.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s44
.146
.545
.644
.844
.280
.982
.282
.082
.182
.264
.765
.865
.465
.866
.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
42.2
42.0
41.0
40.3
40.0
79.6
78.6
78.0
78.3
78.6
62.9
62.0
61.6
62.1
63.0
Kore
aUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
7.0
9.7
8.1
9.6
10.0
1.9
3.4
2.8
3.0
3.1
0.8
2.1
1.6
1.9
2.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s35
.033
.334
.234
.034
.774
.675
.175
.575
.375
.762
.459
.560
.458
.959
.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
32.5
30.1
31.5
30.8
31.2
73.2
72.6
73.4
73.1
73.4
61.9
58.3
59.5
57.8
58.5
Luxe
mbo
urg
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es3.
6 |
6.3
7.0
11.5
18.3
1.4
|1.
42.
43.
24.
00.
6 |
0.3
0.2
1.2
1.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s44
.9 |
34.5
34.7
29.9
26.2
72.8
|79
.881
.081
.481
.928
.4 |
24.9
27.9
30.4
31.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
43.3
|32
.332
.326
.421
.471
.8 |
78.7
79.1
78.8
78.7
28.2
|24
.827
.930
.030
.8
Mex
icoc
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es5.
44.
14.
95.
36.
42.
21.
61.
81.
92.
31.
01.
01.
31.
01.
2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s52
.249
.748
.447
.248
.365
.968
.969
.669
.571
.354
.652
.653
.854
.455
.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
49.3
47.7
46.0
44.7
45.2
64.4
67.8
68.4
68.1
69.6
54.1
52.1
53.1
53.8
55.0
Neth
erla
nds
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.1 |
4.4
4.6
6.6
8.0
7.2
|1.
72.
23.
14.
03.
8 |
1.5
2.1
2.2
3.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s59
.6 |
73.6
73.9
73.2
72.0
76.0
|84
.284
.785
.186
.030
.9 |
39.9
42.9
45.9
46.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
53.0
|70
.470
.568
.466
.270
.6 |
82.8
82.9
82.4
82.5
29.7
|39
.342
.044
.944
.6
New
Zea
land
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es14
.111
.811
.510
.29.
36.
14.
14.
03.
52.
94.
63.
53.
23.
62.
5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s68
.863
.364
.062
.862
.681
.282
.682
.982
.783
.243
.862
.965
.566
.768
.9
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.1
55.8
56.6
56.3
56.8
76.3
79.3
79.6
79.8
80.8
41.8
60.7
63.4
64.3
67.2
Norw
ayb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.8 |
10.5
11.5
11.7
11.7
4.3
|2.
63.
03.
83.
82.
5 |
1.6
1.8
1.4
1.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s60
.5 |
63.1
64.2
62.6
61.6
85.9
|87
.487
.186
.286
.563
.1 |
68.5
69.7
69.5
68.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
53.4
|56
.556
.955
.354
.482
.2 |
85.1
84.4
82.9
83.1
61.5
|67
.468
.468
.668
.0
Pola
nda
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es27
.841
.043
.943
.040
.811
.915
.817
.517
.316
.97.
19.
710
.511
.211
.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s44
.837
.435
.634
.433
.984
.982
.281
.881
.782
.238
.132
.131
.232
.231
.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
32.3
22.1
20.0
19.6
20.0
74.8
69.3
67.5
67.6
68.3
35.4
29.0
27.9
28.6
28.0
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 243
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Bot
h s
exes
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Portu
gal
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es9.
6 |
9.4
11.5
14.6
15.3
3.8
|3.
54.
55.
76.
12.
1 |
3.2
3.7
4.3
5.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s60
.6 |
47.1
47.3
45.0
43.6
81.5
|85
.285
.485
.986
.348
.0 |
51.7
52.9
53.4
53.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
54.8
|42
.741
.938
.436
.978
.4 |
82.2
81.5
81.0
81.1
47.0
|50
.050
.951
.150
.3Sl
ovak
Rep
ublic
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es..
39.1
37.4
33.1
32.7
..15
.915
.315
.116
.0..
12.3
15.3
13.6
15.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
45.8
43.5
41.2
39.4
..88
.988
.689
.588
.9..
25.4
27.0
28.5
31.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..27
.927
.227
.626
.5..
74.8
75.1
76.0
74.7
..22
.322
.924
.626
.8Sp
ainb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es30
.220
.822
.222
.722
.013
.19.
310
.210
.29.
88.
06.
37.
16.
97.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
54.9
46.8
47.0
47.6
49.2
70.7
76.5
78.1
79.4
80.6
40.1
41.9
42.7
43.8
44.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
38.3
37.1
36.6
36.8
38.4
61.4
69.5
70.1
71.3
72.7
36.9
39.2
39.7
40.8
41.3
Swed
enb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
611
.8 |
12.9
13.8
17.0
1.3
|4.
14.
24.
95.
51.
5 |
5.0
4.7
4.8
4.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s69
.354
.2 |
53.4
52.3
51.5
92.8
|88
.187
.987
.887
.770
.5 |
70.5
71.7
72.5
73.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
66.1
47.8
|46
.545
.142
.891
.6 |
84.6
84.2
83.5
82.9
69.5
|67
.068
.469
.069
.5Sw
itzer
land
cUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
3.2
5.6
5.6
8.5
7.7
1.6
2.1
2.7
3.7
4.0
1.1
1.7
2.0
2.5
3.2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s71
.667
.869
.369
.467
.185
.987
.988
.388
.188
.263
.868
.265
.967
.467
.3Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s69
.364
.065
.463
.562
.084
.586
.186
.084
.884
.763
.167
.164
.665
.765
.1Tu
rkey
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es16
.016
.219
.220
.519
.75.
46.
78.
78.
78.
73.
12.
33.
53.
73.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
54.7
42.1
40.9
38.4
39.3
65.1
59.5
59.8
59.1
59.2
44.1
36.8
36.6
34.0
34.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
45.9
35.3
33.0
30.5
31.6
61.6
55.5
54.6
54.0
54.1
42.7
35.9
35.3
32.7
33.1
Unite
d Ki
ngdo
mb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.110
.511
.011
.5 |
10.9
5.8
3.9
4.1
3.8
|3.
67.
23.
33.
53.
3 |
3.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s78
.068
.268
.667
.6 |
67.4
83.9
83.9
84.0
84.1
|83
.853
.054
.055
.257
.5 |
58.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
70.1
61.1
61.0
59.8
|60
.179
.180
.780
.680
.9 |
80.7
49.2
52.2
53.3
55.5
|56
.2Un
ited
Stat
esb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.2 |
10.6
12.0
12.4
11.8
4.6
|3.
84.
85.
04.
63.
3 |
3.0
3.9
4.1
3.8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s67
.3 |
64.5
63.3
61.6
61.1
83.5
|83
.783
.383
.082
.855
.9 |
60.4
61.9
62.4
62.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.8
|57
.755
.753
.953
.979
.7 |
80.5
79.3
78.8
79.0
54.0
|58
.659
.559
.959
.9EU
-15d
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es16
.3 |
14.0
14.7
|15
.3 |
15.6
6.8
|6.
56.
9 |
7.2
|7.
35.
7 |
6.4
6.1
|5.
7 |
6.3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s55
.3 |
48.8
48.6
|47
.8 |
48.2
78.7
|82
.482
.8 |
83.2
|83
.940
.0 |
41.2
42.5
|43
.9 |
44.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
46.3
|42
.041
.5 |
40.5
|40
.773
.4 |
77.1
77.2
|77
.3 |
77.8
37.8
|38
.639
.9 |
41.4
|41
.8EU
-19d
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es17
.2 |
16.7
17.4
|17
.9 |
18.0
7.4
|7.
47.
8 |
8.1
|8.
25.
8 |
6.5
6.3
|6.
0 |
6.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s54
.0 |
47.0
46.5
|45
.6 |
45.7
79.5
|82
.582
.8 |
83.2
|83
.839
.4 |
40.0
41.2
|42
.6 |
43.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
44.7
|39
.138
.4 |
37.4
|37
.573
.6 |
76.4
76.3
|76
.4 |
76.9
37.1
|37
.438
.6 |
40.1
|40
.4OE
CD E
urop
edUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
16.7
|16
.417
.4 |
18.0
|18
.07.
1 |
7.2
7.8
|8.
0 |
8.1
5.4
|6.
06.
0 |
5.7
|6.
2La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
54.4
|46
.545
.9 |
44.7
|44
.978
.1 |
79.8
80.1
|80
.2 |
80.7
40.4
|40
.441
.5 |
42.6
|43
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s45
.3 |
38.8
37.9
|36
.6 |
36.8
72.6
|74
.173
.9 |
73.8
|74
.138
.2 |
38.0
39.0
|40
.2 |
40.5
Tota
l OEC
DdUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
12.3
|12
.213
.1 |
13.5
|13
.45.
2 |
5.4
6.0
|6.
1 |
6.0
3.9
|4.
74.
9 |
4.8
|4.
7La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
55.5
|51
.450
.7 |
49.7
|49
.979
.2 |
80.2
80.3
|80
.2 |
80.6
49.2
|50
.651
.7 |
52.6
|53
.1Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s48
.7 |
45.1
44.1
|43
.0 |
43.2
75.1
|75
.975
.5 |
75.3
|75
.747
.3 |
48.2
49.1
|50
.1 |
50.7
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005244
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Men
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es13
.913
.613
.612
.012
.24.
95.
64.
84.
43.
96.
35.
64.
84.
14.
2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s73
.070
.669
.669
.068
.393
.190
.090
.189
.389
.163
.259
.961
.063
.364
.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
62.8
61.0
60.2
60.8
59.9
88.5
85.0
85.8
85.4
85.7
59.2
56.6
58.1
60.7
61.7
Aust
riaUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..6.
27.
78.
111
.3..
3.4
4.6
4.4
4.3
..5.
76.
77.
34.
7
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
59.3
60.5
59.7
61.2
..93
.593
.994
.391
.4..
40.2
40.8
42.3
38.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..55
.655
.954
.954
.3..
90.3
89.6
90.1
87.4
..37
.938
.039
.236
.8
Belg
ium
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.1 |
14.3
16.0
20.1
15.8
4.0
|4.
85.
46.
66.
03.
1 |
3.9
3.3
1.8
4.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s37
.0 |
37.2
37.3
38.1
35.8
92.2
|90
.991
.290
.491
.135
.4 |
36.6
36.3
39.4
41.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
33.3
|31
.831
.330
.430
.288
.5 |
86.5
86.2
84.4
85.7
34.3
|35
.135
.138
.739
.3
Cana
da
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es13
.614
.515
.315
.314
.97.
26.
36.
96.
66.
16.
36.
06.
66.
96.
1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s72
.466
.167
.868
.367
.993
.191
.191
.591
.691
.664
.060
.963
.165
.366
.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
62.6
56.6
57.4
57.9
57.8
86.4
85.3
85.2
85.6
86.0
60.0
57.3
58.9
60.8
62.0
Czec
h Re
publ
icUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..16
.015
.116
.621
.1..
5.5
4.9
5.0
5.6
..4.
43.
54.
04.
9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
48.2
44.8
42.1
40.0
..95
.094
.994
.594
.6..
55.0
59.4
59.9
60.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..40
.538
.035
.131
.6..
89.7
90.2
89.7
89.2
..52
.657
.357
.557
.2
Denm
ark
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.4 |
7.3
8.8
10.6
8.5
7.5
|2.
93.
34.
44.
45.
1 |
4.0
5.0
4.0
5.5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s76
.5 |
69.4
70.6
68.1
69.0
94.5
|91
.491
.792
.091
.369
.1 |
65.6
67.6
70.8
73.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
67.8
|64
.364
.460
.963
.187
.4 |
88.8
88.7
88.0
87.3
65.6
|63
.064
.268
.069
.3
Finl
and
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.419
.620
.921
.722
.22.
56.
97.
47.
57.
01.
88.
98.
27.
97.
6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s58
.150
.048
.848
.547
.492
.991
.090
.690
.190
.047
.151
.252
.655
.855
.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
52.1
40.2
38.6
38.0
36.9
90.6
84.7
84.0
83.3
83.7
46.3
46.7
48.3
51.4
51.5
Fran
ce
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es16
.816
.017
.5 |
18.1
20.8
5.7
6.0
6.7
|7.
17.
46.
05.
55.
9 |
6.2
5.5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s47
.739
.241
.0 |
40.6
41.4
95.6
94.0
93.9
|93
.793
.639
.336
.940
.5 |
42.3
44.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
39.7
32.9
33.9
|33
.232
.890
.188
.387
.6 |
87.0
86.7
37.0
34.9
38.1
|39
.741
.9
Germ
any
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
0 |
9.3
11.4
12.3
13.3
3.7
|7.
18.
29.
49.
87.
0 |
11.1
10.3
9.4
10.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s61
.2 |
54.3
52.3
49.9
52.2
90.2
|93
.593
.393
.093
.355
.9 |
52.2
52.6
52.0
54.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
58.7
|49
.346
.443
.845
.386
.9 |
86.9
85.6
84.2
84.2
52.0
|46
.447
.247
.148
.8
Gree
ceUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
15.1
|21
.019
.018
.018
.73.
2 |
5.5
5.4
5.2
5.4
1.8
|4.
13.
53.
04.
0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s44
.1 |
38.5
39.6
38.9
40.4
94.3
|94
.094
.394
.294
.759
.5 |
57.0
57.3
60.1
58.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
37.4
|30
.432
.131
.932
.991
.3 |
88.8
89.1
89.3
89.6
58.4
|54
.655
.358
.356
.3
Hung
arya
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es22
.0 |
12.2
13.2
13.8
16.2
9.6
|5.
75.
45.
55.
35.
6 |
3.7
3.9
2.9
3.2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s47
.5 |
39.2
36.0
34.4
31.4
89.9
|84
.284
.384
.885
.035
.3 |
35.4
36.9
39.0
39.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
37.1
|34
.431
.229
.726
.381
.3 |
79.4
79.7
80.1
80.5
33.3
|34
.135
.437
.938
.4
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 245
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Men
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Icel
andb,
cUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
5.8
5.4
9.7
9.4
|9.
31.
81.
32.
52.
4 |
1.9
1.0
2.0
1.7
2.9
|2.
9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s60
.170
.365
.475
.5 |
71.8
97.0
96.3
96.6
94.8
|94
.293
.592
.891
.590
.2 |
89.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.6
66.6
59.0
68.5
|65
.195
.295
.094
.292
.5 |
92.4
92.6
91.0
89.9
87.6
|87
.1
Irela
ndUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
19.0
|6.
48.
78.
68.
712
.0 |
3.4
4.1
4.4
4.5
8.5
|2.
62.
52.
62.
9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s53
.2 |
55.1
53.1
53.4
52.8
91.8
|91
.891
.390
.991
.765
.0 |
66.4
66.8
66.5
66.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
43.1
|51
.548
.548
.848
.280
.9 |
88.7
87.6
87.0
87.6
59.5
|64
.665
.164
.864
.7
Italy
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es26
.223
.222
.623
.0 |
20.7
4.8
5.8
5.6
5.4
|5.
22.
24.
44.
03.
6 |
4.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s46
.142
.441
.440
.5 |
39.3
94.1
90.7
91.0
91.5
|91
.353
.042
.342
.944
.4 |
44.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
34.0
32.6
32.0
31.2
|31
.289
.685
.586
.086
.5 |
86.5
51.9
40.4
41.2
42.8
|42
.2
Japa
nUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
4.5
10.7
11.3
11.6
10.6
1.4
4.2
4.7
4.6
4.3
3.4
7.0
7.1
6.7
5.3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s43
.446
.546
.245
.244
.097
.596
.996
.596
.496
.283
.383
.482
.883
.082
.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
41.4
41.6
41.0
40.0
39.4
96.2
92.8
92.0
92.0
92.1
80.4
77.5
76.8
77.4
78.1
Kore
aUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
9.5
12.1
9.9
11.3
11.7
2.5
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.4
1.2
2.9
2.1
2.4
2.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s28
.427
.628
.428
.028
.694
.691
.691
.791
.991
.677
.271
.773
.772
.673
.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
25.7
24.3
25.6
24.8
25.3
92.2
87.9
88.7
88.9
88.4
76.3
69.6
72.1
70.8
71.6
Luxe
mbo
urg
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es2.
7 |
7.1
5.3
10.7
13.7
1.0
|1.
11.
82.
62.
70.
6 |
0.5
0.3
0.8
1.5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s45
.7 |
36.8
38.2
30.3
27.0
95.0
|94
.295
.094
.595
.243
.2 |
35.5
37.7
39.4
39.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
44.5
|34
.236
.127
.123
.394
.0 |
93.2
93.3
92.0
92.5
42.9
|35
.337
.639
.138
.5
Mex
icoc
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es5.
23.
64.
54.
95.
61.
51.
61.
82.
02.
31.
01.
21.
71.
21.
3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s71
.266
.264
.463
.064
.796
.896
.296
.296
.296
.485
.980
.481
.181
.081
.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
67.5
63.8
61.5
59.9
61.0
95.4
94.6
94.5
94.3
94.3
85.1
79.5
79.7
80.0
80.5
Neth
erla
nds
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.3 |
4.2
4.3
6.7
7.9
4.9
|1.
41.
93.
03.
72.
8 |
1.7
2.3
2.2
3.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s60
.0 |
74.7
75.1
73.7
72.2
93.4
|94
.093
.893
.693
.745
.8 |
51.4
56.2
58.7
58.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
53.8
|71
.571
.868
.766
.588
.8 |
92.7
92.0
90.7
90.2
44.5
|50
.554
.957
.456
.4
New
Zea
land
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es14
.812
.111
.610
.18.
76.
64.
03.
83.
22.
55.
04.
03.
23.
42.
4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s72
.766
.366
.865
.465
.993
.591
.391
.591
.091
.656
.874
.377
.376
.278
.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
61.9
58.3
59.1
58.8
60.1
87.4
87.6
88.0
88.1
89.4
54.0
71.3
74.8
73.6
76.4
Norw
ayb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es12
.4 |
10.6
12.4
12.7
12.6
4.7
|2.
73.
24.
34.
33.
0 |
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s63
.9 |
64.8
64.7
63.2
61.9
92.3
|91
.491
.089
.990
.172
.8 |
73.6
74.0
74.7
74.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.0
|57
.956
.655
.254
.188
.0 |
88.9
88.1
86.0
86.2
70.7
|72
.372
.873
.573
.2
Pola
nda
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es25
.940
.143
.542
.139
.010
.614
.216
.516
.516
.07.
910
.411
.212
.012
.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s49
.240
.539
.138
.237
.791
.588
.087
.687
.488
.048
.141
.540
.341
.841
.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
36.5
24.2
22.1
22.1
23.0
81.8
75.5
73.1
73.0
74.0
44.3
37.1
35.8
36.8
36.0
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005246
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Men
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Portu
gal
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es7.
1 |
7.3
9.7
12.6
13.5
2.3
|2.
73.
54.
95.
12.
2 |
3.2
3.7
4.8
6.0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s66
.5 |
52.1
52.3
48.5
47.6
94.3
|92
.792
.692
.592
.266
.5 |
63.3
63.5
64.7
62.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
61.8
|48
.347
.242
.441
.292
.1 |
90.2
89.4
88.0
87.4
65.0
|61
.361
.261
.659
.1Sl
ovak
Rep
ublic
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es..
41.8
38.9
34.3
34.2
..16
.014
.914
.514
.6..
12.6
15.6
14.7
15.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
50.2
47.7
45.2
43.1
..94
.093
.494
.193
.7..
43.0
46.3
48.1
51.9
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..29
.229
.229
.728
.4..
79.0
79.5
80.5
80.0
..37
.639
.141
.043
.8Sp
ainb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es23
.216
.118
.419
.418
.79.
36.
36.
86.
96.
98.
35.
65.
95.
86.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
61.8
52.7
52.4
53.1
54.8
94.4
91.6
92.1
92.4
92.5
62.5
61.4
62.2
62.9
62.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
47.5
44.2
42.8
42.8
44.5
85.7
85.9
85.8
86.0
86.1
57.3
57.9
58.6
59.3
58.9
Swed
enb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
812
.9 |
13.8
14.7
17.8
1.3
|4.
34.
65.
35.
71.
3 |
5.4
5.3
5.8
5.8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s69
.554
.2 |
53.2
52.0
51.4
94.7
|90
.590
.290
.190
.175
.5 |
73.5
74.8
75.4
76.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
66.2
47.2
|45
.844
.342
.293
.5 |
86.6
86.0
85.3
85.0
74.5
|69
.670
.871
.171
.6Sw
itzer
land
cUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
3.0
5.7
7.2
8.3
8.0
0.8
1.0
2.2
3.4
3.5
1.4
1.8
2.1
2.5
3.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s72
.968
.670
.470
.568
.297
.896
.396
.095
.695
.786
.482
.478
.979
.779
.1Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s70
.764
.765
.464
.762
.797
.095
.393
.992
.492
.385
.281
.077
.377
.776
.7Tu
rkey
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es16
.617
.220
.321
.520
.15.
27.
19.
08.
99.
04.
03.
14.
65.
04.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
71.8
56.3
53.3
50.6
53.1
94.2
88.7
88.2
87.7
89.2
61.3
52.7
50.8
47.1
49.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.9
46.7
42.4
39.7
42.5
89.3
82.4
80.2
79.9
81.1
58.8
51.1
48.5
44.7
47.0
Unite
d Ki
ngdo
mb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.112
.012
.913
.2 |
11.8
5.6
4.1
4.4
4.2
|3.
88.
44.
34.
34.
3 |
3.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s83
.572
.072
.371
.1 |
70.2
94.8
91.3
91.2
91.4
|91
.068
.164
.465
.067
.9 |
68.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
74.2
63.4
63.0
61.7
|61
.989
.587
.687
.287
.6 |
87.5
62.4
61.6
62.1
65.0
|65
.4Un
ited
Stat
esb
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.6 |
11.4
12.8
13.4
12.6
4.6
|3.
74.
85.
24.
63.
8 |
3.3
4.3
4.5
3.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s71
.8 |
67.0
65.5
63.9
63.6
93.4
|91
.391
.090
.690
.567
.8 |
68.3
69.2
68.7
68.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
63.5
|59
.457
.155
.355
.589
.1 |
87.9
86.6
85.9
86.3
65.2
|66
.066
.365
.666
.0EU
-15d
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es14
.2 |
13.2
14.4
|15
.2 |
15.3
5.2
|5.
46.
0 |
6.4
|6.
55.
7 |
6.3
6.1
|5.
8 |
6.2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s58
.9 |
52.6
52.4
|51
.4 |
51.8
93.6
|92
.492
.4 |
92.4
|92
.455
.4 |
51.9
53.1
|54
.4 |
55.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
50.5
|45
.644
.9 |
43.6
|43
.988
.7 |
87.4
86.9
|86
.5 |
86.4
52.3
|48
.649
.8 |
51.3
|51
.8EU
-19d
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es15
.2 |
16.0
17.2
|17
.8 |
17.7
5.8
|6.
36.
9 |
7.3
|7.
35.
9 |
6.5
6.4
|6.
1 |
6.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s57
.7 |
50.8
50.3
|49
.2 |
49.4
93.3
|91
.991
.9 |
91.9
|91
.954
.3 |
50.9
52.0
|53
.3 |
54.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
48.9
|42
.641
.6 |
40.5
|40
.687
.9 |
86.1
85.5
|85
.2 |
85.1
51.1
|47
.548
.7 |
50.1
|50
.4OE
CD E
urop
edUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
15.2
|16
.017
.5 |
18.2
|17
.95.
7 |
6.3
7.1
|7.
4 |
7.5
5.5
|6.
16.
1 |
5.9
|6.
3La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
60.0
|52
.151
.2 |
49.8
|50
.493
.5 |
91.6
91.5
|91
.4 |
91.6
55.5
|51
.752
.5 |
53.5
|54
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s50
.8 |
43.8
42.2
|40
.8 |
41.4
88.2
|85
.885
.0 |
84.6
|84
.752
.5 |
48.6
49.3
|50
.3 |
50.8
Tota
l OEC
DdUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
11.8
|12
.313
.5 |
13.9
|13
.64.
4 |
4.9
5.6
|5.
8 |
5.7
4.3
|5.
15.
4 |
5.2
|5.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
60.8
|56
.455
.6 |
54.4
|54
.894
.2 |
92.4
92.3
|92
.1 |
92.1
65.0
|62
.863
.6 |
64.2
|64
.7Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s53
.7 |
49.5
48.1
|46
.8 |
47.4
90.0
|87
.887
.1 |
86.7
|86
.962
.2 |
59.5
60.2
|60
.8 |
61.5
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 247
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Wo
men
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Aust
ralia
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es12
.412
.211
.811
.111
.15.
55.
04.
84.
74.
33.
03.
31.
93.
53.
3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s67
.767
.466
.866
.366
.266
.671
.471
.972
.072
.024
.937
.038
.840
.843
.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.3
59.2
58.9
58.9
58.8
62.9
67.8
68.4
68.6
68.9
24.2
35.7
38.0
39.4
41.7
Aust
riaUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..5.
86.
66.
810
.7..
3.8
4.3
3.9
4.4
..5.
23.
84.
14.
1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
50.1
51.0
49.9
51.1
..76
.979
.179
.879
.4..
18.3
19.3
20.0
19.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..47
.247
.746
.545
.6..
74.0
75.8
76.7
75.8
..17
.418
.619
.118
.5
Belg
ium
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es19
.2 |
16.6
15.2
17.5
19.5
10.3
|6.
17.
27.
47.
45.
0 |
0.9
3.8
1.3
2.8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s34
.1 |
30.0
30.2
28.8
32.2
60.8
|70
.772
.073
.174
.39.
9 |
15.8
17.4
18.0
21.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
27.5
|25
.025
.723
.825
.954
.5 |
66.4
66.8
67.7
68.8
9.4
|15
.616
.717
.721
.2
Cana
da
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.011
.111
.711
.911
.87.
66.
06.
26.
35.
95.
85.
65.
85.
55.
7
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s67
.363
.265
.366
.466
.175
.479
.180
.481
.181
.634
.841
.843
.947
.949
.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.9
56.2
57.6
58.5
58.4
69.7
74.3
75.4
75.9
76.8
32.8
39.4
41.4
45.3
46.2
Czec
h Re
publ
icUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..17
.317
.318
.819
.5..
9.1
8.3
9.3
9.3
..5.
84.
95.
26.
2
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
38.0
35.3
34.0
31.5
..81
.881
.481
.080
.9..
24.6
27.3
30.0
31.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
..31
.529
.227
.625
.4..
74.3
74.6
73.5
73.4
..23
.226
.028
.429
.4
Denm
ark
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.6 |
9.3
5.2
9.0
7.1
8.4
|4.
14.
25.
65.
17.
5 |
4.0
4.2
3.8
5.8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s70
.4 |
65.0
67.0
63.6
63.9
87.8
|83
.584
.483
.684
.945
.9 |
51.9
52.1
55.2
57.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
62.2
|59
.063
.557
.959
.480
.3 |
80.1
80.8
78.9
80.6
42.4
|49
.849
.953
.154
.2
Finl
and
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es8.
320
.220
.521
.519
.41.
58.
07.
37.
07.
62.
88.
88.
17.
67.
0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s56
.950
.850
.549
.748
.786
.485
.085
.484
.884
.640
.849
.551
.452
.454
.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
52.2
40.5
40.1
39.0
39.3
85.1
78.2
79.1
78.8
78.1
39.7
45.1
47.3
48.5
50.4
Fran
ce
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es23
.020
.520
.8 |
20.1
22.0
10.6
9.7
9.0
|9.
29.
87.
26.
34.
6 |
5.0
7.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s41
.632
.332
.7 |
33.3
33.5
72.2
78.4
78.6
|79
.479
.826
.928
.531
.0 |
34.5
35.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
32.0
25.6
25.9
|26
.626
.164
.670
.871
.5 |
72.1
72.0
25.0
26.7
29.6
|32
.732
.5
Germ
any
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es5.
0 |
7.1
8.0
8.6
9.7
6.0
|7.
58.
08.
89.
09.
1 |
12.6
11.7
10.1
12.0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s56
.8 |
48.1
47.0
44.9
42.6
63.4
|77
.478
.178
.982
.024
.7 |
33.6
34.1
34.3
33.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
54.0
|44
.743
.241
.138
.559
.6 |
71.6
71.8
72.0
74.6
22.4
|29
.430
.130
.929
.8
Gree
ceUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
32.6
|35
.734
.735
.235
.78.
6 |
13.5
13.6
12.9
14.4
1.2
|4.
04.
53.
55.
1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s35
.3 |
33.9
33.0
31.4
34.1
51.5
|61
.363
.465
.167
.524
.3 |
23.7
25.3
26.2
25.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
23.8
|21
.821
.520
.321
.947
.1 |
53.0
54.8
56.8
57.8
24.0
|22
.724
.225
.324
.0
Hung
arya
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es15
.0 |
10.0
11.9
12.9
14.4
7.8
|4.
54.
95.
05.
65.
6 |
1.4
1.9
2.7
2.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s39
.7 |
29.9
29.2
27.2
24.3
76.2
|70
.169
.971
.071
.015
.1 |
15.1
18.0
22.4
25.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
33.7
|26
.925
.823
.720
.870
.2 |
67.0
66.5
67.4
67.0
14.3
|14
.917
.621
.825
.0
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005248
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Wo
men
(per
cen
tage
s)
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Icel
andb,
cUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
3.9
4.3
4.4
7.0
|6.
82.
62.
22.
92.
5 |
2.0
3.4
1.9
1.0
1.3
|2.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
58.8
70.0
62.6
72.8
|72
.583
.088
.188
.388
.1 |
85.3
81.1
81.7
85.3
80.0
|78
.8Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s56
.567
.059
.867
.7 |
67.5
80.8
86.2
85.7
85.9
|83
.678
.380
.284
.478
.9 |
76.9
Irela
ndUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
16.1
|5.
86.
56.
57.
413
.5 |
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.1
8.3
|2.
72.
22.
01.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
47.3
|44
.944
.945
.744
.645
.4 |
66.1
67.8
67.4
67.9
19.9
|29
.231
.434
.134
.5Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s39
.6 |
42.3
41.9
42.7
41.3
39.3
|64
.165
.665
.165
.818
.2 |
28.4
30.7
33.5
34.0
Italy
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es37
.832
.231
.430
.9 |
27.2
12.8
11.1
10.5
10.0
|9.
22.
64.
14.
44.
3 |
4.0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s40
.832
.631
.029
.9 |
31.7
53.9
59.3
60.3
60.9
|63
.615
.516
.918
.119
.3 |
20.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
25.4
22.1
21.2
20.6
|23
.147
.152
.854
.054
.9 |
57.8
15.2
16.2
17.3
18.5
|19
.6Ja
pan
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
18.
78.
78.
78.
32.
14.
75.
24.
94.
51.
43.
73.
63.
73.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
44.8
46.4
44.8
44.4
44.3
64.2
67.3
67.4
67.7
68.1
47.2
49.2
48.8
49.3
50.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
43.0
42.4
41.0
40.5
40.6
62.9
64.1
63.9
64.4
65.0
46.5
47.3
47.1
47.5
48.6
Kore
aUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
5.5
8.1
6.9
8.5
8.9
0.9
2.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
0.3
0.9
0.8
1.1
1.3
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s40
.738
.239
.239
.439
.954
.258
.258
.958
.359
.549
.648
.248
.045
.946
.5Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s38
.535
.136
.536
.036
.353
.756
.857
.756
.858
.049
.447
.847
.645
.445
.9Lu
xem
bour
gUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
4.7
|5.
49.
012
.423
.42.
0 |
1.9
3.2
4.0
5.7
0.6
|0.
00.
02.
01.
9La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
44.0
|32
.131
.229
.425
.549
.7 |
65.0
66.7
68.0
68.5
13.8
|14
.418
.121
.323
.3Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s42
.0 |
30.3
28.4
25.7
19.5
48.7
|63
.864
.565
.364
.613
.7 |
14.4
18.1
20.9
22.9
Mex
icoc
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es5.
85.
05.
66.
27.
83.
81.
71.
61.
82.
31.
00.
50.
30.
31.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
34.5
34.3
33.3
31.9
32.7
38.2
45.3
46.5
46.4
49.5
24.4
27.6
29.2
30.1
32.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
32.5
32.6
31.4
29.9
30.1
36.8
44.6
45.8
45.5
48.3
24.2
27.4
29.1
30.0
31.7
Neth
erla
nds
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.9 |
4.5
4.8
6.5
8.1
10.9
|2.
12.
53.
34.
46.
3 |
1.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s59
.2 |
72.4
72.7
72.7
71.8
57.9
|74
.275
.476
.578
.016
.8 |
28.3
29.4
32.9
33.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
52.2
|69
.269
.268
.065
.951
.6 |
72.6
73.5
74.0
74.5
15.8
|28
.029
.032
.232
.5Ne
w Z
eala
ndUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
13.2
11.5
11.4
10.4
10.1
5.4
4.1
4.2
3.9
3.3
4.1
2.8
3.3
3.8
2.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s64
.960
.261
.060
.059
.369
.274
.574
.974
.975
.230
.751
.853
.957
.559
.6Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s56
.353
.354
.153
.853
.365
.571
.471
.772
.072
.729
.450
.352
.155
.358
.1No
rway
bUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
11.0
|10
.310
.510
.710
.73.
9 |
2.5
2.8
3.3
3.3
1.9
|1.
41.
91.
20.
6La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
56.9
|61
.363
.862
.061
.379
.2 |
83.3
82.9
82.3
82.8
53.9
|63
.265
.364
.363
.1Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s50
.7 |
55.0
57.1
55.4
54.7
76.1
|81
.280
.679
.680
.052
.8 |
62.3
64.0
63.5
62.7
Pola
nda
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es30
.142
.044
.444
.343
.313
.517
.618
.718
.318
.06.
08.
79.
610
.29.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
40.4
34.4
32.2
30.5
29.9
78.4
76.5
76.1
76.1
76.4
29.6
24.1
23.3
23.9
23.3
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
28.2
20.0
17.9
17.0
17.0
67.7
63.1
61.9
62.1
62.7
27.8
22.0
21.1
21.5
21.0
Portu
gal
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es12
.8 |
12.2
13.9
16.9
17.6
5.8
|4.
45.
66.
77.
11.
8 |
3.2
3.7
3.7
5.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s54
.4 |
42.0
42.2
41.3
39.5
69.4
|78
.178
.379
.680
.632
.3 |
41.5
43.5
43.5
44.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
47.5
|36
.936
.334
.332
.565
.4 |
74.6
74.0
74.2
74.9
31.7
|40
.241
.941
.842
.5
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 249
Tabl
e C
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
sel
ecte
d a
ge g
rou
ps
(con
t.)
Wo
men
(per
cen
tage
s)
a)T
he
year
1990
ref
ers
to19
92.
b)A
ge g
rou
p 1
5to
24
refe
rs t
o 16
to 2
4.c)
Th
e ye
ar19
90 r
efer
s to
1991
.d)
For
abov
e co
un
trie
s o
nly
.So
urc
e:O
ECD
dat
abas
e on
Lab
our
Forc
e St
atis
tics
(see
UR
Ls a
t th
e b
egin
nin
g of
th
e A
nn
ex).
For
Au
stri
a, B
elgi
um
, Den
mar
k, F
ran
ce, G
reec
e, L
uxe
mbo
urg
an
d t
he
Net
her
lan
ds,
dat
a ar
e fr
omth
e Eu
rop
ean
Un
ion
Lab
our
Forc
e Su
rvey
.St
atli
nk:
htt
p://
dx.d
oi.o
rg/1
0.17
87/1
3281
1600
858
15to
24
25to
54
55to
64
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
1990
2001
2002
2003
2004
Slov
ak R
epub
licUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
..35
.735
.531
.630
.8..
15.8
15.8
15.7
17.5
..11
.214
.49.
915
.0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
..41
.539
.237
.135
.6..
83.9
83.9
84.8
84.0
..11
.011
.212
.414
.8Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s..
26.6
25.3
25.4
24.6
..70
.770
.671
.569
.3..
9.8
9.6
11.2
12.6
Spai
nbUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
39.7
27.0
27.3
27.2
26.4
21.0
13.7
15.1
14.8
13.8
7.1
8.0
9.8
9.3
9.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s47
.740
.741
.441
.943
.446
.961
.263
.966
.368
.319
.423
.624
.425
.827
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s28
.729
.730
.130
.532
.037
.152
.854
.256
.558
.918
.021
.822
.023
.424
.6Sw
eden
bUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
4.5
10.7
|11
.912
.816
.11.
2 |
3.8
3.8
4.4
5.2
1.8
|4.
54.
03.
84.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
69.1
54.2
|53
.652
.751
.690
.7 |
85.7
85.6
85.4
85.3
65.8
|67
.468
.769
.570
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s66
.048
.4 |
47.3
46.0
43.3
89.6
|82
.482
.481
.780
.864
.7 |
64.3
65.9
66.8
67.4
Switz
erla
ndc
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es3.
45.
53.
98.
77.
32.
63.
43.
24.
14.
60.
61.
61.
92.
53.
4La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
70.3
66.9
68.1
68.3
66.1
73.7
79.5
80.6
80.5
80.8
43.8
54.5
53.3
55.4
55.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
67.9
63.2
65.4
62.4
61.2
71.8
76.8
78.0
77.3
77.1
43.5
53.6
52.3
54.0
53.8
Turk
eyUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
15.0
14.4
17.1
18.9
18.9
5.9
5.5
7.5
8.1
7.5
1.0
0.4
1.2
1.1
0.7
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s39
.428
.529
.026
.826
.136
.029
.630
.729
.828
.626
.621
.522
.921
.419
.8Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s33
.524
.424
.021
.721
.133
.928
.028
.427
.426
.426
.421
.422
.621
.219
.7Un
ited
King
dom
bUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
9.0
8.7
8.8
9.5
|9.
96.
03.
63.
83.
3 |
3.4
5.0
1.8
2.3
2.0
|2.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
72.4
64.2
64.8
63.9
|64
.673
.076
.376
.776
.6 |
76.8
38.7
44.0
45.7
47.3
|48
.3Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s65
.958
.659
.057
.8 |
58.2
68.6
73.6
73.8
74.1
|74
.236
.743
.244
.746
.4 |
47.3
Unite
d St
ates
bUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
10.7
|9.
611
.111
.411
.04.
6 |
3.9
4.8
4.8
4.6
2.8
|2.
73.
53.
73.
7La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
62.9
|62
.061
.159
.258
.774
.0 |
76.4
75.9
75.6
75.3
45.2
|53
.255
.256
.656
.3Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s56
.1 |
56.0
54.3
52.5
52.2
70.6
|73
.472
.372
.071
.844
.0 |
51.7
53.2
54.5
54.3
EU-1
5dUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
18.8
|15
.015
.0 |
15.4
|16
.09.
2 |
7.8
8.0
|8.
1 |
8.3
5.7
|6.
56.
2 |
5.5
|6.
4La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
51.6
|44
.944
.8 |
44.1
|44
.463
.7 |
72.3
73.2
|73
.9 |
75.5
25.7
|31
.032
.3 |
33.8
|34
.5Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s41
.9 |
38.2
38.1
|37
.3 |
37.3
57.9
|66
.767
.3 |
67.9
|69
.224
.3 |
29.0
30.3
|32
.0 |
32.3
EU-1
9dUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
19.6
|17
.617
.7 |
18.0
|18
.39.
7 |
8.7
9.0
|9.
1 |
9.2
5.7
|6.
66.
3 |
5.8
|6.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
50.3
|43
.142
.7 |
41.9
|41
.965
.5 |
73.0
73.7
|74
.4 |
75.7
25.8
|29
.731
.0 |
32.5
|33
.1Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s40
.4 |
35.5
35.1
|34
.3 |
34.2
59.2
|66
.667
.0 |
67.6
|68
.724
.3 |
27.8
29.0
|30
.6 |
30.9
OECD
Eur
oped
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es18
.6 |
16.9
17.3
|17
.8 |
18.1
9.2
|8.
48.
8 |
8.9
|9.
05.
1 |
6.0
5.8
|5.
4 |
6.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s48
.9 |
40.7
40.5
|39
.5 |
39.4
62.7
|68
.068
.6 |
68.9
|69
.826
.4 |
29.7
31.0
|32
.3 |
32.7
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
39.8
|33
.933
.5 |
32.5
|32
.356
.9 |
62.3
62.6
|62
.8 |
63.5
25.0
|28
.029
.2 |
30.6
|30
.7To
tal O
ECDd
Unem
plom
ent r
ates
12.8
|12
.012
.6 |
13.0
|13
.16.
2 |
6.0
6.4
|6.
5 |
6.4
3.3
|4.
04.
2 |
4.1
|4.
3La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
50.2
|46
.445
.9 |
44.9
|44
.964
.3 |
68.2
68.5
|68
.6 |
69.2
34.7
|39
.140
.4 |
41.7
|42
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s43
.7 |
40.8
40.1
|39
.1 |
39.0
60.3
|64
.164
.1 |
64.1
|64
.833
.5 |
37.5
38.7
|40
.0 |
40.4
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005250
Tabl
e D
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
ed
uca
tion
al a
ttai
nm
ent,
200
3Pe
rson
s ag
ed 2
5-64
(per
cen
tage
s)
Both
sex
esM
enW
omen
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Aust
ralia
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es7.
04.
33.
07.
53.
63.
26.
55.
72.
8La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
65.6
82.3
85.8
78.6
89.8
91.7
56.3
70.2
80.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
61.0
78.7
83.2
72.7
86.5
88.8
52.6
66.2
78.2
Aust
riaUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
7.9
3.4
2.0
9.0
3.4
2.1
7.0
3.3
1.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
part
icip
atio
n ra
tes
59.7
78.0
86.7
72.4
84.7
88.7
52.4
70.6
84.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
55.0
75.4
85.0
65.9
81.8
86.9
48.8
68.3
82.4
Belg
ium
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.76.
73.
59.
65.
43.
512
.58.
53.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
54.8
78.0
86.7
68.5
86.5
90.5
40.9
69.1
83.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
48.9
72.8
83.6
61.9
81.8
87.2
35.8
63.2
80.1
Cana
da
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.96.
55.
210
.86.
55.
311
.26.
65.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtic
ipat
ion
rate
s63
.581
.686
.575
.288
.190
.750
.974
.582
.8Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s56
.676
.382
.067
.182
.385
.845
.269
.678
.5Cz
ech
Repu
blic
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es19
.86.
12.
021
.74.
31.
818
.78.
52.
3La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
54.8
80.2
88.2
66.4
88.0
93.9
49.4
72.0
80.9
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
43.9
75.3
86.5
52.0
84.2
92.2
40.2
65.8
79.1
Denm
ark
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es7.
24.
44.
76.
23.
74.
48.
65.
35.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtic
ipat
ion
rate
s65
.483
.689
.476
.387
.491
.755
.679
.287
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s60
.779
.985
.271
.684
.287
.750
.975
.082
.9Fi
nlan
dUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
11.1
9.2
4.3
10.7
9.5
4.2
11.6
8.8
4.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s65
.380
.389
.067
.782
.791
.262
.677
.687
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s58
.172
.985
.160
.474
.887
.355
.470
.883
.3Fr
ance
Un
empl
oym
ent r
ates
12.1
7.5
6.1
11.0
6.1
5.8
13.5
9.4
6.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
part
icip
atio
n ra
tes
67.1
82.1
87.2
76.7
87.1
91.5
58.8
76.4
83.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
59.0
76.0
81.9
68.3
81.9
86.2
50.9
69.2
78.0
Germ
any
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es18
.010
.25.
221
.210
.54.
714
.99.
96.
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
61.2
77.7
87.5
77.6
83.9
90.4
50.7
71.5
83.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
50.2
69.7
83.0
61.2
75.0
86.1
43.2
64.4
78.2
Gree
ceUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
6.6
9.1
5.6
3.9
5.8
4.0
11.1
13.8
7.6
Labo
ur fo
rce
part
icip
atio
n ra
tes
61.8
73.7
86.6
82.4
89.3
89.6
43.7
58.7
83.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
57.7
67.0
81.7
79.1
84.1
86.0
38.8
50.6
76.9
Hung
ary
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.64.
81.
411
.94.
91.
39.
44.
71.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
41.8
75.0
83.9
50.3
81.9
88.3
36.0
67.5
80.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
37.4
71.4
82.7
44.3
77.9
87.2
32.7
64.3
78.9
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 251
Tabl
e D
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
ed
uca
tion
al a
ttai
nm
ent,
200
3 (c
ont.
)Pe
rson
s ag
ed 2
5-64
(per
cen
tage
s)
Both
sex
esM
enW
omen
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y e
duca
tion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtia
ry
educ
atio
n
Icel
and
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es..
....
....
....
....
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
....
....
....
....
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
....
....
....
....
..Ire
land
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es6.
32.
92.
66.
72.
72.
65.
23.
22.
5La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
60.4
77.9
88.3
78.0
91.9
93.7
40.1
65.5
83.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.6
75.6
86.1
72.7
89.4
91.3
38.1
63.5
81.1
Italy
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es..
....
....
....
....
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s..
....
....
....
....
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
....
....
....
....
..Ja
pan
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es6.
75.
43.
78.
05.
53.
54.
65.
34.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
71.3
77.8
82.3
86.1
94.2
96.2
56.0
63.1
67.0
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
66.7
73.6
79.2
79.4
88.9
92.8
53.4
59.8
64.3
Kore
aUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
2.1
3.2
3.0
2.7
3.5
3.1
1.6
2.6
2.8
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s68
.071
.978
.782
.689
.392
.658
.853
.757
.6Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s66
.569
.676
.480
.486
.289
.757
.952
.356
.0Lu
xem
bour
gUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
3.3
2.6
4.2
3.4
1.6
3.6
3.1
3.9
5.0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s63
.273
.686
.178
.086
.091
.950
.460
.878
.4Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s61
.171
.782
.675
.484
.688
.548
.858
.474
.5M
exic
oUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
1.6
1.9
2.6
1.7
2.2
2.7
1.5
1.7
2.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s64
.364
.484
.094
.094
.693
.938
.455
.871
.4Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s63
.363
.281
.892
.492
.591
.437
.854
.869
.6Ne
ther
land
s Un
empl
oym
ent r
ates
....
....
....
....
..La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
....
....
....
....
..Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s..
....
....
....
....
New
Zea
land
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es4.
92.
93.
55.
02.
43.
34.
83.
53.
7La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
66.8
84.0
84.3
78.1
91.8
90.4
56.9
75.1
79.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
63.5
81.6
81.3
74.2
89.6
87.3
54.2
72.5
76.5
Norw
ayUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
3.9
3.6
2.5
4.2
4.0
2.6
3.4
3.1
2.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s66
.682
.591
.174
.886
.393
.858
.478
.388
.6Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s64
.179
.688
.871
.782
.991
.356
.475
.986
.5Po
land
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es25
.917
.86.
626
.116
.36.
625
.619
.76.
7La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
51.6
75.0
88.5
62.1
81.6
91.1
42.9
68.0
86.4
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
38.2
61.6
82.6
45.9
68.3
85.1
31.9
54.6
80.6
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005252
Tabl
e D
.Em
plo
ymen
t/p
opu
lati
on r
atio
s, a
ctiv
ity
and
un
emp
loym
ent
rate
s by
ed
uca
tion
al a
ttai
nm
ent,
200
3 (c
ont.
)Pe
rson
s ag
ed 2
5-64
(per
cen
tage
s)
a)Fo
r ab
ove
cou
ntr
ies
on
ly.
Sou
rce:
OEC
D (2
005)
, Edu
cati
on a
t a
Gla
nce
–O
ECD
Ind
icat
ors,
Par
is (f
ort
hco
min
g).
Stat
lin
k: h
ttp:
//dx
.doi
.org
/10.
1787
/810
5205
8256
0
Both
sex
esM
enW
omen
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtiar
y ed
ucat
ion
Less
than
upp
er
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
Uppe
r sec
onda
ry
educ
atio
nTe
rtia
ry
educ
atio
n
Portu
gal
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es5.
75.
14.
95.
04.
24.
46.
76.
05.
2La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
76.6
85.9
91.8
86.3
87.3
93.6
66.9
84.5
90.6
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
72.2
81.6
87.3
81.9
83.7
89.5
62.5
79.4
85.9
Slov
ak R
epub
licUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
44.9
13.5
3.7
48.2
13.2
3.5
42.3
14.0
3.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s51
.882
.490
.464
.388
.894
.044
.775
.587
.0Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s28
.571
.287
.133
.477
.190
.725
.865
.083
.6Sp
ain
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es11
.29.
57.
77.
76.
05.
417
.914
.310
.1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
63.7
79.9
88.4
83.7
90.5
92.1
44.0
69.0
84.5
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
56.5
72.3
81.6
77.3
85.1
87.1
36.2
59.1
76.0
Swed
en
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es6.
15.
23.
95.
75.
54.
96.
74.
82.
9La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
71.9
85.7
89.3
77.8
88.2
90.4
64.6
83.2
88.2
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
67.5
81.3
85.8
73.3
83.3
86.0
60.2
79.2
85.7
Switz
erla
ndUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
6.1
3.3
2.9
5.2
3.1
2.9
6.8
3.4
3.0
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s70
.582
.892
.383
.791
.595
.762
.175
.685
.7Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s66
.280
.189
.679
.388
.792
.957
.973
.083
.1Tu
rkey
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es8.
87.
86.
99.
56.
75.
86.
313
.69.
4La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
53.8
66.4
80.4
81.8
86.4
86.3
24.3
30.7
69.9
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
49.1
61.1
74.9
74.1
80.6
81.4
22.8
26.5
63.3
Unite
d Ki
ngdo
mUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
6.9
3.9
2.4
8.5
4.1
2.7
4.9
3.5
1.9
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s58
.082
.890
.167
.688
.292
.649
.776
.687
.1Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s54
.079
.688
.061
.984
.590
.147
.273
.985
.5Un
ited
Stat
esUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
9.9
6.1
3.4
9.5
6.7
3.6
10.6
5.4
3.1
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s64
.178
.085
.176
.184
.690
.550
.571
.980
.0Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s57
.873
.382
.268
.978
.987
.345
.268
.077
.5EU
-15a
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es10
.97.
34.
99.
76.
94.
412
.57.
95.
4La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
64.2
80.2
88.3
78.6
86.4
91.4
51.6
73.5
84.8
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
57.2
74.3
84.0
70.9
80.5
87.3
45.2
67.7
80.2
EU-1
9aUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
12.0
8.7
4.9
10.8
8.1
4.4
13.5
9.6
5.4
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s62
.779
.388
.276
.785
.791
.450
.572
.584
.8Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s55
.272
.483
.968
.478
.887
.343
.765
.680
.2OE
CD E
urop
eaUn
empl
oym
ent r
ates
11.4
8.5
5.0
10.6
7.8
4.5
12.7
9.4
5.5
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
s59
.778
.987
.978
.385
.991
.242
.771
.284
.2Em
ploy
men
t/pop
ulat
ion
ratio
s52
.972
.183
.670
.079
.287
.137
.364
.479
.5To
tal O
ECDa
Unem
ploy
men
t rat
es7.
96.
93.
97.
56.
83.
88.
47.
04.
1La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
tes
63.0
78.1
85.2
82.1
86.9
92.0
45.5
69.2
78.1
Empl
oym
ent/p
opul
atio
n ra
tios
58.0
72.7
81.9
75.9
81.0
88.4
41.7
64.4
74.9
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 253
Table E. Incidence and composition of part-time employmenta
Percentages
Part-time employment as a proportion of total employment
Men Women
1990 2001 2002 2003 2004 1990 2001 2002 2003 2004
Australiab, c 11.3 15.8 16.3 16.5 16.1 38.5 41.7 41.4 42.2 40.8
Austria . . 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 . . 24.8 26.4 26.1 29.6
Belgium 4.4 | 5.7 6.0 5.9 6.3 28.8 | 32.5 32.4 33.4 34.1
Canada 9.2 10.5 11.0 11.1 10.9 26.8 27.0 27.7 27.9 27.2
Czech Republic . . 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 5.4 4.9 5.3 5.2
Denmark 10.2 | 9.3 10.3 10.5 11.6 29.7 | 21.0 23.0 21.9 24.3
Finland 4.8 7.3 7.5 8.0 7.9 10.6 14.0 14.8 15.0 15.0
France 4.5 5.1 5.2 | 4.7 4.8 22.5 24.4 24.1 | 22.7 23.6
Germany 2.3 | 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.3 29.8 | 35.0 35.3 36.3 37.0
Greece 4.0 | 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.1 11.6 | 8.5 10.0 10.2 10.9
Hungary . . 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.2 . . 4.0 4.3 5.1 5.1
Icelandd 7.5 9.7 10.2 . . . . 39.7 32.6 31.2 . . . .
Ireland 4.4 | 7.1 7.1 7.5 6.9 21.2 | 33.4 33.4 34.3 35.1
Italy 4.0 | 5.4 4.9 4.9 | 5.9 18.4 | 23.7 23.5 23.6 | 28.8
Japanb, e 9.5 13.7 14.0 14.7 14.2 33.4 41.0 41.2 42.2 41.7
Koreab 3.1 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.9 6.5 10.4 10.6 11.2 11.9
Luxembourg 1.6 | 2.0 2.3 1.6 1.7 19.1 | 30.1 28.1 30.0 33.3
Mexico . . 7.5 7.1 7.0 8.1 . . 25.7 25.6 25.7 27.6
Netherlands 13.4 | 13.8 14.7 14.8 15.1 52.5 | 58.1 58.8 59.6 60.2
New Zealand 7.9 10.9 11.3 10.8 10.7 34.8 36.1 36.1 35.8 35.4
Norway 6.9 9.1 9.2 9.9 10.3 39.8 32.7 33.4 33.4 33.2
Poland . . 7.4 7.5 7.1 7.5 . . 16.6 16.7 16.8 17.5
Portugal 3.9 | 5.1 5.8 5.9 5.8 12.8 | 14.3 14.5 14.9 14.0
Slovak Republic . . 1.1 | 1.0 1.3 1.3 . . 2.8 | 2.3 3.6 4.5
Spain 1.4 | 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6 11.5 | 16.6 16.3 16.5 17.2
Sweden 5.3 7.3 7.5 7.9 8.5 24.5 21.0 20.6 20.6 20.8
Switzerlandc, d 6.8 8.9 7.8 8.1 8.1 42.6 44.7 45.4 45.8 45.3
Turkey 4.9 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.7 18.8 14.0 13.5 12.3 14.8
United Kingdom 5.3 | 8.3 8.9 9.6 10.0 39.5 | 40.3 40.1 40.1 40.4
United Statesf 8.6 | 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 20.2 | 18.0 18.5 18.8 18.8
EU-15g 4.3 | 5.9 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.6 27.0 | 30.0 30.0 | 30.1 | 31.2
EU-19g 4.3 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 27.0 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.6 | 28.7
OECD Europeg 4.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.1 26.9 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 27.1 | 28.2
Total OECDg 5.0 | 5.9 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.5 19.7 | 20.6 | 24.6 | 24.9 | 25.4
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005254
Table E. Incidence and composition of part-time employmenta(cont.)Percentages
a) Part-time employment refers to persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Datainclude only persons declaring usual hours.
b) Data are based on actual hours worked. c) Part-time employment based on hours worked at all jobs.d) The year 1990 refers to 1991.e) Less than 35 hours per week.f) Data are for wage and salary workers only.g) For above countries only.
Sources and definitions: OECD database on Labour Force Statistics (see URLs at the beginning of the Annex). For Austria,Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and theUnited Kingdom, data are from the European Union Labour Force Survey. See OECD (1997), “Definition of Part-timeWork for the Purpose of International Comparisons”, Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Paper No. 22,available on the Internet (www.oecd.org/els/workingpapers).
Statlink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/001305712282
Part-time employment as a proportion of total employment
Women’s share in part-time employment
1990 2001 2002 2003 2004 1990 2001 2002 2003 2004
Australiab, c 22.6 27.2 27.5 27.9 27.1 70.8 67.8 67.0 67.2 67.1
Austria . . 12.4 13.6 13.6 15.5 . . 88.0 87.6 87.3 86.9
Belgium 13.5 | 17.0 17.2 17.7 18.3 79.8 | 80.7 80.1 81.0 80.6
Canada 17.0 18.1 18.8 18.9 18.5 69.9 68.9 68.8 68.8 68.8
Czech Republic . . 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.1 . . 72.0 73.4 71.9 72.9
Denmark 19.2 | 14.7 16.2 15.8 17.5 71.1 | 66.0 66.2 64.2 64.5
Finland 7.6 10.5 11.0 11.3 11.3 67.0 63.4 64.6 63.5 63.5
France 12.2 13.8 13.7 | 12.9 13.4 78.6 79.6 79.5 | 80.2 80.6
Germany 13.4 | 18.3 18.8 19.6 20.1 89.7 | 84.6 83.7 83.3 82.8
Greece 6.7 | 4.9 5.6 5.6 6.0 60.8 | 66.4 67.3 68.3 68.6
Hungary . . 2.8 2.9 3.5 3.6 . . 68.4 69.9 69.0 67.7
Icelandd 22.2 20.4 20.1 . . . . 81.6 74.5 73.1 . . . .
Ireland 10.0 | 17.9 18.1 18.8 18.7 70.3 | 76.5 77.1 76.7 78.8
Italy 8.9 | 12.2 11.9 12.0 | 14.9 70.5 | 72.6 74.4 74.7 | 76.1
Japanb, e 19.2 24.9 25.1 26.0 25.5 70.5 67.5 67.0 66.7 67.4
Koreab 4.5 7.3 7.6 7.7 8.4 58.7 58.8 58.3 59.4 59.0
Luxembourg 7.6 | 13.3 12.6 13.3 14.6 86.6 | 90.7 89.1 92.9 93.0
Mexico . . 13.7 13.5 13.4 15.1 . . 63.8 65.6 65.7 65.1
Netherlands 28.2 | 33.0 33.9 34.5 35.0 70.4 | 76.3 75.4 76.0 76.0
New Zealand 19.7 22.4 22.6 22.3 22.0 77.4 73.6 72.9 73.7 73.6
Norway 21.8 20.1 20.6 21.0 21.1 82.7 76.0 76.2 75.2 74.1
Poland . . 11.6 11.7 11.5 12.0 . . 64.7 65.0 66.2 65.7
Portugal 7.6 | 9.2 9.7 10.0 9.6 70.3 | 69.9 67.6 68.2 67.0
Slovak Republic . . 1.9 | 1.6 2.3 2.7 . . 68.2 | 66.1 69.1 73.0
Spain 4.6 | 7.8 7.6 7.8 8.3 79.2 | 79.0 80.1 80.7 81.0
Sweden 14.5 13.9 13.8 14.1 14.4 81.1 72.7 71.8 70.8 69.5
Switzerlandc, d 22.1 24.8 24.8 25.1 24.9 82.4 80.1 82.8 82.2 82.1
Turkey 9.2 6.2 6.6 6.0 6.6 62.6 62.6 58.6 56.9 59.4
United Kingdom 20.1 | 22.7 23.0 23.3 24.1 85.1 | 79.8 78.8 77.3 77.8
United Statesf 14.1 | 12.8 13.1 13.2 13.2 68.2 67.5 68.3 68.8 68.3
EU-15g 13.3 | 16.2 16.4 | 16.6 | 17.4 80.6 | 79.2 78.8 | 78.5 | 78.6
EU-19g 13.3 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 16.2 80.6 | 78.3 | 77.9 | 77.8 | 77.8
OECD Europeg 13.2 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 15.5 79.3 | 77.6 | 77.2 | 77.0 | 77.1
Total OECDg 11.2 | 12.1 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 15.2 74.1 | 72.4 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.2
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 255
Table F. Average annual hours actually worked per person in employmenta
1979 1983 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Total employment
Australia 1 904 1 853 1 866 1 855 1 837 1 824 1 814 1 816Austria . . . . . . 1 582 1 593 1 563 1 550 . .Belgium . . 1 659 1 601 1 545 1 547 1 548 1 542 1 522Canada 1 800 1 749 1 757 1 768 1 758 1 740 1 733 1 751Czech Republic . . . . . . 2 092 | 2 000 1 980 1 972 1 986Denmark . . 1 597 1 452 1 467 1 495 1 462 1 475 1 454Finlandb . . 1 809 1 763 | 1 721 1 694 1 686 1 669 1 688Finlandc 1 870 1 823 1 771 1 750 1 734 1 727 1 718 1 736France 1 755 1 663 1 610 1 496 1 475 1 437 1 431 1,441Germanyd . . . . 1 541 1 463 1 450 1 439 1 441 1 443Western Germany 1 758 1 692 1 566 1 443 1 431 1 421 1 424 1 426Greece . . 1 990 1 919 1 926 1 932 1 930 1 936 1 925Icelandd . . . . 1 843 1 885 1 847 1 812 . . . .Ireland . . 1 902 1 911 1 688 1 679 1 666 1 646 1 642Italy . . 1 677 1 656 1 613 1 601 1 599 1 591 1 585Japan 2 126 2 095 2 031 1 821 1 809 1 798 1 801 1 789Mexicod . . . . 1 822 1 888 1 864 1 888 1 857 1 848Netherlands . . . . 1 456 1 368 1 368 1 338 1 354 1 357New Zealand . . . . 1 820 1 817 1 817 1 816 1 813 1 826Norway 1 514 1 485 1 432 1 380 1 362 1 345 1 338 1 363Poland . . . . . . 1 988 1 974 1 979 1 984 1 983Portugal . . . . 1 858 1 691 1 696 1 697 1 678 1 694Slovak Republic . . . . . . 2 017 2 026 | 1 979 1 931 1 958Spain 2 022 1 912 1 824 1 815 1 817 1 798 1 800 1 799Sweden 1 530 1 532 1 561 1 625 1 603 1 580 1 563 1 585Switzerlandd . . . . 1 648 1 603 1 573 1 555 1 556 . .United Kingdom 1 815 1 713 1 767 1 701 1 703 1 684 1 672 1 669United States 1 861 1 851 1 861 1 858 1 836 1 830 1 822 1 824
Dependent employmentAustria . . . . . . 1 509 1 520 1 493 1 481 . .Belgium . . 1 562 1 571 1 432 1 457 1 451 1 449 1 441Canada 1 764 1 726 1 735 1 754 1 745 1 732 1 726 1 742Czech Republic . . . . . . 2 018 | 1 922 1 896 1 882 1 900Denmark . . 1 523 1 384 1 409 1 447 1 410 1 423 1 406Finlandb . . . . 1 666 | 1 638 1 616 1 609 1 596 1 622France 1 642 1 544 1 518 1 426 1 408 1 374 1 346 1,360Germanyd . . . . 1 473 1 381 1 370 1 362 1 361 1 360Western Germany 1 687 1 618 1 489 1 356 1 348 1 341 1 341 1 341Greece . . 1 766 1 763 1 818 1 826 1 818 1 812 1 803Hungary . . 1 829 1 710 1 795 1 766 1 766 1 777 1 806Icelandd . . . . 1 777 1 820 1 779 1 740 . . . .Ireland . . 1 702 1 712 1 596 1 598 1 583 1 576 1 570Italy . . 1 608 1 581 1 548 1 534 1 533 1 523 1 519Japane 2 114 2 098 2 052 1 859 1 848 1 837 1 846 1 840Japanf . . . . 2 064 1 853 1 836 1 825 1 828 1 816Korea . . 2 734 2 514 2 474 2 447 2 410 2 390 2 380Mexicod . . . . 1 889 1 935 1 915 1 945 1 908 1 920Netherlands 1 591 1 530 1 433 1 331 1 330 1 317 1 309 1 312New Zealandd . . . . 1 728 1 768 1 761 1 759 1 767 1 801Poland . . . . . . 1 963 1 957 1 958 1 956 1 957Portugal . . . . 1 770 1 670 1 683 1 686 1 677 1 690Slovak Republic . . . . . . 1 980 1 993 | 1 950 1 898 1 913Spain 1 936 1 837 1 762 1 754 1 759 1 743 1 747 1 746United Kingdom 1 750 1 652 1 704 1 675 1 677 1 661 1 650 1 646United States 1 843 1 841 1 847 1 843 1 821 1 816 1 808 1 812
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005256
Table F. Average annual hours actually worked per person in employmenta (cont.)
a) The concept used is the total number of hours worked over the year divided by the average number of people inemployment. The data are intended for comparisons of trends over time; they are unsuitable for comparisons ofthe level of average annual hours of work for a given year, because of differences in their sources. Part-timeworkers are covered as well as full-time.
b) Data estimated from the Labour Force Survey.c) Data estimated from national accounts.d) The year 1990 refers to 1991.e) Data refer to establishments with 30 or more regular employees.f) Data refer to establishments with five or more regular employees.
Sources and definitions:
Secretariat estimates for Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands (for total employmentonly) and Portugal for annual hours worked for the total economy based on the European Labour Force Survey.Estimates of annual working time per employed persons are based on the Spring European Labour Force Survey(EULFS) as the main source of data for various components of working time (overtime, illness, maternity leave, etc.).The data from the EULFS correspond to one single reading in the year, which requires the use of external sources forhours not worked due to public holidays and annual leave. A correction is also made to account for an estimated50 per cent underreporting, on average, of hours lost due to illness and maternity leave in the EULFS. In sum, theestimates are computed by multiplying usual weekly hours worked by the number of effective weeks worked duringthe year (taking into account vacation and time not worked due to other reasons). These estimates of annual workingtime take into account the number of public holidays and annual leave shown in the EIRO (2002) report on “WorkingTime Developments - 2002” (see www.eiro.eurofound.ie/2003/03/update/tn0303103u.html).
Australia: Data supplied by the Australian Bureau of Statistics from the Labour Force Survey. Annual hours areadjusted to take account of public holidays occuring during the reporting period. The method of estimation isconsistent with the national accounts.
Canada: Data series, revised back to 1997 following a change in methodology, supplied by Statistics Canada, basedmainly on the monthly Labour Force Survey supplemented by the Survey of Employment Payrolls and Hours, theannual Survey of Manufacturers and the Census of Mining. OECD Secretariat estimates for years 1979 and 1983 areobtained by prolonging the trend of the old annual hours of work series for the period prior to 1997.
Czech Republic: Data supplied by the Czech Statistical Office and based on weekly actual hours worked reported in thequarterly Labour Force Sample Survey. Main meal breaks (one half hour a day) are included until 2000 and areexcluded thereafter.
Finland: Data supplied by Statistics Finland. National accounts series based on an establishment survey formanufacturing, and the Labour Force Survey for other sectors and for the self-employed. Alternative series basedsolely on the Labour Force Survey.
France: Data supplied by the Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE) based on a methodof estimation consistent with the National Accounts. Secretariat estimates for years 1979 and 1983 are obtained byprolonging the trend of the old annual hours of work series for the period prior to 1990. OECD Secretariat estimatesfor 2004 based on alternative estimates of annual working time derived from the European Labour Force Survey(see notes for Belgium, Denmark, etc.).
Germany and western Germany: Data supplied by the Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), calculatedwithin a comprehensive accounting structure, based on establishment survey estimates of weekly hours worked byfull-time workers whose hours are not affected by absence, and extended to annual estimates of actual hours byadjusting for a wide range of factors, including public holidays, sickness absence, overtime working, short-timeworking, bad weather, strikes, part-time working and parental leave. Data series from 1991 onward extend coverageof part-time work with few hours of work. Estimates for unified Germany and western Germany have been revisedsince 1999.
Hungary: Data for employees supplied by the Hungarian Statistical office. Annual hours estimates based on anestablishment survey for manufacturing covering five or more employees.
Iceland: Data provided by Statistics Iceland and based on the Icelandic Labor Force Survey. Annual actual hoursworked per person in employment are computed by multiplying daily actual hours worked by annual actual workingdays net of public holidays and annual vacations. The latter are for a typical work contract by sector of activity.
Italy: OECD Secretariat estimates based on the European Labour Force Survey from 1985 onward (see notes forBelgium, Denmark, etc.). From 1960 to 1985, the trend in data is taken from the series provided by ISTAT and basedon a special establishment survey on total employment discontinued in 1985.
Japan: Data for total employment are Secretariat estimates based on data from the Monthly Labour Survey ofEstablishments, extended to agricultural and government sectors and to the self-employed by means of the LabourForce Survey. Data for dependent employment supplied by Statistics Bureau, Management and Coordination Agency,from the Monthly Labour Survey, referring to all industries excluding agriculture, forest, fisheries and governmentservices. Annual working time estimates for total employment in 2002, 2003 and 2004 are provisional and arecalculated based on year-to-year changes in annual working time of employees working in establishments with fiveor more employees.
Korea : Data for employees supplied by the Ministry of Labour from the Report on monthly labour survey.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 257
Table F. Average annual hours actually worked per person in employmenta (cont.)
Mexico: Data supplied by STPS-INEGI from the bi-annual National Survey of Employment, weekly hours worked areannualised based on the assumption of 44 working weeks per year.
Netherlands: Secretariat estimates based on the European Labour Force Survey (see notes for Belgium, Denmark, etc.)from 1987 onward. Data for employees from 1977 onward, are “Annual Contractual Hours”, supplied by StatisticsNetherlands, compiled within the framework of the Labour Accounts. Overtime hours are excluded. For 1970 to 1976,the trend has been derived from data supplied by the Economisch Instituut voor het Midden en Kleinbedrijf, referringto employees in the private sector, excluding agriculture and fishing. Estimates for dependent employment in 2004are Secretariat estimates based on alternative estimates of annual working time derived from the European LabourForce Survey (see notes for Belgium, Denmark, etc.).
New Zealand: Data supplied by Statistics New Zealand and derived from the quarterly Labour Force Survey, whosecontinuous sample design avoids the need for adjustments of weekly actual hours worked for public holidays andother days lost.
Norway: Data supplied by Statistics Norway, based on national accounts and estimated from a number of differentdata sources, the most important being establishment surveys, Labour Force Survey and public sector accounts.
Poland: Data supplied by the Central Statistical Office of Poland and derived from the continuous quarterly labourforce survey since 2000. Annual hours actually worked are obtained by dividing total weekly hours at work by averagenumber of people in employment annualised by multiplying by 52 weeks. Data prior to 1999 are based on thequarterly labour force survey with fixed monthly reference weeks. In 1999, the survey was conducted only in the firstquarter and in the last quarter, when the continuous survey was introduced, which causes a break in the series priorand after 1999.
Slovak Republic: Data supplied by the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and based on the continuous labour forcesurvey with quarterly results. Hours worked cover main meal break until 2001 and are excluded thereafter.
Spain: Series supplied by Instituto Nacional de Estadística and derived mainly from the quarterly Labour Force Survey.
Sweden: Series from 1996 are supplied by Statistics Sweden derived from national accounts data, based on both theLabour Force Survey and establishment surveys.
Switzerland: Data supplied by the Office fédéral de la statistique. The basis of the calculation is the Swiss Labour ForceSurvey which provides information on weekly hours of work during one quarter of the year. The estimates of annualhours are then based on supplementary information on annual leave, public holidays and overtime working and areadjusted to be consistent with national accounts concepts.
United Kingdom: Data from 1992 to 2004 supplied by the Office of National Statistics (ONS) and based on weekly actualhours worked from the continuous Labour Force Survey annualised by multiplying by 52 weeks and adjusted toconform to calendar years. Since 1984, data refer to the United Kingdom (including Northern Ireland). For 1984to 1991, the trend in the data is taken from the annual Labour Force Survey. From 1970 to 1983, the trend correspondsto estimates by Professor Angus Maddison.
United States: Revised historical series supplied by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Office of Productivity andTechnology (OPT). The annual working hours series are unpublished data expressed on a per job basis. The annualhours series are derived from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) for production and non-supervisory workersin private sector jobs and from the Current Population Survey (CPS) for other workers. The OECD Secretariat convertshours per job series to hours per worker series by multiplying the job-based annual hours of work by (1 + CPS basedshare of multiple jobholders in total employment).
Statlink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/613754014653
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005258
Table G. Incidence of long-term unemploymenta, b, c, d, e
As a percentage of total unemployment
1990 2001 2002 2003 2004
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
Australia 41.0 21.6 38.3 21.2 39.8 22.1 39.7 22.5 36.8 20.7
Austria . . . . 36.1 23.3 33.5 19.2 41.0 24.5 41.0 24.5
Belgium 81.4 68.5 | 66.5 51.7 67.3 49.6 64.7 46.3 68.9 49.6
Canada 20.3 7.3 16.8 9.5 18.5 9.6 18.3 10.0 17.7 9.5
Czech Republic . . . . 71.3 52.7 70.3 50.7 69.9 49.9 71.6 51.8
Denmark 53.2 29.9 | 38.5 22.2 33.3 19.7 40.9 19.9 45.0 22.6
Finlandf 32.6 9.2 | 42.2 26.2 41.7 24.4 41.4 24.7 40.8 23.4
France 55.6 38.1 57.2 37.6 53.4 33.8 | 62.0 42.9 61.3 41.6
Germany 64.7 46.8 | 66.2 50.4 64.8 47.9 68.5 50.0 67.6 51.8
Greece 72.0 49.8 | 69.0 52.8 72.4 52.7 74.3 56.3 74.4 54.7
Hungaryg 46.4 20.4 67.9 46.6 67.4 44.8 65.4 42.2 61.7 45.1
Icelandf 13.6 6.7 21.0 12.5 24.8 11.1 21.0 8.1 | 21.3 11.2
Ireland 81.0 66.0 | 50.3 33.1 50.5 29.4 57.0 35.5 55.0 34.3
Italy 85.2 69.8 | 77.4 63.4 75.7 59.2 74.1 58.2 | 65.5 49.7
Japan 39.0 19.1 46.2 26.6 49.0 30.8 50.9 33.5 50.0 33.7
Korea 13.9 2.6 13.0 2.3 13.9 2.5 10.1 0.6 11.6 1.1
Luxembourgh (68.4) (47.4) | (44.9) (28.4) (46.8) (27.4) (42.6) (24.9) (45.2) (22.6)
Mexico . . . . 4.1 1.1 5.4 0.9 4.9 1.0 5.1 1.1
Netherlands 63.6 49.3 | . . . . 43.2 26.7 49.2 29.2 55.1 32.5
New Zealand 40.2 21.8 | 31.3 16.7 28.6 14.5 27.4 13.5 23.9 11.7
Norway 40.8 20.4 | 16.1 5.5 20.0 6.4 20.6 6.4 25.3 9.2
Polandg 62.8 34.7 | 66.1 43.1 70.0 48.4 70.2 49.7 68.7 47.9
Portugal 62.3 44.9 | 58.0 38.1 54.5 35.5 57.8 32.8 65.0 43.2
Slovak Republic . . . . 73.4 53.7 77.5 59.8 76.4 61.1 77.0 60.6
Spain 70.2 54.0 | 61.8 44.0 59.2 40.2 59.6 39.8 58.0 37.7
Sweden 22.2 12.1 | 36.7 22.3 36.2 21.0 35.4 17.8 37.3 18.9
Switzerlandf 27.5 17.0 47.3 29.9 37.4 21.8 47.8 26.3 53.9 33.5
Turkey 72.6 47.0 35.6 21.3 45.5 29.4 39.9 24.4 56.9 39.2
United Kingdom 50.3 34.4 | 43.6 27.8 38.8 23.1 37.3 23.0 38.8 21.4
United States 10.0 5.5 | 11.8 6.1 18.3 8.5 22.0 11.8 21.9 12.7
EU-15i 65.3 48.7 | 61.8 45.3 59.0 41.4 | 61.5 43.4 | 60.4 42.4
EU-19i 64.4 45.7 | 63.3 45.4 62.0 43.5 | 63.6 45.1 | 62.5 44.1
OECD Europei 64.9 45.5 | 60.1 42.6 59.8 41.6 | 60.6 42.4 | 61.6 43.2
Total OECDi 46.3 31.1 | 44.0 29.7 45.0 29.6 | 46.4 31.0 | 47.1 32.0
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 259
Table G. Incidence of long-term unemployment among mena, b, c, d, e (cont.) As a percentage of male unemployment
1990 2001 2002 2003 2004
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
Australia 42.6 24.4 39.9 23.8 43.3 25.9 44.1 27.1 39.1 23.1
Austria . . . . 34.0 23.7 32.1 16.4 40.6 25.0 40.6 25.0
Belgium 79.5 66.1 | 68.2 52.5 66.6 45.9 63.5 44.8 70.7 50.4
Canada 20.5 8.0 17.8 10.4 19.4 10.3 19.8 11.4 18.9 10.4
Czech Republic . . . . 70.0 52.0 69.2 50.3 67.2 47.4 69.2 49.3
Denmark 48.9 27.8 | 39.1 26.2 30.3 17.2 43.6 21.8 47.4 22.5
Finlandf 36.8 9.7 | 45.0 30.0 44.8 27.3 45.3 27.7 43.7 25.3
France 53.2 35.5 56.9 37.6 52.5 32.2 | 61.7 43.0 61.2 41.5
Germany 65.2 49.1 | 64.0 48.4 63.4 46.0 67.2 48.3 65.7 50.5
Greece 61.8 39.9 | 61.8 47.0 68.1 47.4 70.2 48.9 67.1 47.1
Hungaryg 47.1 20.9 69.9 48.2 69.2 47.0 66.0 42.2 62.6 47.0
Icelandf 5.1 1.3 17.2 11.2 19.4 9.5 20.4 8.2 | 16.2 8.8
Ireland 84.3 71.1 | 57.9 40.8 57.8 36.1 62.2 41.2 61.7 40.8
Italy 84.1 68.6 | 76.1 63.7 74.0 58.2 73.1 57.5 | 63.8 47.3
Japan 47.6 26.2 53.2 32.1 54.5 36.2 56.9 38.9 56.1 40.2
Korea 16.0 3.3 15.4 2.9 16.3 3.1 12.6 0.7 13.6 1.5
Luxembourgh (80.0) (60.0) | (53.3) (32.8) (39.3) (28.6) (50.0) (33.2) (46.0) (24.1)
Mexico . . . . 4.3 1.1 5.5 1.2 5.1 1.1 5.8 1.1
Netherlands 65.6 55.2 | . . . . 39.5 26.9 49.9 30.1 58.3 35.9
New Zealand 44.9 25.6 | 34.4 19.6 32.0 17.2 30.4 15.6 26.8 13.7
Norway 37.9 19.0 | 18.5 6.8 23.1 8.3 23.3 7.1 28.2 10.7
Polandg 60.2 33.3 | 62.7 39.9 67.4 45.1 69.3 48.6 67.9 46.9
Portugal 56.3 38.2 | 53.8 35.7 52.3 34.7 56.2 31.3 64.7 43.8
Slovak Republic . . . . 71.6 52.1 76.6 58.5 76.0 60.2 76.5 60.8
Spain 63.2 45.6 | 56.0 37.9 52.9 34.3 54.5 34.3 53.8 33.2
Sweden 22.2 12.3 | 39.0 24.2 38.9 23.1 38.4 19.6 39.7 20.9
Switzerlandf 28.8 15.9 38.8 20.6 37.3 19.5 42.9 21.6 50.2 31.5
Turkey 71.2 44.9 31.9 18.2 43.5 27.0 36.3 22.1 55.0 37.0
United Kingdom 56.8 41.8 | 48.6 33.0 43.8 26.9 40.8 26.5 43.0 25.0
United States 12.1 7.0 | 12.1 6.4 18.9 8.9 23.1 12.5 23.0 13.7
EU-15i 63.5 47.0 | 60.3 44.4 57.3 39.5 | 60.2 42.0 | 59.4 41.5
EU-19i 62.4 43.9 | 61.5 44.1 60.3 41.5 | 62.4 43.8 | 61.5 43.2
OECD Europei 63.2 43.8 | 56.8 40.0 57.2 38.9 | 58.1 40.1 | 60.2 42.0
Total OECDi 45.1 29.9 | 42.5 28.4 44.1 28.5 | 45.6 30.2 | 47.0 31.9
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005260
Table G. Incidence of long-term unemployment among womena, b, c, d, e (cont.) As a percentage of female unemployment
1990 2001 2002 2003 2004
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
6 months and over
12 months and over
Australia 38.8 17.8 36.2 17.7 35.2 17.1 34.5 17.0 34.1 17.8
Austria . . . . 38.8 22.9 35.5 23.3 41.6 23.9 41.6 23.9
Belgium 82.5 70.0 | 64.5 50.8 68.0 53.6 66.2 48.2 67.0 48.8
Canada 19.9 6.2 15.4 8.2 17.3 8.7 16.4 8.2 16.3 8.3
Czech Republic . . . . 72.5 35.5 71.2 51.1 72.1 51.9 73.8 54.1
Denmark 57.7 32.0 | 38.0 18.8 36.7 22.4 38.1 17.9 42.5 22.7
Finlandf 26.3 8.4 | 39.6 22.6 38.3 21.2 37.0 21.4 37.8 21.4
France 57.5 40.0 57.5 37.6 54.3 35.2 | 62.3 42.8 61.3 41.8
Germany 64.2 44.5 | 68.9 52.9 66.7 50.3 70.3 52.3 70.3 53.7
Greece 78.2 55.9 | 73.7 56.6 75.2 56.1 76.9 60.9 78.7 59.2
Hungaryg 45.3 19.8 64.8 44.1 64.9 41.7 64.6 42.2 60.7 42.8
Icelandf 21.1 11.5 24.7 13.8 32.6 13.3 21.8 7.8 | 26.9 14.0
Ireland 75.0 56.8 | 38.6 21.3 38.1 18.0 48.1 25.9 42.7 22.3
Italy 86.0 70.7 | 78.5 63.1 77.2 60.1 74.9 58.9 | 67.0 52.0
Japan 26.3 8.8 35.7 18.3 40.3 22.4 40.8 24.6 40.2 23.1
Korea 8.8 0.9 8.3 1.2 9.3 1.2 6.1 0.3 8.2 0.6
Luxembourgh (55.6) (33.3) | (35.8) (23.7) (52.6) (26.5) (35.9) (17.4) (44.7) (21.6)
Mexico . . . . 3.9 1.0 5.1 0.4 4.5 0.8 4.1 1.1
Netherlands 62.0 44.6 | . . . . 47.0 26.4 48.4 28.1 51.7 28.8
New Zealand 33.2 16.1 | 27.5 13.3 24.8 11.6 24.3 11.3 21.3 9.9
Norway 45.0 22.5 | 13.3 3.9 16.0 3.9 16.8 5.4 21.3 7.0
Polandg 65.2 36.0 | 69.5 46.2 72.8 52.0 71.1 50.8 69.5 49.0
Portugal 66.4 49.4 | 61.0 39.9 56.4 36.2 59.1 34.1 65.2 42.6
Slovak Republic . . . . 75.6 55.7 78.7 61.2 76.7 62.1 77.6 60.3
Spain 76.5 61.5 | 66.1 48.6 63.8 44.5 63.4 43.9 61.1 41.1
Sweden 22.2 11.8 | 33.8 20.0 32.7 18.2 31.4 15.3 34.2 16.4
Switzerlandf 26.6 17.8 52.3 35.5 37.4 24.4 52.8 31.1 57.5 35.5
Turkey 75.6 51.2 47.1 31.1 51.5 36.5 50.0 30.9 62.5 45.6
United Kingdom 40.8 23.7 | 35.7 19.5 30.8 17.1 31.4 17.1 33.0 16.4
United States 7.3 3.7 | 11.5 5.8 17.6 8.1 20.7 11.0 20.5 11.4
EU-15i 67.0 50.2 | 63.2 46.2 60.8 43.4 | 62.9 44.8 | 61.4 43.3
EU-19i 66.2 47.3 | 65.0 46.6 63.8 45.7 | 64.9 46.5 | 63.5 45.0
OECD Europei 66.5 47.3 | 63.8 45.6 62.7 44.8 | 63.6 45.1 | 63.2 44.8
Total OECDi 47.6 32.5 | 45.8 31.2 46.2 31.0 | 47.3 32.0 | 47.3 32.0
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 261
Table G. Incidence of long-term unemployment among womena, b, c, d, e (cont.) As a percentage of female unemployment
a) While data from labour force surveys make international comparisons easier, compared to a mixture of surveyand registration data, they are not perfect. Questionnaire wording and design, survey timing, differences acrosscountries in the age groups covered, and other reasons mean that care is required in interpreting cross-countrydifferences in levels.
b) The duration of unemployment database maintained by the Secretariat is composed of detailed durationcategories disaggregated by age and sex. All totals are derived by adding each component. Thus, the total for menis derived by adding the number of unemployed men by each duration and age group category. Since publisheddata are usually rounded to the nearest thousand, this method sometimes results in slight differences betweenthe percentages shown here and those that would be obtained using the available published figures.
c) Data are averages of monthly figures for Canada, Sweden and the United States, averages of quarterly figures forthe Czech Republic, Hungary, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Spain, averages of semiannual figures for Turkey until 1999 and quarterly averages since 2000. The reference period for the remainingcountries is as follows (among EU countries it occasionally varies from year to year): Australia, August; Austria,March; Belgium, April; Denmark, April-May; Finland, autumn prior to 1995, spring between 1995 and 1998, andaverages of monthly figures since 1999; France, March and since 2003 all weeks of the first quarter; Germany,April; Greece, March-July; Iceland, April; Ireland, May; Italy, April and since 2004 all weeks of the second quarter;Japan, February; Luxembourg, April and since 2003 all weeks of the year; Mexico, April; the Netherlands, March-June; Portugal, February-April; Switzerland, second quarter; and the United Kingdom, March-May.
d) Data refer to persons aged 15 and over in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark,France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland,Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Switzerland and Turkey; and aged 16 and over in Iceland, Spain, the UnitedKingdom and the United States. Data for Finland refer to persons aged 15-64 (excluding unemploymentpensioners). Data for Hungary refer to persons aged 15-74, for Norway to persons aged 16-74 and for Sweden topersons aged 16-64.
e) Persons for whom no duration of unemployment was specified are excluded.f) The year 1990 refers to 1991.g) The year 1990 refers to 1992.h) Data in brackets are based on small sample sizes and, therefore, must be treated with care.i) For above countries only.
Source: OECD database on Labour Force Statistics (see URLs at the beginning of the Annex).
Statlink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/868358475777
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005262
AN
NEX
H
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Aust
ralia
cAu
stria
Belg
ium
Cana
daf
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
ge
ofGD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
ofth
ela
bour
forc
e
Publ
ic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
ge
ofGD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
ur fo
rce
Publ
ic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
ge
ofGD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
ur fo
rce
Publ
ic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
ge
ofGD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
ur fo
rce
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
-03
2003
-04
2002
-03
2003
-04
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
0.20
0.18
0.19
0.15
0.17
0.21
0.23
0.18
0.17
of w
hich
:1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a0.
110.
100.
120.
060.
060.
030.
030.
03g
0.03
g
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na0.
030.
030.
030.
02e
0.02
e..
0.06
0.05
0.05
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
040.
040.
030.
880.
960.
940.
240.
3012
.30
14.3
60.
180.
18..
..0.
130.
121.
151.
11
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.52
0.58
0.60
0.19
0.24
10.2
412
.45
0.18
0.17
....
0.11
0.10
0.76
0.75
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng–
––
0.18
0.26
0.23
0.01
0.01
1.62
1.37
––
..–
0.01
0.01
0.09
0.04
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng–
––
0.18
0.12
0.12
––
––
––
––
––
––
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p0.
020.
010.
01–
––
0.02
0.02
0.29
0.36
––
....
0.01
0.01
0.31
0.31
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.08
....
0.06
0.06
1.58
1.59
0.16
0.22
....
––
0.15
0.14
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.08
....
0.04
0.04
0.80
0.83
0.10
0.15
....
––
0.15
0.14
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es–
––
––
–0.
020.
020.
780.
75–
––
––
––
–
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.83
0.91
0.92
0.07
0.06
0.90
0.75
0.12
0.12
....
0.02
0.02
....
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t0.
020.
020.
020.
420.
450.
450.
030.
030.
530.
59..
....
..–
––
–
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t0.
020.
020.
020.
180.
190.
190.
010.
010.
120.
07..
....
..–
–0.
020.
03
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
train
ing
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.17
0.23
0.24
0.02
0.01
0.26
0.09
––
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
....
6.D
irect
job
crea
tion
0.08
0.09
0.09
1.19
1.25
1.42
0.04
0.04
0.25
0.23
0.43
0.49
..–
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.06
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.07
0.06
––
0.07
0.10
––
....
0.01
0.01
0.08
0.08
8.O
ut-o
f-wor
k in
com
e m
aint
enan
ce a
nd s
uppo
rt0.
930.
820.
748.
277.
276.
571.
091.
1222
.09
22.2
61.
942.
060.
68..
0.76
0.77
....
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its0.
88d
0.80
d0.
74d
8.05
7.17
6.48
0.95
0.94
20.0
420
.51
1.71
1.80
....
0.76
0.77
....
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
––
––
––
0.62
0.60
14.9
814
.96
1.71
1.80
....
0.76
0.77
....
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
––
––
––
0.02
0.01
1.20
0.78
0.15
0.16
––
––
––
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.23
0.10
0.09
0.13
0.16
0.85
0.97
0.08
0.11
....
––
––
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
––
––
––
0.15
0.25
1.42
1.90
0.45
0.45
....
––
....
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)1.
331.
191.
1311
.32
....
1.81
2.00
38.6
241
.19
3.50
3.75
....
1.15
1.14
....
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)0.
400.
380.
390.
560.
631.
111.
240.
39h
0.37
h
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
0.32
0.30
0.32
0.48
0.52
0.93
1.03
0.24
h0.
22h
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
200.
200.
203.
04..
..0.
420.
4615
.11
17.0
30.
901.
01..
..0.
21h
0.19
h1.
85h,
i1.
80h,
i
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
0.93
0.82
0.74
8.27
7.27
6.57
1.25
1.37
23.5
124
.16
2.39
2.51
....
0.76
0.77
....
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 263
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)Fi
scal
yea
rs s
tart
ing
on 1
July
.d)
Incl
ud
es M
atu
re A
ge a
nd
Par
tner
All
owan
ces,
exc
lud
es Y
outh
an
d W
idow
All
owan
ces.
e)B
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
incl
ud
es s
taff
cos
ts o
f u
nem
plo
ymen
t in
sura
nce
ser
vice
.f)
Fisc
al y
ears
sta
rtin
g on
1 A
pri
l.g)
Emp
loym
ent
assi
stan
ce s
ervi
ce.
h)To
tal f
or
acti
ve m
easu
res
incl
ud
es A
bori
gin
al H
um
an R
esou
rces
Dev
elop
men
t A
gree
men
t.i)
Part
icip
ant
infl
ows
for
Cat
egor
y 5.
3 “O
ther
reh
abil
itat
ion
an
d t
rain
ing”
are
not
incl
ud
ed.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005264
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows*
in
labo
ur
mar
ket
pro
gram
mes
in
OEC
D c
oun
trie
s**
(con
t.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Czec
h R
epub
licDe
nmar
kFi
nlan
dFr
ance
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
ur fo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
0.07
0.07
0.12
..0.
21d
0.11
f0.
16f
..0.
25
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a..
....
..0.
110.
060.
08..
0.16
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na..
....
....
0.05
f0.
05f
..0.
09g
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
020.
020.
020.
770.
930.
860.
620.
523.
933.
680.
340.
364.
714.
960.
300.
31..
3.36
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.77
0.93
0.86
0.60
0.50
3.68
3.35
0.28
0.29
3.17
3.17
0.09
0.09
..1.
76
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng–
––
––
––
–0.
120.
230.
050.
061.
451.
69–
–0.
010.
01
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng–
––
––
––
––
––
––
–0.
030.
04..
0.92
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p–
––
––
–0.
020.
020.
130.
100.
010.
010.
140.
140.
080.
080.
700.
67
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
––
––
––
0.54
0.49
2.88
2.61
0.16
0.19
1.74
1.80
0.11
0.08
1.79
1.93
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
––
––
––
0.54
0.49
2.88
2.61
0.11
0.13
1.22
1.26
0.11
0.08
1.78
1.93
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es–
––
––
––
––
––
––
––
–0.
010.
01
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.52
0.52
....
0.11
0.10
1.68
1.06
0.09
0.09
....
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t0.
010.
010.
010.
020.
020.
030.
010.
01–
––
––
–0.
030.
020.
600.
65
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t–
––
––
–0.
170.
20..
0.33
0.02
0.02
0.11
0.11
0.06
0.07
....
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
train
ing
––
––
––
0.34
0.32
....
0.08
0.08
1.56
0.94
––
––
6.Di
rect
job
crea
tion
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.68
0.73
0.92
––
0.01
0.01
0.10
0.09
0.98
0.98
0.41
0.35
1.94
1.60
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
–0.
010.
010.
060.
080.
06–
––
–0.
010.
010.
140.
15–
–0.
160.
31
8.Ou
t-of-w
ork
inco
me
mai
nten
ance
and
sup
port
0.26
0.28
0.27
9.19
9.29
8.89
1.58
1.91
....
1.62
1.58
25.5
912
.45
1.47
1.67
7.83
7.73
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its0.
260.
270.
279.
199.
298.
891.
54e
1.88
e..
..1.
481.
4520
.09
10.1
21.
471.
677.
837.
73
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
0.26
0.27
0.27
9.19
9.29
8.89
1.35
e1.
65e
....
0.88
0.87
10.6
86.
741.
311.
517.
307.
05
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
––
––
––
....
....
0.12
0.11
4.90
2.66
––
––
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
0.01
0.01
0.01
––
–0.
040.
030.
760.
670.
030.
020.
610.
42–
––
–
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
....
..0.
140.
400.
220.
770.
77..
..0.
530.
510.
400.
420.
130.
100.
110.
12
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)0.
430.
450.
5110
.87
11.4
610
.98
..4.
42..
..2.
993.
0135
.25
21.8
0..
2.85
..15
.69
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)0.
160.
170.
23..
1.74
0.83
0.91
..1.
09
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
....
....
1.64
0.78
0.83
..0.
99
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
090.
090.
111.
541.
771.
871.
681.
53..
..0.
720.
759.
268.
940.
910.
84..
7.85
h
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
0.26
c0.
28c
0.27
c9.
339.
699.
112.
352.
68..
..2.
152.
0925
.99
12.8
61.
601.
777.
947.
85
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 265
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)Ex
pen
dit
ure
s on
ear
ly r
etir
emen
t ar
e n
ot in
clu
ded
.d)
Ad
min
istr
atio
n c
osts
of
ind
epen
dan
t u
nem
plo
ymen
t in
sura
nce
fu
nd
s ar
e n
ot in
clu
ded
.e)
Incl
ud
es p
art-
tim
e an
d p
arti
al b
enef
its.
f)A
dm
inis
trat
ion
cos
ts o
f in
dep
end
ant
un
emp
loym
ent
insu
ran
ce f
un
ds
are
incl
ud
ed.
g)U
nem
plo
ymen
t in
sura
nce
sch
eme
(UN
EDIC
).h)
Part
icip
ants
infl
ows
for
Cat
egor
y 5.
2 “S
hel
tere
d e
mp
loym
ent”
are
not
incl
ud
ed.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005266
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
(co
nt.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Germ
anyc
Gree
ceIre
land
dIta
ly
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GD
P
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
0.27
0.28
....
0.67
e0.
60e
....
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a0.
040.
05..
..0.
04e
0.04
e..
..
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na..
....
....
....
..
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
480.
404.
784.
580.
110.
030.
88..
0.21
0.20
1.63
1.53
0.22
0.23
....
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.40
0.32
4.20
4.01
0.10
0.02
0.88
0.29
0.19
0.16
1.39
1.33
––
....
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng–
––
––
––
––
––
–0.
060.
04..
..
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng–
–0.
020.
010.
02–
–0.
030.
020.
030.
230.
20–
––
–
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p0.
070.
070.
560.
56–
––
––
––
–0.
130.
15..
..
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.11
0.11
1.20
1.46
0.05
0.02
0.24
..0.
100.
07..
0.19
0.36
0.33
....
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.10
0.10
1.20
..0.
050.
020.
24..
0.10
0.07
..0.
190.
320.
30..
..
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es0.
010.
01..
..–
––
––
––
––
–..
..
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.15
0.15
0.43
0.40
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.09
–0.
01..
..
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t0.
010.
010.
050.
040.
020.
020.
040.
030.
030.
030.
070.
09–
0.01
....
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t–
––
––
––
–0.
010.
01..
..–
––
–
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
train
ing
0.13
0.14
0.38
0.36
––
0.01
––
––
––
––
–
6.D
irect
job
crea
tion
0.17
0.12
0.63
0.70
––
–..
0.30
0.26
2.35
1.74
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
0.05
0.08
0.31
0.40
0.03
0.04
0.11
..–
––
0.12
0.03
0.05
....
8.O
ut-o
f-wor
k in
com
e m
aint
enan
ce a
nd s
uppo
rt2.
142.
27..
21.1
00.
370.
419.
98..
0.77
0.85
16.5
817
.56
0.56
0.51
....
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its2.
012.
1516
.12
16.8
20.
310.
356.
15..
0.73
0.77
14.8
515
.79
0.49
0.42
....
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
2.00
2.15
15.9
816
.70
0.31
0.35
5.83
..0.
330.
359.
2210
.01
0.49
0.42
....
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
0.03
0.04
..3.
560.
050.
063.
83..
––
––
0.07
0.09
....
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
0.09
0.08
0.76
0.72
––
––
0.04
0.07
1.73
1.77
––
––
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
0.03
0.04
0.11
0.12
––
–..
0.07
0.07
0.61
..0.
100.
110.
010.
02
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)3.
393.
46..
28.7
6..
..11
.26
..2.
162.
0921
.24
21.2
4..
....
..
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)1.
221.
14..
..1.
321.
17..
..
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
0.99
0.91
....
0.69
0.61
....
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
950.
867.
357.
540.
220.
111.
29..
0.65
0.57
4.05
f3.
680.
640.
65..
..
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
2.17
2.31
..21
.22
0.37
0.41
9.98
..0.
840.
9117
.19
17.5
6g0.
660.
62..
..
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 267
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)D
ata
do
no
t in
clu
de
the
acti
vite
s o
f th
e Lä
nd
er.
d)To
tals
her
e in
clu
de
som
e m
easu
res,
su
ch a
s D
FSA
Fam
ily
inco
me
sup
ple
men
t (C
ateg
ory
4) a
nd
mea
sure
s fo
r th
e in
tegr
atio
n o
f th
e d
isab
led
(Cat
egor
y 5)
, wh
ich
are
not
in E
uro
stat
dat
a.e)
Tota
l for
Cat
egor
y 1
refe
r to
to
tal F
AS
exp
end
itu
re. C
oun
sell
ing/
guid
ance
fu
nct
ion
, Jo
b C
lubs
an
d t
he
Loca
l Em
plo
ymen
t Se
rvic
es a
re id
enti
fed
as
the
pla
cem
ent
serv
ices
.f)
Part
icip
ant
infl
ows
for
Cat
egor
y 4.
1 “E
mp
loym
ent
ince
nti
ves”
are
not
incl
ud
ed.
g)Pa
rtic
ipan
t in
flow
s fo
r C
ateg
ory
9 “E
arly
ret
irem
ent”
are
no
t in
clu
ded
.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005268
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
(co
nt.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Japa
ncKo
rea
Luxe
mbo
urg
Neth
erla
ndsd
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
2002
-03
2003
-04
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istr
atio
na0.
250.
260.
040.
050.
05..
..0.
280.
310.
31
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a..
..0.
010.
010.
01..
....
....
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na..
..0.
010.
010.
01..
..0.
180.
210.
22
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
040.
040.
050.
050.
061.
23..
....
....
..0.
63e
0.62
e0.
60e
3.79
3.30
2.18
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
1.01
....
––
––
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.23
0.19
0.15
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng–
––
––
––
–..
....
..0.
090.
070.
011.
901.
440.
16
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng–
––
––
––
––
––
–0.
250.
260.
271.
161.
171.
35
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p–
–0.
010.
010.
010.
220.
310.
38–
–..
..0.
040.
050.
050.
500.
500.
52
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
1.93
1.94
1.66
0.05
0.06
0.66
0.78
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.95
0.65
0.42
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
1.27
1.42
1.21
0.01
0.01
0.21
0.25
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.95
0.65
0.42
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es0.
010.
01–
––
0.67
0.52
0.45
––
––
––
––
––
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.16
0.20
0.17
0.03
0.03
0.39
0.41
0.63
0.62
0.59
0.78
0.70
0.47
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t..
..0.
010.
020.
020.
090.
130.
090.
030.
030.
390.
41–
––
––
–
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t..
..–
––
0.01
0.01
0.01
––
––
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.09
0.08
0.08
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
train
ing
–..
–0.
010.
010.
060.
070.
07–
––
–0.
160.
150.
120.
690.
620.
40
6.Di
rect
job
crea
tion
––
0.08
0.01
0.01
2.25
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
....
0.29
0.25
0.21
0.34
0.19
0.27
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
––
0.01
0.01
0.01
––
––
––
0.01
––
––
––
8.Ou
t-of-w
ork
inco
me
mai
nten
ance
and
sup
port
0.48
0.46
0.12
0.14
0.19
1.78
2.12
2.87
0.31
0.43
6.52
8.06
2.00
e2.
09e
2.43
e4.
775.
935.
91
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its..
..0.
120.
140.
191.
782.
122.
870.
260.
381.
922.
361.
93f
2.02
f2.
36f
4.77
5.93
5.91
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
....
0.12
0.14
0.19
1.78
2.12
2.87
....
....
0.97
1.02
1.30
3.58
4.61
4.60
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
....
––
––
––
0.02
0.03
4.07
5.28
0.07
0.07
0.07
––
–
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
–0.
01–
––
––
–0.
030.
020.
530.
41–
––
––
–
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
––
––
––
––
0.22
0.21
0.14
0.17
––
––
––
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)0.
790.
790.
340.
300.
367.
35..
....
....
..3.
643.
683.
8910
.62
10.7
79.
25
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)0.
310.
320.
220.
160.
17..
..1.
871.
831.
72
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
....
0.18
0.12
0.13
....
....
..
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
070.
060.
170.
110.
125.
58..
....
....
..1.
591.
521.
415.
854.
843.
34
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
0.48
0.46
0.12
0.14
0.19
1.78
2.12
2.87
0.53
0.64
6.66
8.23
1.78
e1.
86e
2.16
e4.
775.
935.
91
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 269
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)Fi
scal
yea
rs s
tart
ing
on 1
Ap
ril.
d)To
tals
her
e in
clu
de
a n
um
ber
of
dec
entr
alis
ed b
ud
get
allo
cati
ons,
su
ch a
s ES
F fu
nd
ing
for
trai
nin
g (C
ateg
ory
2) a
nd
th
e re
inte
grat
ion
bu
dge
t o
f so
cial
min
istr
y (C
ateg
ory
5),
wh
ich
are
no
tin
Eu
rost
at d
ata.
e)Es
tim
ated
un
emp
loym
ent
ben
efit
s p
aid
to
par
tici
pan
ts in
labo
ur
mar
ket
trai
nin
g ar
e in
clu
ded
in t
he
tota
ls f
or b
oth
Cat
egor
ies
2an
d 8
, bu
t ex
clu
ded
fro
m t
he
tota
l “Pa
ssiv
e m
easu
res”
.f)
Incl
ud
es u
nem
plo
ymen
t be
nef
its
for
civi
l ser
van
ts (C
ateg
ory
8) w
hic
h a
re n
ot in
Eu
rost
at d
ata.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005270
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
(co
nt.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
New
Zea
land
cN
orw
ayPo
land
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
2002
-03
2003
-04
2002
-03
2003
-04
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
....
..
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a0.
030.
020.
040.
050.
06..
....
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na0.
050.
070.
03g
0.02
g0.
02g
....
..
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
280.
299.
349.
150.
080.
090.
091.
341.
672.
230.
050.
040.
030.
821.
541.
63
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.08
0.09
1.47
1.32
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.89
1.08
1.50
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.40
0.78
0.75
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng0.
090.
096.
066.
060.
010.
020.
020.
450.
600.
72–
––
––
–
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng0.
110.
111.
811.
78–
––
––
––
––
––
–
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p–
––
––
––
––
–0.
040.
030.
020.
420.
760.
88
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.04
0.03
1.17
1.25
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.27
0.58
..0.
040.
100.
090.
450.
850.
63
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.04
0.03
1.08
1.10
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.27
0.57
..0.
040.
100.
090.
450.
850.
63
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es–
–0.
090.
16–
––
––
––
––
––
–
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.05
0.05
....
0.50
0.56
0.59
2.63
2.70
3.43
––
––
––
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t0.
020.
02..
..0.
120.
130.
181.
010.
971.
35–
––
––
–
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t–
–..
–0.
050.
080.
080.
320.
360.
37–
––
––
–
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
train
ing
0.02
0.03
–0.
040.
330.
340.
321.
311.
371.
71–
––
––
–
6.Di
rect
job
crea
tion
0.01
0.01
0.28
0.22
––
––
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.20
0.59
0.45
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
0.03
0.02
0.24
0.19
––
–0.
020.
010.
040.
010.
010.
010.
020.
030.
03
8.Ou
t-of
-wor
k in
com
e m
aint
enan
ce a
nd s
uppo
rt1.
00d
0.80
d7.
115.
310.
68f
0.87
f0.
87f
7.21
6.40
6.52
1.14
1.08
0.82
6.10
5.78
6.00
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its1.
000.
807.
115.
310.
490.
620.
677.
216.
406.
520.
320.
270.
221.
461.
251.
15
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
––
––
0.35
0.48
0.46
5.37
4.71
5.03
0.14
0.12
0.09
––
–
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
––
––
0.10
0.12
0.12
....
..0.
220.
190.
161.
811.
531.
40
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
––
––
0.09
0.13
0.08
....
..0.
590.
610.
442.
833.
003.
45
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
––
––
––
––
––
––
––
––
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)1.
511.
3218
.14
16.1
31.
401.
671.
7211
.47
11.3
7..
....
..7.
578.
798.
74
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)0.
510.
520.
720.
810.
85..
....
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
0.43
0.42
0.63
0.73
0.77
....
..
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
400.
4011
.03e
10.8
2e0.
590.
680.
714.
274.
97..
0.11
0.19
0.16
1.48
3.01
2.74
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
1.00
0.80
7.11
5.31
0.68
0.87
0.87
7.21
6.40
6.52
1.14
1.08
0.82
6.10
5.78
6.00
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 271
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)Fi
scal
yea
rs s
tart
ing
on 1
July
.d)
Un
emp
loym
ent
ben
efit
s in
clu
de
ben
efit
s p
aid
to
par
tici
pan
ts u
nd
erta
kin
g ac
tive
pro
gram
mes
.e)
Part
icip
ant
infl
ows
for
Cat
egor
y 5
“In
tegr
atio
n o
f th
e d
isab
led
” ar
e n
ot in
clu
ded
.f)
Un
emp
loym
ent
ben
efit
s p
aid
to
par
tici
pan
ts in
act
ive
pro
gram
mes
are
incl
ud
ed u
nd
er t
he
rele
van
t p
rogr
amm
e.g)
Ben
efit
ad
min
istr
atio
n in
clu
des
ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f re
hab
ilit
atio
n b
enef
its.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005272
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
(co
nt.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Portu
gal
Slov
ak R
epub
licSp
aind
Swed
en
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
2002
2003
2002
2003
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2002
2003
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
..0.
130.
170.
170.
340.
100.
090.
080.
250.
24
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a..
0.04
....
....
0.03
0.03
..–
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na..
–..
....
..0.
020.
020.
050.
05
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
180.
290.
931.
240.
040.
020.
012.
000.
941.
030.
170.
150.
170.
610.
374.
242.
99
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.09
0.16
0.60
0.80
0.03
0.01
0.01
1.32
0.65
0.87
0.12
0.10
0.09
0.48
0.24
2.40
1.53
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng0.
030.
030.
160.
180.
01–
–0.
510.
290.
16–
–0.
01–
–0.
010.
01
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng0.
010.
010.
030.
02–
––
––
––
0.01
0.02
––
––
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p0.
040.
080.
090.
19–
––
0.17
0.10
0.54
0.04
0.03
0.04
––
––
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.18
0.16
....
0.04
0.01
–1.
460.
310.
070.
290.
300.
330.
220.
152.
822.
11
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.17
0.15
....
0.04
0.01
–1.
460.
310.
070.
290.
290.
320.
200.
152.
822.
11
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es–
––
––
––
––
––
––
––
––
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.05
0.06
0.21
0.25
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.18
0.20
0.16
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.50
0.48
0.57
0.45
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t–
0.01
0.07
0.07
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.18
0.20
0.16
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.25
0.25
0.47
0.38
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t–
––
––
––
––
–0.
030.
030.
020.
210.
200.
100.
07
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
trai
ning
0.04
0.04
0.14
0.18
––
––
––
––
–0.
030.
03–
–
6.Di
rect
job
crea
tion
0.04
0.04
0.69
0.65
0.08
0.04
0.03
1.54
0.53
8.28
0.09
0.09
0.10
––
––
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
––
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.35
0.31
0.21
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.25
0.18
8.Ou
t-of-w
ork
inco
me
mai
nten
ance
and
sup
port
0.85
1.11
....
0.36
0.32
0.31
7.36
7.15
..1.
551.
481.
501.
031.
2212
.15
13.2
7
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its0.
841.
092.
924.
330.
34c
0.31
c0.
30c
7.36
7.15
..1.
471.
391.
410.
931.
129.
4810
.41
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
0.63
0.84
1.85
3.22
0.34
0.31
0.30
7.36
7.15
..1.
041.
011.
030.
93e
1.12
e–
–
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
––
....
––
––
––
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.03
0.03
2.03
2.22
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
0.01
0.01
....
0.02
0.01
0.01
....
..–
––
0.07
0.06
0.64
0.63
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
0.36
0.17
..0.
53–
–0.
04–
–0.
67–
––
0.01
–..
..
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)..
1.95
....
0.78
0.61
0.76
12.8
89.
42..
2.32
2.19
2.27
2.67
2.51
20.0
319
.00
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)..
0.67
0.42
0.29
0.41
0.78
0.72
0.77
1.63
1.29
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
..0.
58..
....
..0.
650.
72..
1.04
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
450.
54..
..0.
250.
120.
075.
532.
289.
750.
660.
620.
691.
381.
047.
885.
73
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
1.21
1.28
....
0.36
0.32
0.35
7.36
7.15
..1.
551.
481.
501.
041.
2212
.15
13.2
7
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 273
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)T
he
maj
orit
y of
reg
iste
red
un
emp
loye
d r
ecei
ve in
com
e su
pp
ort
fro
m s
ocia
l ass
ista
nce
, wh
ich
is n
ot in
clu
ded
in t
he
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
8 “
Ou
t-of
-wor
k m
ain
ten
ance
an
d s
up
por
t”.
d)D
ata
incl
ud
e ex
pen
dit
ure
on
LM
Ps f
inan
ced
by
the
Au
ton
omou
s C
omm
un
itie
s an
d m
un
icip
alit
ies.
Th
e m
eth
odo
logy
for
col
lect
ing
exp
end
itu
re d
ata
for
Span
ish
au
ton
om
ous
regi
on
s an
dm
un
icip
alit
ies
chan
ged
in20
04, t
hu
s af
fect
ing
com
par
ison
s w
ith
ear
lier
yea
rs.
e)D
ata
incl
ud
e “b
asic
insu
ran
ce”
wh
ich
is n
ot
con
trib
uti
on b
ased
.
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005274
Tabl
e H
.Pu
blic
ex
pen
dit
ure
an
d p
arti
cip
ant
infl
ows* i
n la
bou
r m
ark
et p
rogr
amm
es i
n O
ECD
cou
ntr
ies**
(co
nt.)
Prog
ram
me
cate
gorie
s an
d su
b-ca
tego
ries
Switz
erla
ndUn
ited
King
dom
eUn
ited
Stat
esh
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
Parti
cipa
nt in
flow
s as
ape
rcen
tage
of
the
labo
urfo
rce
Pub
lic e
xpen
ditu
re
asa
perc
enta
geof
GDP
2002
2003
2004
2002
2003
2004
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
1.PE
S an
d ad
min
istra
tiona
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.37
0.34
0.34
0.04
0.04
0.04
of w
hich
: 1.
1. P
lace
men
t and
rela
ted
serv
ices
a..
....
0.14
f0.
15f
0.14
f0.
010.
010.
01
1.2.
Ben
efit
adm
inis
tratio
na0.
040.
040.
040.
19g
0.15
g0.
15g
0.03
i0.
03i
0.03
i
2.Tr
aini
ng0.
20c
0.28
c0.
31c
3.07
4.31
..0.
120.
140.
14..
....
0.06
0.06
0.05
2.1.
Inst
itutio
nal t
rain
ing
0.20
0.27
0.30
3.03
4.26
..0.
010.
010.
01..
....
0.03
0.02
0.02
2.2.
Wor
kpla
ce tr
aini
ng–
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.05
..0.
030.
030.
03..
....
––
–
2.3.
Inte
grat
ed tr
aini
ng–
––
––
..–
––
..0.
260.
310.
030.
030.
03
2.4.
Spe
cial
sup
port
for a
ppre
ntic
eshi
p–
––
––
..0.
090.
100.
10..
1.00
..–
––
4.Em
ploy
men
t inc
entiv
esb
0.09
0.12
0.11
2.99
3.18
..0.
020.
01–
....
..–
––
4.1.
Rec
ruitm
ent i
ncen
tives
0.04
0.07
0.08
1.52
1.54
..0.
020.
01–
....
..–
––
4.2.
Em
ploy
men
t mai
nten
ance
ince
ntiv
es0.
050.
060.
031.
471.
64..
––
–..
....
––
–
5.In
tegr
atio
n of
the
disa
bled
0.14
0.23
0.16
....
..0.
020.
030.
03–
––
0.03
0.03
0.03
5.1.
Reg
ular
em
ploy
men
t0.
140.
150.
16..
....
––
0.01
..0.
140.
13–
––
5.2.
She
ltere
d em
ploy
men
t–
0.08
––
....
0.02
0.02
0.02
..0.
020.
02–
––
5.3.
Oth
er re
habi
litat
ion
and
trai
ning
––
––
–..
––
–..
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
6.Di
rect
job
crea
tion
––
––
–..
0.02
0.02
0.01
–..
..0.
010.
010.
01
7.St
art-u
p in
cent
ives
–0.
010.
010.
050.
06..
––
–..
0.01
0.01
––
–
8.Ou
t-of-w
ork
inco
me
mai
nten
ance
and
sup
port
0.72
c1.
02c
1.03
c5.
846.
78..
0.42
0.39
0.37
..9.
798.
970.
490.
510.
37
8.1.
Ful
l une
mpl
oym
ent b
enef
its0.
701.
011.
025.
616.
64..
0.40
0.37
0.35
..9.
798.
970.
490.
510.
37
of w
hich
: Une
mpl
oym
ent i
nsur
ance
0.64
0.95
0.97
5.61
6.64
....
....
....
..0.
490.
500.
37
8.2,
8.3
. Par
tial a
nd p
art-t
ime
unem
ploy
men
t ben
efits
––
––
–..
––
––
––
––
–
8.4,
8.5
. Red
unda
ncy
and
bank
rupc
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.23
0.14
..0.
020.
020.
02..
....
––
–
9.Ea
rly re
tirem
ent
––
––
–..
––
––
––
––
–
TOTA
L (1
-9; 2
-9fo
r inf
low
s)1.
281.
801.
7611
.94
14.3
4..
0.97
0.93
0.89
....
..0.
670.
680.
53
Activ
e m
easu
res
(1-7
)0.
560.
770.
740.
550.
540.
530.
18j
0.17
j0.
16j
of w
hich
: Ca
tego
ries
1.1
plus
2-7
....
..0.
320.
340.
330.
15j
0.14
j0.
13j
Cate
gorie
s 2-
7on
ly0.
440.
640.
606.
10d
7.56
d..
0.18
0.20
0.18
....
..0.
13j
0.13
j0.
12j
Pass
ive
mea
sure
s (8
-9)
0.72
1.02
1.03
5.84
6.78
..0.
420.
390.
37..
9.79
8.97
0.49
0.51
0.37
STATISTICAL ANNEX
OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK – ISBN 92-64-01045-9 – © OECD 2005 275
. .D
ata
not
ava
ilab
le.
–N
il o
r le
ss t
han
0.0
05.
*D
ata
for
par
tici
pan
t in
flow
s ar
e re
por
ted
on
ly f
or
Cat
egor
ies
2to
9si
nce
dat
a fo
r C
ateg
ory
1 “P
ubl
ic e
mp
loym
ent
serv
ices
an
d a
dm
inis
trat
ion
” ar
e co
mm
only
in
com
ple
te a
nd
non
-co
mp
arab
le (s
een
ote
a). T
otal
s sh
own
mu
st b
e in
terp
rete
d w
ith
cau
tion
.**
Foll
owin
g a
chan
ge o
f cl
assi
fica
tion
, dat
a to
2002
dif
fer
from
th
ose
pu
blis
hed
pre
viou
sly.
a)C
ateg
ory
1re
fers
to
pu
blic
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es (P
ES)
and
th
e ad
min
istr
atio
n o
f ac
tive
an
d p
assi
ve la
bou
r m
arke
t p
rogr
amm
es, i
ncl
ud
ing
cost
s of
reg
ion
al a
nd
hea
d o
ffic
es, n
atio
nw
ide
IT s
yste
ms
and
job-
seek
er r
egis
trat
ion
, cla
ssif
icat
ion
an
d r
efer
ral.
Cat
egor
ies
1.1
and
1.2
incl
ud
e on
ly s
epar
atel
y-id
enti
fied
pla
cem
ent
and
rel
ated
ser
vice
s an
d b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
an
dth
eir
de f
acto
cov
erag
e is
var
iabl
e. A
s d
ata
per
mit
, Cat
ego
ry 1
.1in
clu
des
ou
tsou
rced
em
plo
ymen
t se
rvic
es, j
ob-s
earc
h a
ssis
tan
ce m
easu
res
wit
h s
pec
ific
bu
dge
t li
nes
an
d c
lien
t se
rvic
esas
def
ined
by
Euro
stat
.b)
Th
e to
tals
sh
own
fo
r C
ateg
ory
4in
clu
de
no
n-z
ero
spen
din
g o
n E
uro
stat
Cat
ego
ry 3
“Jo
b ro
tati
on
an
d s
har
ing”
in F
inla
nd
, Sp
ain
an
d S
wed
en.
c)U
nem
plo
ymen
t be
nef
its
pai
d t
o p
arti
cip
ants
in la
bou
r m
arke
t tr
ain
ing
are
incl
ud
ed in
Cat
ego
ry 2
“Tr
ain
ing”
.d)
Part
icip
ants
infl
ows
for
Cat
ego
ry 5
“In
tegr
atio
n o
f th
e d
isab
led
” ar
e n
ot in
clu
ded
.e)
Excl
ud
ing
Nor
ther
n I
rela
nd
. Fis
cal y
ears
sta
rtin
g on
1 A
pri
l.f)
Exp
end
itu
res
for
Jobc
entr
e Pl
us,
New
Dea
l gat
eway
an
d f
ollo
w-t
hro
ugh
co
mp
on
ents
, New
Dea
l for
Lon
e Pa
ren
ts a
nd
New
Dea
l for
Par
tner
s.g)
Esti
mat
e o
f b
enef
it a
dm
inis
trat
ion
fu
nct
ion
of
Emp
loym
ent
Serv
ice
(200
1-02
) an
d Jo
bcen
tre
Plu
s (f
rom
2002
-03)
.h)
Fisc
al y
ears
sta
rtin
g on
1 O
ctob
er.
i)M
ain
ly c
ost
s o
f ru
nn
ing
un
emp
loym
ent
insu
ran
ce o
ffic
es. A
lso
incl
ud
es v
ario
us
nat
ion
al a
ctiv
itie
s su
ch a
s in
form
atio
n, r
esea
rch
an
d e
valu
atio
n.
j)To
tal f
or
acti
ve m
easu
res
incl
ud
es T
AN
F W
ork
Act
ivit
y ex
pen
dit
ure
s.
Sou
rce:
Dat
a fo
r D
enm
ark,
Fin
lan
d, F
ran
ce, G
reec
e, L
uxe
mbo
urg
, Ita
ly a
nd
Por
tuga
l are
tak
en f
rom
Eu
rost
at, L
abou
r M
arke
t Po
licy
and
Part
icip
ants
, Ju
ne
2005
an
d d
etai
led
dat
a su
pp
lied
to
OEC
Dby
Eu
rost
at. O
ther
cou
ntr
ies:
OEC
D d
atab
ase
on
labo
ur
mar
ket
pro
gram
mes
.